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LI NI U

Vin thng ang ngy cng pht trin khng ngng vi nhng tin b ca khoa
hc k thut cng s sng to v hn ca loi ngi em n cho Vin thng mt b
mt mi v mt tng lai v cng tim nng. Xut pht t nhu cu v cng ca con
ngi, cc tnh nng mi, dch v mi, cng ngh v k thut mi c a vo cc
h thng Vin thng p ng nhng nhu cu . Chnh v th, Vin thng ng mt
vai tr rt quan trng v l mt trong nhng yu t khng th thiu ca bt k quc gia
no trn th gii mun c gi l cng quc v kinh t, khoa hc k thut, qun s,
Cng vi nim am m v khoa hc k thut, nht l v Vin thng, ti chn
mi trng hc tp l Hc Vin Cng Ngh Bu Chnh Vin Thng lm ni khi u
cho tng lai ca mnh. Trong sut bn nm hc tp ti y, ti c c nhng kin
thc tng qut nht v cc h thng thng mng vin thng, cch vn hnh, nhn bit v
khc phc mt s s c cn bn ca h thng. Tuy nhin, nu ch hc nhng l thuyt
trn sch v l cha , chnh v vy nh trng to iu kin cho chng ti n vi
cng ty vin thng lin tnh VTN c tm hiu v hc tp vi nhng h thng vin
thng trong thc t ang c cng ty vn hnh v khai thc.
Qua khong thi gian thc tp khong 3 thng ti cng ty vin thng lin tnh
VTN v ti Hc Vin Cng Ngh Bu Chnh Vin Thng v mng Chuyn Mch, ti
thu thp c mt s ni dung vit thnh bo co ny.
Ni dung ca bo co gm 2 phn chnh:
Phn I: Thc tp ti c s VTN:
1. Gii thiu v c s thc tp.
2. Mng ASON North Rings.
3. Mng Backbone 120Gbps.
4. Mng Backbone 240Gbps
Phn II: Thc tp chuyn su ti Hc Vin:
1. Tng quan v IPTV.
2. Cc k thut phn phi mng IPTV
3. Tnh hnh pht trin IPTV Vit Nam.
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Em xin trn trng cm n cc anh ch ti cng ty vin thng lin tnh VTN gip
, hng dn tn tnh v cung cp nhng ti liu cn thit em c th hon thnh tt
bi bo co thc tp ny. Em xin chn thnh cm n cc thy c trong b mn Chuyn
Mch hng dn v gp cho em lm bo co thc tp ny.
H Ni, ngy 03 thng 08 nm 2012
Sinh vin thc hin
Nguyn Tin Hip


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MC LC

LI NI U ................................................................................................................. i
MC LC ...................................................................................................................... iii
DANH MC HNH V V BNG ................................................................................ v
DANH MC T VIT TT.......................................................................................... vi
PHN I: THC TP C S VTN ................................................................................. 1
1.1. Gii thiu v c s thc tp ................................................................................... 1
1.2. Mng ASON North Rings. .................................................................................. 2
1.2.1. Tng qut ........................................................................................................... 2
1.2.2. Cc lp ca mng ASON North Rings ............................................................ 3
1.2.2.1. Lp WDM ....................................................................................................... 3
1.2.2.2. Lp SDH. ........................................................................................................ 5
1.3. Mng Backbone 120Gbps. ..................................................................................... 6
1.3.1. Tng qut ........................................................................................................... 6
1.3.2. Cc lp ca mng Backbone 120Gb ................................................................... 6
1.3.2.1. Lp WDM ....................................................................................................... 6
1.3.2.2. Lp SDH ......................................................................................................... 7
1.4. Mng Backbone 240Gbps ...................................................................................... 8
1.4.1. Tng qut ........................................................................................................... 8
1.4.2. Cc lp ca mng Backbone 240Gbps. .............................................................. 8
1.4.2.1. Lp WDM ....................................................................................................... 8
1.4.2.2. Lp SDH ......................................................................................................... 9
PHN II: THC TP CHUYN SU ......................................................................... 10
2.1. Tng quan v IPTV ............................................................................................. 10
2.1.1. Khi nim IPTV ............................................................................................... 10
2.1.2. c tnh ca IPTV............................................................................................ 10
2.1.3. Cu trc mng IPTV ........................................................................................ 11
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2.1.4. S khc bit gia IPTV v truyn hnh Internet ................................................ 12
2.2. Cc k thut phn phi mng IPTV ..................................................................... 13
2.2.1. IPTV phn phi trn mng ADSL .................................................................... 13
2.2.2. IPTV phn phi trn mng truy cp quang ....................................................... 15
2.2.2.1. Mng quang th ng .................................................................................... 16
2.2.2.2. Mng quang tch cc ..................................................................................... 19
2.2.3. IP phn phi trn mng truyn hnh cp ........................................................... 19
2.2.3.1. Tng quan v k thut HFC ........................................................................... 19
2.2.3.2. IPTV phn phi trn mng truyn hnh cp.................................................... 20
2.3. Tnh hnh pht trin IPTV Vit Nam ................................................................. 22
2.3.1. Tnh hnh pht trin dch v IPTV ca VNPT .................................................. 22
2.3.2. Tnh hnh pht trin dch v IPTV ca FPT ...................................................... 23
2.3.3. Tnh hnh pht trin IPTV ca VTC ................................................................. 24
NH HNG N TT NGHIP......................................................................... 25




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DANH MC HNH V V BNG

Hnh 1.1: Topo mng North - Rings................................................................................. 3
Hnh 1.2: Cu trc WDM N bc sng ............................................................................ 4
Hnh 1.3: Topo lp WDM mng North - Rings ................................................................ 4
Hnh 1.4: Topo lp SDH mng North - Rings .................................................................. 5
Hnh 1.5: Topo lp WDM mng Backbone 120Gbps ....................................................... 7
Hnh 1.6: Topo lp WDM mng Backbone 240Gbps ....................................................... 8
Hnh 1.7: Topo lp SDH mng Backbone 240Gbps ......................................................... 9

Hnh 2.1: M hnh h thng IPTV end to end ................................................................ 11
Hnh 2.2: IPTV trn cu trc mng ADSL ..................................................................... 15
Hnh 2.3: Mng IPTV FTTH s dng cng ngh PON .................................................. 18
Hnh 2.4: Mng HFC end to end .................................................................................... 20
Hnh 2.5: M hnh trin khai cu trc mng IPTV cp kt hp IP v RF........................ 22

Bng 2.1: So snh cc cng ngh mng PON ................................................................. 18


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DANH MC T VIT TT
Tn vit tt Tn ting Anh Tn ting Vit
ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line ng dy thu bao s bt i xng
AON Active Optical Network Mng quang tch cc
BPON Broadband Passive Optical Network Mng quang th ng bng rng
DSL Digital Subcriber Line ng dy thu bao s bt i xng
DSLAM Digital Subcriber Line Access Multiplexer B ghp knh truy cp ng dy thu bao s
DWDM Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing Ghp knh phn chia theo mt bc sng
EPON Ethernet PON Mng quang th ng Ethernet
GPON Gigabit PON Mng quan th ng Gigabit
HFC Hybrid Fiber Coaxial Lai gia cp quang v cp ng trc
IPTV Internet Protocol Television Truyn hnh giao thc Internet
IPTVCD IPTV Receiver Decoder B gii m u thu tch hp
MPEG Moving Picture Experts Group Nhm cc chuyn gia v nh ng
OA Optical Amplifier Khuch i quang
OD Optical De-Multiplexer Unit Tch bc sng
OLT Optical Line Termination u cui ng quan
OM Optical Multiplexer Unit Ghp bc sng
ONT Optical Network Termination u cui mng quang
OSC/ESC Optical/Electrical Supervisory Channel Gim st knh quang/in
OUT Optical Transponder Unit Chuyn i bc sng
SONET Synchronous Optical Network Mng quang ng b

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PHN I: THC TP C S VTN

1.1. Gii thiu v c s thc tp
Cng ty vin thng lin tnh c tn giao dch quc t l Vietnam Telecom National
(gi tt l VTN) c thnh lp ngy 31-03-1990 v mt n v thnh vin trc thuc
Tp on Bu chnh Vin Thng Vit Nam VNPT. VTN l c tr s ti s 30 Phm
Hng, M nh, T Lim, H Ni.
Sau hn 20 nm xy dng v pht trin, VTN lun l mt trong nhng cng ty i
u trong lnh vc vin thng ng trc ti Vit Nam, vi bn nt chuyn mch tin
tin t ti H Ni, Nng, TP H Ch Minh, Cn Th, mng vin thng th h mi
NGN, h thng truyn dn hin i s dng cng ngh SDH (vi ba, cp quang), DWDM
vi dung lng tuyn ng trc ln ti 360Gb/s.
Hin nay, VTN c 5 h thng truyn dn chnh:
Mng pha Bc: Trin khai vi thit b Huawei ti 24 tnh thnh pha Bc, topo dng
mesh, s dng cng ngh chuyn mch t ng ASON vi 170 bc sng * 10Gbps/
Lamda.
Mng Backbone 120Gbps: S dng thit b Nortel vi 5 vng Rings chy dc t
Bc vo Nam vi cc node chuyn mch chnh l HNI, VIH, DNG, QNN, HCM. Tng
dung lng l 12*10Gbps/Lamda trn cc vng Ring.
Mng Backbone 240Gbps: S dng thit b Ciena vi 5 vng Rings chy dc t Bc
vo Nam vi cc node chuyn mch chnh l HNI, VIH, DNG,QNN, HCM. Tng dung
lng l 08*10Gbps/Lamda +05*40Gbps/Lamda. Ngoi ra cn 1 vng ring HCM
CTO vi dung lng 70Gbps.
Mng truyn dn Metro Hanoi ca VTN dng thit b Alcatel Lucent trin khai
trong nm 2010.
Mng truyn dn ng Bc s dng thit b Marcony trin khai trong thi gian
ti.
VTN hot ng trong cc lnh vc chnh nh sau:
Kinh doanh cc dch v vin thng.
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T chc, xy dng, qun l, vn hnh, khai thc mng li, dch v vin thng
ng di v cho thu knh vin thng lin tnh, lm u mi kt ni gia mng vin
thng cc tnh trong nc vi ca ng quc t.
Kinh doanh cc dch v mi trn nn NGN.
T vn, kho st, thit k, xy lp chuyn ngnh vin thng.
Xut khu, nhp khu, kinh doanh vt t thit b chuyn ngnh vin thng.
Bo tr cc thit b chuyn ngnh vin thng.
Khch hng ca VTN rt a dng t cc cng ty nh nc nh VNPT, Viettel n
cc cng ty trch nhim hu hn, cc cng ty thng mi c phn, cc ngn hng v cc
cng ty t nhn trong c nc.
1.2. Mng ASON North Rings.
1.2.1. Tng qut
Mng truyn dn pha Bc ca VTN dng thit b ca Huawei trin khai nm
2008, trong :
Lp WDM: S dng dng sn phm OSN 6800.
Lp SDH s dng dng sn phm OSN 3500/7500/9500.
Mng gm 7 vng Rings v 4 ng Chain tri rng 24 tnh pha Bc to thnh
mt mng Ring lai v Mesh vi 35 node mng (27 node ROADM, 8 node OLA).
Cc dch v c bn c th cung cp:
2M/34M/45M.
STM1/STM4/STM16/STM64.
GE/10GLAN/10GWAN.
OTU2/OTU2e
Mng pha Bc VTN ng dng cng ngh GMPLS/ASON cho vic bo v dch
v:
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m bo chuyn mch dch v khi 2 ng cp b li
Tn dng bng thng
Tnh kh trin cao
Thun tin cho qu trnh nng cp, m rng.

Hnh 1.1: Topo mng North - Rings
1.2.2. Cc lp ca mng ASON North Rings
1.2.2.1. Lp WDM
Cc thit b OSN 6800 mm do v da trn nn chun OTN. N c thit k
gi lnh grooming cho dch v truyn ti bng rng, triple-play v vic kt ni IP
backbone vi QoS c m bo.
Chc nng chnh ca OUT l chuyn i bc sng gia tn hiu pha client v
pha WDM theo tn hiu chun ITU-T (G691/694).
Chc nng chnh ca OM l ghp cc knh ring r vo ng chnh, OD thc
hin chc nng ngc li.
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OA c s dng b line loss hoc insertion loss ca cc thnh phn thc hin
truyn ti khong cch ln.
C 2 cch qun l, s khc nhau l ESC da trn cc card OUT, cn OSC da
trn card SC1/2.
Ton b cu trc ca h thng WDM N bc sng c th hin trong hnh

Hnh 1.2: Cu trc WDM N bc sng

Hnh 1.3: Topo lp WDM mng North Rings

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1.2.2.2. Lp SDH.
Cc thit b OSN 9500, 7500, 3500 c dng cho lp SDH kt cui cc dch
v ti cc trm
Ti H Ni, thit b OSN 9500 c s dng n trc tip tn hiu 10G t lp
DWDM, ti y s chia ra cc thit b OSN 3500 kt cui dch v cho khch hng
hoc kt cui ngay ti OSN 3500.
Dch v c bo v thnh 2 lp: ASON trn DWDM gm 2 bc sng 10G v
ASON trn SDH gm 21 bc sng 10G, kt cui cc trm ti cc tnh.
Ti cc trm tnh, ty theo lu lng v nhu cu, c trm s dng thit b OSN
3500, c trm s dng thit b OSN 7500 n tn hiu 10G trn DWDM kt cui ra
khch hng
Cc dch v c bo v theo cng ngh chuyn mch quang t ng ASON.
Chi tit quy hoch cc bc sng v thc t s dng cc thit b c cho theo s
di y:

Hnh 1.4: Topo lp SDH mng North - Rings
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1.3. Mng Backbone 120Gbps.
1.3.1. Tng qut
Mng c trin khai nm 2003, s dng thit b Nortel vi dung lng 20Gbps,
sau 3 ln m rng hin ti dung lng 120Gbps:
Lp SDH: S dng dng sn phm TN4T, OM4200, OME6500BB
Lp WDM: S dng dng sn phm LH1600G, OME6500BB.
Mng gm 4 vng Ring, vi cc node chnh l: HNI, VIH, DNG, QNN, HCM vi
dung lng 120G mi Ring
Mng s dng 3 loi cu hnh chnh: OADM, REGEN,AMP
Cc dch v c th cung cp:
2M/34M/45M
STM1/STM4/STM16.
GE
Mng Backbone 120G s dng bo v MS-SPRing cho Ring v MSP 1+1 cho bo
v nhnh.
1.3.2. Cc lp ca mng Backbone 120Gb
1.3.2.1. Lp WDM
Thit b LH1600G lm nhim v truyn dn tn hiu quang tc 120Gbps s
dng cng ngh ghp bc sng quang mt cao DWDM.
Thit b OME6500BB thc hin cc chc nng iu khin min tn hiu in:
iu ch, m ha, nh thi, qut v b tn sc. Ngoi ra, n cn c chc nng chuyn i
tn hiu SDH thnh tn hiu WDM bc sng mu.

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Hnh 1.5: Topo lp WDM mng Backbone 120Gbps
1.3.2.2. Lp SDH
OM4200 l h thng ghp knh xen/r vi tc tn hiu ti a n STM16. y
l mt h thng ghp knh kh linh hot h tr nhiu cu hnh hot ng, nhiu kiu kt
ni cng nh cho php xen/r nhiu tc khc nhau vi cc cu trc tn hiu t PDH
n SDH.
Cc cu hnh hot ng: OM4200 c th hot ng trong cc cu hnh khng c
bo v hoc c bo v: Liner, xen/r, Ring xen/r, Hub,
Cc cu hnh bo v c h tr: MSP (1+1 multiplex section protection), PPS
(Path Protection Switching), CP (Card Protection)
TN-4T l thit b ghp knh m rng cung cp 2 card giao tip quang tc STM-
4 v ti a 8 card giao tip I/O 2Mbps cho php kt ni 225 lung s tc 2Mbit/s, kt
ni cc tn hiu 2Mbit/s vo tn hiu STM-4 quang. TN-4T h tr rt hn ch kiu kt ni
cng nh cc cu hnh hot ng v c ch bo v.




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1.4. Mng Backbone 240Gbps
1.4.1. Tng qut
Mng c trin khai nm 2008 s dng thit b Nortel vi dung lng 80Gbps (8
bc sng 10Gbps), sau m rng nm 2012 ln 240Gbps:
SDH: S dng dng sn phm OME6500, OME6500DD, HDXc.
WDM: S dng dng sn phm CPL, OME6500BB.
Mng gm 6 vng Rings chnh vi cc node chnh l:HNI,VHI, DNG, QNN,
PRG, HCM v 1 vng Rings HCM-CTO vi dung lng 65G.
S dng 2 loi OUT 10Gbps v 40Gbps.
Cc dch v c th cung cp:
2M/STM1/STM4/STM16/STM64.
ODU2
Mng Backbone 240Gbps s dng bo v MS-SPRing cho Ring v MSP 1+1 cho
bo v nhnh.
1.4.2. Cc lp ca mng Backbone 240Gbps.
1.4.2.1. Lp WDM

Hnh 1.6: Topo lp WDM mng Backbone 240Gbps
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HDXc thc hin cc chc nng OAM (vn hnh h thng, qun tr v bo tr).
Ngoi ra HDXc cn cung cp cc giao din gip cho vic c ch bo v, qun l cht
lng, n bo hiu,
Thit b OME6500BB thc hin cc chc nng iu khin min tn hiu in:
iu ch, m ha, nh thi, qut v b tn sc. Ngoi ra, n cn c chc nng chuyn i
tn hiu SDH thnh tn hiu WDM bc sng mu.
1.4.2.2. Lp SDH
CPL (Common Photonic Layer): L thit b truyn dn lp quang DWDM ca
Nortel. CPL h tr cc cu hnh sau:
Truy nhp knh
Khuch i
B lc phng li ng DGFF
Nhnh ch Y hoc T
Hnh 1.7: Topo lp SDH mng Backbone 240Gbps


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PHN II: THC TP CHUYN SU

Vi s pht trin nhanh chng ca mng Internet bng rng em n s thay
i c v ni dng v k thut truyn hnh. Hin nay, truyn hnh c nhiu dng khc
nhau: truyn hnh s, truyn hnh v tinh, truyn hnh cp, truyn hnh Internet v IPTV.
IPTV ang l cp cao nht v l cng ngh truyn hnh ca tng lai. S vt tri
trong k thut truyn hnh ca IPTV l tnh nng tng tc gia h thng vi ngi xem,
cho php ngi xem ch ng v thi gian v kh nng trin khai nhiu dch v gi tr
gia tng tin ch khc trn h thng nhm p ng nhu cu ca ngi s dng.
2.1. Tng quan v IPTV
2.1.1. Khi nim IPTV
Khi mi bt u, IPTV c gi l truyn hnh giao thc Internet (Internet
Protocol Television) hay Telco TV hoc truyn hnh bng rng (Broadband Television).
Thc cht tt c cc tn u c s dng ni n vic phn phi truyn hnh bng
rng cht lng cao hoc ni dung m thanh v hnh nh theo yu cu trn mt mng
bng rng. IPTV l mt nh ngha chung cho vic p dng phn phi cc knh truyn
hnh truyn thng, phim truyn, v ni dung video theo yu cu trn mt mng ring. T
gc nhn ca ngi s dng th IPTV hot ng nh mt chun dch v truyn hnh tr
tin. T gc nhn ca nh cung cp th IPTV bao gm vic thu nhn, x l v phn phi
chnh xc ni dung truyn hnh ti thu bao thng qua mt h tng mng s dng IP.
Theo nh ngha c a ra bi hip hi vin thng quc t tp trung vo nhm
IPTV th IPTV l cc dch v a phng tin (v d nh d liu truyn hnh, video, m
thanh, vn bn, ha) c phn phi trn mt mng IP c s qun l cung cp cc
mc yu cu v cht lng ca dch v, an ton, c tnh tng tc tin cy.
2.1.2. c tnh ca IPTV
H tr truyn hnh tng tc: Kh nng hai chiu ca h thng IPTV cho php nh
cung cp dch v phn phi ton b cc ng dng TV tng tc. Cc loi dch v c
truyn ti thng qua mt dch v IPTV c th bao gm TV trc tip chun, TV cht
lng cao (HDTV), tr chi tng tc, v kh nng duyt Internet tc cao.
S dng dch thi gian: IPTV kt hp vi mt my ghi video k thut s cho php
dch thi gian ni dung chng trnh mt c ch cho vic ghi v lu tr ni dung IPTV
xem sau.
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C nhn ha: Mt h thng IPTV t kt cui n kt cui h tr truyn thng tin
hai chiu v cho php ngi dng kt cui c nhn ha nhng thi quen xem TV ca
h bng cch cho php h quyt ng nhng g h mun xem v khi no h mun.
Yu cu v bng thng thp: Thay v phn phi trn mi knh ti ngi dng,
cng ngh IPTV cho php nh cung cp dch v ch truyn trn mt knh m ngi dng
yu cu. c im hp dn ny cho php nh iu hnh mng c th tit kim bng thng
ca mng.
C th truy xut qua nhiu thit b: Vic xem ni dung IPTV by gi khng ch
gii hn vic s dng TV. Ngi dng c th s dng my PC hay thit b di ng
truy xut vo cc dch v IPTV.
2.1.3. Cu trc mng IPTV
Phn ny s trnh by v c s h tng ca mng IPTV, a ra cc thnh phn ca
mt h thng IPTV end to end.

Hnh 2.1: M hnh h thng IPTV end to end
Trung tm d liu IPTV.
IPTV Data Center hay Headend l ni nhn ni dung t nhiu ngun khc nhau,
bao gm video ni b, cc b tp trung ni dung, cc nh sn xut ni dung v cc knh
truyn hnh v tinh, mt t, truyn hnh cp. Mi ln nhn nh vy, mt s thnh phn
phn cng khc nhau nh b gii m, cc server video, cc router IP v cc phn cng
bo an chuyn dng u c s dng chun b ni dung s c phn phi trn mng
IP. Cng vi mt h thng qun l thu bao IPTV v thuc tnh (profile) v ha n
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thanh ton. Ch rng, v tr vt l ca trung tm d liu IPTV s c xc nh bi nh
cung cp dch v s dng h tng mng.
Mng phn phi bng rng.
Vic phn phi cc dch v IPTV theo yu cu kt ni one-to-one, nu trong
trng hp vic trin khai IPTV trn din rng th s kt ni one-to-one s tng ln. Do
, yu cu v bng thng trn mng l kh ln. Nhng tin b v cng ngh mng cho
php cc nh cung cp vin thng c c mt s lng ln cc mng bng rng. Ring
mng truyn hnh cp th s dng hn hp c cp ng trc v cp quang p ng cho
vic phn phi ni dung IPTV.
Thit b khch hng IPTVCD.
Thit b khch hng IPTVCD (IPTV Consumer Device) l cc thnh phn cho
php user truy cp dch v IPTV. IPTVCD kt ni ti mng bng rng, chng m nhim
chc nng gii m, x l cc lung tn hiu ti t mng IP. IPTVCD c h tr cc k
thut tin tin ti thiu ha hoc loi tr hon ton nh hng ca cc vn v mng
khi x l ni dung IPTV. C rt nhiu dng IPTVCD nh gateway cho khu dn c, b
gii m set-top boxes, bng iu khin tr chi
Mng gia nh.
Mng gia nh lin kt cc thit b k thut s bn trong mt khu vc c din tch
nh. N ci thin thng tin v cho php chia s ti nguyn gia cc thnh vin trong gia
nh. Mc ch ca mng gia nh l cung cp quyn truy cp thng tin gia cc thit b
k thut s xung quanh nh thu bao. Vi mng gia nh, khch hng c th tit kim tin
v thi gian do vic chia s cc thit b phn cng rt tt v d dng, thng qua cc kt
ni Internet bng rng.
2.1.4. S khc bit gia IPTV v truyn hnh Internet
Do u c truyn hnh trn mng da trn giao thc IP, ngi ta i khi hay
nhm ln gia IPTV v truyn hnh Internet. Tuy nhin, hai dch v ny c nhiu im
khc nhau
Cc nn khc nhau:
IPTV s dng mng ring bo mt truyn cc ni dung video n khch hng. Cc
mng ring ny thng c t chc v vn hnh bi nh cung cp dch v IPTV.
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SVTH: Nguyn Tin Hip D08VT1 Page 13

Truyn hnh Internet s dng mng Internet cng cng phn pht cc ni dung
video n ngi s dng cui.
V mt a l:
Cc mng do nh cung cp dch v vin thng s hu v iu khin ch gii hn trong
cc khu vc a l c nh.
Mng Internet khng c gii hn v a l, ngi dng Internet no cng c th xem
truyn hnh Internet bt k u trn th gii.
Quyn s hu h tng mng:
IPTV ch c phn phi qua mt h tng mng ca nh cung cp dch v. Do ,
ngi vn hnh mng c th iu chnh c th cung cp hnh nh vi cht lng cao.
Cc ni dung video c gi qua mng Internet cng cng.
C ch truy nhp:
Mt set top box s thng c s dng truy cp v gii m ni dung video c
phn pht qua h thng IPTV.
Truyn hnh Internet thng qua PC cn phi c ci thm cc phn mm h tr ty
thuc vo loi ni dung truyn hnh Internet.
Gi thnh:
Gi thnh cc loi dch v IPTV cng gn ging vi mc ph hng thng ca truyn
hnh truyn thng.
Phn trm ni dung chng trnh c phn pht qua mng Internet cng cng t do
thay i.
2.2. Cc k thut phn phi mng IPTV
2.2.1. IPTV phn phi trn mng ADSL
ng dy thu bao k thut s bt i xng ADSL l k thut trong h xDSL
c s dng rng ri nht hin nay trn cc mng vin thng th gii. ADSL l cng
ngh kt ni im im, n cho php cc nh cung cp vin thng phn phi cc dch
v bng thng rng trn ng dy cp ng in thoi ang tn ti. N c gi l bt
i xng v thng tin c truyn t trung tm d liu ti thit b IPTVCD nhanh hn
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SVTH: Nguyn Tin Hip D08VT1 Page 14

thng tin c truyn t IPTVCD ti trung tm d liu. Cng v th c tnh kt ni im
im ca ADSL loi tr c cc bin i v bng thng ca mi trng mng chia s.
Bng vic s dng cc k thut c trng, ADSL cho php tc downstream l 8
Mbps v upstream l 1,5 Mbps. Bi vy, mt kt ni ADSL ch cho ng thi hai
knh truyn hnh qung b theo chun MPEG-2 v mt kt ni Internet tc cao. im
tr ngi chnh ca ADSL l ph thuc vo khong cch tnh t trung tm d liu ca nh
cung cp ti nh khch hng. Dch v ADSL gii hn khong cch trn l 5,5 km.
Cc thit b c s dng trin khai dch v IPTV trn mng ADSL nh trn
hnh 2.2 bao gm:
Modem ADSL: ti nh thu bao c mt b thu pht ADSL hoc modem. Modem
thng kt ni bng cng USB hoc giao tip Ethernet t mng gia nh hoc PC ti
ng line DSL. a s modem hin ny u c tch hp chc nng nh tuyn h
tr cc dch v d liu v truy cp Internet tc cao.
B lc POTS: ngi dng c kt ni vi Internet bng kt ni bng thng rng
ADSL s s dng mt thit b gi l b lc POTS lc tn hiu d liu t cc tn hiu
thoi. B lc s lc tn hiu ti thnh tn hiu tn s thp a ti in thoi v tn s cao
a ti mng gia nh.
DSLAM Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer: b gp knh truy cp ng
dy thu bao s. Ti mi tng i khu vc (Regional Office) ca nh cung cp dch v
IPTV, DSLAM nhn cc kt ni ca thu bao trn ng dy cp ng, tp hp chng li
v kt ni tr li trung tm d liu IPTV bng cp quang tc cao da trn mng ng
trc. trin khai IPTV, DSLAM thng h tr truyn dn a im (multicast) v th
khng cn phi ti to li cc knh cho tng yu cu t mt ngi xem IPTV. DSLAM
chu trch nhim trong vic phn phi ni dung IPTV t tng i khu vc ti cc thu
bao IPTV. DSLAM c hai loi l DSLAM lp 2 v DSLAM nhn bit IP.
DSLAM lp 2: hot ng ti lp 2 trong m hnh OSI v thc hin cc chc nng nh
chuyn mch lu lng gia Ethernet v ATM, chuyn tip cc lu lng mng ngc
dng (up-stream) v ngn nga can nhiu gia cc thu bao IPTV. Vic chuyn mch
gia cc mch o ATM v cc gi Ethernet ngc dng c d dng bng cch s dng
c ch bc cu.
DSLAM nhn bit IP: h tr cc giao thc IP hot ng ti lp 3 trong m hnh OSI.
Cc chc nng tin tin c tch hp trong cc DSLAM nhn bit IP l ti to cc knh
truyn hnh qung b v knh thc hin theo lnh.
Bo co thc tp tt nghip

SVTH: Nguyn Tin Hip D08VT1 Page 15


Hnh 2.2: IPTV trn cu trc mng ADSL
2.2.2. IPTV phn phi trn mng truy cp quang
i vi IPTV th yu cu v bng thng ln nhng chi ph hot ng phi thp v
trnh c cc can nhiu. Do , ngi ta quan tm ti vic s dng mng cp quang
ang c sn trin khai cc dch v IPTV. Cc lin kt cp quang cung cp cho khch
hng u cui mt kt ni chuyn dng tt nht thun tin cho vic tip nhn ni dung
IPTV. Cc cng ngh v sn xut si quang gn y cho kh nng bng thng ln hn, t
c th thc thi mt trong cc cu trc mng sau:
Cp quang ti khu vc vn phng (FTTRO Fiber to the regional office): si quang
t trung tm d liu IPTV ti khu vc vn phng mt cch gn nht c lp t bi cc
cng ty vin thng hoc cng ty cp. Sau si cp ng s c s dng truyn tn
hiu ti ngi dng u cui IPTV trong khu vc vn phng .
Cp quang ti vng ln cn (FTTN Fiber to the neighborhood): nh ta bit si
quang c tp trung ti cc node, FTTN i hi thit lp si quang t trung tm d liu
IPTV ti b chia vng ln cn. y l v tr node c khong cch nh hn 1,5 Km tnh
t nh thu bao. Vic trin khai FTTN cho php ngi dng nhn mt gi cc dch v tr
tin bao gm truyn hnh IPTV, truyn hnh cht lng cao v video theo yu cu.
Cp quang ti l ng (FTTC Fiber to the curd ): si quang c lp t t trung
tm d liu IPTV ti cc t cp c t ti l ng. T mt si dy cp ng hoc
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SVTH: Nguyn Tin Hip D08VT1 Page 16

cp ng trc c s dng ni t u cui cp quang trong t cp ti v tr thit b
IPTV ca nh thu bao.
Cp quang ti nh khch hng (FTTH Fiber to the home): vi si quang ti nh
khch hng, ton b cc nh tuyn t trung tm d liu IPTV ti nh khch hng u
c kt ni bi si quang ny. FTTH da trn mng quang c kh nng phn phi dung
lng d liu cao ti ngi s dng trong h thng. FTTH l h thng thng tin song
knh v h tr tnh nng tng tc ca cc dch v IPTV.
Vic phn phi nhng cu trc mng ny thng c trin khai bng hai loi mng khc
nhau mt cht l mng quang th ng v mng quang tch cc.
2.2.2.1. Mng quang th ng
Mng quang th ng PON (Passive Optical Network) l cng ngh mng kt ni
im a im. Mng s dng cc bc sng khc nhau truyn d liu t trung tm
d liu IPTV ti cc im ch m khng c cc thnh phn in. Mng quang th ng
c xy dng da trn cc mng FTTx theo cc tiu chun quc t. Tiu chun G.983
ca ITU l tiu chun ang c s dng hin nay.
Mng PON theo tiu chun G.983 bao gm mt kt cui ng quang OLT
(Optical Line Termination) c t ti trung tm d liu IPTV v mt s cc kt cui
mng quang ONT (Optical Network Termination) c lp t ti thit b u cui ngi
dng. Trong trng hp ny, cc k thut truyn ti d liu tc cao trn cp ng
c s dng (v d nh DSL) truyn cc tn hiu IPTV vo thit b u cui ca mi
h gia nh.
Kt cui ng quang OLT bao gm cp quang v cc b chia quang nh
tuyn lu lng mng ti cc kt cui mng quang ONT.
Cp quang: kt cui OLT v cc ONT khc nhau c kt ni vi nhau bng cp
quang. Vi truyn dn bng cp quang th can nhiu thp v bng thng cao. Theo tiu
chun G.983 cho php mng PON truyn cc tn hiu nh sng c s ha vi khong
cch ti a l 20 Km m khng s dng b khuch i.
B chia quang: B chia quang c s dng chia tn hiu ti thnh nhng tn hiu
n l m khng thay i trng thi ca tn hiu, khng bin i quang - in hoc in
quang. B chia quang cng c s dng kt hp nhiu tn hiu quang thnh mt tn
hiu quang n. B chia quang cho php 32 h gia nh chia s bng thng ca mng
FFTx.
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SVTH: Nguyn Tin Hip D08VT1 Page 17

Mc ch chnh ca ONT l cung cp cho cc thu bao IPTV mt giao din vi
mng PON. N nhn lung tn hiu dng nh sng, gim st a ch c gn trong cc
gi tin v chuyn i thnh tn cc tn hiu in. Kt cui ONT c th nh v bn trong
hoc bn ngoi nh thu bao, c cung cp ngun t trong nh v bao gm ccmch
vng (bypass) cho php in thoi vn hot ng bnh thng khi ngun b hng. Phn
ln cc kt cui ONT gm c mt giao din Ethernet cho ng d liu, mt cng RJ -11
cho kt ni vo h thng in thoi gia nh v mt giao din cp ng trc cung cp
cc kt ni ti Tivi. Kt cui ONT cng lm nhim v chuyn i d liu thnh tn hiu
quang truyn trn mng PON.
Hnh 2.3 miu t cu trc mng PON c bn c xy dng h tr phn phi
cc dch v IPTV v Internet tc cao cho su h gia nh khc nhau. Nh trn hnh
2.3, mt si quang n c ko t trung tm d liu IPTV ti mt b chia quang, v tr
ca b chia quang c t rt gn nh thu bao. Bng thng trn si quang c chia s
v c kh nng h tr dung lng cao t 622 Mbps ti vi Gbps.
Mng PON trn hnh 2.3 cng m t 3 loi bc sng truyn dn khc nhau. Bc
sng u tin c s dng mang lu lng Internet tc cao. Bc sng th hai
c ch nh mang cc dch v IPTV v bc sng th ba c th c s dng mang
lu lng tng tc t nh thu bao tr li nh cung cp dch v. Trn hnh 2.3 cng m
t thit b ghp knh theo bc sng WDM, WDM c lp t ti trung tm d liu
IPTV v bn trong kt cui OLT cho php mng PON h tr truyn dn nhiu knh song
song hoc nhiu bc sng trn mt si quang. Nh vy, s to mt s knh quang o
trn mt si quang n. Trong WDM, dung lng ca mng c tng ln bng vic gn
bc sng bt u t ngun quang n cc bc sng ring bit trn ph tn truyn dn
quang.
Bo co thc tp tt nghip

SVTH: Nguyn Tin Hip D08VT1 Page 18


Hnh 2.3: Mng IPTV FTTH s dng cng ngh PON
C 3 cng ngh mng PON l BPON, EPON v GPON h tr c truyn hnh v
tuyn truyn thng v IPTV. Chi tit c th hin trong bng 2.1
Bng 2.1: So snh cc cng ngh mng PON
Tiu chun ITU-T Tc d liu Giao thc truyn dn
BPON G.983
Up:155 Mbps Ch yu l ATM v IP trn
Down: 622 Mbps Ethernet cng c s dng
GPON G.984
Up: 1,5 Gbps
Ethernet v SONET
Down: 2,5 Gbps
EPON P.802.3ab
Up: 1,25 Gbps
Gigabit Ethernet
Down: 1,25 Gbps


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SVTH: Nguyn Tin Hip D08VT1 Page 19

2.2.2.2. Mng quang tch cc
Mng quang tch cc AON (Active optical network) s dng cc thnh phn in
gia trung tm d liu IPTV v u cui ngi dng. Trong thc t, cu trc mng AON
s dng cc chuyn mch Ethernet t ti v tr gia trung tm d liu IPTV v im kt
cui ca mng cp quang.
2.2.3. IP phn phi trn mng truyn hnh cp
Cc mng truyn hnh cp truyn thng CATV (Cable Television) c c s
vt tri trong vic phn phi hng trm knh truyn hnh ng thi ti hng ngn user.
Mi user c th chn mt knh bt k trong hng trm knh ch n gin bng cch d
Tivi hoc thng qua b gii m STB. Cc h thng ny d dng thm cc thu bao mi
bng cch tch v khuch i tn hiu. Trong qu kh, tnh tng tc b gii hn hoc
khng c s dng ti tt c cc h thng, tt c ni dung ch gi trc tip ti ngi
xem.
Ngy nay cc nh khai thc CATV bt u tm kim cc h thng phn phi
video vi nhiu ci tin, iu cho php h a ra dch v triple-play video, voice v
dch v d liu. Cng ngh IP l cng ngh nn tng cho vic hi t cc dch v khc.
Cc nh khai thc truyn hnh cp c nhng u t quan trng nng cp mng ca
h, h tr cho vic trin khai cc dch v tin tin IPTV. hiu vic phn phi ni dung
IPTV trn mng truyn hnh cp v mt cng ngh trong vn ny, trc tin ta cn c
cc khi nim c bn v mng hn hp HFC.
2.2.3.1. Tng quan v k thut HFC
Nu mng truyn hnh cp c th s dng trn cc vng c th th khch hng c
th truy cp IPTV t mng da trn k thut cp quang, cp ng trc hn hp HFC
(hybrid fiber/coax). K thut HFC ni n mt s cu hnh mng hn hp ca cp quang
v cp ng trc c s dng phn phi li cc dch v truyn hnh k thut s. Cc
mng xy dng da trn k thut HFC c mt s c tnh thun li chuyn giao cho cc
dch v th h mi nh sau:
Mng HFC c kh nng truyn dn ng thi c tn hiu s v tn hiu tng t. y
l c tnh rt quan trng cho cc nh khai thc mng.
Mng HFC c th chung ha gia vic tng dung lng v cc yu cu tin cy ca
mt h thng IPTV. c im tng c dung lng ca h thng HFC cho php cc nh
khai thc mng trin khai thm cc dch v m khng cn phi thay i ton b cu trc
mng.
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SVTH: Nguyn Tin Hip D08VT1 Page 20

c tnh vt l ca cp ng trc v cp quang h tr mng hot ng tc vi
Gbps.

Hnh 2.4: Mng HFC end to end
Nh trn hnh 2.4 ta thy cu trc ca mng HFC gm c ng trc chnh l cp
quang kt ni theo cc node quang ti mng cp ng trc. Node quang hot ng nh
mt giao tip, n kt ni cc tn hiu upstream v downstream i ngang qua mng cp
quang v cp ng trc. Phn mng cp ng trc ca mng HFC s dng topology cy-
phn nhnh, cc thu bao truyn hnh kt ni ti mng HFC theo mt thit b c bit gi
l b chia cp Tap. Tn hiu truyn hnh s c pht t trung tm d liu ti cc node
quang. Node quang phn phi tn hiu thng qua cp ng trc, b khch i v b chia
cp Tap ti khch hng.
2.2.3.2. IPTV phn phi trn mng truyn hnh cp
Vic chuyn mt mng da trn tn s v tuyn RF(Radio Frequency) sang mng
chuyn mch video s SDV (Switched Digital Video) trn nn IP, d bng cch no th
vn cn phi lp t mt s thit b mi t cc router ti b gii m IP STB (Set- top box)
v cc switch tc cao. Mt s u th ca vic trin khai sang mng chuyn mch
SDV:
Mt s lng ln bng thng ca mng s c d tr bi v nh khai thc ch nhn
c yu cu pht mt knh truyn hnh n l ti b gii m STB. y r rng l s tri
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SVTH: Nguyn Tin Hip D08VT1 Page 21

ngc vi cc h thng c m tt c cc knh u c pht qung b trn mng v
cc knh khng s dng vn chim gi bng thng.
Bng thng d tha cho php cc nh khai thc mng cp truyn hnh c th phn
phi cc dch v v ni dung IPTV ti thu bao ca h.
Nhng nh khai thc mng cp truyn hnh c th o c v gim st mt cch chnh
xc ni dung xem ca mi thu bao. y l mt c tnh quan trng cho cc nh khai
thc mun to thm doach thu bng qung co.
Mt s thit b phn cng c m t trn hnh 2.4 bao gm:
Switch hay Router GigE: GiE (Gigabit Ethernet) ni ln nh l mt giao thc vn
chuyn c la chn kt ni cc thnh phn mng IP. GigE thng c s dng
cho cc ng dng i hi dung lng cao, v d nh VoD. Router GigE tp hp lu
lng IPTV v cung cp cc kt ni ti mng truy cp li.
Mng truyn dn quang: mng li cung cp con ng mng gia video server trong
trung tm ni dung v cc b iu ch ti cc bin ca mng. Mng li c th l mng
quang ng b SONET, mng ATM v mng ghp knh phn chia theo mt bc
sng DWDM.
B iu ch bin: cc b iu ch c t ti cc tng i khu vc nhn ni dung
IPTV t mng li, chuyn i ni dung t cc gi IP sang RF v phn phi trn mng
HFC ti b gii m STB.
Trn y ch l mt v d v trin khai IPTV cp quy m ln v s dng cu trc
theo bc thng qua vic thit lp cc trung tm d liu phn phi theo vng. Trong m
hnh trn tt c ni dung u c iu ch thnh cc sng mang RF v c bin dch
thnh RF bng rng ng ra, thng nm trong di t 50 cho ti 860 MHz. Mt s h
thng hot ng vi tn s ln ti 1 GHz, vi cc tn s cao thng c dnh ring cho
cc dch v thoi v d liu. T trung tm d liu ca nh cung cp, mt ng trung k
ln c s dng phn phi tn hiu bng rng ti cc Hub phn phi. T Hub phn
phi, tn hiu bng thng rng c gi ti mng truyn dn quang, thng qua mng
HFC, cc tn hiu bng rng c gi ti cc b STB trong nh khch hng.
Bo co thc tp tt nghip

SVTH: Nguyn Tin Hip D08VT1 Page 22


Hnh 2.5: M hnh trin khai cu trc mng IPTV cp kt hp IP v RF
2.3. Tnh hnh pht trin IPTV Vit Nam
2.3.1. Tnh hnh pht trin dch v IPTV ca VNPT
Tp on Bu chnh Vin thng Vit Nam (VNPT) hin l nh cung cp cc dch
v vin thng v Internet ln nht vi th phn rng nht ti Vit Nam, chim 48% th
phn thu bao bng rng ti Vit Nam.
Ngy 28/9/2009 Cng ty VASC thuc tp on VNPT chnh thc cung cp
dch v IPTV vi thng hiu MyTV v slogan Nhng g bn mun. Ch sau 4 thng
ra ra mt tnh n ngy 10/ 3/2010, MyTV c cung cp ti 36 tnh/thnh vi hn
15.000 thu bao. n nay MyTV trin khai 64/64 tnh thnh ca Vit Nam ch sau hn
1 nm. y l mt thnh cng ln ca VNPT. Dch v MyTV nhn c s cho n
nng nhit t khch hng c bit l khu vc min Bc.
Cc chng trnh v dch v ang cung cp trn MyTV kh phong ph v nhiu
tnh nng ni tri, Cc chng trnh v dch v l:
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SVTH: Nguyn Tin Hip D08VT1 Page 23

Truyn hnh (Live TV): LiveTV tng t nh dch v truyn hnh truyn thng. Hin
nay h thng ca MyTV cung cp 71 knh truyn hnh. Nhng vi cng ngh IPTV,
khch hng s c th s dng thm nhiu tnh nng c bit khc: tm dng, lu tr, kha
chng trnh khng dnh cho tr em.
Phim theo yu cu (VOD): Dch v ny cho php khch hng la chn v xem phim
lu li trn server
Karaoke (KoD): mang n cho khch hng danh sch nhng bi ht c a chung
trong nc v quc t.
Truyn hnh theo yu cu (TVoD): Dch v ny cho php bn la chn v xem li cc
chng trnh pht trc .
m nhc (MoD): Dch v ny cho php khch hng la chn v nghe, xem cc clip,
video clip ca nhc t th vin ca nh cung cp.
Game theo yu cu (GoD): Dch v cho php chi cc game t danh sch c
nh sn n STB. Ngi dng tr ph cho vic chi game.
Tip th truyn hnh (Tele Marketing): Mang n cho khch hng s dng MyTV
cc thng tin v sn phm, dch v la chn v mua sm.
Chia s nh v clip (Media sharing): Tnh nng ny cho php khch hng MyTV c
th to, lu tr v qun l cc album nh, clip ca mnh.
Ngoi ra, cc giai on tip theo s c cc dch v tng t nhng vi cht lng cao
(High Definition) v thm mt s dch v gia tng gi tr khc.
2.3.2. Tnh hnh pht trin dch v IPTV ca FPT
Dch v IPTV ca FPT cung cp ra th trng vi thng hiu iTV vi slogan:
Mun g xem ny. Dch v iTV kh a dng vi nhiu tin ch gii tr:
Truyn hnh: Cc knh truyn hnh trong v ngoi nc c sc, chn lc.
Phim truyn: Kho phim MI, phong ph, th loi, c cp nht hng tun.
Thiu nhi: Th gii mun mu ca cc thin thn nh tui t phim, hot hnh n ca
nhc,
Vn ha - Th thao: Ni tng hp cc s kin ni bt bng cc on video clip sng
ng, chn thc.
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SVTH: Nguyn Tin Hip D08VT1 Page 24

Ca nhc: Sn khu si ng vi cc album nhc ca cc ca s ni ting, cc s kin
m nhc.
Th gin: Gm nhng clip ngn vi mc ch mang li nhng giy pht gii tr th v,
gip khn gi qun i nhng mt mi hng ngy.
c bo: Tin tc nng hi c cp nht hng gi.
2.3.3. Tnh hnh pht trin IPTV ca VTC
Thng 04 nm 2009, VTC Digicom phi hp vi mt s Vin thng cc tnh,
thnh ph chnh thc bt u trin khai dch v IPTV. Cho n nay dch v IPTV ca
VTC Digicom cung cp gn 100 knh truyn hnh trong c 30 knh truyn hnh
phn gii cao theo chun HD (High Definition), VTC cn xy dng thnh cng kho d
liu khng l vi hn 3000 b phim c sc c thuyt minh ph ting Vit, gn 2000
video ca nhc cng mt h thng cc phim ti liu hp dn khc phc v cho VoD. c
bit IPTV ca VTC Digicom s song hnh cng gii ngoi hng Anh, vi tnh nng xem
li cc trn bng , cc chng trnh tng hp gii ngoi hng Anh.
La chn cng ngh nn hiu qu (MPEG-4) VTC Digicom hin lm ch h
thng c th p ng v nng lc cho 100.000 thu bao cng vi nn truy nhp bng rng
ADSL 2+c tc download 25 Mb/s trong khong cch 1.5 km, bng thng rng ti
2.2 MHz. Ngoi ra vi xu th Quang ha trn mng li Vin thng hin nay th cc
nh cung cp dch v c mt h tng tt hn hn cung cp dch v IPTV so vi
trc y.
Cho n nay VTC l n v ang l n v i u trong vic nghin cu, pht trin
v cung cp dch v truyn hnh s bao gm Truyn hnh k thut s, Truyn hnh
phn gii cao (VTCHD) v IPTV. nh hng ca VTC l tp trung pht trin h thng
cung cp ni dung truyn hnh s v dch v gi tr gia tng trn nn vin thng vn l th
mnh ca VTC.
Do c im th trng ca tng vng min khc nhau (v phong tc, cch hng
th cuc sng) nn p ng nhu cu ti tng a phng VTC Digicom s hp
tc vi cc n v Vin thng ca VNPT cung cp cc chng trnh truyn hnh. Ti mi
a phng IPTV ca VTC s c mt thng hiu ring to ra s gn gi, gn b ca
ngi dn a phng, gip h d tip cn dch v (IPTV) hn. V d: Hi Phng c
VipTV, Thanh Ha c LamSonTV, Nng c SongHanTV, Lm ng l
MimosaTV, cn TpHCM l SaigonTV, v cn rt nhiu thng hiu khc nhau cc
tnh v thnh ph trn c nc.
Bo co thc tp tt nghip

SVTH: Nguyn Tin Hip D08VT1 Page 25

NH HNG N TT NGHIP

Trong sut bn nm hc tp ti Hc Vin Cng Ngh Bu Chnh Vin Thng em
cng thy thm yu thch cng vic ca mt k s Vin Thng trong tng lai. V trong
b chuyn ngnh Chuyn Mch, Thng Tin Di ng, Mng Vin Thng, Thng Tin
Quang th em c bit yu thch b mn Thng Tin Quang v quyt nh la chn hng
bo v n tt nghip v mng ny v tn ti em d nh thc hin l:K thut
OFDM trong h thng Coherent.
L do em la chn ti ny do mt s nguyn nhn sau:
Th nht, h thng thng tin quang Coherent c nhng u im vt tri hn so
vi cc h thng thng tin quang khc v:
nhy thu thp: iu ny cho php ko di khong cch gia hai trm lp, tng tc
truyn dn trong cc tuyn thng tin ng trc v tng s knh trong mng ni ht
hoc thu bao

Nng cao kh nng truyn dn: Dung lng truyn dn ca h thng l rt ln. V d,
trong vng bc sng 1550nm th h thng c th truyn c khong 10
9
knh thoi
tng ng.

Kh nng kt hp gia thu coherent v k thut khuch i quang c th to nn cc
tuyn thng tin s c dung lng truyn dn ln v ko di khong cch cc trm lp (c
th ln ti 10000km).
Th hai, k thut iu ch OFDM c chng minh qua thc tin l mt trong
nhng phng php iu ch kh thi nht ti thi im hin ti. Trong di ng, k thut
OFDM c s dng ng xung c cng ngh LTE v Wimax, nhng ng c vin
s mt cho cng ngh 4G trong tng lai. K thut ny cho php s dng hiu qu ph
tn s, c th gii quyt vn tn sc do knh truyn si quang gy ra. K thut OFDM
iu ch tn hiu in trc khi chuyn thnh tn hiu quang truyn i s lm cho
thi gian mi symbol c ko di thm, t c th lm gim c nh hng ca tn
sc trong si quang.
Chnh v nhng l do trn, em la chn ti vi mc ch l kt hp cc u im
ca k thut OFDM v h thng thng tin quang Coherent.

Bo co thc tp tt nghip

SVTH: Nguyn Tin Hip D08VT1 Page 26

ti ca em s gm c nhng ni dung sau:
Tng quan v k thut OFDM
Cc khi nim c bn v h thng thng tin quang
Qu trnh x l tn hiu trong h thng CO-OFDM (Coherent OFDM)
M phng v kt qu
Hng pht trin ti trong tng lai
Trn y l nhng ni dung m em d nh s thc hin. Do kin thc v k nng
cn hn ch nn em rt hy vng nh c s gp v gip ca thy c trong Hc
Vin em c mt nh hng tt nht v nhng ti liu cn thit gip em c th hon
thnh tt bo co tt nghip. Em xin chn thnh cm n.