1

BI KIM TRA NHANH 15 CU TRC NGHIM

Cu 1: Cho cc phn ng sau:
a) FeO + HNO
3
(c, nng)

b) FeS + H
2
SO
4
(c, nng)

c) Al
2
O
3
+ HNO
3
(c, nng)

d) AgNO
3
+ dd Fe(NO
3
)
2

e) HCHO + H
2

0
, t Ni

f) Cl
2
+ Ca(OH)
2

g) C
2
H
4
+ Br
2

h) Glixerol + Cu(OH)
2

Dy gm cc phn ng u thuc loi phn ng oxi ha - kh l
A. a, b, d, e, f, g. B. a, b, d, e, g, h. C. a, b, c, d, e, g. D. a, b, c, d, e, h.
Cu 2: Cho 2,81 gam hn hp Fe
2
O
3
, ZnO, MgO tc dng va vi 500 ml dung dch H
2
SO
4
0,1M. Khi
lng mui sunfat to ra trong dung dch l:
A. 6,81 gam B. 12,5 gam C. 3,2 gam D. 16 gam
Cu 3: Dy gm cc kim loi u c iu ch bng phng php nhit luyn l
Cu 7: Cho cc cht tham gia phn ng:
a) S+ F
2

b) SO
2 (kh)
+ H
2
S
(kh)

c) SO
2
+ O
2

d) S + H
2
SO
4
(c nng)

e) H
2
S + Cl
2
(d ) + H
2
O

f) FeS
2
+ HNO
3

Khi cc iu kin, xc tc v nhit c s phn ng to ra sn phm m lu hunh mc s oxi ho + 6 l
A. 5. B. 2. C. 4. D. 3.
Cu 8: Cho cc cp oxi ha kh c sp xp theo chiu tng dn tnh oxi ha ca dng oxi ha nh sau:
Fe
2+
/Fe, Cu
2+
/Cu, Fe
3+
/Fe
2+
. Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Fe
3+
oxi ha c Cu thnh Cu
2+
. B. Cu
2+
oxi ha c Fe
2+
thnh Fe
3+
.
C. Fe
2+
oxi ha c Cu thnh Cu
2+
. D. Cu kh c Fe
3+
thnh Fe.
Cu 9: Dy cht no sau y u th hin tnh oxi ha khi phn ng vi SO
2

A. Dd Ba(OH)
2
, H
2
O
2
, dd KMnO
4
. B. H
2
SO
4
c, O
2
, nc brom.
C. O
3
, nc Clo, dd KMnO
4
. D. O
3
, H
2
S, nc brom.
A. H
2
SO
4
v CuSO
4
. B. H
2
SO
4
v Fe
2
(SO
4
)
3
. C. H
2
SO
4
v FeSO
4
. D. FeSO
4
v CuSO
4
.
Cu 15: Ha tan ht 2,16 gam FeO trong HNO
3
c. Sau mt thi gian thy thot ra 0,224 lt kh X (ktc) l
sn phm kh duy nht. Xc nh X.
A. NO B. N
2
C. NO
2
D. N
2
O
A. Al, Cu, Ba B. Fe, Cu, Pb C. Ca, Zn, Fe D. Na, Ni, Cu
Cu 4: Cho lung kh CO (d) qua hn hp gm CuO, Fe
2
O
3
, ZnO, MgO, CaO nung nhit cao. Sau phn
ng hn hp rn cn li l
A. Cu, Fe,Zn,MgO, CaO B. Cu, Fe, ZnO, MgO C. Cu, Fe, Zn, Mg D. Cu, FeO, ZnO, MgO
Cu 5: Hn hp X gm Fe
2
O
3
, FeO v MgO c khi lng l 4,24 gam trong c 1,2 gam MgO. Khi cho X
phn ng vi CO d (phn ng hon ton), ta c cht rn A v hn hp CO v CO
2
. Hn hp ny khi qua
nc vi trong cho ra 5 gam kt ta. Xc nh khi lng Fe
2
O
3
, FeO trong hn hp X.
A. 3,2 v 1,44 B. 1,1 v 1,6 C. 1,8 v 4,3 D. 1,6 v 1,44
Cu 6: Dy gm cc cht d b nhit phn l
A. CaCO
3
, Pb(NO
3
)
2
, (NH
4
)
2
CO
3
, K
2
CO
3
B. NH
4
HCO
3
, KNO
3
, NH
4
NO
2
, AgNO
3

C. Cu(NO
3
)
2
, NH
4
Cl, Mg(HCO
3
)
2
, Na
2
CO
3
D. Cu(OH)
2
, Mg(NO
3
)
2
, KHCO
3
, BaSO
4
Cu 10: Ha tan ht m gam hn hp oxit ca hai kim loi kim th vo dung dch HCl d. C cn dung dch
ri tin hnh in phn nng chy ht cht rn thu c (vi in cc tr) th catot sinh ra 11 gam kim loi
v anot c 2,24 lt kh thot ra(ktc). Gi tr ca m l:
A. 15 B. 18,1 C. 15,8 D. 12,6
Cu 11: Cho 19,2 gam kim loi M tan hon ton trong dd HNO
3
d th c 4,48 lt kh NO. Kim loi M l:
A. Ca B. Cu C. Al D. Zn
Cu 12: Sau mt thi gian in phn 200 ml dung dch CuCl
2
thu c 1,12 lt kh (ktc) anot. Ngm inh
st trong dung dch cn li sau khi in phn. Phn ng xong, nhn thy khi lng inh st tng thm 1,2 gam.
Nng mol ban u ca dung dch CuCl
2
l
A. 1M B. 1,5M C. 1,2M D. 2M
Cu 13: Khi in phn dung dch Na
2
SO
4
trong bnh ch U vi in cc tr c pha vi git qu tm th hin
tng quan st c trong qu trnh in phn l:
A. C kh H
2
thot ra Anot. B. C kh O
2
thot ra Catot.
C. Dung dch c mu Catot. D. Dung dch c mu xanh Catot.
Cu 14: in phn dung dch hn hp gm CuSO
4
v Fe
2
(SO
4
)
3
c dd X ch c hai cht tan. Dd X gm:
DNG 1: MUI CACBONAT TC DNG VI DUNG DCH AXIT
Cu 1: Nh t t 200ml dung dch HCl 1,5M vo 100ml dung dch Na
2
CO
3
1M v NaHCO
3
2M, sau phn
ng thu c V lt kh CO
2
(ktc). Gi tr V l.
A. 5,04. B. 4,48. C. 3,36. D. 6,72.
Cu 2: Cho t t dd cha a mol HCl vo dd cha b mol Na
2
CO
3
ng thi khuy u, thu c V lt kh (ktc)
v dd X. Khi cho d nc vi trong vo dd X thy c xut hin kt ta. Biu thc lin h gia V vi a, b l:
A. V = 11,2(a + b). B. V = 22,4(a - b). C. V = 11,2(a - b). D.V = 22,4(a + b)
Cu 3: Cho t t V (lt) dung dch HCl 0,1M vo dung dch K
2
CO
3
thu c dung dch B v 0,56 lt (ktc)
CO
2
. Cho dung dch B tc dng vi dung dch Ca(OH)
2
d to ra 1,5 gam kt ta. V l
A. 400 ml B. 500 ml C. 650 ml D. 800 ml
Cu 4: Hn hp X gm Na
2
CO
3
, NaHCO
3
v KHCO
3
cho vo dd nc vi trong d thu c 25 gam kt ta.
nu cho hn hp X vo dd HCl d thu c kh bay ra c th tch (o ktc) l:
A. 2,8 lt B. 4,48 lt C. 3,36 lt D. 5,6 lt
Cu 5: Nh t t dung dch H
2
SO
4
long vo dung dch X cha 0,1 mol Na
2
CO
3
v 0,2 mol NaHCO
3
, thu c
dd Y v 4,48 lt kh CO
2
(ktc). Tnh khi lng kt ta thu c khi cho dd Ba(OH)
2
d vo dung dch Y
A. 46,6g B. 19,7g C. 54,65g D. 66,3g
Cu 6: Hp th hon ton V lt CO
2
(ktc) vo 400ml dung dch NaOH aM thu c dung dch X. Cho t t v
khuy u 150ml dung dch HCl 1M vo X thu c dung dch Y v 2,24 lt kh (ktc). Cho Y tc dng vi
Ca(OH)
2
d xut hin 15g kt ta. Xc nh a
A. 1M. B. 1,5M. C. 0,75M. D. 2M.
DNG 2: KIM LOI KIM KIM TH - NHM TC DNG VI NC AXIT BAZ
- Khi cho kim loi kim, kim th (tr Mg, Be) tc dng vi nc nhit thng s thu c dung dch
cha ion OH
-

M + H
2
O M
+
+ OH
-
+ H
2
M + 2H
2
O M
2+
+ 2OH
-
+ H
2

Ta thy:
2
H
OH
n 2n

=
- Nu c kim loi Al th OH
-
s tc dng vi Al: Al + OH
-
+ H
2
O
2
AlO

+ 3/2 H
2

Cu 1: Cho mt mu hp kim K-Ca tc dng vi nc (d), thu c dung dch X v 3,36 lt H
2
( ktc). Th
tch dung dch axit HCl 2M cn dng trung ho dung dch X l
A. 150ml. B. 75ml. C. 60ml. D. 30ml
Cu 2: Ha tan m (g) K vo 200g nc thu c dung dch c nng l 2,748%. Vy m c gi tr l?
A. 7,8g B. 3,8g C. 39g D. 3,9g
Cu 3: Ha tan mt lng gm 2 kim loi kim vo nc thu c 200ml dung dch A v 1,12 lt H
2
(ktc). Tm
pH ca dd A?
A. 12 B. 11,2 C. 13,1 D. 13,7
Cu 4 (HKA 2010): Ha tan hon ton 8,94g hn hp gm Na, K, Ba vo nc, thu c dung dch X v
2,688 lt kh H
2
(ktc). Dung dch Y gm HCl v H
2
SO
4
, t l mol tng ng l 4:1. Trung ha dung dch X bi
dung dch Y, tng khi lng cc mui c to ra l?
A. 13,7g B. 18,46g C. 12,78g D. 14,62g
Cu 5 (HKA 2008): Cho hn hp gm Na v Al c t l mol tng ng l 1:2 v nc (d). Sau khi cc
phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 8,96 lt kh H
2
(ktc) v m gam cht rn khng tan. Gi tr ca m l?
A. 10,8g B. 5,4g C. 7,8g D. 43,2g
Cu 6 (HKB 2007): Hn hp X gm Na v Al. Cho m gam X vo mt lng d nc th thot ra V lt kh.
Nu cng cho m gam X vo dung dch NaOH d th c 1,75V lt kh, (bit th tch cc kh o trong cng
iu kin), thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng ca Na trong X l?
A. 39,87% B. 77,31% C. 49,87% D. 29,87%
Cu 7: Ha tan 46g hn hp gm Ba v 2 kim loi kim A, B thuc 2 chu k lin tip vo nc thu c dd D
v 11,2 lt kh (ktc). Nu thm 0,18 mol Na
2
SO
4
vo dd D th sau phn ng vn cn d ion Ba
2+
. Nu thm
0,21 mol Na
2
SO
4
vo dd D th sau phn ng cn d Na
2
SO
4
. Vy 2 kim loi kim l?
A. Li v Na B. Na v K C. K v Rb D. Rb v Cs
Cu 8 (HKB 2009): Ha tan hon ton 2,9g hn hp gm kim loi M v oxit ca n vo nc, thu c
500ml dung dch cha mt cht tan c nng 0,04M v 0,224 lt H
2
(ktc). Kim loi M l?
A. Ca B. Ba C. K D. Na
3
- Phn hai tc dng vi lng d dung dch HNO
3
long, sinh ra y mol kh N
2
O (sn phm kh duy nht). Quan
h gia x v y l
A. x = 4y B. x = y. C. x = 2y. D. y = 2x.
Cu 10. Hn hp X gm Na v Al. Cho m gam X vo mt lng d nc th thot ra V lt kh. Nu cng cho
m gam X vo dung dch NaOH (d) th c 1,75V lt kh. Thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng ca Na trong
X l (bit cc th tch kh o trong cng iu kin).
A. 29,87%. B. 39,87%. C. 77,31%. D. 49,87%.
DNG 3: BI TON CO
2
, SO
2
TC DNG VI DUNG DCH BAZ
I. TC DNG VI NaOH, KOH
- Khi choCO
2
(hoc SO
2
) tc dng vi NaOH, KOH u xy ra 3 kh nng to mui. Ta thng lp t l

2
NaOH
CO
n
k
n
= hoc
2
NaOH
SO
n
k
n
=
Nu : k s 1: Ch to mui NaHCO
3
1< k < 2: To 2 mui NaHCO
3
v Na
2
CO
3

k> 2: Ch to mui Na
2
CO
3


2
2
( )
2.
=
Ca OH
CO
n
k
n
hoc
2
2
( )
2.
=
Ca OH
SO
n
k
n

Nu : k s 1: Ch to mui Ca(HCO
3
)
2
1< k < 2: To 2 mui Ca(HCO
3
)
2
v CaCO
3

k> 2: Ch to mui CaCO
3

Lp t l:
2
OH
CO
n
k
n

=

Nu : k s 1: Ch to ion HCO
3
-
1< k < 2: To 2 ion HCO
3
-
v CO
3
2-

k> 2: Ch to ion CO
3
2-

* Ch : PTHH to mui: 2OH
-
+ CO
2
CO
3
2-
+ H
2
O OH
-
+ CO
2
HCO
3
-

Special Note: Hai dng ton ny c mt s cng thc gii nhanh.
1. Cng thc tnh lng kt ta xut hin khi hp th ht mt lng CO
2
vo dd Ca(OH)
2
hoc
Ba(OH)
2
:
2
CO
OH
n n n

+
=

- S dng cng thc trn vi iu kin:
2
CO
n n
+
s , ngha l baz phn ng ht.
- Nu baz d th
2
CO
n n
+
=
2. Cng thc tnh lng kt ta xut hin khi hp th ht mt lng CO
2
vo dd cha hn hp gm
NaOH v Ca(OH)
2
hoc Ba(OH)
2
:
Cu 9. Chia m gam Al thnh hai phn bng nhau:
- Phn mt tc dng vi lng d dung dch NaOH, sinh ra x mol kh H
2
;.
* Ch : Vi nhng bi ton khng th tnh k, ta c th da vo d kin bi cho tm ra kh nng to
mui nh th no.
- Hp thu CO
2
vo NaOH d ch to mui Na
2
CO
3

- Hp thu CO
2
d vo NaOH ch to mui NaHCO
3

- Hp thu CO
2
vo NaOH to dd mui. Sau thm BaCl
2
vo dd mui thy c kt ta, thm tip Ba(OH)
2
d
vo thy xut hin thm kt ta: To 2 mui Na
2
CO
3
v NaHCO
3

- Nu bi ton khng cho bt k d liu no th phi chia trng hp gii.
II. TC DNG VI Ca(OH)
2
, Ba(OH)
2

Tng t nh trn, trng hp ny cng c 3 kh nng to mui, ta lp t l:
* Ch : Vi nhng bi ton khng th tnh k, ta c th da vo d kin bi cho tm ra kh nng to
mui nh th no.
- Hp thu CO
2
vo nc vi trong d ch to mui CaCO
3

- Hp thu CO
2
d vo nc vi trong (lc u c kt ta trng, sau kt ta tan): ch to mui Ca(HCO
3
)
2

- Hp th CO
2
vo nc vi trong thy to kt ta, sau thm NaOH d vo thy c kt ta na: To 2 mui
- Hp th CO
2
vo nc vi trong thy to kt ta, lc b kt ta ri un nng nc lc li thy kt ta na: to
2 mui.
- Nu bi ton khng cho bt k d liu no th phi chia trng hp gii.
III. TC DNG VI HN HP GM C NaOH / KOH V Ca(OH)
2
/ Ba(OH)
2

- Trc ht tnh
2
2
3
CO
CO OH
n n n

= ri so snh vi
2
Ca
n
+
hoc
2
Ba
n
+
xem cht no phn ng ht.
Lng kt ta tnh theo s mol cht phn ng ht.
- iu kin l:
2
2
3
CO
CO
n n

s
3. Cng thc tnh
2
CO
V cn hp th ht vo 1 dd Ca(OH)
2
hoc Ba(OH)
2
thu c 1 lng kt ta
theo yu cu: Dng ny c 2 kt qu:
2
2
CO
CO
OH
n n
n n n

+
+
=

Cu 1: t chy hon ton 0,1mol C
2
H
5
OH ri hp th ton b sn phm chy vo bnh cha 75ml dd
Ba(OH)
2
2M. Tng khi lng mui thu c sau phn ng l?
A. 32,65g B. 19,7g C. 12,95g D. 35,75g
Cu 2 (C KA 2010): Hp th hon ton 3,36 lt CO
2
(ktc) vo 125ml dd Ba(OH)
2
1M, thu c dd X. Coi
th tch dd khng thay i, nng mol cht tan trong dd X l?
A. 0,4M B. 0,2M C. 0,6M D. 0,1M
Cu 3: Hp th ht 11,2 lt CO
2
(ktc) vo 350 ml dd Ba(OH)
2
1M. Tnh khi lng kt ta thu c?
A. 39,4g B. 78,8g C. 19,7g D. 20,5g
Cu 4: Hp th ht 1,344 lt CO
2
(ktc) vo 350 ml dd Ca(OH)
2
1M. Tnh khi lng kt ta thu c?
A. 64g B. 10g C. 6g D. 60g
Cu 5: Hp th 6,72 lt CO
2
( ktc) vo 300 ml dung dch hn hp gm NaOH 0,1M v Ba(OH)
2
0,6M. Tnh
khi lng kt ta thu c ?
A. 15g B. 35,46g C. 19,7g D. 17,73g
Cu 6: Hp th ht V lt CO
2
( ktc) vo 300ml dung dch Ba(OH)
2
1M sau phn ng thu c 19,7 gam kt
ta. Tm V?
A. 2,24 lt B. 11,2 lt C. 2,24 hoc 11,2 lt D. 2,24 hoc 3,36 lt
Cu 7 (HKA 2008): Hp th hon ton 4,48 lt kh CO
2
ktc vo 500ml dd hn hp gm NaOH 0,1M v
Ba(OH)
2
0,2M, sinh ra m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l?
A. 19,7g B. 17,73g C. 9,85g D. 11,82g
Cu 8 (HKA 2007): Hp th hon ton 2,688 lt CO
2
(ktc) vo 2,5 lt dd Ba(OH)
2
nng a mol/lt, thu
c 15,76g kt ta. Gi tr ca a l?
A. 0,032M B. 0,048M C. 0,06M D. 0,04M
Cu 9 (HKB 2007): Nung 13,4g hn hp 2 mui cacbonat ca 2 kim loi ha tr 2, thu c 6,8g cht rn
v kh X. Lng kh X sinh ra cho hp th vo 75ml dung dch NaOH 1M, khi lng mui khan thu c sau
phn ng l?
A. 5,8g B. 6,5g C. 4,2g D. 6,3g
DNG 4: TON V MUI CACBONAT
- C 2 dng thng gp:
+) Phn ng nhit phn Mui Hidrocacbonat cho mui cacbonat: 2MHCO
3

to
M
2
CO
3
+ CO
2
+ H
2
O
M(HCO
3
)
2

to
MCO
3
+ CO
2
+ H
2
O
Mui cacbonat ca KL kim th ch b nhit phn nhit cao cho oxit bazo:
MCO
3

to
MO + CO
2

+) Phn ng trao i: Vi axit to kh CO
2
Vi mt s mui to kt ta.
- Hay s dng: nh lut bo ton khi lng v nh lut tng gim khi lng.
- Lu : Khi cho t t dd HCl vo hn hp mui cacbonat v hidrocacbonat, phn ng xy ra theo trnh t:
u tin: H
+
+ CO
3
2-
HCO
3
-
Sau : HCO
3
-
+ H
+
CO
2
+ H
2
O
Special Note:
- Gp dng: Mui cacbonat + ddHCl Mui clorua + CO
2
+ H
2
O. Tnh nhanh khi lng mui clorua
bng cng thc:
2
11.
CO
m m n = +
muoi clorua muoi cacbonat

- Gp dng: Mui cacbonat + H
2
SO
4
long Mui sunfat + CO
2
+ H
2
O. Tnh nhanh khi lng mui sufat
bng CT:
2
36. = +
CO
m m n
muoi sunfat muoi cacbonat


5
na khi lng ban u. Tnh thnh phn % theo khi lng cc cht ban u?
A. 28,41% v 71,59% B. 40% v 60% C. 13% v 87% D. 50,87% v 49,13%
Cu 2: Khi nung mt lng hidrocacbonat ca kim loi ha tr 2 v ngui, thu c 17,92 lt kh (ktc) v
80g b rn. Xc nh tn mui hidrocacbonat ni trn?
A. Ca(HCO
3
)
2
B. NaHCO
3
C. Cu(HCO
3
)
2
D. Mg(HCO
3
)
2

Cu 3: Nung nng 100g hn hp NaHCO
3
v Na
2
CO
3
n khi lng khng i thu c 69g hn hp rn. %
khi lng ca NaHCO
3
trong hn hp l?
A. 80% B. 70% C. 80,66% D. 84%
Cu 4 (HKB 2008): Nhit phn hon ton 40g mt loi qung lmit c ln tp cht tr, sinh ra 8,96 lt
CO
2
(ktc). Thnh phn % v khi lng ca CaCO
3
.MgCO
3
trong loi qung nu trn l?
A. 40% B. 50% C. 84% D. 92%
Cu 5: Cho 24,4g hn hp Na
2
CO
3
, K
2
CO
3
tc dng va vi dung dch BaCl
2
. Sau phn ng thu c
39,4g kt ta. Lc tch kt ta, c cn dung dch thu c m gam mui clorua. Tnh m?
A. 41,6g B. 27,5g C. 26,6g D. 16,3g
Cu 6: Ha tan hon ton 23,8g hn hp mt mui cacbonat ca kim loi ha tr I v mt mui cacbonat ca
kim loi ha tr II bng dung dch HCl d th thy thot ra 4,48 lt kh CO2 (ktc). C cn dung dch sau phn
ng th lng mui khan thu c l?
A. 26g B. 28g C. 26,8g D. 28,6g
Cu 7: Ha tan hon ton 19,2 gam hn hp XCO
3
v Y
2
CO
3
vo dung dch HCl d thy thot ra 4,48 lit kh
(ktc). Khi lng mui sinh ra trong dung dch l:
A. 21,4 g B. 22,2 g C. 23,4 g D. 25,2 g
Cu 8: Ha tan hon ton 4 gam hn hp MCO
3
v M
/
CO
3
vo dung dch HCl thy thot ra V lit kh (ktc). C
cn dung dch thu c 5,1 gam mui khan. Gi tr ca V l:
A. 1,12 B. 1,68 C. 2,24 D. 3,36
Cu 9: Nung m (g) hn hp X gm 2 mui carbonat trung tnh ca 2 kim loi A v B u c ha tr 2. Sau mt
- Nhn dng: Cho bt nhm phn ng vi cc oxit kim loi. Tnh hiu sut phn ng hoc thnh phn khi lng
sau phn ng.... 2yAl + 3M
x
O
y
yAl
2
O
3
+ 3x M
- Ch :
+) Trng hp phn ng xy ra hon ton (H = 100%), nu cho sn phm tc dng vi dung dch kim c kh
H2 thot ra th sn phm sau phn ng c Al d , M v Al
2
O
3
.
+) Trng hp phn ng xy ra khng hon ton (H<100%), khi sn phm c Al d, Al
2
O
3
, M
x
O
y
d, M.
+ Hay s dng nh lut bo ton khi lng, nh lut bo ton nguyn t....
Cu 1: Nung nng hn hp gm 15,2 gam Cr
2
O
3
v m gam Al. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c
23,3 gam hn hp X. Cho ton b X phn ng vi HCl d thy thot ra V (l) H
2
(ktc). Gi tr ca V l:
A. 7,84 lt B. 4,48 lt C. 3,36 lt D. 10,08 lt
Cu 2 (C KA,B 2008): t nng mt hn hp gm Al v 16g Fe
2
O
3
(trong iu kin khng c khng kh)
n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp rn X. Cho X tc dng va vi Vml dd NaOH 1M
sinh ra 3,36 lt H
2
(ktc). Gi tr ca V l?
A. 100ml B. 150 ml C. 200ml D. 300ml
Cu 1: Khi nung 30g hn hp CaCO
3
v MgCO
3
th khi lng cht rn thu c sau phn ng ch bng mt

thi gian thu c 3,36 lit CO
2
(kc) cn li hn hp cht rn Y. Cho Y tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl d, th
thu c dung dch C v kh D. Phn dung dch C c cn thu 32,5g hn hp mui khan. Cho kh D thot ra hp
th hon ton bi dung dch Ca(OH)
2
d thu c 15g kt ta. Tnh m?
A. 34,15g B. 30,85g C. 29,2g D. 34,3g
Cu 10 (HKA 2010): Nh t t tng git n ht 30ml dung dch HCl 1M vo 100ml dd cha Na
2
CO
3
v
NaHCO
3
0,2M, sau phn ng thu c s mol CO
2
l?
A. 0,03 B. 0,01 C. 0,02 D. 0,015
Cu 11(HKB 2009): Cho t t dd cha a mol HCl vo dung dch cha b mol Na
2
CO
3
ng thi khuy u,
thu c V lt kh(ktc) v dung dch X.Khi cho d nc vi trong vo dung dch X thy c xut hin kt ta.
Biu thc lin h gia V vi a,b l:
A.V = 22,4(a b) B. V = 11,2(a b) C.V = 11,2(a + b) D.V = 22,4(a + b)
DNG 5: PHN NG NHIT NHM
Cu 3: Trn 5,4g Al vi 17,4g bt Fe
3
O
4
ri tin hnh phn ng nhit nhm (gi s ch xy ra phn ng kh
Fe
3
O
4
thnh Fe). Ha tan hon ton hn hp rn sau phn ng bng dd H
2
SO
4
long, d th thu c 5,376 lt
H
2
(ktc). Hiu sut phn ng nhit nhm l?
A. 62,5% B. 60% C. 20% D. 80%
Cu 4 (HKB 2009): Nung nng m gam hn hp gm Al v Fe
3
O
4
trong iu kin khng c khng kh. Sau
khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c mt hn hp rn X. Cho X tc dng vi dd NaOH d thu c dd Y,
cht rn Z v 3,36 lt kh H
2
(ktc). Sc kh CO2 d vo dd Y, thu c 39 g kt ta. Gi tr ca m l?
A. 45,6g B. 48,3g C. 36,7g D. 57g
Cu 5: Sau khi thc hin phn ng nhit nh
m vi Fe
3
O
4
thu c cht rn A v nhn thy khi lng nhm tng 0,96g. Cho A tc dng vi dd NaOH d
thu c 0,672 lt kh (ktc), gi s hiu sut cc phn ng l 100%, khi lng ca a l?
A. 1,08g B. 1,62g C. 2,1g D. 5,1g
Cu 6 ( HKA 2008): Nung nng m gam hn hp Al v Fe
2
O
3
(trong mi trng khng c khng kh) n
khi phn ng xy ra khon ton, thu c hn hp rn Y. Chia Y thnh 2 phn bng nhau:
- Phn 1: Tc dng vi dd H
2
SO
4
long, d sinh ra 3,08 lt kh H
2
ktc.
- Phn 2: Tc dng vi dd NaOH d sinh ra 0,84 lt kh H
2
ktc. Gi tr ca m l?
A. 22,75g B. 21,4g C. 29,4g D. 29,43g
Cu 7: t nng mt hn hp X gm bt Fe
3
O
4
v bt Al trong mi trng khng c khng kh. Nu cho
nhng cht cn li sau phn ng tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d s thu c 0,3 mol H
2
; cn nu cho tc
dng vi HCl d s thu c 0,4 mol H
2
. Vy s mol Al trong hn hp X l?
A. 0,3 mol B. 0,4 mol C. 0,25 mol D. 0,6 mol
Cu 8: Khi cho 41.4 gam hn hp X gm Fe
2
O
3
, Al
2
O
3
v Cr
2
O
3
tc dng vi dung dch NaOH c, d thu
c cht rn c khi lng 16 gam. kh hon ton 41.4 gam X bng phn ng nhit nhm cn dng 10.8
gam Al. Thnh phn % theo khi lng ca Cr
2
O
3
trong hn hp X l:
A. 30,23% B. 50,67% C. 36,71% D. 66,67%
Cu 9: Tin hnh phn ng nhit nhm hn hp gm Al v oxit Fe thu c hn hp cht rn X. Cho X tc
dng vi dung dch NaOH d thu c dung dch Y, phn khng tan Z v 0.672 (l) kh (ktc). Cho dung dch
HCl vo dung dch Y n khi thu c lng kt ta ln nht, lc ly kt ta, nung n khi lng khng i
thu c 5.1 gam cht rn. Cho Z tc dng vi dung dch H
2
SO
4
c nng, sau phn ng thu c dung dch E
ch cha 1 loi mui st sulfat v 2.688 (l) SO
2
(ktc). Cc p xy ra hon ton. Cng thc ca oxit Fe l:
A. FeO hay Fe
2
O
3
B. FeO hay Fe
3
O
4
C. FeO D. Fe
2
O
3

DNG 6: TON V S LNG TNH CA Al(OH)
3
, Zn(OH)
2

Dng 1: Cho t t a mol OH
-
vo dd cha b mol Al
3+
. Tm khi lng kt ta.
Al
3+
+ 3OH
-
Al(OH)
3
Nu OH
-
d: Al(OH)
3
+ OH
-
AlO
2
-
+ H
2
O
- Khi ty theo t l mol OH
-
; s mol Al
3+
m c kt ta hoc khng c kt ta hoc va c kt ta va c
mui tan.
* gii nhanh bi ton ny ta c cng thc tnh nhanh:
Dng ny phi c hai kt qu. Cng thc:
3
OH
OH Al
n 3.n
n 4.n n

+
+
+
=

Dng 2: Cho t t H
+
vo dd cha AlO
2
-
(hay Al(OH)
4
-
) to kt ta.
AlO
2
-
+ H
+
+ H
2
O Al(OH)
3
Nu H
+
d: Al(OH)3 + 3H
+
Al
3+
+ 3H
2
O
- Khi ty theo t l mol H
+
; s mol AlO
2
-
m c kt ta hoc khng c kt ta hoc va c kt ta va c
mui tan.
* gii nhanh bi ton ny ta c cng thc tnh nhanh:
Dng ny phi c hai kt qu. Cng thc:
4
H
H [Al(OH) ]
n n
n 4.n 3.n
+
+
+
+
=

Dng 3: Cng thc
ddNaOH
V cn cho vo dd
2
Zn
+
xut hin 1 lng kt ta theo yu cu:
Dng ny phi c hai kt qu. Cng thc:
2
2
4 2
OH
OH Zn
n n
n n n

+
+
+
=

Cu 1: Cho t t 0,7 mol dung dch NaOH vo dung dch cha 0,1 mol Al
2
(SO
4
)
3
. S mol kt ta thu c?
A. 0,2 B. 0,15 C. 0,1 D. 0,05
7
ca V l?
A. 0,3 v 0,6 lt B. 0,3 v 0,7 lt C. 0,4 v 0,8 lt D. 0,3 v 0,5 lt
Cu 3: dd A cha KOH v 0,3 mol K[Al(OH)
4
]. Cho 1 mol HCl vo dd A thu c 15,6g kt ta. S mol KOH
trong dd l?
A. 0,8 hoc 1,2 mol B. 0,8 hoc 0,4 mol C. 0,6 hoc 0 mol D. 0,8 hoc 0,9 mol
Cu 4: Cho 2,7g Al vo 200ml dung dch NaOH 1,5M thu c dd A. Thm t t 100ml dung dch HNO
3
vo
dd A thu c 5,46g kt ta. Nng ca HNO
3
l?
A. 2,5 v 3,9M B. 2,7 v 3,6M C. 2,7 v 3,5M D. 2,7 v 3,9M
Cu 5 (HKB 2007): Cho 200ml dung dch AlCl
3
1,5M tc dng vi V lt dung dch NaOH 0,5M; lng kt
ta thu c l 15,6g. Gi tr ln nht ca V l?
A. 1,2 1,8 C. 2,4 D. 2
Cu 6 (HKB 2010): Cho 150ml dd KOH 1,2M tc dng vi 100ml dd AlCl
3
nng x mol/l, thu c dd
Y v 4,68g kt ta. Loi b, thm tip 175ml dd KOH 1,2M vo Y, thu c 2,34g kt ta. Gi tr ca x l?
A. 1,2M B. 0,8M C. 0,9M D. 1M
Cu 7 (C 2007): Thm m gam Kali vo 300ml dung dch cha Ba(OH)
2
0,1M v NaOH 0,1M thu c
dung dch X. Cho t t dung dch X vo 200ml dung dch Al
2
(SO
4
)
3
0,1M thu c kt ta Y. thu c
lng kt ta Y ln nht th gi tr ca m l?
A. 1,59g B. 1.17g C. 1,71g D. 1,95g
Cu 8 (C 2009): Ha tan hon ton 47,4g phn chua KAl(SO
4
)
2
.12H
2
O vo nc, thu c dd X. Cho ton
b X tc dng vi 200ml Ba(OH)
2
1M, sau phn ng thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l?
A. 46,6g B. 54,4g C. 62.2g D. 7,8g
Cu 9 (C 2009): Nh t t 0,25 lt dung dch NaOH 1,04M vo dung dch gm 0,024 mol FeCl
3
; 0,016 mol
Al
2
(SO
4
)
3
v 0,04 mol H
2
SO
4
thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l?
A. 4,128g B. 2,568g C. 1,56g D. 5,064g
Cu 10 (HKA 2010): Ha tan hon ton m gam ZnSO
4
vo nc c dung dch X. Nu cho 110 ml dung
dch KOH 2M vo X th thu c 3a gam kt ta. Mt khc, nu cho 140ml ml dung dch KOH 2M vo X th
thu c 2a gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l?
A. 32,2g B. 24,25g C. 17,71g D. 16,1g
A. 38,65 B. 37,58 C. 40,76 D. 39,20
Cu 6: Ha tan hon ton m gam hn hp gm Na, Na
2
O, NaOH, Na
2
CO
3
trong dd H
2
SO
4
40% (va ) c
8,96 lt hn hp kh c t khi i vi H
2
bng 16,75 v dd Y c nng 51,449%. C cn Y thu c 170,4
gam mui. Gi tr ca m l
A. 50,6 B. 50,4 C. 37,2 D. 23,8
Cu 2: Cho V lt dung dch Ba(OH)
2
0,5M vo 200ml dung dch Al(NO
3
)
3
0,75M thu c 7,8g kt ta. Gi tr
Cu 11: Cho 38.795 gam hn hp bt nhm v nhm clorua vo lng va dung dch NaOH thu c dung
dch A (kt ta va tan ht) v 6.72 (l) H
2
(ktc). Thm 250ml dung dch HCl vo dung dch A thu c 21.84
gam kt ta. Nng dung dch HCl l:
A. 1.12M hay 3.84M B. 2.24M hay 2.48M C. 1.12, hay 2.48M D. 2.24M hay 3.84M
DNG 7: MT S DNG TON KHC
Cu 1: Cho hh kh gm CO
2
v NO
2
hp th vo dd NaOH va to thnh mui trung ha, sau em c
cn dd thu c 36,6 gam mui khan. nung mui khan ny nhit cao ti khi lng khng i c 35
gam cht rn.% theo khi lng ca CO
2
trong hn hp X l
A.33,33 B.48,89 C.50 D.51,11
Cu 2. Cho 100 ml dd NaHSO
4
0,8M vo 200 ml dd cha ng thi Ba(HCO
3
)
2
0,25M v BaCl
2
0,1M thu
c kt ta c khi lng m v kh bay ra (ktc) c th tch l V. Vy m v V c gi tr
A. 18,64 gam v 1,12 lt B. 13,98 gam v 1,792 lt
C. 9,32 gam v 1,792 lt D. 16,31 gam v 1,792 lt
Cu 3: Sc CO
2
n d vo 100 ml dd A cha Na
2
CO
3
0,5M v (NH
4
)CO
3
1M thu c dd B. Nung B n
khi lng khng i c V lt kh . Gi tr V l:
A. 7,84 B. 1,12 C. 10,08 D. 11,2
Cu 4: Cho 0,5 gam hn hp X gm Li, Na, K vo nc c 2 lt dd c pH = 12. Trn 8 gam hn hp X v
5,4 gam Al ri cho vo nc n P hon ton c V lt kh (ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 8,064 B. 10,304 C. 11,648 D. 8,160
Cu 5: Cho 6,9 gam Na vo 100,0 ml dd HCl thu c dd X cha 14,59 gam cht tan. Cho dd X vo dd
AgNO
3
d thu c bao nhiu gam kt ta
3 4
4
Cu 7: Cho mt mu Na lu trong khng kh, b chuyn ho thnh hn hp rn X gm Na, Na
2
O, NaOH,
Na
2
CO
3
. Ho tan hon ton hn hp X bng H
2
SO
4
long, sau phn ng thu c dung dch Y. Lm bay hi
nc t t thu c 8,05 gam tinh th Na
2
SO
4
.10H
2
O. Khi lng mu Na l
A. 0,575 gam. B. 1,15 gam. C. 2,3 gam. D. 1,725 gam.
Cu 8: Dung dch X gm 0,1 mol H
+
, z mol Al
3+
, t mol NO

v 0,02 mol SO
2
. Cho 120 ml dung dch Y gm
KOH 1,2M v Ba(OH)
2
0,1M vo X, sau khi cc phn ng kt thc, thu c 3,732 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca z,
t ln lt l
A. 0,020 v 0,012. B. 0,012 v 0,096. C. 0,020 v 0,120. D. 0,120 v 0,020.
Cu 9: Dung dch X cha cc ion: Ca
2+
, Na
+
, HCO
3

v Cl

, trong s mol ca ion Cl

l 0,1. Cho 1/2 dung
dch X phn ng vi dung dch NaOH (d), thu c 2 gam kt ta. Cho 1/2 dung dch X cn li phn ng
vi dung dch Ca(OH)
2
(d), thu c 3 gam kt ta. Mt khc, nu un si n cn dung dch X th thu c
m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 9,21. B. 9,26. C. 8,79. D. 7,47.
Cu 10: Dung dch X c cha: 0,07 mol Na
+
; 0,02 mol SO
2
v x mol OH
-
. Dung dch Y c cha ClO
4

v
NO
3

v y mol H
+
; tng s mol ClO
4

v NO
3

l 0,04. Trn X v Y c 100ml dung dch Z. Dung dch Z c

pH (b qua s in ly ca H
2
O )
A. 1. B. 12. C. 13. D. 2.
Cu 11: Cho dung dch X gm: 0,007 mol Na
+
; 0,003 mol Ca
2+
; 0,006 mol Cl

; 0,006 mol HCO

3

v 0,001
mol NO
3

. loi b ht Ca
2+
trong X cn mt lng va dung dch cha a gam Ca(OH)
2
. Gi tr ca a l
A. 0,180. B. 0,120. C. 0,444. D. 0,222.
Cu 11: Dung dch X cha cc ion: Fe
3+
, SO
4
2-
, NH
4
+
, Cl
-
. Chia dung dch X thnh hai phn bng nhau:
- Phn mt tc dng vi lng d dung dch NaOH, un nng thu c 0,672 lt kh ( ktc) v 1,07 gam
kt ta;
- Phn hai tc dng vi lng d dung dch BaCl
2
, thu c 4,66 gam kt ta.
Tng khi lng cc mui khan thu c khi c cn dung dch X l (qu trnh c cn ch c nc bay hi)
A. 3,73 gam. B. 7,04 gam. C. 7,46 gam. D. 3,52 gam.
Cu 12: Chia m gam Al thnh hai phn bng nhau:
- Phn mt tc dng vi lng d dung dch NaOH, sinh ra x mol kh H
2
;
- Phn hai tc dng vi lng d dung dch HNO
3
long, sinh ra y mol kh N
2
O (sn phm kh duy nht).
Quan h gia x v y l
A. y = 2x. B. x = 4y. C. x = y. D. x = 2y.
Cu 13. C 1 hn hp gm NaCl v NaBr. Cho hn hp tc dng vi AgNO
3
d th to ra kt ta c khi
lng bng khi lng bc nitrat tham gia phn ng. Thnh phn % khi lng NaCl trong hn hp u l:
A. 27,88 B. 13,4 C. 15,2 D.24,5
Cu 14. Trong mt bnh kn cha 10,8 g kim loi M ch c mt ho tr v 0,6 mol O
2
. Nung bnh mt thi gian,
sau a bnh v nhit ban u th p sut trong bnh ch cn bng 75 % so vi ban u. Ly cht rn thu
c cho tc dng vi HCl d thu c 6,72 lit H
2
ktC. M l:
A. Zn B. Al C. Fe D. Mg
Cu 15: Dung dch A cha 5 ion: Mg
2+
, Ba
2+
, Ca
2+
, Cl
-
(0,1 mol),
3
NO

(0,2 mol). Thm dn Vml dung dch

K
2
CO
3
1M vo dung dch A cho n khi lng kt ta thu c ln nht. Gi tr ca V l
A. 150 B. 300 C. 200 D. 250
CHC CC EM LM BI TT
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