bghJ ghll - 2009 fj

gjh tF
jiy
I. fzfS
rhfS

ghlbghU

mKf
fz
braghLf
gf
O khf
f
vLJfhLf
kW
btglf
_y rghj
n( A B C )

Nu
rhf

vghfgL fw isf

II. bkbaf
bjhltir
kW bjhl

mKf

bjhl tirf
TL

ntisf
vif

fF cf

ghit - fzf mogil

fUJUf
fzf khW g, nr
g, gL gid J
bfhs (_W fzf tiu)
fzf u fis J
bfhSj
O khf fis J
bfhs; btglf _y
%j
fis gagL,
btglf thyhf
tha fzFfSF
fhQj
rh tiuiw kW mt
tiff FL Kiwf g
mJ bfhSj
va vLJfhLf _y
rh tiffis J
bfhSj

TLbjhl kW bgUF
bjhl tirfis flJ
J bfhSj
TLbjhl kW bgUF

26

tot mQF Kiw

gagLJj fF
fUahf f
totfis

27

midJ
sffSF
btglfis
gagLJj
rhfSF bghUa,
kUJt, ma
kW wJiwUJ
vLJfhLfis
mj

77

bghJ ghll - 2009 fj

jiy

ghlbghU

III. afj

bjhl
bgUF
bjhl
bjhl
bjhF

xU go
rkghLfSF
fhQj
gYW
nfhitf

vghfgL fw isf

bjhFKiw
tFj

.bgh.t.
.bgh.k

jKW
nfhitf
tf _y
Ugo
rkghLf

ntisf
vif

fF cf

bjhl bghJ cWid fL

gagLJj
TL bjhl kW bgUF
bjhlf n cWf
TLjiy fLoj
bjhl bjhF, y jtif v
bjhFf TLj (n, n2,
n3)

gagLJj
totfis
gagL
Nufis bgWj
thif cik
NiyfUJ
vLJfhLf
mj

xUfik xUgo rkghLfis

f KiwY FWF
bgUf KiwY fhQj
Ugo gYW nfhit
aF, FzffSF
cs bjhlid J
bfhs
Ukhf cs xU nrho
xUgo rkghLf g mJ
bfhSj
bjhFKiw tFj Kiw
_y gYW nfhit <,
fhQj
bjhFKiw tFj Kiwid
gagL gYW nfhitia
fhu gLj
jKW nfhit bgU bghJ

sfJl Toa
vLJfhLf
fF fUfshf
sfglfis
gagLJj
bjhlf . bgh. t.
kW . bgh. k. it
id Tj
df
brafSl xLj
vf tf
_yJl xLj
afj Kiwgo
tiuglKiwgo
_yf
jikid ja
khztfF cjj

40

78

bghJ ghll - 2009 fj

jiy

ghlbghU

vghfgL fw isf

fF cf

ntisf
vif

tFF, W bghJ
klF cs ntWghoid
mj
jKW nfhitfis
vikgLj (va fzFf)
tf _yij J bfhs
Ugo rkgho l totkhd
ax2+bx+c=0, a0 J
bfhSj
fhugLj, tfij
KGikgLJj id
gagLj nghw Kiwfis
gagL Ugo rkghoF
fhz (bk v f
kL)
tha fzFf Ugo
rkghoid gagL
ilfhQj
b2-4ac-F rkgho f
jikF cs bjhlig
mj
bfhLfgl _yfis
bfhL Ugo rkghLfis
mikj

79

bghJ ghll - 2009 fj

jiy
IV. mf

ghlbghU

mKf
mf
tiff
mf
TlY
fjY
mf
bgUf
m rkghL

vghfgL fw isf

V. Mabjhiy
tot fj

mKf
ghit - U
fSF
ilgl
bjhiy
thghL,
ika
Nu,
eLnfhL
ika
Knfhz,

fF cf

ntisf
vif

m mik kW mf
tiria flj
mf tiffis bjJ
bfhSj
mfis Tl ff
mj
mfis khfsh
bgUFj, iu-w khw
mia fLoj
mfis bgUFj (2 x 2,
2 x 3, 3 x 2 mf)
Ukhfis bfhl xU
nrho xUgo rkghLfis
mKiw j

brtf mik
tirgLjgl
vfis ga
gLJj thif
cik
Niyfis
gagLJj
fzF brafis
gagLJj

16

U fSF ilgl
bjhiyid idTj
thghoid
gagL U fis
izF nfhLJoid
cwkhf f mj kW
mjid gagL
ikaia flj
Knfhz gugsit
fzLj
nenfho rhid

Knfhzf kW
ehfuf bjhlghd
va toa
Kofis ga
gJjiy rghj
y = mx + c vw
mikigJtf
iyahf bfhs

25

80

bghJ ghll - 2009 fj

jiy

ghlbghU

ehfu
gugs
nenfhL

vghfgL fw isf

VI. toa

rrkj
mogil njw
(%gzJl)
rrkj
mogil
njw
kWjiy
(%gzJl)
nfhz U

fF cf

ntisf
vif

fLoj
bfhLfgl tufis
bfhL nenfho
rkghoid fhz :
rh btLJL
mik, rh
mik, uL f
mik, btL JL
mik nghw
mikid bfhl
nenfho rkghil
flj
bfhLfgl nenfhoF
xU tna brY (i)
izahd (ii) brFjhd
nfho rkghoid
fhQj
njwid J bfhL
mtid v
fzFfSF gagL
ca fhz

fhj ko rkiu
kW khwf
Egfis
bragLJj
Kiwahd %gzij
mj cUtfis
tiuj glfSl
jUf Kiw
%gzij
gogoahf s

20

81

bghJ ghll - 2009 fj

jiy

ghlbghU

VII.Knfhza

VIII. msa

vghfgL fw isf

fF cf

rkbto njw
(%gzJl)
nfhz U
rkbto
njw
kWjiy
(%gzJl)
tobthj
Knfhzf
(njwfSF
%gz
yhk)

ntisf
vif

thj

mKf
KbwhUikf
caufS
ufS

mKf
cUis, T,
nfhs,
miunfhs

Knfhza
KbwhUikfis J
bfhL mtiw va
fzFf gagLJj
Knfhza jfis
J bfhL caufis,
ufis fla
gagLJj (uL
brnfhz KnfhzfSF
fhk Uj ntL)

afj
Nufis
gagLJj
Knfhza
KbwhUikfis
gagLJj
kf njhuha
jikid
sFj

21

cUis, T, nfhs,
miunfhs kW
ilfl t wgu
kW fd ms fhQj

Kgkhd khfis
gagL TL
totfis
clhFj.

24

82

bghJ ghll - 2009 fj

jiy

ghlbghU

IX. brKiw
toa

X. tiuglf

vghfgL fw isf

kW
ilfl
t
wgu kW
fd ms
TL fd
cUtf
wgu kW
fd ms
khwh fd
msf

mKf
tlfSF
bjhLnfhLf
tiuj
Knfhz
tiuj
tl ehfu
tiuj

mKf
Ugo

fF cf

ntisf
vif

glfis
khfis
fF fUfshf
gagLJj
thif cik
NHfUJ
vLJfhLfis
njbjLj

TL cUtf (uL TL
cUtf kL) t
wgu kW fd ms
fhQj
khwh fd msf rhj
fzFf.

tlfSF bjhLnfhLf
tiuj
bfhLfgl mogf,
c nfhzij bfhL
Knfhz tiuj
Knfhz ikanfhL,
FJnfhL, U rk TL
nfhL Matiw tiuj
tl ehfu tiua mj

bjhLf
sfSF
afj
rghjiy mKf
gLJj tiujYF
K tlfYs
nfhzf
gfis id
Tj mKiw
toa
bghUjkhd
njwfis id
Tj

15

tiugl _y Ugo
rkghoF fhQj

afj
gaghLF K

10

83

bghJ ghll - 2009 fj

jiy

ghlbghU

XI. a

XII. f jf

vghfgL fw isf

fF cf

ntisf
vif

rkghLf
tiuglf
y w
tiuglf

y w tiuglfis
tiuj
(y a x, y a 1/x, xy= k " x, y > 0)
kW tha fzFfis
tiuglfis gagL
fhQj

ika iy
nghF
msitf
gut
msitf

bjhFfgl tufSF
ruhr, iliy ms, KfL
(xU KfLF fhk Uj)
Matiw J bfhs
ntL
gut msitfshd R,
jugLa yf, yf
tf ruhr Matiw
J bfhs

njf, isahL
nghof Mat
Kof nghw
cik thif
NHfis
gagLJj

16

mKf
f jf fUa
mQFKiw

rkth nrhjid, TWbt

f, xiwbahW
yF ff, u
f, cW f, ayh
f, fjf Tl
njw Matiw J
bfhs

ehzafis

RLj, gfil vj,

L vLj
Mat glf
kW Mjjiy
gagLJj

15

UgorkghL
tiuglf tiua
njtahd wfis
vLJ Tw
thif cik
NHfis
mKfgLJj

84