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Piping Process

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: Plant .

: Unit . ) (Refinery plant

Unit .

1- hydrocarbon product plant

Hydrocarbon refining.
Oil and gas separation.
Ammonia production.
Aromatics production.
Benzene production.
Butadiene production.
Crude oil refining (see Figure 5-1).
Ethylene production.
Fertilizer manufacturing.
Changing gas to liquids (GTL).
Gasoline blending.
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) production.
Paint manufacture.
Polyethylene production.
Sulfur recovery.

2- Nonhydrocarbon processes:
Water treatment.
Waste treatment.
Sewage treatment.
Pulp paper manufacture.
Air separation (oxygen, nitrogen, helium, argon).
Chlorine production.
Beer distilling.
Food processing.

 Refinery plant Unit

: Owner . plant .

: Contractor -

. Owner
... .

: Sub-Contractor -

Contractor .

Leve I
Leve II
Leve III

Owner

Contractor

SubContractor

SubContractor

Contractor

SubContractor

. .

: Construction Contractor (C) -

. .

: Procurement Contractor (P) -

: Engineering Consultant (E) -

. .

): Commissioning Contractor (C .
.


: Finance Contractor (F) -

. plant .

: Licensor -

Owner
.
. Basic Design .
.

: (Project Management Contractor )PMC . ...

.
. ...
...
. Owner . MC
.

- : EPC

- : FEPCC

: LC (Letter of Credit) -

By back - :

- ) : ( Turn Key

10

Plant .

) 3 (

.

11

: Maintenance
: Supplier

12

:
-

Engineering .
Procurement .
Construction .
Commissioning .

:
... .
.
.

13

:
EPC EPCC FEPCC .
PMC EPC . . - .

:
EPC PMC .
-

Owner
FEPCC

PMC

14

15

: ) (FEED
.

- :

16

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1371 .

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 )(

A
)(Lead

Junior

23

IT

C
)(Lead

B
)(Lead

Senior

Senior

Junior

Junior

D
)(Lead

5 :

) Feasibility Study -1 (
Basic Engineering -2
Detail Engineering -3
Commissioning -4
Start-Up -5

* .
*
.

24

: Feasibility Study -1
Plant

25

: Basic Engineering -2
. Specification Criteria
Standard drawing

: Detail Engineering -3
.
. Plant .
*** Front-End Engineering
.

26

:Commissioning -4
) (pre-commissioning

: Start-up -5

Plant

Piping

Design
Draft
Material
Support
Stress Analysis

Process

HSE (Health,Safety,Environment)

Instrument

27

Civil
Architect & Building
Structure
Civil
HVAC

Mechanic
Fix Equipmnent (Tank, Pressure vessel, Filter, Exchanger )
Rotary Equipment (Pump, Compressor, Mixer, Air cooler, )
Package

Electrical
28

Management
Procurement
Construction
Accounting
Project Control
DCC (Document Control Center)
IT (Information Technology)

29

Dicipline

Basic (%)

Detail (%)

PIPING

15

35

PROCESS

35

CIVIL

15

25

MECHANIC

10

11

ELECTRICAL

10

INSTRUMENT

10

HSE

30

31

65-70%

25-30%

5-10%


): (Code

ASME B31.3 :

): (Standard

32

ASME B16.5 :
24


: Specification

. Basic
.

: Design Criteria

33

. Basic
.
Side condition Criteria .
Safety Hazardous area


: Hazop

34

Hazardous Operating .
) (High Pressure ) PSV
( .
. PSV
.


: Drawing

: Diagram

: Basic study

35

36

ASME

American Society of Mechanical Engineering

API

American Petroleum Institute

ANSI

American National Standard Institute

ASTM

American Society for Testing and Material

NFPA

National Fire Protection Association

37

DIN

Deutshes Institute fur Normung

BSI

British Standard Institution

ISO

International Organization for Standardization

AWWA

American Water Works Association

TEMA

Tubular Exchanger Manufactures Association

38

NACE

National Association of Corrosion Engineers

AGA

American Gas Association

AWS

American Welding Society

GPSA

Gas Processors Suppliers Association

IEEE

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

39

MSS

Manufacturer Standardization Society

SSPC

Society for Protective Coatings

EJMA

Expansion Joint Manufacturers Association

NEMA

National Electrical Manufacturers Association

WRC

Welding Research Council

40

IPS

Iranian Petroleum Standard

IGS

Iranian Gas Standards

NIOEC

National Iranian Oil Engineering & Construction

NPCS

National Petrochemical Company Standard

41

ASME
PIPING

ASME A13.1

Scheme for the Identification of Piping Systems

ASME B31E

Standard for the Seismic Design and Retrofit of Above-Ground Piping Systems

ASME B31G

Manual for Determining the Remaining Strength of Corroded Pipelines

ASME B31J

Standard Test Method for Determining Stress Intensification Factors (i-Factors)

for Metallic Piping Components

ASME B31Q

Pipeline Personnel Qualification Standard

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ASME
PIPING

ASME B31.1

Power Piping

ASME B31.2

Fuel Gas Piping

ASME B31.3

Process Piping

ASME B31.4

Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquid Hydrocarbons and Other Liquids

ASME B31.5

Refrigeration Piping and Heat Transfer Components

ASME B31.8

Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems

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ASME
PIPING

ASME B31.8S

Managing System Integrity of Gas Pipelines

ASME B31.9

Building Services Piping

ASME B31.11

Slurry Transportation Piping Systems

ASME B31.12

Hydrogen Piping and Pipelines

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First Issue = ( FI )
Issued For Information = ( IFI )
Issued For Comment = ( IFC )
Issued For Approval = ( IFA )
Issued For Design = ( IFD )
Approved For Design = ( AFD )
Approved For Construction = ( AFC )
As Built = ( ASB )
Issued For Construction = ( IFC )

45

 PIPING

46

-1 : Piping
Spec Criteria
....

-2 ): (Site plan design

) (Overall plot plan ) Unit plot
(plan Layout

-3 ): (Project coordinator
piping
Coordinator
.

 Process

47

) : PBD (Process Block Diagram

.
Site visit .

) : PFD (Process Flow Diagram

. Basic P&ID) .
.(IPS-E-PR-140
....

) : P&ID (Piping & Instrument Diagram

Piping . Piping
.
Basic . .
) Elbow(
.

 Process

48

) : UDD (Utility Distribution Diagram

Utility Unit Header
.

:Equipment List Excel

... .

:Design Basis
PFD .

:Symbol & Legend dictionary

... .

 Piping

49

:Valve List .
P&ID .

:Support List
.

:Line List piping Process

Piping .

 Line List

: Service Code
: Unit No. .
: Serial No. .
: Pipe Size ).(Nominal Pipe Size
:Pipe Class Rating .
:Insulation & Paint .

):Operation Condition (Temp , Press

):Design Condition (Temp , Press

.
.

50

 Line List

:Pressure Test .
. .

:Fluid phase
:Heat Treatment

P.W.H.T
Post Weld Heat Treatment .

:P&ID Ref.
:From & To Ref. .
:Density .
:Density, Viscosity, Velocity,

... .

P&ID reference .

...

51

 Piping

:
Overall plot plan .
Unit plot plan .

:
) Safety (IPS-E-PR-190 ) Maintenance (IPS-E-PI-240 -

52

:Plot plan
... .
. Basic .

 Piping

53

) :PMS (Piping Material Specification

). (IPS-E-PI-221
:
:
) Rating ASME B31.3 (ASME B16.5 Branch Table - ...

 Piping

54

: ISOMETRIC
. .

).(Bill of Material
: Key Plan
Plot Plan . Piping Plan
.
: Key Plan

Overall Plot Plan.

 Piping

55

: Piping Plan
Cable
Plant .
:
)(Dimension )(Equipment & Structure TAG - Battery Limit )(East & North

4. DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY

4.1 Battery Limit

The boundary of a process unit, enclosing all equipment and unit limit block valves.
4.2 Complex
A group of units, the operation of which are interlinked. (On small plants, the term
"complex" may refer to all the process units on the plant).
4.3 Piping System
It covers the overall systems of pipes and piping components, e.g. fittings, valves,
nozzles and supports, that are employed to transfer liquid, gas, steam, etc. between the
equipment such as tanks, pumps, vessels and so forth.
4.4 Unit (Area)
A main production component of a refinery plant or chemical complex, e.g. distillation
unit, utility unit, etc.

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4.5 Utilities
Air supply, water supply and treatment, steam generation, power generation and similar
services.
4.6 Depot
A storage area with capacity less than 5000 tones with import and export facilities.
4.7 Executor
The party which carries out all, or part of the construction, installation and
commissioning aspect for the projects.
4.8 Designer
The person or party which is responsible to the Company for engineering/design of the
plants.

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3. DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY

3.1 Boundary
Boundary of the equipment is the term used in a processing facility, by an imaginary
line that completely encompassed the defined site. The term distinguishes areas of
responsibility and defines the processing facility for the required scope of work.4.2
Complex
3.2 Dike
Is an earth or concrete wall providing a specified liquid retention capacity.4.4 Unit
(Area)
3.3 Diversion Wall
Is an earth or concrete wall which directs spills to a safe disposal area.
3.4 Fire Resistive
Fire resistance rating, as the time in minutes or hours, that materials or assemblies
have withstand a fire exposure as established in accordance with the test of NFPA 251.

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3.5 High Flash Stock

Are those having a closed up flash point of 55C or over (such as heavy fuel oil,
lubricating oils, transformer oils etc.).
This category does not include any stock that may be stored at temperatures above or
within 8C of its flash point.
3.6 Low-Flash Stocks
Are those having a closed up flash point under 55C such as gasoline, kerosene, jet
fuels, some heating oils, diesel fuels and any other stock that may be stored at
temperatures above or within 8C of its flash point.
3.7 Non-Combustible
Material incapable of igniting or supporting combustion.
3.8 Ordinary (See Table A.3 in Appendix A)
General masonry walls with wood roof and/or wood floors; also all frame construction.
3.9 Pipe Rack
The pipe rack is the elevated supporting structure used to convey piping between
equipment. This structure is also utilized for cable trays associated with
electric-power distribution and for instrument tray.

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3.10 Plot Plan

The plot plan is the scaled plan drawing of the processing facility.
3.12 Sleepers
The sleepers comprise the grade-level supporting structure for piping between
equipment for facilities, e.g., tank farm or other remote areas.
3.13 Tank Diameter
Where tank spacing is expressed in terms of tank diameter, the following criteria
governs:
a) If tanks are in different services, or different types of tanks are used, the diameter of
the tank which requires the greater spacing is used.
b) If tanks are in similar services, the diameter of the largest tank is used.
3.14 Tank Spacing
Is the unobstructed distance between tank shells, or between tank shells and the
nearest edge of adjacent equipment, property lines, or buildings.

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3.15 Toe Wall

Is a low earth, concrete, or masonery unit curb without capacity requirements for the
retention of small leaks or spills.
3.16 Vessel Diameter
Where vessel spacing is expressed in terms of vessel diameter, the diameter of the
largest vessel is used. For spheroids, the diameter at the maximum equator is used.
3.17 Vessel Spacing
Is the unobstructed distance between vessel shells or between vessel shells and
nearest edge of adjacent equipment, property lines, or buildings.

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