TRNG H CNG NGHIP TP HCM

KHOA CNG NGH HA

Thuyt trnh Mn: CNG NGH CHT HOT NG B MT
NG DNG CHT HOT NG B
MT TRONG NNG NGHIP
GVHD : ThS. Bi Tn Ngha
Nhm TH : 2
Lp : DHHOLT
Kha : 2013 - 2014
1. Nguyn Th Kim Chi 11316971
2. Trn Cm 90244751
3. V Vn Hc 11271711
4. Hunh Tin Ngha 11266451
5. Phm Thun Lng 11291771
6. u Th Thy Phng 11023072
DANH SCH NHM 2
www.themegallery.com
NI DUNG
CHNG 1: TNG QUAN
CHNG 3: KT LUN
CHNG 2: NG DNG
CHNG 1: TNG QUAN
Cht hot ng b mt l cht c kh nng lm
gim sc cng b mt ca dung mi cha n, c
kh nng hp ph ln lp b mt, c tan tng
i nh
a du
a nc
Phn a nc( i nc, ho nc) thng
cha cc nhm carboxylate, sulfonate,
sulfate, amine bc bn Nhm ny lm
cho phn t cht hot ng b mt c i lc
ln i vi nc v b ko vo lp nc.
Phn a du ( k nc, ght nc hay i
du, ho du,) l cc gc hydrocarbon
khng phn cc k nc, khng tan trong
nc, tan trong pha hu c khng phn cc
nn b y n pha khng phn cc.
CHNG 1: TNG QUAN
CHNG 1: TNG QUAN
1 CHHBM in tch m
2
CHBM mang in tch dng
3
CHBM khng mang in tch

4 CHBM lng tnh
Khi phn ly trong nc to ra mt anion
lng cc v mt cation
Khi phn ly trong nc thnh mt cation
lng tnh v mt anion
Khi ha tan trong nc s khng phn ly
Mt phn t to nn mt ion lng cc
Cc yu t nh
hng n sc
cng b mt
khi lng
ring
nhit bn cht ca
cht tip xc
CHNG 1: TNG QUAN
Sc cng
b mt
Khi b mt tng mt gi tr ds th nng
lng b mt cng tng mt gi tr dE
s
:
dE
s
= = /
hay
/ds
CHNG 1: TNG QUAN
ng dng ca
cht hot ng b mt
CHNG 2: NG DNG
2.Cc loi ha cht nng nghip
1.Gii thiu v ha cht nng nghip
1.Gii thiu v ha cht nng nghip
Thuc bo v
thc vt
Phn loi thuc
bo v thc vt
1.Gii thiu v ha cht nng nghip
Dng thuc BVTV ng mc ch v ng k thut
Theo nguyn tc 4 ng
Khi thc s cn thit
Kt hp dng thuc vi bin php trong
h thng qun l dch hi tng hp
Lun phin thuc
ng thuc, ng lc,
ng liu lng & nng , ng cch.
CHNG 2: NG DNG
1
Ch phm th rn khi dng khng
cn ho vi nc
2
Ch phm th rn phi ho vi
nc trc khi dng
3
Ch phm th lng khi dng khng
ho long vi nc

4 Ch phm th lng khi dng
phi ho vi nc
CHNG 2: NG DNG
2.Cc loi ha cht
nng nghip
3. Thuc
ditnm
1.Thuc
tr su
2. Thuc
dit c
4. Phn
bn
Thuc tr su
1
L mt sn phm ha cht dng trong nng
nghip, c tc dng dit tr su b.
Hot cht
Thnh phn tr
Tan trong nc (nhm ln hu c,
carbamate, nhm cc).
Khng tan trong nc (Clo hu c
organochlorine pesticides,
PHN
LOI
Thnh phn
c bn
Thuc tr su
1
Cht hot ng b mt s dung trong thuc tr su:
Lm gim sc cng b mt, nh hng n tnh thm
t v lan truyn ca cht lng.
Lm thay i s phn tn, s treo hay s lng kt ca
thuc tr su trong nc.
Lm tng din tch bao ph ca thuc tr su, c bit
trn b mt l c ph lp sp hoc lng t.
Hnh 2.2 Minh ha hot tnh ca cht hot ng b mt
Nu khng c cht hot ng b mt, thuc tr su s
b tri khi cc b mt ny.
Thuc tr su
1
Cht hot ng b mt anion vi thuc tr su
tip xc.
Cht hot ng b mt cation khng s dng ring l
mt mnh v l cht c cho cy.
Cht hot ng b mt nonion, s dng vi thuc tr su
ngm qua r, thm vo biu b cy.
y xin cp ti organo-silicone, cc hp cht nonyl
phenol v Octyl phenol Ethoxylate (OPE).
Organo-silicone
Thay th cc CHBM nonion truyn thng.
Gim sc cng b mt, tng thm t, tng
kh nng lan truyn, ci thin bn khng b
ma cun tri.
Nonyl phenol
v
cc hp cht
4-nonyl phenol l hp cht ph bin nht,
chim 90% th trng nonyl phenol. CHBM
lin quan ti nonyl phenol cha nhm ethylene
oxide gi l nonyl phenol ethoxylate.
Thuc tr su
1
Hnh 2.3 Nonyl phenol
Hnh 2.4 Cc Nonyl phenol ethoxylate
Octyl phenol
Ethoxylate
(OPE):
Loi Triton X l nhng cht hot
ng b mt nonionic .
Lm thm t v n nh mu, phn
tn tt.
Cc loi ha cht nng nghip l:
Triton X-45 , Triton X-114, Triton X-100.
u im
Lm cho hot cht c gc du tan c trong cc
loi dung mi.
Gim sc cng b mt gip thuc phn tn, lan
truyn, dnh t tt trn b mt l, thm vo r, tng
bn cho hot cht trong nhng iu kin mi trng
khng tt cho cy trng (ma lm thuc tr su tri i),
Tng kh nng dit tr su b, pht huy tt hot
tnh ca thuc tr su.
Gip tng nng sut cy trng, tng kinh t.

Thuc tr su
1
Hnh 2.7 Hiu qu dng CHBM
Nhc im
Khng s dng CHBM qu nhiu hoc qu t.
Nonyl phenol l mt cht c, gy rt da, au u,
bun nn v t vong nu liu lng.
Nonyl phenol ethoxylate cng gy c nhng
gy t vong cn lng cao hn so vi nonyl phenol.
Ngoi ra nh hng n hormone estrogen, gy
ung th v, gy c i vi cc loi ong, nhn, c, ng
vt thn mm, loi gip xc.
Tch t trong t, trong nc, gy hi cho cc loi
cy trng, to (Fig. 4, )
Thuc tr su
1
Hnh 2.9 Phi nhim thuc tr su vi tr s sinh
Thuc dit c : l thuc dng tiu dit cc loi
thc vt khng mong mun bng cch tc ng ln
hormone sinh trng ca chng.
2
1
Tc ng chn lc v thuc tr c c
tc ng khng chn lc
2
Tip xc v thuc tr c ni hp
3
Phun ln l v thuc tr c phun
hoc bn, ti vo t

4
Tin ny mm v hu ny mm

5
Ho bn v thuc tr c l rng
B mt khng ion : nhm ru tuyn tnh,
Nonyl phenol, cc axit bo
Du cy ging tp trung c to thnh t s
kt hp ca parafin da trn du m - CHDBM
Hn hp nit CHDBM kt hp trn ca nhiu
dng nit v cht hot ng b mt.
Du ht ging este ha sn xut t
phn ng axit bo t du ht vi ru to este.
Thuc dit c
2
Mt s loi cht hot ng b mt thng dng hin nay
Bng: Mt s loi CHBM s dng trn mt s sn phm sau:
Cht hot ng b mt Thnh phn Thuc s dng CHBM
Non-ionic surfactant
(NIS)
Crop oil concentrates
(COC)
Nitrogen-surfactant
blends

Esterified seed oils

Organo-silicates

Linear or nonyl-phenol alcohols
and/or fatty acids
Parafinic oil (80 - 90 %)
+ surfactants (20 - 10 %)

surfactant + some nitrogen form
(ammonium sulfate or 28% N)
Fatty acids from seed oils reacted
with an alcohol to form esters
Composed entirely of silicone,
blends of silicone with non-ionic
or other surfactants
Assure II, Fusilade 2000, Fusion and
Gramoxone Extra
Atrazine, Assure II, Fusilade 2000,
Fusion, Laddock, Poast Poast Plus and
Select
Roundup, Classic, Pinnacle and
Pursuit
Accent, Beacon, and Pursuit

Basagran, Blazer, Cobra,
Galaxy, Reflex, Storm

Cht hot ng b mt Tn sn phm Nh sn xut
Non-ionic surfactant
(NIS)

Crop oil concentrates
(COC)

Nitrogen-surfactant blends



Esterified seed oils



Organo-silicates

Activator 90
Penetrate II
Triton Ag 98
X-77
Agri-Dex (99:1)
Crop Oil Plus (83:17)
Prime Oil (83:15)
Cayuse Plus (surfactant + AMS)
Chaser (surfactant + 28% N)
Dispatch (surfactant + 28% N)
Patrol (surfactant + 28% N)
Hasten
Meth-Oil
Sylgard 309 (straight silicone)
Silwet L-77 (straight silicone)
Kinetic (silicone/surfactant blend)
Herbex (silicone/surfactant blend)

United Ag Products
Wilfarm
Rhone-Poulenc
United Ag Products
Helena
Wilfarm
Terra
Wilfarm
Terra
United Ag Products
Helena
Wilfarm
Terra
Wilfarm
United Ag Products
Helena
American Colloid
Phng php tc dng ca thuc ln cy nh th no?
Thuc tr c sau khi c phun, xt s trc tip thm
qua thn, l hoc r, t tc dng ln hoocmon sinh
trng ca thc vt mun tiu dit lm cho chng ngng
sinh trng v cht i sau 1 khong thi gian nht nh.
Vy theo cc bn th tc dng ca
CHBM y l g?
Thuc dit c
2
Tc dng ca cht hot ng b mt
Thuc dit c
2
Tn ho hc: Ethyl 5-(4,6 - dimethoxypyrimidin-2-
ylcarbamoylsulfamoyl-1-methylpyrazole-4-carboxylate.
Thuc dit c
2
u im
t tn cng
Khng lm tn hi
r cy
Dit trn din
rng
Kp thi v
Nhc im
nh hng sinh
trng cy trng
Khng ci
thin c t
Phi c s kt hp
gia ha hc v th
cng c gii
Thuc dit nm
3
Gy ra cc biu hin khc thng: xut hin cc
m khc mu trn l, thi qu, rch l, thn sn si
Hnh 2.13: Nm mc sng
dng bt Mildew
Hnh 2.14: Bnh frog-eye trn l
cy to do Botryosphaeria obtuse
Thuc dit nm
3
THNH
PHN
Thuc dit nm
3
Tip xc
Hp th
PHN
LOI
S dng nhiu cc cht HBM non - ionic, cha nhm
chc etylen oxit.
Ci thin tnh thm nc, tnh phn tn, tnh to nh
v n nh dung.
Cht HBM s xc nh nng ti a ca ch phm,
tnh cht v c ht, c git, thi gian n nh, hot tnh
sinh hc ca hn hp phun ca ch phm.
Cht HBM thng s dng
Tc nhn lm m (wetting)
Tc nhn ha tan (solubilizing)
Tc nhn bioenhancement
Thuc dit nm
3
C ch tc ng ca CHBM trong thuc dit nm
Thuc dit nm
3
Tc ng trn b mt dung dch v nh
hng ln s hnh thnh git.
S ha tan v nh hng ln s vn chuyn
S bc hi ca git phun v s hnh thnh ta
S trt git v gi li trn ngn cy.
S tc ng v bm dnh .
Cng ngh gia cng cc dng ch phm mi, cc
cht HBM cn p ng :
CHBM ngun gc lignin t nhin (tnh a
nng, an ton, kinh t, nguyn liu di do.
Sc cng b mt h du - nc thp di 20 mN/m
CHBM dng silicon hoc flo.
Bn trong iu kin bo qun lu di (nhit ,
m...) CHBM polymeric.
Kh nng thm t tt : natrilauryl sunfat, nonylphenol
(NP), etylenoxit (EO), ancol etoxylat mch thng.
Phn bn
4
Phn bn l
g??
Phn bn
4
Phn rc
Phn bn c chia thnh cc nhm
Phn hu c Phn vi sinh
Phn chung
Phn hn hp
Phn xanh
Phn Sinh Hc Hu C
Phn V C
Phn phc hp
Gim tnh tan ca cht dinh dng,
to lp cn hoc lp che ph.
Lm phn bn tan chm.
Hnh thnh nh tng, t tan trong nc.
S dng CHBM anionic tc nhn thm t cy.
Phn bn
4
Vai tr cc cht hot ng b mt trong phn bn
Quy trnh sn xut phn bn vi sinh
Phn bn
4
CHNG 3: KT LUN
Kh nng to nh ca cht hot
ng c vai tr rt quan trng trong
i sng, l thnh phn khng th
thiu trong rt nhiu cc sn phm.