1.

Gii thiu
1.1Trnh by v c tnh thit k hnh hc ca chn vt
Chn vt c nhiu chng loi khc nhau: chn vt bc c nh, chn vt bin bc,
chn vt li gp, nhng tt c chn vt u c nhng c trng hnh hc c bn
chung phc v cho nhu cu tnh ton v s dng. [2]
Mi li ca chn vt c hai mt kh ng hc chnh. Mt hng vo thn tu gi
l mt sau, mt hng v ph sau tu gi l mt trc. Thng thng, chn vt quay
theo chiu kim ng h khi nhn vo mt trc. Giao tuyn ca mt trc v mt
sau gi l cc bin, bin trc l bin pha bn phi mt trc, bin sau l bin pha
bn tri mt trc. [2]
By gi chng ta s xem xt mt dim P trn b mt hnh tr c bn knh r, xt mt
im bt u
o
P v t bt du di chuyn to thnh mt hnh xon c quanh
b mt ca hnh tr. Phng trnh th hin s chuyn ng ca im P trn b mt
ca hnh tr (cc im
0 1
, ,...,
n
P P P ) trn c m t l:

( )
( )
( )
sin
cos
x f
y r
z r
|
|
|
=

Trong | l gc ca phng quay trong mt phng Y-Z ca bn knh r ph
thuc vo tia OZ trong ton b mt phng. Khi gc | =
0
360 hoc 2t radians, khi
ng xon c, th hin nh l qu tch ca im Pn, hon thnh mt vng
xoay quanh hnh tr.
Li cnh ca chn vt c to ra mt cch y bi cc tit din c sp xp
c th t qua v tr
i
R v mi tit din s c mt ng dy cung ring v tr
i
|
c so snh vi phng X trong mt phng XZ (hnh 2-3). Gc
i
| c gi l gc
pitch, chiu dng c xc nh theo quy tc bn tay phi, tc l ngc chiu kim
ng h, theo phng Y hoc ta pitch. Gc nhn ca mt phng XZ cng c
th hin qua hnh 2-4, qua hnh ny chng ta cng s thy c b mt mt hnh
tr c to ra bi bn knh
i
R , quay mt vng c chiu di 2
i
R t . Trong khi b
mt chung ca chn vt c bao bc bi mt hnh tr c bn knh
i
R , th ng
dy cung v phn m rng to thnh mt hnh xon c hon chnh. [3]

Figure Error! No text of specified style in document.-1 Tit din cnh theo
phng XZ.
Ch thch hnh 2-3:
RP = section ref point: Mt ct tit din ti im c bit ref
| = pitch angle: Gc Pitch
S = Developed chord length: di ng dy cung

Figure Error! No text of specified style in document.-2 - Pitch ca mt tit din
c to ra trong mt phng XZ t b mt ca hnh tr


Ch thch hnh 24:
Pitch axis: Ta Pitch
Pitch angle: Gc Pitch
Chord line: ng dy cung
Fully developed section: Mt mt tit din hon chnh
Distance traveled along helix in one revolution: Khong cch i dc theo
ng xon c trong mt ln quay y
Trong mt qu trnh to ra mt b mt hnh tr, mt im trn hnh xon c di
chuyn c mt on l
1
2 tan
i i
P R t | = .
Trong :
1
/
/ tan
2 /
i
i i i
i
P D
P DR
R D
|
t

=
i
P - pitch ca tit din i

i
R - Bn knh hnh tr ti tit din i

i
| - Gc pitch ti tit din I .
Ngi thit k chn vt khi y phi xc nh pitch
i
P hoc gc pitch
i
| cho mi tit
din ng vi bn knh
i
R . Ngoi ra cn phi xc nh r ng knh D ca chn
vt. Ngoi ra phi ch ti t l /
i
P D c gi l t l Pitch/ ng knh mi v
tr bn knh
i
R . Nu gc pitch khng c cho trc,c th tnh ra t nhng thng
tin trn.

1
/
tan
2 /
i
i
i
P D
R D
|
t

=
th pitch (hnh 2-5) c th c v cho thy r s phn b pitch theo bn
knh ca hnh tr. th th hin dng nhng ng cong mt trong
i
P l
honh v
i
R l tung .

Figure Error! No text of specified style in document.-3 th bc chn vt.

1.2Vic gia cng chn vt dng cho tu thy ni a Vit Nam
Vi nhu cu rt ln v chn vt cho th trng trong nc nhng vic sn xut chn
vt hin nay li phn ln da trn cc khun mu truyn thng sn c (thm ch
mt s thit k khun hon ton da trn kinh nghim) nn c tnh y ni ring
cng nh c tnh cng sut, hiu sut ca chn vt ni chung vn cn nhiu hn
ch. iu ny dn n tn km v chi ph vn hnh, v s l thuc ln vo th
trng cung cp (ngi tiu dng khng c nhiu la chn tt hn cho chn vt
mun mua).
Trc nhng kh khn v ti liu, iu kin nghin cu, c s vt cht, nn
cng tc ch to chn vt nc ta cha c ng b. a s tu ng mi cha
thc hin vn thit k ch to chn vt, hu ht lp cc my c km theo chn
vt, hoc lp chn vt theo kinh nghim da trn mu sn c ca cc c s ng
tu. Phng php ch to chn vt ch yu ca cc c s sn xut chn vt Vit
Nam l phng php c. a s sn phm l chn vt bc c nh c 3-4 cnh,
c ch to t ng thau, chn vt gang v thp chim t l thp. Chn vt gang v
thp thng c sn xut theo n t hng. Cht lng chn vt ph thuc vo
tay ngh, cng ngh c da trn kinh nghim mu chn vt dn giang [6]. Do
, cc chn vt c ra cha tht tt, cc thng s cha chnh xc. Vic ch to
chn vt theo cng ngh ny c cc nhc im chnh nh sau:
- chnh xc v nhm b mt chn vt thung khng t yu cu, do
phi qua giai on gia cng tinh v nh bng nn mt nhiu thi gian, cng
sc, ph thuc tay ngh cng nhn v trong nhiu trng hp chn vt c th
khng ph hp vi tu.
- ch to ra mi chn vt, truc tin phi cn ch to mt chn vt mu v
mt khun c nn gi thnh cn cao.
- Hn ch vic ch to cc mu chn vt c ng knh ln v c yu cu
chnh xc cao nh chn vt ca cc tu cao tc, tu cnh ngm v..v
- Sau khi ch to, khng th sa cha uc khi chn vt khng ph hp vi
tu thit k.
V vy, chng ta cn kho st li c tnh hnh hc ca mu chn vt Vit Nam
xem s tng quan vi chun thit k trn th gii.

1.3Nhu cu cn nh gi c tnh ca chn vt ng thy ni a la
chn chn vt v ng c ph hp.
Khi thit k thit b nng lng tu , chn thit b y v chn s vng quay ti u
ca n , ngi ta s dng cc c tnh ti tc ca chn vt ( c tnh chn vt )
. chnh l s ph thuc ca cng sut truyn n chn vt hoc mmen xon
vo s vng quay hoc tc tu .
Cc h s K
T
, K
Q
, c biu din di dng cc ng cong ph thuc vo h s
tin J ( hnh ) , gi l ng c tnh chn vt . T th c th nhanh chng xc
nh lc y , mmen quay v hiu sut chn vt cho mi ch lm vic. ng
c tnh trn y l th ghi li kt qu th m hnh hoc o trn tu thc
i vi chn vt bin bc , tu vo v tr ca cnh m bc xon ca chn vt c
gi tr khc nhau . Nh vy c tnh chn vt ca loi chn vt ny c th xem nh
tp hp cc c tnh ca nhng chn vt c bc xon khng thay i , trong khi
ng knh vn gi nguyn .
2. Gii thiu phng php kho st bin dng chn vt
bng my qut laser
2.1 phng php kho st
2.1.1 Vi nt v cng ngh Scan Laser
Cng ngh Scan laser l mt trong nhng ng dng ca cng ngh o khng tip
xc. Trong qu trnh o my s dng chm sng Laser chiu vo b mt chi tit
cn o, chm tia sng c phn x li t b mt chi tit c cm ng o thu li
a vo b phn bin i ca my o v vi s h tr ca my tnh v phn mm
iu khin cho ra kt qu ca chi tit di dng m my im [7]. Thit b Scan
Laser c chn s dng trong nghin cu ny l thit b NextEngine 3D Laser
Scanner (xem Hnh 1) ca hng NextEngine [8][9].

Hnh 1. My NextEngine 3D Laser Scanner
2.1.2 Quy trnh qut chong chng Master Airscrew E96
Quy trnh qut chong chng Master Airscrew E96 c thc hin qua nhng
bc sau:
- Chun b mu v g .
- Ci t thng s trn phn mm.
- X l s liu qut c.
- Xut kt qu: chn d liu xut ra dng m my im c th tin hnh x l
kt qu sau khi qut bng cc cng c h tr khc.





[1] (2014, May) Wikipedia. [Online].
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propeller_(marine)
[2] KS. Nguyn Bn PGS.TS. Nguyn c n, L THUYT TU THY (tp 2).
H Ni: NXB Giao thng vn ti, 2005.
[3] Donald R. Smith and John E. Slater, "The Geometry of marine propellers,"
Dartmouth, NS, 1988.
[4] TS Trn Gia Thi, "Nghin cu xc nh ng c tnh chn vt trong iu
kin thc t,".
[5] J. S. Carlon, Marine Propeller and Propulsion. Oxford, Britain: Butterworth -
Heinemann, 1994.
[6] V Vn Lot, " n Phn tch quy trnh ch to chn vt trong nc hin nay,"
Nha Trang, 2007.
[7] Thng L Vit Nguyn and Nguyn Khi Nguyn, "KHO ST C TNH
HNH HC CA CHONG CHNG MY BAY M HNH," 2013.
[8] M. M. Bernitsas, D. Ray, and P. Kinley, KT, KQ and Efficiency Curves for the
Wageningen B-Series Propellers. Michigan: The University of Michigan, 1981.