KIMCHI

I. Gii thiu v kimchi.

II. Phn loi kimchi.
III. Qu trnh sn xut kimchi.
1. Cc yu t tham gia qu trnh sn xut
a. Nguyn liu lm kimchi.
b. Vi sinh vt ln men kimchi:
2. Qu trnh mui chua v ha trn.
3. Qu trnh ln men.
a. Qu trnh ln men.
b. iu kin cho s pht trin ca vi sinh vt ln men kimchi.
c. Cc yu t nh hng n qu trnh ln men kimchi.
d. c trng ha hc ca qu trnh ln men kimchi.
e. S sn xut bacteriocin ca vi khun.
4. Bo qun v phn phi.
5. c tnh cm quan.
IV. Mt s quy trnh lm kimchi in hnh.
1. Kimchi c truyn.
Baechu Kimchi (kimchi ci bp Hn Quc).
Bossam kimchi (kimchi c bao ph kn).
2. Mool kimchi.
V. Mt s sn phm kimchi trn th trng

I. Gii thiu v kimchi.

a. Khi nim
Kimchi l tn mt loi thc phm truyn thng ca
Hn Quc c ch bin t rau qu, hi sn, ...
mui (dm, ngm) bng nhiu hnh thc khc nhau,
c v cay chua mn c o trn th gii.
b. Ngun gc xut x
Theo ParK (1997), kimchi c ngun gc t cc qu
trnh mui chua Trung Quc
Ti sao kimchi pht trin Hn Quc?
- Nguyn liu rt ph bin .
- Hn Quc c k thut mui c rt ng ch .
c. Thnh phn dinh dng ca kimchi.

- Thnh phn dinh dng ca kimchi thay i ty
thuc vo thnh phn nguyn liu chnh.
- Thnh phn dinh dng chnh:
Carbohydrate khng si, Protein th
Cht X, Cht bo, Vitamin, khong cht





d. Gi tr dinh dng ca kimchi i vi sc khe.

II. Phn loi kimchi
C hai nhm kimchi c truyn v mool kimchi (vi
gii php thm mui hoc nc, nc mui )

III. Qu trnh sn xut kimchi.

1. Cc yu t tham gia qu trnh sn xut
a. Nguyn liu lm kimchi.
b. Vi sinh vt ln men kimchi:

a. Nguyn liu lm kimchi.
Nguyn liu lm kimchi chia thnh 4 nhm
chnh: Nguyn liu chnh, gia v, ph gia v cc
nguyn liu khc.

b. Vi sinh vt ln men kimchi:
Leuconostoc, Lactobacillus, Streptococus,
Pediococcus v lactococcus.
Ngoi ra ngy nay, nhiu ging vi khun khc cng
c phn lp t kimchi: Lactobacillus kimchii sp.
nov., Leuconostoc kimchii sp. nov. v Weissella
kimchii sp. nov.. Lactobacillus kimchii sp. nov

2. Qu trnh mui chua v ha trn.

Ci c ct nh thnh nhng on ngn di (3
5) cm, ra sch, ha trn vi mui (8-15)% trong
vng (2 7) h, ra nh vi nc sch v sau
ro nc.
Thi nh c ci, hnh, b thm ti, tng t v hi
sn mui, mui kh, trn u tt c li vi nhau
theo mt t l thch hp ty theo loi kimchi.
Lng mui cui cng c ha trn cho qu trnh
ln men thng xp x (2 3) %
3. Qu trnh ln men.

a. Qu trnh ln men
Sau khi x l nguyn liu v phi trn gia v tt c
cc thnh phn trn c t trong bnh ln men
y kn v cho ln men t (1 3) tun nhit
thp (2 10)
o
C hoc trong (2 3) ngy nhit
phng (20 25)
o
C. T , cc nguyn liu ban
u, nng mui, nhit , pH nh hng mnh
m n t l ln men acid lactic.

b. iu kin cho s pht trin ca vi sinh vt ln men
kimchi.
Nguyn liu, ph gia, nng mui v nhit
ln men l cc thnh phn nh hng n cht lng
kimchi v s pht trin ca vi khun.
Tc ln men ca kimchi nh hng bi nng
mui v nhit . Kimchi ti u c (0,6-0,8) %
acid, pH 4,2, mui 3%, v acid hu c bay hi cao.
Khi nng mui tng, pH thp qun th vi sinh vt
ti thiu thp v thi gian yu cu t ti a lu hn.



c. Cc yu t nh hng n qu trnh ln men
kimchi.
Nguyn liu, Mui, ng, nhit , oxy, PH mi
trng v qun th vi sinh vt nh hng n qu
trnh ln men v cht lng kimchi
d. c trng ha hc ca qu trnh ln men kimchi.
-Hiu qu to acid cng nh s pht trin ca vi khun nh
hng bi nng mui v nhit ln men. Lng acid
c to ra nhiu nng mui thp v nhit cao.
acid ti u ca kimchi l 0,6% t c trong mt ngy
30
o
C v nng mui (2,25 3,5)%, 4 ngy 5
0
C v
7,0% nng mui.
-Lng ln acid d bay hi c to ra khi nng mui
thp.
-T l acid bay hi / khng bay hi t mc ti a l
khong thi gian mi v kimchi ngon nht.
- Ngoi acid lactic v acid acetic, cc acid hu c khc
cng c tm thy trong kimchi v thnh phn ca
kimchi.
e. S sn xut bacteriocin ca vi khun.
- Bacteriocin l sn phm ca vi khun ln men
kimchi c hot tnh khng khun. Chng c to ra
bi cc vi khun bao gm Lactococci, Lactobacilli,
v Pediococci.
- Bacteriocin c to ra bi cc vi khun khng ch
c ch s pht trin ca cc vi khun c mi quan h
cn vi vi khun sn xut m cn c ch s pht trin
ca cc vi sinh vt gy bnh thc phm nh Listeria
monocytogenes v vi khun gy h.
4. Bo qun v phn phi.

Cht lng ca kimchi c th c gi trong mt
thi hn nht nh no ty thuc vo loi,
phng php sn xut, v iu kin bo qun
kimchi.


5. c tnh cm quan.

Cc nhn t nh hng n mi v ca kimchi bao
gm: ng, acid amin, acid hu c, mui, v cc
hp cht lu hunh d bay hi. Hm lng ng
c trong nguyn liu nh hng n mi v sn
phm cui v nh hng n chua v ngt
ca kimchi.

IV. Mt s quy trnh lm kimchi in
hnh.

1. Kimchi c truyn.
Baechu Kimchi (kimchi ci bp Hn Quc).
Bossam kimchi (kimchi c bao ph kn).
2. Mool kimchi.

V. Mt s sn phm kimchi trn th
trng

Kimchi c ci
Thnh phn sn
phm: Ci tho,c ci,
hnh l, hnh baro, t
bt, ti,gng, nc
mm, mui v ng
Gi bn:
20.000/0.5Kg -
39.000/1Kg
Kimchi hnh h
Thnh phn sn
phm: Hnh l, h,
mui th, c ci, hnh
loi ln, ti, gng, t
bt, nc mm, mui v
ng
Gi bn:
25.000/0.5Kg -
45.000/1Kg