iu ch tn hiu

iu ch tn hiu
Bi:
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Tn hiu tun hon gi l sng mang. Tn hiu mang thng tin gi l tn hiu c iu
ch. u thu b gii iu ch s da vo s thay i thng s ca sng mang ti
to li tn hiu mang thng tin ban u. Cc thng s ca sng mang c dng trong
qu trnh iu ch c th l bin , pha, tn s.
Tn hiu ting ni c tn s thp, khng th truyn i xa c. Ngi ta dng mt tn
hiu hnh sin c tn s cao ( c th truyn i xa c) lm sng mang. Bin i bin
ca tn s sin theo tn hiu ting ni. u thu ngi ta da vo s thay i bin
ca tn hiu thu c ti to li tn hiu ting ni ban u.

iu ch tng t
Trong iu ch tng t, vic iu ch c thc hin lin tc theo tn hiu thng tin
tng t.
Cc phng php iu ch tng t thng dng l:
* iu bin (Amplitude modulation)
- iu ch hai bng (DSB-Double-sideband modulation)
+ iu ch hai bng khng trit sng mang (DSB-WC) (dng trong radio bng AM)
+ iu ch hai bng trit sng mang (DSB-SC)
+ iu ch hai bng nn sng mang (DSB-RC)
- iu ch n bng
+ iu ch n bng (SSB hoc SSB-AM), rt ging vi
+ iu ch n bng trit sng mang (SSB-SC)
- iu ch Vestigial sideband (VSB hoc VSB-AM)

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iu ch tn hiu

- Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)

* Angle modulation
- iu tn-Frequency modulation (FM)
- iu pha-Phase modulation (PM)

iu ch s
Trong iu ch s, mt sng mang tng t s c bin i theo mt chui bit c chiu
di c nh hoc thay i. y cng c th c coi l mt dng bin i tng t-s.
Hnh dng ca sng mang c ly t mt tp hp hu hn cc symbol.
Sau y l nhng phng php c bn:
* Trong CW, ngi ta dng on-off keying ca tn hiu c chiu di thay i.
* Trong PSK, ngi ta dng mt s hu hn pha.
* Trong FSK, ngi ta dng mt s hu hn tn s.
* Trong ASK, ngi ta dng mt s hu hn bin .
* Trong QAM, tn hiu ng pha (tn hiu I, v d tn hiu cos) v tn hiu trc pha (tn
hiu Q, v d tn hiu sin) c iu bin. N cng c th c coi l hai knh ring.
Tn hiu thu c l s kt hp ca PSK v ASK vi ti thiu l hai pha v ti thiu hai
bin .

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