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C©u I.

1) y' = mx m−1(4 − x)2 − 2(4 − x)x m =

= x m −1 (4 − x)[4m − (m + 2)x] .
4m
a) XÐt tr−êng hîp m ≥ 2. Khi ®ã ph−¬ng tr×nh y' = 0 cã ba nghiÖm x1 = 0 , x2 = vµ
m+2
x3 = 4 .
NÕu m − 1 ch½n (tøc m = 3, 5, 7, ...) th× y' sÏ cïng dÊu víi
(4 − x) [4m − (m + 2)x] vµ do ®ã : y min (4) = 0 vµ
m m 4m + 4
y max (x2 ) = = M.
(m + 2)m +2
NÕu m - 1 lÎ (tøc m = 2, 4, 6, ...) th× dÊu cña y' lµ dÊu cña
x(4 − x)[4m − (m + 2) x]
LËp b¶ng xÐt dÊu sÏ cã kÕt qu¶
y min (0) = 0 ; y max (x2 ) = M , y min (4) = 0
b) §Ò nghÞ b¹n ®äc tù lµm cho tr−êng hîp m = 1
(y = x(4 − x)2 ) .
2) Kh¶o s¸t, vÏ ®å thÞ hµm sè
y = x(4 − x)2
dµnh cho b¹n ®äc.

C©u II.

1) x2 − 2(cosB + cosC)x + 2(1 − cosA) ≥ 0 . (1)

∆ ' = (cosB + cosC)2 − 2(1 − cosA) =
C+ B 2 B−C A
= 4 cos2 cos − 4sin2 =
2 2 2
A B−C 
= 4sin2  cos2 − 1 ≤ 0
2 2 
VËy (1) ®óng víi mäi x.
sin x + cosx 10
2) cosx + sin x + =
sin x cosx 3
§Æt t = cosx + sin x(− 2 ≤ t ≤ 2) (2)
2t 10
th× t 2 = 1 + 2sin x cosx vµ ta ®−îc t + =
t2 − 1 3
§Æt ®iÒu kiÖn t ≠ ±1 sÏ tíi
3t 3 − 10t 2 + 3t + 10 = 0
tøc lµ : 1 + a + b + c + ab + ac + bc ≥ 0 (2)
Céng (1) vµ (2) ta cã : abc + 2 (1 + a + b + c + ac + bc + ac) ≥ 0.

hay (t − 2)(3t 2 − 4t − 5) = 0 .
Ph−¬ng tr×nh nµy cã ba nghiÖm
2 − 19 2 + 19
t1 = 2 ; t 2 = ; t3 =
3 3
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ChØ cã t 2 lµ thÝch hîp. Thay vµo (2) ta cã ph−¬ng tr×nh
 π  2 − 19
cos  x −  = .
 4 3 2
2 − 19
§Æt cos α = th× ®−îc hai hä nghiÖm :
3 2
π π
x1 = + α + 2kπ ; x2 = − α + 2mπ
4 4

C©u III.
1) §Æt ®iÒu kiÖn x - a ≠ 0 ; x + a ≠ 0 th× (1) ®−îc biÕn ®æi vÒ d¹ng :
x[a − 1)x + a 2 + a + 2b] = 0 (2)
Víi ∀a, b (2) ®Òu cã nghiÖm x1 = 0 .
Gi¶i (a − 1)x + a 2 + a + 2b = 0 .
a 2 + a + 2b
NÕu a ≠ 1 cã nghiÖm x2 =
1− a
NÕu a = 1 ta cã : 0x = − 2(1 + b). (3)
Víi b ≠ − 1 th× (3) v« nghiÖm ; víi b = -1 th× (3) nghiÖm ®óng víi ∀x. KiÓm tra x2 cã tháa
m·n ®iÒu kiÖn x2 ≠ ±a ?
a 2 + a + 2b
x2 ≠ a ⇔ ≠ a ⇔ a 2 + a + 2b ≠
1− a
≠ a − a 2 ⇔ 2(a 2 + b) ≠ 0 ⇔ b ≠ −a 2
a 2 + a + 2b
x 2 ≠ −a ⇔ ≠ −a ⇔ a 2 + a + 2b ≠ a 2 − a ⇔ b ≠ −a .
1− a
KÕt luËn :
 víi b ≠ −1 , (1) cã nghiÖm duy nhÊt x1 = 0 .
NÕu a = 1 th× : 
 víi b = − 1, (1) cã nghiÖm lµ ∀x ≠ ± 1.
NÕu a ≠ 1 ; 0 th× :
2
 víi b ≠ −a , b ≠ - a, (1) cã hai nghiÖm
 x1 = 0,

 a 2 + a + 2b
 2x =
1− a

 víi b = −a 2 hoÆc b = - a th× (1) cã mét nghiÖm x1 = 0 .
NÕu a = 0 th× (1) cã mét nghiÖm x2 = 2b nÕu b ≠ 0 ; (1) sÏ v« nghiÖm nÕu b = 0.
2) V× a 2 + b2 + c2 = 1 nªn - 1 ≤ a, b, c ≤ 1.
Do ®ã 1 + a ≥ 0 , 1 + b ≥ 0, 1 + c ≥ 0 ⇒ (1 + a) (1 + b) (1 + c) ≥ 0 ⇒
⇒ 1 + a + b + c + ab + ac + bc + abc ≥ 0. (1)
MÆt kh¸c :
(1 + a + b + c)2
a 2 + b2 + c2 + a + b + c + ab + ac + bc = ≥0,
2
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C©u IVa. 1) Víi x > 0 ta cã

1 x
F(x) = x - ln(1 + x) Þ F’(x) = 1 - = ;
1 + x 1 + x

víi x < 0 ta cã

1 x
F(x) = - x - ln(1 - x) Þ F’(x) = - 1 + = .
1 - x 1 - x

Tõ ®ã suy ra víi x ¹ 0
x
F’(x) = .
1 + | x|

Ta chØ cßn ph¶i chøng minh r»ng F’(0) = 0. Qu¶ vËy

1 1
F’(0) = lim (F( ∆x) - F(0)) = lim ( ∆x - ln(1 + ∆x)) =
∆x → 0 ∆x ∆x → 0 ∆x
∆
= lim 1 - 
ln(1 + x)
 = 0,
∆x →0  ∆x 

ln(1 + ∆x)
v× lim = 1.
∆x → 0 ∆x
e
2) I = ∫ xln2xdx.
1

 ln x
 du = 2 dx
 u = ln x 2
x
§æt  ⇒ 
 dv = xdx 1
v = x 2,
 2

e e
e2 e

∫ - J, víi J = ∫ xlnxdx.
1
suy ra I = x 2 ln 2 x - xlnxdx =
2 1 1 2 1

§Ó tÝnh J, ®Æt

 du = ux
 u = ln x  x
 ⇒
 dv = xdx 1
v =
 2
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e2
x ln x − ∫1 xdx = −
1 2 e 1 e 1
suy ra J = .
2 1 2 2 4( e − 1)
2

VËy
1
I = (e2 - 1).
4

C©u Ivb.

1) V× K lµ trung®iÓm cña SC, nªn theo h×nhbªn, trong tam gi¸c SAC, SO
vµ AK lµ hai ®ûêng trungtuyÕn c¾t nhau t¹i trängt©m H, vËy
SH 2
= .
SO 3

SN SH
Theo h×nh bªn , ta cã dt(SNH) = . . dt(SDO) =
SD SO

SN 2 1 SH SM
= . . dt(SDB),dt(SHM) = . . dt(SOB)
SD 3 2 SO SB

2 SM 1
= . . dt (SDB).
3 SB 2

SN SM
§ång thêi dt(SNH) + dt(SHM) = dt(SNM) = . dt(SDB).
SD SB

1 SN 1 SM SN SM
Tõ c¸c hÖ thøc trªn, suy ra . + . = .
3 SD 3 SB SD SD

SB SD
Û + = 3.
SM SN
SM SN 1 1
2) §Æt = x, = y, theo hÖ thøc trªn ta cã + = 3. §ång thêi, do ý nghÜa h×nh häc, ph¶i cã 0 < x £ 1,
SB SD x y
0 < y £ 1. V×

1 1 x
= 3 - ⇒ y = ,
y x 3x - 1
x
nªn 0 < ≤ 1
3x - 1 1
Þ ≤ x ≤ 1.
0<x£1 2
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Ta cã theo h×nh bªn

V 1 = V SAMN + V SMNK ,

SM SN 1
VSAMN = . .VSABD = xyV,
SB SD 2

SM SN SK 1
V SMNK = . . . VSBDC = xyV
SB SD SC 4

V1 3 3x 2 1 
suy ra = xy =  ≤ x ≤ 1.
V 4 4(3x - 1)  2 

, do vËy trªn ®o¹n  ; 1 cã b¶ng biÕn thiªn

3x 2 3x(3x - 2) 1
Hµm sè f(x) = cã ®¹o hµm f’(x) =
4(3x - 1) 4(3x - 1) 2 
2 

1
x 1
2

f’ - 0 +

3 3
f
8 8
1
3

1 1 V 3
VËy víi ≤ x ≤ 1 th× ≤ 1 ≤ .
2 3 V 8