Gin pha & ng dng Gin pha & ng dng

trong cng ngh ch bin kh trong cng ngh ch bin kh trong cng ngh ch bin kh trong cng ngh ch bin kh
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Trn Mai Phng
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Pha (f)
S hp phn (r): tng s cc cht hp thnh h, mi hp phn u c th tch ra khi h v tn
ti c lp ngoi h.
S cu t (k): s ti thiu cc hp phn to ra h. k = r - q
Bc t do (c): s thng s nht ng c lp xc nh h cn bng (c th t do thay
i m khng lm thay i s v bn cht cc pha ca h). Thng s nhit ng: thng s thnh
phn h (Ci, xi); thng s bn ngoi (T, P,). c = S thng s trng thi - S phng trnh lin h
Qui tc pha Gibbs: Qui tc pha Gibbs:
Nu c n thng s bn ngoi tc ng vo h th : c = k - f + n
Nu ch c 2 thng s bn ngoi tc ng vo h (T, P): c = k - f + 2
Nu T hoc P l hng s: c = k - f + 1
Nu c T v P l hng s: c = k f
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s phng trnh c lp lin
h nng cc hp phn
cn bng
S pha, s cu t v bc t do ca h:
KClO
3
(r) = KCl (r) + O
2
(k)
Ca(OH)
2
(r) = CaO(r) + H
2
O(k)
bc t do ca h nc lng cn bng vi hi nc bo ha?
bc t do ca h hi nc lng + etilic cn bng vi hi ca
nc v etilic
bc t do ca h hi nc lng + benzen cn bng vi hi
ca nc v benzen
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Gin pha
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Comparison of Gases, Supercritical Fluids and Liquids
Density
(kg/m
3
)
Viscosity
(cP)
Diffusivity (mm
2
/ s)
Gases 1 0.01 1-10
Supercritical
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Supercritical
Fluids
100-1000 0.05-0.1 0.01-0.1
Liquids 1000 0.5-1.0 0.001
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Gin P-V ca 1 cu t n cht (T = const).
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