Governing

Fuel-injection. Why does the diesel 2

engine need a governor?
Governor operation. Speed droop 4
Governor functions 7
Torque control 8
Governors An overview
Governor designation 10
Maximum-speed governors 10
Minimum-maximum-speed governors 10
Variable-speed governors 12
Combination governors 12
Governors for engine-generator sets 13
Mechanical governing
Speed-sensing mechanisms 16
Minimum-maximum-speed 16
governors RQ, RQU
Maximum-speed governors RQ, RQU 21
Variable-speed governors RQV, 21
RQUV, RQV..K, RSV, RSUV
Minimum-maximum-speed 36
governors RS, RSF
Add-on modules and shutoff devices
Control-lever stops 42
Control-rack stops 43
Manifold-pressure compensator (LDA) 47
Altitude-pressure compensator (ADA) 49
Manifold-pressure compensator, 50
absolute metering (ALDA)
Pneumatic idle-speed increase (PLA) 50
Electronic idle-speed control (ELR) 51
Anti-bucking device (ARD) 51
Port-closing sensor (FBG) 52
Rack-travel sensor (RWG) 53
Temperature-dependent starting 54
stop (TAS)
Stabilizer 56
Pneumatic shutoff device (PNAB) 57
Governor adjustment and testing 58
EDC-controlled PE in-line
fuel-injection pumps
Standard PE in-line fuel-injection 60
pumps
Control-sleeve in-line fuel-injection 66
pumps
Governors for diesel
in-line fuel-injection pumps
Mobility in this day and age is not
least of all a question of common
sense and economy.
In future, the technology without
which these considerations regard-
ing individual mobility are meaning-
less will continue to be of decisive
importance.
In the automotive sector, economi-
cal and quiet-running diesel engines
are making history.
Bosch in-line and distributor injection
pumps have played, and continue to
play, a major role in these develop-
ments. The introduction of electronic
controls (Electronic Diesel Control/
EDC), together with increased in-
jection pressures and even more
precise fuel metering, has made it
possible to further increase the
diesel engines service life, as well
as reducing its exhaust-gas emis-
sions, while at the same time even
further improving its fuel-economy
figures.
In this Technical Instruction man-
ual, from the Diesel Fuel Injection
series, you have access to a
wealth of information on a variety of
governors for different in-line fuel-
injection pumps. This includes de-
tails regarding their design and
method of functioning, as well as
interesting information concerning
maximum-speed and intermediate-
speed governing.
The appropriate PE in-line fuel-
injection pumps for the governors
are described in the Technical In-
struction manual Diesel in-line fuel-
injection pumps PE.
Mechanical governing
The Bosch mechanical (flyweight) gov-
ernors are mounted on the fuel-injection
pump whose control rack is connected
with the governor linkage. The governor
control lever is the connection to the
accelerator pedal.
Speed-sensing mechanisms
Mechanical governors use two different
designs of speed-sensing mechanism:
RQ, RQV: The governor springs are
incorporated in the flyweights, whereby
each flyweight acts directly on a spring
set which is designed specifically for a
given rated speed and for the corre-
sponding speed droop.
RSV, RS, RSF: The centrifugal force is
applied through a system of levers to the
governor spring which is located outside
the two flyweights. The force from both
flyweights presses the sliding bolt against
the tensioning lever which is being pulled
in the opposite direction by the governor
spring. With the RSV variable-speed gov-
ernor, the driver tensions the governor
spring via the control lever to select the
desired speed. With the RS and RSF
minimum-maximum-speed governors,
the governor spring is fixed at maximum
speed and cannot be influenced by the
driver.The governor springs for both forms
of speed-sensing mechanism have been
selected so that spring force and centri-
fugal force are mutually balanced at the
desired speed. When this is exceeded,
the centrifugal force from the flyweights in-
creases. A linkage system then adjusts
the control rack to provide a correspond-
ing reduction in the delivery quantity.
RQ Minimum-maximum-
speed governors
Design
The injection pumps camshaft drives the
governor hub through a vibration damp-
er. The two flyweights with their bell
cranks are held at one end in the gov-
ernor hub. Each flyweight has its own
built-in spring set. When the flyweights
move outwards due to centrifugal force,
the bell cranks transform this (radial)
movement into an axial movement at the
sliding bolt. This axial movement is trans-
ferred to the so-called slider. The slider,
which can only shift along a straight line
due to its being held by the guide pin,
provides the connection between the
flyweight speed-sensing mechanism and
the control rack by means of the variable-
fulcrum lever. There is a sliding block
guide in the variable-fulcum lever, and
the bottom end of the lever is held in the
sliding block. The movable guide block is
guided radially by the linkage lever which
itself is connected with the control lever
on the same shaft. The control lever is
shifted either by hand or through linkage
from the accelerator pedal (Figs. 2 and
3). When the position of the control lever
is changed, the guide block is shifted and
the fulcrum lever tilts around the pivot
point at the slider. When the governor
comes into effect, the guide block be-
comes the pivot point for the fulcrum
lever. The action of the sliding-block
guide and the guide block allows a vari-
able lever ratio for the fulcrum lever.
This arrangement ensures that enough
force is always available to adjust the
control rack, even in the low-idle range, in
which the centrifugal forces exerted by
the flyweights are still insufficient. The
spring sets (governor springs) in the
flyweights (Fig. 1) generally comprise
Governors
for in-line
fuel-injection
pumps
16
Flyweight for a RQ minimum-maximum-
speed governor
1 Adjusting nut, 2 Outer spring seat, 3 Maximum-
speed springs, 4 Idle-speed spring, 5 Flyweight,
6 Inner spring seat.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Fig. 1
U
M
K
1
1
8
5
Y
Mechanical
governing
17
RQ Minimum-maximum-speed governor
1 Control rack, 2 Link fork, 3 Play-compensating spring, 4 Adjusting nut, 5 Governor springs,
6 Flyweight, 7 Bell crank, 8 Sliding bolt, 9 Slider, 10 Guide pin, 11 Control lever, 12 Fulcrum lever,
13 Guide block, 14 Linkage lever.
RQ Minimum-maximum-speed governor
Stop (shutoff) position.
1 Shutoff stop,
2 Control lever,
3 Full-load stop,
4 Guide block,
5 Fulcrum lever,
6 Link fork,
7 Control rack,
8 Pump plunger,
9 Control-rod stop (spring-loaded),
10 Slider,
11 Guide pin,
12 Sliding bolt,
13 Bell crank,
14 Governor hub,
15 Adjusting nut,
16 Governor spring,
17 Flyweight,
18 Camshaft.
S
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1 2 3
4
5 6 7 8 9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
1 2
3
4
5
6
11
12
13
14
7 8 9 10
Fig. 3
Fig. 2
U
M
K
0
4
9
6
Y
U
M
K
0
4
9
4
E