'

+
+
2 22 1 21 2
2 12 1 11 1
U h I h I
U h I h U
e e
e e

'

+
+
2 22 1 21 2
2 12 1 11 1
U h I h I
U h I h U
b b
b b

Conexiunea emitor comun
EC

Ordine de mrime (uzuale):
k h 10
11

2
21
10 h
4
12
10

h S h
5
22
10

Deoarece
12
h
si
22
h
au ordine de mrime foarte mici practic aceti termeni se pot
neglija dac se accept o eroare ! 10 5 "
Conexiunea baz comun BC
Conexiunea colector comun CC

Tranzistoare echivalente
#n tranzistor $n cone%iune &' poate fi cuplat $n sase moduri cu o impedant" (e
propunem s determinm parametrii )i*rizi ec)i+alen,i pentru cuadripolii rezulta,i (De fapt se

'

+
+
2 22 1 21 2
2 12 1 11 1
U h I h I
U h I h U
c c
c c
o*,ine un tranzistor ec)i+alent de acelai tip)" -n ta*elul urmtor sunt prezenta,i parametrii
ec)i+alen,i:
.
11
h
11
h R +
11
11
h R
Rh
+
22
11
1 Rh
h NR
+
+
11
h
22
11
1 Rh
h hR
+
+
11
11
h R
Rh
+
.
21
h
21
h
11
21
h R
Rh
+
22
22 21
1 Rh
Rh h
+

21
h
22
21
1 Rh
h
+

,
_

+ R
h
h
h R
R
11
21
11
.
12
h
12
h
11
12
h R
Rh
+
22
22 12
1 Rh
Rh h
+
+
12
h
22
12
1 Rh
h
+

,
_

+
+ R
h
h
h R
R
11
12
11
.
22
h
22
h
,
_

+
+ R
h
h
h R
R
22
11 22
22
1 Rh
h
+ R
h
1
22
+
22
22
1 Rh
h
+

,
_

+
+ R
N
h
h R
R
22
11
.
h
R h h
22
+
h
h R
R

+
11
22
22
1 Rh
Rh h
+
+
R
h
h
11
+
22
1 Rh
h
+

,
_

+
+ R
h
h
h R
R
11
11
.
N
R h N
22
+
,
_

+
+ R
h
N
h R
R
11
11
22
1 Rh
N
+
R
h
N
11
+
22
22
1 Rh
Rh N
+
+
N
h R
R
11
+
)/)
11
)
22
0)
21
)
12
1 (/)
21
0)
12
212) 1
Tranzistoare compuse
Darlington

3uper 4 3uper D

'ascod

5
11
. .
11
.
22
. .
11
. .
11
1 h h
h N h
+
+
. .
11
.
22
. .
11
. .
11
1 h h
h h h
+
+
. .
11
.
22
. .
11
. .
11
1 h h
h N h
+
+
. .
11
.
22
. .
. .
11
. .
11
. .
h h N
h h h N
+
+
5
21
. .. . .. . ..
21 21 21 21 22 11
. ..
22 11
1
h h h h h h
h h
+ +
+
. .
11
.
22
. .
21
.
21
1
) 1 (
h h
h h
+
+
. .
11
.
22
. .
21
.
21
1
) 1 (
h h
h h
+
+
. .
11
.
22
. .
. . . .
21
.
21
) (
h h N
h h h
+
+
5
12
. .
11
.
22
. .
12
.
12
. .
11
.
22
. .
12
.
12
1 h h
h h h h h h
+
+ +
. .
11
.
22
.
12
. .
12
1
) 1 (
h h
h h
+

. .
11
.
22
. .
12
.
12
1
) 1 (
h h
h h
+

. .
11
.
22
. .
.
12
. .
21
. .
) (
h h N
h h h
+

5
22
. .
11
.
22
.
22
. . . .
22
1 h h
h N h
+
+
. .
11
.
22
.
22
. . . .
22
1 h h
h N h
+
+
. .
11
.
22
.
22
. . . .
22
1 h h
h h h
+
+
. .
11
.
22
. .
.
22
. . . .
22
h h N
h h h
+
+
Observaie: 6ipul tranzistorului ec)i+alent este dat de tipul primului tranzistor ( 6
.
)"
Amplificatoare elementare
:
7iind dat un cuadripol electric caracterizat prin parametrii h s se determine
urmtoarele mrimi:
0 8mplificarea de curent
1
2
I
I
A
i

0 8mplificarea de tensiune
1
2
U
U
A
u

0 9mpedan,a de intrare
1
1
int
I
U
Z
0 9mpedan,a de ieire
0
2
2

e
ies
I
U
Z
Conexiuni fundamentale
EC (EM) BC (BM) CC (CM)
U
A
21
11
s
s
s
h Z
SZ
h hZ

+
21
11
( )
s
s
s
h h Z
SZ
h hZ
+

+
21 21
11 11 21
( 1) ( 1)
1
( 1)
s s
s s
h Z h Z
h NZ h h Z
+ +

+ + +
I
A
21
21
22
1
s
h
h
h Z

+
21 21
22 21
1
1
s
h h h
N h Z h
+

+ +
21
21
22
1
1
s
h
h
h Z
+

+
INT
Z
11
11
22
1
s
s
h hZ
h
h Z
+

+
11 11
22 21
1
s
s
h hZ h
N h Z h S
+

+
11
11 21
22
( 1)
1
s
s
s
h NZ
h h Z
h Z
+
+ +
+
IES
Z
11
22
g
g
h Z
h h Z
+

+
11
22
g
g
h NZ
h h Z
+

+
11 11
22 21
1
g g
g
h Z h Z
N h Z h
+ +

+ +
.
11
h
11
h R +
11
11
h R
Rh
+
:2)11
11
h
11
h
11
11
h R
Rh
+
.
21
h
21
h
11
21
h R
Rh
+
)
21 21
h
21
h
,
_

+ R
h
h
h R
R
11
21
11
.
12
h 0 0 0 0 0
11
11
h R
h
+
.
22
h 0 0 0
R
1
0
11
1
h R +
.
h
0 0 0
R
h
11
0
11
11
h R
h
+
.
N 1 1 1 12
R
h
11
1
11
h R
R
+
Darlington

3uper 4 3uper D

'ascod

5
11
. .
11
. .
11
h N h +
.
11
h
. .
11
. .
11
h N h +
.
11
h
5
21
. .
21
.
21
. .
21
.
21
h h h h + + ) 1 (
. .
21
.
21
+ h h
. .
21
.
21
) 1 ( h h +
. .
21
.
21
h h
5
12
0 0 0 0
5
22
0 0 0 0