Typical yield and ultimate strengths[edit]

Note: many of the values depend on manufacturing process and purity/composition.

Material
Yield
strength
(MPa)
Ultimate
strength
(MPa)
Density
(g/cm)
free breaking
length
(km)
ASTM A36 steel 250 400 7.85 3.2
Steel, API 5L X65
[9]
448 531 7.85 5.8
Steel, high strength alloy
ASTM A514
690 760 7.85 9.0
Steel, prestressing strands 1650 1860 7.85 21.6
Piano wire 22002482
[10]
7.8 28.7
Carbon Fiber (CF, CFK)

5650
[11]
1.75

High density polyethylene (HDPE) 2633 37 0.95 2.8
Polypropylene 1243 19.780 0.91 1.3
Stainless steel AISI 302 Cold-
rolled
520 860

Cast iron 4.5% C, ASTM A-48
[12]
* 172 7.20 2.4
Titanium alloy (6% Al, 4% V) 830 900 4.51 18.8
Material
Yield
strength
(MPa)
Ultimate
strength
(MPa)
Density
(g/cm)
free breaking
length
(km)
Aluminium alloy 2014-T6 400 455 2.7 15.1
Copper 99.9% Cu 70 220 8.92 0.8
Cupronickel 10% Ni, 1.6% Fe, 1%
Mn, balance Cu
130 350 8.94 1.4
Brass approx. 200+ 550 5.3 3.8
Spider silk 1150 (??) 1400 1.31 109
Silkworm silk 500 25
Aramid (Kevlar or Twaron) 3620 1.44 256.3
UHMWPE
[13][14]
20 35
[15]
0.97 400
Bone (limb) 104121 130 3
Nylon, type 6/6 45 75 2
*
Grey cast iron does not have a well defined yield strength because the stress-strain relationship is
atypical. The yield strength can vary from 65 to 80% of the tensile strength.
[16]

Elements in the annealed state
[17]


Young's modulus
(GPa)
Proof or yield stress
(MPa)
Ultimate Tensile Strength
(MPa)
Aluminium 70 1520 4050
Copper 130 33 210
Iron 211 80100 350
Nickel 170 1435 140195
Silicon 107 50009000
Tantalum 186 180 200
Tin 47 914 15200
Titanium 120 100225 240370
Tungsten 411 550 550620