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GII NHANH TRC NGHIM VT L 12 NH MY TNH:
CASIO Fx570ES & Fx-570ES Plus; VINACAL Fx-570ES Plus

PHN I: NG DNG CA S PHC TRONG BI TON VT L
- Dng s phc trong bi ton vit phng trnh dao ng iu ha
- Dng s phc trong php tng hp cc hm iu ho .
- Dng s phc trong cc bi ton in xoay chiu.
I. KHI NIM V S PHC:
1- S phc x l s c dng x i = + a b
a l phn thc: Re x a = ; b l phn o: Imx b = , i n v o:
2
1 i =
2- Biu din s phc x a bi = + trn mt phng phc:
OM= r: moun ca s phc ,
2 2
r a b = + . : acgumen ca s phc,
Im
tan
Re
b x
a x
= =
3- Dng lng gic ca s phc:
Theo cng thc le: (cos sin ) .
i
x a bi r i r e A
= + = + = = Z
* cos
* sin
a r
b r

4- Biu din mt hm iu ho di dng s phc:
Hm iu ha cos( . ) x A t e = + biu din vect quay ti t = 0:
0
| |
cos( . ) :
( , )
t
A OM A
x A t A
Ox OM
e
=

= =
= +

=

Ta thy: a = Acos, b = Asin=> ti t = 0 ,biu din x bi : (cos sin ) .
i
x a bi A i Ae
= + = + =
Vy mt hm iu ha (xt ti t = 0) c th vit di cc dng s phc nh sau:

cos( . ) . (cos sin )
t o j
x A t x Ae A i A
e
=
= + Z = = = + = a+bi

Vi :
2 2
cos , sin ,
tan
A a b
a A b A
b
a

= +
= =

=

IIVIT PHNG TRNH DAO NG IU HA:
1- C s l thuyt:
(0)
(0)
0
(0)
(0)
cos
cos
cos( . )
sin( . ) sin
sin
t
x A a
x A
x A t
v
v A t v A
A b
e
e e e

e
=
= =
= = +

= + =
= =

Vy
(0)
0
(0)
cos( ) ,
t
a x
x A t x a bi
v
b
e
e
=
=
= + = +

=

2- Phng php gii: it lc t = 0 c:
(0)
(0)
(0)
(0)
cos( )
a x
A
v
x x i x t
v
b
A e
e
e

=
= Z = +

y

b M

O a x

r

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3. Chn ch thc hin tnh s phc ca my: CASIO fx570ES, 570ES Plus,VI NA CAL Fx-570ES Plus
Chn ch Nt lnh ngha- Kt qu
Ch nh dng nhp / xut ton m: SHIFT MODE 1 Mn hnh xut hin Math.
Thc hin php tnh v s phc m: MODE 2 Mn hnh xut hin CMPLX
Hin th dng to cc: rZu
m: SHIFT MODE 3 2
Hin th s phc dng A Z
Hin th dng cc: a + ib.
m: SHIFT MODE 3 1
Hin th s phc dng a+bi
Chn n v o gc l Rad (R) m: SHIFT MODE 4 Mn hnh hin th ch R
Hoc(Chn n v o gc l (D) ) m: SHIFT MODE 3 (Mn hnh hin th ch D )
Nhp k hiu gc: Z
m SHIFT (-)
Mn hnh hin th k hiu Z
-Thao tc trn my tnh: Mode 2, v dng n v R (radian), Bm nhp :
(0)
(0)
v
x i
e
=
- Vi my fx 570ES, fx 570ESPlus: Mun xut hin bin A v pha ban u : Lm nh sau:

-Vi my fx 570MS : bm tip SHIFT + ( ( ) r A u u Z Z ), = (Re-Im): hin A, SHIFT = (Re-Im) : hin .
Lu : Nu my Fx570ES ci lnh SHIFT MODE 3 2 dng: AZ th khng cn bm SHIFT 2 3
4- Th d:
V d 1.Vt m dao ng iu ha vi tn s 0,5Hz, ti gc thi gian n c li x
(0)
= 4cm, vn tc v
(0)
=
12,56cm/s, ly 3,14 t = . Hy vit phng trnh dao ng.
Gii: Tnh e= 2tf =2t.0,5= t (rad/s)

(0)
(0)
4
0: 4 4
4
a x
t x i
v
b
e
= =
= =
= =
. Nhp: 4 - 4i =
23 co 4 )
4 4
s 2 ( 4 2 x SHIF t cm T
t
t
t
Z = =

V d 2 . Vt m gn vo u mt l xo nh, dao ng iu ha vi chu k 1s. ngi ta kch thch dao ng
bng cch ko m khi v tr cn bng ngc chiu dng mt on 3cm ri bung. Chn gc ta VTC,
gc thi gian lc bung vt, hy vit phng trnh dao ng.
Gii: e= 2t/T=2t/1= 2t (rad/s)

(0)
(0)
3
0: 3;
0
a x
t x
v
b
e
= =
= =
= =
Nhp: -3, =
2 cos(2 ) 3 3 3 x SHIF m T t c t t t Z = + =

V d 3. Vt nh m =250g c treo vo u di mt l xo nh, thng ng k = 25N/m. T VTC ngi ta kch
thch dao ng bng cch truyn cho m mt vn tc 40cm/s theo phng ca trc l xo. Chn gc ta VTC, gc
thi gian lc m qua VTC ngc chiu dng, hy vit phng trnh dao ng.
Gii:

(0)
(0)
0
10 / ; 4
4
a x
k
rad s x i
v
m
b
e
e
= =
= = =
= =
. Nhp: 4i,=
2 3 cos
2
0 ) 4 (1 4
2
x SHIF m T t c
t t
Z = + =

m SHIFT 2 mn hnh xut hin nh hnh bn
Nu bm tip phm 3 = kt qu dng cc (r Z u )
Nu bm tip phm 4 = kt qu dng phc (a+bi )
( ang thc hin php tnh )

5. Ch cc v tr c bit: (Hnh v bn phi)
V tr ca vt
lc u t=0
Phn
thc: a
Phn o:
bi
Kt qu:
a+bi = AZ
Phng trnh:
x=Acos(et+)
in dng(I):
x
0 =
A; v
0
= 0
a = A 0 AZ0 x=Acos(et)
Theo chiu m (II):
x
0 =
0 ; v
0
< 0
a = 0 bi = Ai AZ t/2 x=Acos(et+t/2)
Bin m(III):
x
0
= - A; v
0
= 0
a = -A 0 AZ t x=Acos(et+t)
Theo chiu dng
(IV): x
0
= 0 ;v
0
> 0
a = 0 bi= -Ai AZ- t/2 x=Acos(et-t/2)
V tr bt k: a= x
0

0
v
bi i
e
=

AZ x=Acos(et+)
6. Tin li: Nhanh, HS ch cn tnh , vit ng cc iu kin ban u v vi thao tc bm my.

III.GII NHANH TNG HP DAO NG:
A.TNG HP CC DAO NG IU HA
1.Tng hp hai dao ng iu ho cng phng cng tn s :
x
1
= A
1
cos (et +
1
) v x
2
= A
2
cos (et +
2
) th: x = x
1
+ x
2
ta c x = Acos (et + ) .
Vi: A
2
= A
1
2
+ A
2
2
+2A
1
A
2
cos (
2
-
1
);
tan =
2 2 1 1
2 2 1 1
cos cos
sin sin

A A
A A
+
+
[
1

2
; nu
1

2
]
2. Nu mt vt tham gia ng thi nhiu dao ng iu ho cng phng cng tn s:
x
1
= A
1
cos (et +
1
), x
2
= A
2
cos (et +
2
) v x
3
= A
3
cos (et +
3
) ... th dao ng tng hp cng l dao ng iu ho
cng phng cng tn s: x = Acos (et + ) .
Chiu ln trc Ox v trc Oy trong h xOy. Ta c: A
x
= Acos = A
1
cos
1
+

A
2
cos
2
+

A
3
cos
3
+

..
v A
y
= A sin = A
1
sin
1
+

A
2
sin
2
+

A
3
sin
3
+

..
Bin : : A =
2 2
x y
A A +
v Pha ban u :
tan =
y
x
A
A
vi e [
Min
,
Max
]
3. Khi bit dao ng thnh phn x
1
=A
1
cos (et +
1
) v dao ng tng hp x = Acos(et + ) th dao ng
thnh phn cn li l x
2
=x - x
1 .
vi

x
2
= A
2
cos (et +
2
).
Bin : A
2
2
=A
2
+ A
1
2
-2A
1
Acos( -
1
); Pha tan
2
=
1 1
1 1
sin sin
cos cos
A A
A A

vi
1

2
(nu
1

2
)
4.Nhc im ca phng php trn khi lm trc nghim:
-Xc nh A v ca dao ng tng hp theo phng php trn mt nhiu thi gian. Vic biu din gin vct l phc
tp vi nhng tng hp t 3 dao ng tr ln, hay i tm dao ng thnh phn!
-Xc nh gc hay
2
tht s kh khn i vi hc sinh bi v cng mt gi tr tan lun tn ti hai gi tr ca (v
d: tan=1 th = t/4 hoc -3t/4). Vy chn gi tr no cho ph hp vi bi ton!.
- c bit trong phm vi : -180
0
< < 180
0
hay -t< < t rt ph hp vi bi ton tng hp dao ng.
Vy tng hp cc dao ng iu ho cng phng, cng tn s ng ngha vi vic:
Cng cc s phc:
1 1 2 2
A A A Z + Z = Z

v Tr cc s phc:
2 2 1 1
A A A Z Z = Z
;
1 1 2 2
A A A Z Z = Z

II
Hnh
III
I
IV
-A
M
O
x
X
0

A

m: MODE 2 xut hin ch CMPLX
B. GII PHP: Dng my tnh CASIO fx570ES, 570ES Plus hoc CASIO fx 570MS.
1. C s l thuyt:x = Acos(et + ) biu din bng vect quay A vi bin A v pha ban u , hoc
biu din bng s phc :
(cos sin ) .
i
x i i b e a A A

= + = + =
. (vi mun: A=
2 2
a b + )
+Trong my CASIO fx- 570ES; 570MS k hiu l: r Z u (ta hiu l: A Z ).
2.Chn ch thc hin php tnh s phc ca my: CASI O fx570ES, 570ES Plus
Hin th dng to cc: rZu
m: SHIFT MODE 3 2
Hin th s phc dng A Z
m: SHIFT MODE 3 1
Hoc Chn n v o gc l (D) m: SHIFT MODE 3 Mn hnh hin th ch D
Nhp k hiu gc Z
m SHIFT (-). Mn hnh hin th Z
V d: Cch nhp: x= 8cos(et+ t/3) s c biu din vi s phc: 8Z 60
0
hay 8Z

3
ta lm nh sau:
My CASIO fx 570ES; 570ES Plus m: MODE 2 xut hin CMPLX
+Chn n v gc l (D) bm: SHIFT MODE 3 hin th D Nhp my: 8 SHIFT (-) 60 hin th: 8Z60
+Chn n v gc l Rad(R) bm:SHIFT MODE 4 mn hnh hin th R
Nhp my: 8 SHIFT (-) (t:3 s hin th l: 8Z
1
3

Kinh nghim: Nhp vi n v nhanh hn n v rad
(V nhp theo n v rad phi c du ngoc n (),
hoc phi nhp dng phn s nn thao tc nhp lu hn).
V d: Nhp 90 th nhanh hn nhp (t/2) hay
2

Tuy nhin d nhn v thn thin ta nn nhp theo
n v rad (R)
Bng chuyn i n v gc: (Rad)=
(D).
180

n v gc () 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165 180 360
n v gc (Rad) 1
12

1
6

1
4

1
3

5
12

1
2

7
12

2
3

3
4

5
6

11
12

t 2t
3.Lu : Kt qu c th hin th dng i s: a +bi (hoc dng cc: AZ ).
-Chuyn t dng : a + bi sang dng: AZ , bm SHIFT 2 3 =
V d: Nhp: 8 SHIFT (-) (t:3 ->Nu hin th: 4+ 4 3 i , mun chuyn sang dng cc AZ :
m SHIFT 2 3 = kt qu: 8Z
1
3

V d: Nhp: 8 SHIFT (-) (t:3 -> Nu hin th: 8Z
1
3
, mun chuyn sang dng phc a+bi :
m SHIFT 2 4 = kt qu :4+4 3 i

Nu bm tip phm 3 = kt qu dng cc (r Z u )
Nu bm tip phm 4 = kt qu dng phc (a+bi )
( ang thc hin php tnh )

4. Tm dao ng tng hp xc nh A v bng cch thc hin php CNG:
a.Vi my FX570ES; 570ES Plus : m: MODE 2 mn hnh xut hin: CMPLX.
Chn n v gc l Rad bm: SHIFT MODE 4 mn hnh hin th R
(hoc chn n v gc l bm: SHIFT MODE 3 mn hnh hin th D )
Thc hin php cng s phc:
1 1 2 2
A A A Z + Z = Z
Ta lm nh sau:
-Nhp: A
1
SHIFT (-)
1
+ A
2
SHIFT (-)
2
= hin th kt qu.: a+bi (hoc: AZ)
(Nu hin th s phc dng: a+bi th bm SHIFT 2 3 = hin th kt qu: AZ)
b.Vi my FX570MS : m MODE 2 mn hnh xut hin ch: CMPLX.
Thc hin php cng s phc:
1 1 2 2
A A A Z + Z = Z
Ta lm nh sau:
Nhp A
1
SHIFT (-)
1
+ A
2
SHIFT (-)
2
=
Bm tip SHIFT + = hin th kt qu : A. SHIFT = hin th kt qu :
c.Lu Ch hin th mn hnh kt qu: Sau khi nhp ta n du = c th hin th kt qu di dng: phn
s, v t, hu t,...mun kt qu di dng thp phn ta n SHIFT = (hoc dng phm SD ) chuyn i
kt qu Hin th.

d.Cc v d:
V d 1: Mt vt thc hin ng thi hai dao ng iu ha cng phng, cng tn s c phng trnh:
x
1
= 5cos(t t +t /3) (cm); x
2
= 5cost t (cm). Dao ng tng hp ca vt c phng trnh
A. x = 5 3 cos(t t -t /4 ) (cm) B.x = 5 3 cos(t t + t /6) (cm)
C. x = 5cos(t t + t /4) (cm) D.x = 5cos(t t - t /3) (cm) p n
Phng php truyn thng Phng php dng s phc
in :
2 2
1 2 1 2 2 1
2. .cos( ) = + + A A A A A
Pha ban u : tan =
2 2 1 1
2 2 1 1
cos cos
sin sin

A A
A A
+
+

Th s:

A=
2 2
5 5 2.5.5.cos( / 3) 5 3 + + = t (cm)
tan =
5.sin( / 3) 5.sin0 5. 3 / 2 3
1
5cos( / 3) 5.cos 0 3
5. 1
2
+
= =
+
+
t
t
=>
= t/6. Vy :x = 5 3 cos(t t + t /6) (cm)

-Vi my FX570ES: m: MODE 2
-n v gc l (D) Bm: SHIFT MODE 3
Nhp: 5 SHIFT (-)Z (60) + 5 SHIFT (-) Z 0 =
Hin th 5 3 Z30 =>:x = 5 3 cos(t t +t /6)(cm)
(Nu Hin th dng cc:
15 5 3
2 2
+ i th
m SHIFT 2 3 = Hin th: 5 3 Z30 )
-n v o gc l Rad (R) bm: SHIFT MODE 4
Nhp :5 SHIFT (-).Z (t/3) + 5 SHIFT (-) Z 0 =
Hin th: 5 3 Z
1
6

V d 2: Mt vt thc hin ng thi hai dao ng iu ho cng phng, cng tn s
x
1
= cos(2tt + t)(cm), x
2
= 3 .cos(2tt - t/2)(cm). Phng trnh ca dao ng tng hp
A. x = 2.cos(2tt - 2t/3) (cm) B. x = 4.cos(2tt + t/3) (cm)
C. x = 2.cos(2tt + t/3) (cm) D. x = 4.cos(2tt + 4t/3) (cm)
Gii: Vi FX570ES;570ES Plus: m MODE 2 , Chn n v gc (R): m SHIFT MODE 4

-Nhp my: 1 SHIFT(-) Z t + 3 SHIFT(-) Z (-t/2 = Hin th: 2Z-
2
3
. p n A
V d 3: Mt vt dao ng iu ha xung quanh v tr cn bng dc theo trc xOx c li
) ( )
2
2 cos(
3
4
) )(
6
2 cos(
3
4
cm t cm t x
t
t
t
t + + + = . in v pha ban u ca dao ng l:
A. .
3
; 4 rad cm
t
B. .
6
; 2 rad cm
t
C. .
6
; 3 4 rad cm
t
D. .
3
;
3
8
rad cm
t
p n A
Gii 1: Vi FX570ES , 570ES Plus: m MODE 2 Chn n v gc (R): SHIFT MODE 4
Nhp my:
4
3
SHIFT (-). Z (t/6) +
4
3
SHIFT (-). Z (t/2 = Hin th: 4 Z
1
3

V d 4: a dao ng iu ha cng phng, cng tn s c phng trnh ln lt:x
1
= 4 cos(tt - t/2) (cm) , x
2
=
6cos(tt +t/2) (cm) v x
3
=2cos(tt) (cm). Dao ng tng hp ca 3 dao ng ny c bin v pha ban u l
A. 2 2 cm; t/4 rad B. 2 3 cm; - t/4 rad C.12cm; + t/2 rad D.8cm; - t/2 rad
Gii: Vi FX570ES; 570ES Plus: m MODE 2 . Chn n v gc (R). SHIFT MODE 4
Tm dao ng tng hp, nhp my:
4 SHIFT(-)Z (- t/2) + 6 SHIFT(-)Z (t/2) + 2 SHIFT(-)Z 0 = Hin th: 2 2 Z t/4. Chn A

V d 5: Dao ng tng hp ca hai dao ng iu ha cng phng, cng tn s
x
1
= a 2 cos(tt+t/4)(cm) v x
2
= a.cos(tt + t) (cm) c phng trnh dao ng tng hp l
A. x = a 2 cos(tt +2t/3)(cm) B. x = a.cos(tt +t/2)(cm)
C. x = 3a/2.cos(tt +t/4)(cm) D. x = 2a/3.cos(tt +t/6)(cm) Chn
Gii: Vi FX570ES;570ES Plus: m MODE 2 : CMPLX. Chn n v gc (D) m: SHIFT MODE 3
( Lu : Khng nhp a) Nhp my : 2 SHIFT(-)Z45 + 1 SHIFT(-)Z180 = Hin th: 1Z 90.
V d 6: Tm dao ng tng hp ca bn DH cng phng sau:

1 2
10cos(20 )( ), 6 3cos(20 )( )
6 2
x t cm x t cm
t t
t t = =

3 4
4 3cos(20 )( ), 10cos(20 )( )
6
x t cm x t cm
t
t t = = +
Gii:
6
1 1
10cos(20 ) 10
6
i
x t x e
t
t
t

= =
,
2
2 2
6 3cos(20 ) 6 3
2
i
x t x e
t
t
t

= =

3 1
4 3cos(20 ) 4 3 x t x t = = ,
6
4 4
10cos(20 ) 10
6
i
x t x e
t
t
t = + =
Bm: 10 6 3 4 3 10
6 2 6
t t t
Z + Z + Z ,SHIFT, 2, 3 = hin th: 6 6
4
t
Z cos(20 6 6 )
4
)( x t cm
t
t =

V d 7: Hai cht im M
1
,M
2
chuyn ng trn hai ng thng song song, theo phng Ox song song vi
hai ng thng trn, chng ln lt c cc phng trnh
1
3(cos 2 . )
2
x t cm
t
t = v
2
3 3cos 2 . ( ) x t cm t = . Tm
khong cch gia M
1
v M
2
theo phng Ox trn .
Gii:
1
3cos(2 )
2
x t
t
t = ,
2
3 3cos(2 ) x t t = Ta c:
1 2 2 1
| | | | 3 3 3
2
M M x x x x
t
= A = A = Z
Bm my: 2 3
6
3 6 3 3 ;
2
SHIFT
t t
= Z Z Vy:
1 2
| 6cos(2 ) | ( )
6
M M t cm
t
t = +


e. Trc nghim vn dng :
Cu 1: Mt vt thc hin ng thi hai dao ng iu ha cng phng, cng tn s theo cc phng trnh: x
1

= acos(tt + t/2)(cm) v x
2
= a 3 cos(tt) (cm). Phng trnh ca dao ng tng hp
A. x = 2acos(tt + t/6) (cm) B. x = 2acos(tt -t/6) (cm)
C. x = 2acos(tt - t/3) (cm) D. x = 2acos(tt + t/3) (cm)(Lu khng nhp a) p n A

5. Tm dao ng thnh phn ( xc nh A
2
v
2
) bng cch thc hin php TR:
V d tm dao ng thnh phn x
2
: x
2
=x - x
1
vi : x
2
= A
2
cos(et +
2
) Xc nh A
2
v
2
?
a.Vi my FX570ES; 570ES Plus: m MODE 2 mn hnh xut hin: CMPLX
Thc hin php tr s phc:
2 2 1 1
A A A Z Z = Z
; hoc
1 1 2 2
A A A Z Z = Z

Nhp A SHIFT (-) - (ch du tr), Nhp A
1
SHIFT (-)
1
= kt qu.
(Nu hin th s phc th bm SHIFT 2 3 = kt qu trn mn hnh: A
2
Z
2

b.Vi my FX570MS m MODE 2 mn hnh xut hin: CMPLX
Thc hin php tr s phc:
2 2 1 1
A A A Z Z = Z
; hoc
1 1 2 2
A A A Z Z = Z

Nhp A SHIFT (-) - (ch du tr), Nhp A
1
SHIFT (-)
1
=
Bm tip SHIFT + = hin th kt qu: A
2.
bm

SHIFT = hin th kt qu :
2

c.Cc v d :
V d 8: Mt cht im dao ng iu ho c phng trnh dao ng tng hp x=5 2 cos(tt+5t/12)(cm) vi
cc dao ng thnh phn cng phng l x
1
=A
1
cos(tt +
1
) v x
2
=5cos(tt+t/6)(cm), in v pha ban u
ca dao ng 1 l:
A. 5cm;
1
= 2t/3 B.10cm;
1
= t/2 C.5 2 (cm)
1
= t/4 D. 5cm;
1
= t/3
Gii: Vi FX570ES; 570ES Plus:m MODE 2 CMPLX. Chn n v gc l rad: SHIFT MODE 4 .
- Nhp my: 5 2 SHIFT(-) Z (5t/12) 5 SHIFT(-) Z (t/6 = Hin th: 5 Z
2
3
. chn A
V d 9: Mt vt ng thi tham gia 3 dao ng cng phng, cng tn s c phng trnh dao ng: x
1
= 2 3 cos(2t
+ t/3) (cm), x
2
= 4cos(2t +t/6) (cm) v x
2
= A
3
cos(tt +
3
) (cm). Phng trnh dao ng tng hp c dng x = 6cos(2t
- t/6) (cm). Tnh bin dao ng v pha ban u ca dao ng thnh phn th 3:
A. 8cm v - t/2 . B. 6cm v t/3. C. 8cm v t/6 . D. 8cm v t/2. Chn A
Gii: Vi FX570ES;570ES Plus: m chn MODE 2 mn hnh xut hin : CMPLX
Chn n v o gc l rad (R) SHIFT MODE 4 . Tm dao ng thnh phn th 3: x
3
= x - x
1
x
2

Nhp my: 6 SHIFT(-) Z (-t/6) - 2 3 SHIFT(-) Z (t/3) - 4 SHIFT(-) Z (t/6 = Hin th: 8 Z-
1
2
.
d.Trc nghim vn dng:
Cu 1: Dao ng tng hp ca hai dao ng iu ha cng phng, c phng trnh
5
3cos( )
6
x t
t
t = (cm). it dao
ng th nht c phng trnh li
1
5cos( )
6
x t
t
t = + (cm). Dao ng th hai c phng trnh li l
A.
2
8cos( )
6
x t
t
t = + (cm). B.
2
2cos( )
6
x t
t
t = + (cm).C.
2
5
2cos( )
6
x t
t
t = (cm). D.
2
5
8cos( )
6
x t
t
t = (cm).
Cu 2: Mt vt ng thi tham gia 2 dao ng cng phng, cng tn s c phng trnh dao ng: x
1
= 8cos(2t + t/2)
(cm) v x
2
= A
2
cos(tt +
2
) (cm). Phng trnh dao ng tng hp c dng x=8 2 cos(2t + t/4) (cm). Tnh bin dao
ng v pha ban u ca dao ng thnh phn th 2:
A. 8cm v 0 . B. 6cm v t/3. C. 8cm v t/6 . D. 8cm v t/2.

1
= 8cos(2t + t/2)
(cm), x
2
= 2cos(2t -t/2) (cm) v x
3
= A
3
cos(2tt +
3
) (cm). Phng trnh dao ng tng hp c dng x = 6 2 cos(2t +
t/4) (cm). Tnh bin dao ng v pha ban u ca dao ng thnh phn th 3:
A. 6cm v 0 . B. 6cm v t/3. C. 8cm v t/6 . D. 8cm v t/2.
1
= a.cos(2t + t/2)
, x
2
= 2a.cos(2t -t/2) v x
3
= A
3
cos(2tt +
3
). Phng trnh dao ng tng hp c dng x = a 2 cos(2t - t/4) (cm).
Tnh bin dao ng v pha ban u ca dao ng thnh phn th 3:
A. a v 0 . B. 2a v t/3. C. a 2 v t/6 . D. 2a 2 v t/2.

IV. BI TON CNG (TR) IN P TRONG MCH IN XOAY CHIU:
1.Cng in p:Xt on mch ni tip: u = u
1
+u
2
.Vi u
1
= U
01
1 os( ) c t e + v u
2
= U
02
2 os( ) c t e +
a.Cch 1: Phng php gin vc t: Ta c tng hp cc dao ng iu ho:
-in p tng trong on mch ni tip: u = u
1
+u
2
=
01 02
1 2 os( ) os( ) + + + U c t U c t e e

-in p tng c dng: u = U
0 s( ) + co t e

Vi: U
0
2
= U
2
01
+ U
02
2
+ 2.U
02
.U
01
. Cos( 1 2) ;
01 1 02 2
01 1 02 2
sin .sin
tan
cos cos
+
=
+
U U
U U

V d 1 : Cho mch gm: on AM cha: R, C mc ni tip vi on M cha cun cm L,r. Tm u
AB
= ?
it: u
AM
= 100 2 s os(100 )
3
c t
t
t (V)
0
1 100 2( ),
3
AM
U V
t
= =
u
MB
= 100 2 os(100 )
6
c t
t
t + (V) ->U
0MB
= 100 2 (V) , 2
6
t
=
Bi gii: Dng cng thc tng hp dao ng: u
AB
=u
AM
+u
MB

+ U
0AB
=
2 2
(100 2) (100 2) 2.100. 2.100 2.cos( ) 200( )
3 6
V
t t
+ + = => U
0AB
= 200(V)
+
100 2 sin( ) 100 2 sin( )
3 6
tan
100 2 cos( ) 100 2 cos( )
12
3 6
t t
t t
t
=

+
=
+
. Vy u
AB
= 200 os(10
1
0 )
2
c t t
t
(V)
b.Cch 2: Dng my tnh CASIO fx 570ES ; 570ES Plus, VINA CAL Fx-570ES Plus: RT NHANH!
Chn ch ca my tnh:
Ci t ban u (Reset all):
m: SHIFT 9 3 = = Reset all ( c th khng cn thit)
Dng to cc: rZu
m: SHIFT MODE 3 2
Hin th s phc dng: A Z
m: SHIFT MODE 3 1
Hin th s phc dng: a+bi
Nhp k hiu gc Z
m SHIFT (-)
Mn hnh hin th Z

2.V d cch nhp my: Cho: u
AM
= 100 2 s os(100 )
3
c t
t
t (V),biu din 100 2 Z-60
0
hoc 100 2 Z-
1
3

Chn ch : m MODE 2 xut hin CMPLX, Chn n v gc l bm: SHIFT MODE 3 hin th D
Nhp: 100 2 SHIFT (-) -60 hin th : 100 2 Z -60
-Chn n v o gc l Rad (R) bm: SHIFT MODE 4 mn hnh hin th R
Hnh
u
AM

B A
R L,r
u
MB

M
C

Nhp: 100 2 SHIFT (-) (-t:3 hin th : 100 2 Z-
1
3

-Cn chn ch mc nh theo dng to cc r Zu (ta hiu l A Z
- Chuyn t dng : a + bi sang dng AZ , ta bm SHIFT 2 3 =

3. Xc nh U
0
v
bng cch bm my tnh: FX570ES; 570ES Plus , VINACAL 570EsPlus

u
AM
+u
MB
= u
AB
=>
01 1 02 2 0
U U U Z + Z = Z
xc nh U
0
v .
+Vi my FX570ES; 570ES Plus ,VINACAL 570EsPlus: m MODE 2 xut hin: CMPLX.
-Nhp U
01
SHIFT (-)
1
+ U
02
SHIFT (-)
2
= kt qu.
(Nu hin th s phc dng: a+bi th bm SHIFT 2 3 = hin th kt qu : AZ
+Vi my FX570MS : m MODE 2 mn hnh xut hin : CMPLX.
Nhp U
01
SHIFT (-)
1
+ U
02
SHIFT (-)
2
=
Sau bm SHIFT + = hin th kt qu l: A SHIFT = hin th kt qu l:
+Lu Ch hin th kt qu trn mn hnh:
Sau khi nhp, n du = hin th kt qu di dng v t, mun kt qu di dng thp phn ta n SHIFT =
( hoc dng phm SD ) chuyn i kt qu Hin th.

4.V d 1 trn : Tm u
AB
= ? vi: u
AM
= 100 2 os(100 )
3
c t
t
t (V)
0
1 100 2( ),
3
AM U V
t
= =
u
MB
= 100 2 os(100 )
6
c t
t
t + (V) -> U
0MB
= 100 2 (V) , 2
6
t
=
Gii 1: Vi my FX570ES ;570ES Plus,VINACAL 570Es Plus : m MODE 2 xut hin: CMPLX
Chn n v o gc l D (): SHIFT MODE 3
Tm u
AB
? Nhp my:100 2 SHIFT (-) Z (-60) + 100 2 SHIFT (-) Z 30 = kt qu : 200Z-15 .
Vy u
AB
= 200
0
os( 15 ) c t e (V) Hay: u
AB
= 200 os(100 )
12
c t
t
t (V)
Gii 2: Chn n v o gc l R (Radian): SHIFT MODE 4
Tm u
AB
? Nhp my:100 2 SHIFT (-).Z (-t/3) + 100 2 SHIFT (-) Z(t/6 = kt qu: 200Z-t/12 .
Vy u
AB
= 200 os(10
1
0 )
2
c t t
t
(V)
5. Nu cho u
1
=U
01
cos(et +
1
) v u =u
1
+u
2
=U
0
cos(et +) .
Tm dao ng thnh phn u
2
: (V d hnh minh ha bn)
u
2
= u - u
1 .
vi: u
2
= U
02
cos(et +
2
). Xc nh U
02
v
2

*Vi my FX570ES;570ES Plus,VINACAL 570EsPlus : m MODE 2
Nhp my: U
0
SHIFT (-) - (tr) U
01
SHIFT (-)
1
= kt qu.
(Nu hin th s phc th bm SHIFT 2 3 = kt qu trn mn hnh l: U
02
Z
2

*Vi my FX570MS : m MODE 2
Nhp my: U
0
SHIFT (-) - (tr) U
01
SHIFT (-)
1
=
bm SHIFT (+) = , ta c U
02
; bm SHIFT (=) ; ta c
2

V d 2: Nu t vo hai u mt mch in cha mt in tr thun v mt cun cm thun mc ni tip mt in p
xoay chiu c biu thc u = 100 2 cos( e t +
4
t
) (V), th khi in p hai u in tr thun c biu thc
u
R
=100cos( e t) (V). iu thc in p gia hai u cun cm thun s l
A. u
L
= 100 cos( e t +
2
t
)(V). B. u
L
= 100 2 cos( e t +
4
t
)(V).
Hnh
u
1

B A
X Y
u
2

M


C. u
L
= 100 cos( e t +
4
t
)(V). D. u
L
= 100 2 cos( e t +
2
t
)(V).
Gii 1: Vi my FX570ES ;570ES Plus,VINACAL 570EsPlus : m MODE 2 xut hin : CMPLX
Chn n v o gc l D (): SHIFT MODE 3 mn hnh xut hin D
Tm u
L
? Nhp my:100 2 SHIFT (-).Z (45) - 100 SHIFT (-). Z 0 =
Hin th kt qu : 100Z90 . Vy u
L
= 100
2
os( ) + c t
t
e (V) Chn A
Gii 2: Chn n v o gc l R (Radian): SHIFT MODE 4
Tm u
L
? Nhp my:100 2 SHIFT (-).Z (t/4) - 100 SHIFT (-). Z 0 =
Hin th kt qu: 100Zt/2 . Vy u
L
= 100
2
os( ) c t
t
e + (V) Chn A
V d 3: Nu t vo hai u mt mch in cha mt in tr thun v mt t in mc ni tip mt in p xoay chiu
c biu thc u = 100 2 cos( e t -
4
t
)(V), khi in p hai u in tr thun c biu thc u
R
=100cos( e t)(V). Biu thc
in p gia hai u t in s l
A. u
C
= 100 cos( e t -
2
t
)(V). B. u
C
= 100 2 cos( e t +
4
t
)(V).
C. u
C
= 100 cos( e t +
4
t
)(V). D. u
C
= 100 2 cos( e t +
2
t
)(V).
Gii 1: Vi my FX570ES ;570ES Plus,VINACAL 570EsPlus: m MODE 2 xut hin CMPLX
Chn n v o gc l (D) : SHIFT MODE 3
Tm u
c
? Nhp my:100 2 SHIFT (-).Z (-45) - 100 SHIFT (-). Z 0 =
Hin th kt qu : 100Z-90 . Vy u
C
= 100
2
os( ) c t
t
e (V) Chn A
Gii 2: Chn n v o gc l Radian ( R): SHIFT MODE 4
Tm u
C
? Nhp my:100 2 SHIFT (-).Z (-t/4) - 100 SHIFT (-). Z 0 =
Hin th kt qu: 100Z-t/2 . Vy u
C
= 100
2
os( ) c t
t
e (V Chn A
V d 4: on mch A c in tr thun, cun dy thun cm v t in mc ni tip. M l mt im trn trn don A
vi in p u
AM
= 10cos100tt (V) v u
MB
= 10 3 cos (100tt -
t
2
) (V). Tm biu thc in p u
AB
.?
A. u 20 2cos(100 t) (V)
AB
= t B.
AB
u 10 2cos 100 t (V)
3
t
= t +
| |
|
\ .

C. u 20.cos 100 t V)
AB
3
(
t
= t +
| |
|
\ .
D.
AB
u 20.cos 100 t V)
3
(
t
= t
| |
|
\ .

Chn D
Gii : Chn n v o gc l Radian (R): SHIFT MODE 4
Tm u
AB
? Nhp my:10 SHIFT (-).Z 0 + 10 3 SHIFT (-). Z (-t/2 =
Hin th kt qu: 20Z-t/3 . Vy u
C
= 20 os(100 )
3
c t t
t
(V) Chn D

6. Trc nghim vn dng :
Cu 1: t in p xoay chiu vo hai u on mch R, L thun cm , C mc ni tip th in p on mch cha LC l
1
60cos 100 . ( )
2
u t V
t
t
| |
= +
|
\ .
(A) v in p hai u R on mch l ( )
2
60cos 100 . ( ) u t V t = . in p hai u on mch
l:
A. ( ) 3 / . 100 cos 2 60 t t = t u (V). B. ( ) 6 / . 100 cos 2 60 t t = t u (V)

C
L
A B
R M
C.
( ) 60 2 cos 100 . / 4 u t t t = + (V). D. ( ) 6 / . 100 cos 2 60 t t + = t u (V). Chn C
Cu 2: Cho mch in xoay chiu nh hnh v . t vo hai u A, mt in p xoay chiu , in p tc thi gia cc
im A v M , M v c dng :
( )
AM
u 15 2 cos 200 t / 3 (V) = t t
V ( )
MB
u 15 2 cos 200 t (V) = t . iu thc in p gia A v c dng :
A.
AB
u 15 6 cos(200 t / 6)(V) = t t B. ( )
AB
u 15 6 cos 200 t / 6 (V) = t +t
C. ( )
AB
u 15 2 cos 200 t / 6 (V) = t t D. ( )
AB
u 15 6 cos 200 t (V) = t
Cu 3(H2009): t in p xoay chiu vo hai u on mch c R, L, C mc ni tip. it R = 10 , cun cm thun
c L=1/(10) (H), t in c C = (F) v in p gia hai u cun cm thun l u
L
= 20 cos(100t + /2) (V). iu
thc in p gia hai u on mch l
A. u = 40cos(100t + /4) (V). B. u = 40 cos(100t /4) (V).
C. u = 40 cos(100t + /4) (V). D. u = 40cos(100t /4) (V). Chn D
Cu 4: Hai u on mch CRL ni tip c mt in p xoay chiu: u
AB
=100 2 cos(100t)(V), in p gia hai u
MB l: u
MB
= 100cos(100t +
4
t
)(V).
iu thc ca in p gia hai u on AM l:
A. u
AM
= 100cos(100t +
2
t
)V. B. u
AM
= 100 2 cos(100t -
2
t
)V.
C. u
AM
= 100cos(100t -
4
t
)V D. u
AM
= 100 2 cos(100t -
4
t
)V. Chn C
Cu 5: Mt mch in xoay chiu RLC ( hnh v) c R = 100O;
L=
3
t
(H). in p hai u on mch AM cha R c dng:
u
1
= 100 cos100t t(V). Vit biu thc tc thi in p hai u A ca mch in.
A. 200 2 cos(100 )
3
u t
t
t = + (V) B. 200 2 cos(100 )
4
u t
t
t = (V)
C. 200cos(100 )
3
u t
t
t = + (V) D. 200 2 cos(100 )
4
u t
t
t = (V). Chn C
Cu 6: mch in hnh v bn , khi t mt in p xoay chiu vo A th 120 2 os(100 )
AM
u c t V t = v
120 2 os(100 )
3
MB
u c t V
t
t = + . iu thc in p hai u A l :
A. 120 2 os(100 )
4
AB
u c t V
t
t = + . B. 240 os(100 )
6
AB
u c t V
t
t = + .
C. 120 6 os(100 )
6
AB
u c t V
t
t = + . D. 240 os(100 )
4
AB
u c t V
t
t = + .

Hnh
u
1

B A
R L
u
2

M
M

C
A B
R L,r

B
r
B
- - -
A
M

V. TM BIU THC i HOC u TRONG MCH IN XOAY CHIU:
1.Phng php gii truyn thng:
Cho R , L, C ni tip. Nu cho u=U
0
cos(et+
u
),vit i? Hoc nu cho i=I
0
cos(et+
i
),vit u?
Bc 1: Tnh tng tr Z: Tnh
L
Z L e = .;
1 1
2
C
Z
C fC e t
= = v
2 2
( )
L C
Z R Z Z = +
Bc 2: nh lut m : U v I lin h vi nhau bi
U
I
Z
= ; I
o
=
Z
U
o
;
Bc 3: Tnh lch pha gia u hai u mch v i: tan
L C
Z Z
R

= ; Suy ra
Bc 4: Vit biu thc i hoc u:
a) Nu cho trc u=U
0
cos(et+
u
) th i c dng: i =I
0
cos(et +
u
- ).
b) Nu cho trc i=I
0
cos(et +
i
) th u c dng: u =U
0
cos(et+
i
+ ).
V d 1: Mch in xoay chiu gm mt in tr thun R = 50O, mt cun thun cm c h s t cm
1
( ) = L H
t
v mt t in c in dung
4
2.10
( )
= C F
t
mc ni tip. it rng dng in qua mch c dng
( ) 5cos100 = i t A t .Vit biu thc in p tc thi gia hai u mch in.
Gii 1:Bc 1: Cm khng:
1
100 . 100 = = = O
L
Z L e t
t
; Dung khng:
1
... 50
C
Z
C e
= = = O

Tng tr:
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
50 100 50 50 2 = + = + = O
L C
Z R Z Z

Bc 2: nh lut m : Vi U
o
= I
o
Z = 5.50 2 = 250 2 V;
Bc 3: Tnh lch pha gia u hai u mch v i:
100 50
tan 1
50

= = =
L C
Z Z
R
4
=
t
(rad).
Bc 4: iu thc in p tc thi gia hai u mch in:
250 2cos 100
4
| |
= +
|
\ .
u t
t
t
(V).
2.Phng php dng my tnh FX-570ES, FX-570ES Plus,VINA CAL Fx-570ES Plus
a.Tm hiu cc i lng xoay chiu dng phc: Xem bng lin h
I LNG IN CNG THC DNG S PHC TRONG MY TNH FX-570ES
Cm khng Z
L
Z
L
Z
L
i (Ch trc i c du cng l Z
L
)
Dung khng Z
C
Z
C
- Z
C
i (Ch trc i c du tr l Zc )
Tng tr:
=
L
Z L.e ;
1
=
C
Z
.C e
;
( )
2
2
L C
Z R Z Z = +
( ) = +
L C
Z R Z Z i = a + bi ( vi a=R; b = (Z
L
-Z
C
) )
-Nu Z
L
>Z
C :
on

mch c tnh cm khng
-Nu Z
L
<Z
C :
on

mch c tnh dung khng
Cng dng in i=Io cos(et+ i )
0 0
i
i
i
i I I
= = Z

in p u=Uo cos(et+
u
)
0 0
u
i
u
u U U
= = Z

nh lut M
=
U
I
Z

.
u
i u i Z
Z
= => =
u
Z
i
=> =

Ch :
( ) = +
L C
Z R Z Z i
( tng tr phc Z c gch trn u: R l phn thc, (Z
L
-Z
C
) l phn o)
Cn phn bit ch i sau gi tr b = (Z
L
-Z
C
) l phn o , khc vi ch i l cng dng in.
Cho nn trong biu thc s phc cng dng in k hiu c ch i gch ngang trn u.


b.Chn ci dt my tnh: CASIO fx 570ES ; 570ES Plus, VINACAL FX-570ES Plus
Chn ch lm vic Nt lnh ngha- Kt qu
Thc hin php tnh s phc m: MODE 2 Mn hnh xut hin CMPLX
Dng to cc: rZu
m: SHIFT MODE 3 2
Hin th s phc dng: A Z
m: SHIFT MODE 3 1
Hin th s phc dng: a+bi
Nhp k hiu gc Z
m SHIFT (-)
Mn hnh hin th Z
Nhp k hiu phn o i m ENG
Mn hnh hin th i

b.Lu Ch hin th kt qu trn mn hnh:
Sau khi nhp, n du = c th hin th kt qu di dng s
v t,mun kt qu di dng thp phn ta n SHIFT =
( hoc dng phm SD ) chuyn i kt qu Hin th.

c. Cc V d :
V d 1 trn :
Gii: ... 100
L
Z L e = = = O;
1
.... 50 = = = O
C
Z
C e
. V Z
L
-Z
C
=50O
-Vi my FX570ES;570ES Plus,VINACAL 570EsPlus : m MODE 2 xut hin : CMPLX.
-m SHIFT MODE 3 2 : Ci t dng to cc:( AZ )
-Chn n v o gc l (D), bm: SHIFT MODE 3 mn hnh hin th D
Ta c : i Z Z R X I Z i u
C L i
) ( ( . . .
0
+ Z = = 5 0 50 50 = Z + X( i ) ( Php NHN hai s phc)
Nhp my: 5 SHIFT (-) 0 X ( 50 + 50

ENG i ) = Hin th: 353.55339Z45 = 250 2 Z45
Vy biu thc tc thi in p ca hai u mch: u = 250 2 cos( 100tt +t/4) (V).

V d 2: Mt mch in xoay chiu RLC khng phn nhnh c R = 100O; C=
4
1
10 . F
t

; L=
2
t
H. Cng
dng in qua mch c dng: i = 2 2 cos100t t(A). Vit biu thc in p tc thi ca hai u mch?
Gii:
2
100 200
L
Z L.e t
t
= = = O;
4
1 1
10
100
C
Z
.C
.
e
t
t
= = = 100O. V Z
L
-Z
C
=100O
-Vi my FX570ES, 570ES Plus,VINACAL 570EsPlus: m MODE 2 mn hnh xut hin : CMPLX.
-m SHIFT MODE 3 2 : Ci t dng to cc:( rZu )
Ta c : i Z Z R X I Z i u
C L i
) ( ( . . .
0
+ Z = = 2 2 0 100 100 = Z + X ( i ) ( Php NHN hai s phc)
Nhp my: 2 2 SHIFT (-) 0 X ( 100 + 100

ENG i ) = Hin th: 400Z45
Vy biu thc tc thi in p ca hai u mch: u = 400cos( 100tt +t/4) (V).
V d 3: Cho on mch xoay chiu c R=40
O
, L=
t
1
(H), C=
t 6 . 0
10
4
(F), mc ni tip in p 2 u mch
u=100 2 cos100t t (V), Cng dng in qua mch l:
A. i=2,5cos(100 t+ )( )
4
A
t
t B. i=2,5cos(100 t- )( )
4
A
t
t
Phm ENG nhp phn o i

C. i=2cos(100 t- )( )
4
A
t
t C. i=2cos(100 t+ )( )
4
A
t
t
Gii:
1
100 100 = = = O
L
Z L.e t
t
;
4
1 1
10
100
0 6
= =
C
Z
.C
.
,
e
t
t
= 60O. V Z
L
-Z
C
=40O
-Vi my FX570ES ,570ES Plus,VINACAL 570EsPlus: m MODE 2 xut hin : CMPLX.
-m SHIFT MODE 3 2 : Ci t dng to cc:( rZu )
Ta c : i
0
( ( )
u
L C
U u
R Z Z i Z
Z
= =
+

100 2 0
40 40
Z
=
+
.
( i )
( Php CHIA hai s phc)
Nhp 100 2 SHIFT (-) 0 : ( 40 + 40

ENG i ) = Hin th: 2,5Z-45
Vy : iu thc tc thi cng dng in qua mch l: i = 2,5 cos(100tt -t/4) (A). Chn
V d 4: Mt on mch in gm in tr R = 50O mc ni tip vi cun thun cm L = 0,5/t (H). t vo hai u
on mch mt in p xoay chiu u = 100 2 cos(100tt- t/4) (V). iu thc ca cng dng in qua on mch l:
A. i = 2cos(100tt- t/2)(A). B. i = 2 2 cos(100tt- t/4) (A).
C. i = 2 2 cos100tt (A). D. i = 2cos100tt (A).
Gii:
0 5
100 50 = = = O
L
,
Z L.e t
t
; . V Z
L
-Z
C
=50O - 0 = 50O
-Vi my FX570ES ,570ES Plus , VINACAL 570EsPlus: m MODE 2 xut hin: CMPLX.
m SHIFT MODE 3 2 : dng to cc:( rZu ). Chn n v o gc (D),
bm: SHIFT MODE 3 mn hnh hin th D
Ta c : i
0
( )
u
L
U u
R Z i Z
Z
= =
+

100 2 45
50 50
Z
=
+
.
( i )
Nhp 100 2 SHIFT (-) - 45 : ( 50 + 50

ENG i ) = Hin th: 2Z- 90
Vy : iu thc tc thi cng dng in qua mch l: i = 2 cos( 100tt - t/2) (A). Chn A
V d 5(H 2009): Khi t hiu in th khng i 30V vo hai u on mch gm in tr thun mc ni tip vi
cun cm thun c t cm L = 1/4t (H) th cng dng in 1 chiu l 1A. Nu t vo hai u on mch ny in
p u =150 2 cos120tt (V) th biu thc cng dng in trong mch l:

A. 5 2cos(120 )( )
4
= i t A
t
t B. 5cos(120 )( )
4
= + i t A
t
t C. 5 2cos(120 )( )
4
= + i t A
t
t D. 5cos(120 )( )
4
= i t A
t
t
Gii: Khi t hiu in th khng i (hiu in th 1 chiu) th on mch ch cn c R: R = U/I =30O

1
120 30
4
= = = O
L
Z L.e t
t
; i =
u 150 2 0
(30 30i) Z
Z
=
+
-Vi my FX570ES ,570ES Plus,VINACAL 570EsPlus : m MODE 2 xut hin: CMPLX.
-m SHIFT MODE 3 2 : Ci t dng to cc:( AZ )
Nhp my: 150 2 : ( 30 + 30

ENG i ) = Hin th: 5Z- 45
Vy: iu thc tc thi cng dng in qua mch l: i = 5cos( 120tt - t/4) (A). Chn D

3. Trc nghim vn dng:
Cu 1: Cho mch in xoay chiu c R=30
O
, L=
t
1
(H), C=
t 7 . 0
10
4
(F); in p hai u mch l u=120 2 cos100t t
(V), th cng dng in trong mch l


A. 4cos(100 )( )
4
i t A
t
t = + B. 4cos(100 )( )
4
i t A
t
t = C. 2cos(100 )( )
4
i t A
t
t = D. 2cos(100 )( )
4
i t A
t
t = +
Cu 2: Mt mch gm cun dy thun cm c cm khng bng 10 O mc ni tip vi t in c in dung
4
2
.10 C F
t

= . Dng in qua mch c biu thc 2 2 cos(100 )
3
i t A
t
t = + . iu thc in p ca hai u on mch
l:
A. 80 2 cos(100 )
6
u t
t
t = (V) B. 80 2 cos(100 )
6
u t
t
t = + (V)
C. 120 2 cos(100 )
6
u t
t
t = (V) D.
2
80 2 cos(100 )
3
u t
t
t = + (V)
Cu 3: Mt mch gm cun dy thun cm c cm khng bng 10 O mc ni tip vi t in c in dung
4
2
.10 C F
t

= . Dng in qua mch c biu thc 2 2 cos100 )
3
= + i t A
t
t . iu thc in p ca hai u on mch l:
A. 80 2 s(100 )
6
= u co t
t
t (V) B. 80 2 cos(100 )
6
= + u t
t
t (V)
C. 120 2 s(100 )
6
= u co t
t
t (V) D.
2
80 2 s(100 )
3
= + u co t
t
t (V)

VI. XC NH HP EN TRONG MCH IN XOAY CHIU:
1.Chn ci dt my tnh Fx-570ES, 570ES Plus , VINACAL 570ES Plus :
Chn ch lm vic Nt lnh ngha - Kt qu
Ci t ban u (Reset all):
m: SHIFT 9 3 = = Clear? 3: All (xa tt c)
Dng to cc: rZu (AZ )
m: SHIFT MODE 3 2
Hin th s phc dng AZ
Tnh dng to cc: a + ib.
m: SHIFT MODE 3 1
Hoc chn n v gc l Rad (R) m: SHIFT MODE 4 Mn hnh hin th ch R
Hoc (Chn n v gc l (D) ) m: SHIFT MODE 3 Mn hnh hin th ch D
Nhp k hiu gc Z
m: SHIFT (-)
Mn hnh hin th k hiu Z
Chuyn t a + bi sang AZ , m: SHIFT 2 3 = Mn hnh hin th dng AZ
Chuyn t AZ sang a + bi m: SHIFT 2 4 = Mn hnh hin th dng a + bi
S dng b nh c lp m: M+ hoc SHIFT M+ MH xut hin M v ...M+ hoc ...M-
Gi b nh c lp m: RCL M+ Mn hnh xut hin ......M
Xa b nh c lp m: SHIFT 9 2 = AC Clear Memory? [=] : Yes (mt ch M)
2. Xc nh cc thng s ( Z, R, Z
L
, Z
C
) bng my tnh:
-Tnh Z: =
u
Z
i

0
0
( )
Z
=
Z
u
i
U
I

( Php CHIA hai s phc )

Nhp my: U
0
SHIFT (-)
u
: ( I
0
SHIFT (-)
i
) =
-Vi tng tr phc :
( ) = +
L C
Z R Z Z i
, ngha l c dng (a + bi). vi a=R; b = (Z
L
-Z
C
)
-Chuyn t dng AZ sang dng: a + bi : bm SHIFT 2 4 =
3.Cc V d:
V d 1: Mt hp kn (en) ch cha hai trong ba phn t R, L, C mc ni tip. t vo hai u mch mt in
p xoay chiu u= 100 2 cos(100tt+
4
t
)(V) th cng dng in qua hp en l i= 2cos(100tt)(A) . on
mch cha nhng phn t no? Gi tr ca cc i lng ?
Gii: Vi my FX570ES,570ES Plus, VINACAL 570EsPlus: m MODE 2 bm: SHIFT MODE 3

-m SHIFT MODE 3 1 : Ci t dng to cc: (a + bi).
100 2 45
(2 0)
Z
= =
Z
u
Z
i
Nhp: 100 2 SHIFT (-) 45 : ( 2 SHIFT (-) 0

) = Hin th: 50+50i
M ( ) = +
L C
Z R Z Z i .Suy ra: R = 50O; Z
L
= 50O . Vy hp kn (en) cha hai phn t R, L.

V d 2: Mt hp kn (en) ch cha hai trong ba phn t R, L, C mc ni tip. Nu t vo hai u mch mt
in p xoay chiu u= 200 2 cos(100tt-
4
t
)(V) th cng dng in qua hp en l
i= 2cos(100tt)(A) . on mch cha nhng phn t no? Gi tr ca cc i lng ?
Gii:
-Vi my FX570ES ,570ES Plus,VINACAL 570EsPlus : m MODE 2 xut hin: CMPLX.
-Chn n v o gc l (D), bm : SHIFT MODE 3 mn hnh hin th D
200 2 45
(2 0)
Z
= =
Z
u
Z
i
: Nhp 200 2 SHIFT (-) -45 : ( 2 SHIFT (-) 0

) = Hin th: 100-100i
M ( ) = +
L C
Z R Z Z i . Suy ra: R = 100O; Z
C
= 100O . Vy hp kn (en) cha hai phn t R, C.

in p xoay chiu u= 200 6 cos(100tt+
6
t
i= 2 2 cos(100tt-
6
t
)(A) . on mch cha nhng phn t no? Gi tr ca cc i lng ?
Gii: - Vi my FX570ES , 570ES Plus,VINACAL 570EsPlus : m MODE 2 xut hin : CMPLX.
-Chn n v o gc l (D), bm : SHIFT MODE 3 mn hnh hin th ch D
200 6 30
(2 2 30)
Z
= =
Z
u
Z
i
: Nhp 200 6 SHIFT (-) 30 : ( 2 2 SHIFT (-) (-30)

=
Hin th: 86,6 +150i =50 3 +150i .Suy ra: R = 50 3 O; Z
L
= 150O. Vy hp kn cha hai phn t R, L.

in p xoay chiu u= 200 2 cos(100tt+
4
t
i= 2cos(100tt)(A) . on mch cha nhng phn t no? Gi tr ca cc i lng ?
Gii:
- Vi my FX570ES,570ES Plus,VINACAL 570EsPlus : m MODE 2 mn hnh xut hin CMPLX.
200 2 45
(2 0)
Z
= =
Z
u
Z
i
: Nhp 200 2 SHIFT (-) 45 : ( 2 SHIFT (-) 0

=
Hin th: 141.42...Z45 .bm SHIFT 2 4 = Hin th: 100+100i Hay: R = 100O; Z
L
= 100O.
Vy hp kn cha hai phn t R, L.
V d 5: Cho mch in nh hnh v: C=
4
10
(F)
t
;L=
2
(H)
t

it t vo hai u mch in p xoay chiu
L
A B
N
M
C
X

u
AB
= 200cos100tt(V) th cng dngin trong mch l
i = 4cos(100tt)(A) ; X l on mch gm hai trong ba phn t (R
0
, L
0
(thun), C
0
) mc ni tip. Cc phn t ca
hp X l:
A.R
0
= 50O; C
0
=
4
10
(F)
t
B.R
0
= 50O; C
0
=
4
10
(F)
2.
t
C.R
0
= 100O; C
0
=
4
10
(F)
t
D.R
0
= 50O;L
0
=
4
10
(F)
t

Gii Cch 1: Trc tin tnh Z
L
= 200O ; Z
C
= 100O
- Vi my FX570ES,570ES Plus,VINACAL 570EsPlus: m MODE 2 mn hnh xut hin CMPLX.
+ Bc 1: Vit u
AN
= i Z = 4x(i(200 -100)) :
Thao tc nhp my: 4 x ( ENG ( 200 - 100 ) ) shift 2 3 = M+ (S dng b nh c lp)
Kt qu l: 400 Z 90 => ngha l u
AN
= 400 cos(100tt+t/2 )(V)
+ Bc 2: Tm u
NB
=u
AB
- u
AN
: Nhp my: 200 - RCL M+ (gi b nh c lp u
AN
l

400Z 90)
SHIFT 2 3 = Kt qu l: 447,21359 Z - 63, 4349 . m : 4 (bm chia 4 : xem bn di)
+ Bc 3: Tm Z
NB :
NB
NB
u
Z
i
=
.
Nhp my : 4 kt qu:
447, 21359 63, 4349
4
Z
= 50-100i
=>Hp X c 2 phn t nn s l: R
0
= 50O; Z
C0
=100 O. Suy ra : R
0
= 50O; C
0
=
4
10
(F)
t
.p n A
Gii Cch 2:Theo cho th u v i cng pha nn mch cng hng =>Z = R
0
= U
0
/I
0
= 200/4 =50O => X c cha R
0

Tnh Z
L
= 200O ; Z
C
= 100O , do Z
C
=100O , < Z
L
= 200O => mch phi cha C
0
sao cho: Z
C
+Z
C0
= Z
L
= 200O
=> Z
C0
= Z
L
- Z
C
= 200O -100O =100O => C
0
=
4
10
(F)
t
.p n A
4.Trc nghim:
Cu 1: Cho on mch nh hnh v, bit V t u ) 100 cos( 2 100 t = , C = F
t
4
10
. Hp kn X ch cha mt phn t (R
hoc cun dy thun cm), dng in trong mch sm pha t/3 so vi in p gia hai u on mch A. Hp X cha g
? in tr hoc cm khng c gi tr bao nhiu?
A. Cha R; R = 100/ 3 O . Cha L; Z
L
= 100/ 3 O
C. Cha R; R = 100 3 O D. Cha L; Z
L
= 100 3 O
Cu 2: Cho on mch gm hai phn t X, Y mc ni tip. Trong X, Y c th l R, L hoc C. Cho bit hiu in th
gia hai u on mch l u = 200 2 cos100 tt(V) v i = 2 2 cos(100 tt - t/6)(A). Cho bit X, Y l nhng phn t no
v tnh gi tr ca cc phn t ?
A. R = 50O v L = 1/ tH. B. R = 50O v C = 100/ t F.
C. R = 50 3 O v L = 1/2 tH. D. R = 50 3 O v L = 1/ tH.
Cu 3: Mch in ni tip R, L, C trong cun dy thun cm (Z
L
< Z
C
). t vo hai u on mch mt in
p xoay chiu 200 2 cos(100tt+ t/4)(V). Khi R = 50 cng sut mch t gi tr cc i. Biu thc dng
in qua mch lc :
A. i = 4cos(100tt+ t/2) (A) B. i = 4cos(100tt+t/4) (A)
C. i = 4 2 cos(100tt +t/4)(A) D. i =4 2 cos(100tt) (A)
Gi : Khi R = 50 cng sut mch t gi tr cc i. suy ra R=/Z
L
-Z
C
/ = 50O .
Mt khc Z
C
> Z
L
nn trong s phc ta c: Z
L
+ Z
C
= -50i. Suy ra:
u 200 2 ( : 4)
i 4
50 50i 2 Z
Z t t
= = = Z
Chn A

X
-
B
C
A
-

VII. XC NH H S CNG SUT TRONG MCH IN XOAY CHIU:
a.H s cng sut ca on mch:
-on mch RLC:
Z
R
= cos hay cos =
R
U
U

-on mch RrLC: cos =
R r
Z
+
. hay cos =
R
U Ur
U
+

-an mch cha cun dy: cos
d
=
d
r
Z
=
2 2
L
r
r Z +

-Tng tr:
2 2
L C
Z R ( Z Z ) = +
-Tng tr phc ca on mch:
L C
Z R ( Z Z )i = + Lu : i y l s o!
-Dng cng thc ny:
u
Z
i
= vi Z Z = Z ; i y l cng dng in!
-Tng tr phc ca cun dy:
d
d
u
Z
i
= vi d
d d
Z Z = Z
-Vn l tnh Cos

nh my tnh vi: Z Z = Z ; v tnh Cos
d
vi : d
d d
Z Z = Z
Nh MY TNH CM TAY:CASIO fx570ES ; 570ES Plus, VINACAL 570ES Plus
b.Chn ci dt my tnh:
Hin th dng to cc: rZu m: SHIFT MODE 3 2 Hin th s phc dng: A Z
Hin th dng cc: a + ib. m: SHIFT MODE 3 1 Hin th s phc dng: a+bi
Nhp k hiu gc Z m SHIFT (-). Mn hnh hin th Z
- Vi my fx 570ES : Kt qu hin th:

c.Cc v d:
V d 1: on mch A gm hai on mch AM v M mc ni tip. on AM gm in tr thun R = 100 O mc ni
tip vi cun cm thun
1
L ( H )
t
= . on M l t in c in dung C. iu thc in p trn on mch AM v M
ln lt l: 100 2 cos(100 )( )
4
AM
u t V
t
t = + v 200cos(100 )( )
2
MB
u t V
t
t = . H s cng sut ca on mch A
l:
A.
2
2
cos = B.
3
2
cos = C. 0,5 D. 0,75.
I U
r

U
d

U
L

d

I U
R

U U U
L C
+

I
R
Z

Nu ang thc hin php tnh s phc:
Nu bm tip phm 1 = my hin th: arg ( u hay )
Nu bm tip phm 2 = my hin th: Conjg (a-bi )
Nu bm tip phm 3 = my hin th: dng cc (rZu)
Nu bm tip phm 4 = my hin th: dng cc(a+bi )


Gi 1: Z
L
= 100O ; Z
AM
= 100 2 O ;
100 2
2 100 2
AM
AM
U
I ( A)
Z
= = = ;
100 2 2
200
2
MB
C
U .
Z
I
= = = O
2 2
L C
Z R ( Z Z ) = + = 100 2 O =>
100 2
2 100 2
R
cos
Z
= = = . Chn A
Gii 2: Ta c: Z
AM
= (100+100i) .
Tng tr phc ca on mch A:
( ) (1 )
AB AM MB MB
AB AM AM
AM AM
u u u u
Z Z Z
i u u
+
= = = +

Dng my Fx570ES, 570ES Plus,VINACAL 570EsPlus :
m MODE 2 xut hin: CMPLX.. bm: SHIFT MODE 4 xut hin: (R)
Nhp my:
200
2
(1 ) (100 100 )
100 2
4
X i
t
t
Z
+ +
Z
Bm du = . Hin th: c 2 trng hp:
A
a bi
Z

(Ta khng quan tm n dng hin th ny: V d my hin th: 141,4213562Z
4
t
( Dng AZ ))
Ta mun ly gi tr th bm tip : SHIFT 2 1 = Hin th: -
1
4
t (y l gi tr ca )
Bm tip: cos = cos( Ans -> Kt qu hin th :
2
2
y l gi tr ca cos cn tnh
2
2
cos =
p n A

V d 2: on mch gm 2 on mch AM v MB mc ni tip. on AM gm in tr thun
1
R ni tip vi
cun cm thun L, on mch MB gm in tr thun
2
50 R = O ni tip t in
4
2
10 C F
t

= . Bit in p tc
thi
7
200 2cos(100 )( )
12
AM
u t V
t
t = + 80cos(100 )
MB
u t V t = . Tnh h s cng sut ca on mch AB.
Gii 1: Tng tr phc : Z
MB
= (50-50i) .
Ta c th tnh i trc (hoc tnh gp nh bi trn):
80 4 2
50 50 5 4
MB
MB
u
i
Z i
t
= = = Z
=> 0,8 2 cos(100 )( )

4
i t A
t
t = + .
Dng myFx 570ES, 570ES Plus,VINACAL 570EsPlus :
Tng tr phc ca on mch AB:
( )
AB AM MB
AB
u u u
Z
i i
+
= =

Ci t my: m MODE 2 xut hin: CMPLX.. bm: SHIFT MODE 4 Chn n v l Rad (R)
Nhp my:
7
200 2 80
12
( )
0,8 2
4
t
t
Z +
Z
. Bm du = . Hin th c 2 trng hp:
A
a bi
Z

(Ta khng quan tm n dng hin th ny: V d my hin th: 241,556132 Z 0,7605321591 ( AZ ) )
Ta mun ly gi tr th bm tip : SHIFT 2 1 = 0,7605321591 . (y l gi tr ca )
Bm tip: cos = cos( Ans -> Kt qu hin th : 0,7244692923 y l gi tr ca cos cn tnh cos =0,72.

V d 3: on mch A ni tip gm ch cc phn t nh in tr thun , cun cm v t in. on mch A gm hai
on mch AM v M mc ni tip. on AM gm in tr thun R = 50 O mc ni tip vi t in c in dung khng

50 O. iu thc in p trn on mch AM v M ln lt l: 80cos(100 )( )
AM
u t V t = v
100cos(100 )( )
2
MB
u t V
t
t = +
. H s cng sut ca on mch A l:
A. 0,99 B. 0,84. C. 0,86. D. 0,95.
Gi : Dng my Fx -570ES, 570ES Plus,VINACAL 570EsPlus.
( ) (1 )
AB AM MB MB
AB AM AM
AM AM
u u u u
Z Z Z
i u u
+
= = = +

Nhp my:
100
2
(1 ) (50 50 )
80
X i
t
Z
+ = ( kt qu c 2 trng hp:
225 25
+ i
2 2
hoc Z
25 82
0,1106572212
2
.
Ta mun c , th bm tip: SHIFT 2 1 Hin th : arg( Bm tip = Hin th: 0,1106572212.(y l gi tr ca )
Bm tip: cos = Hin th gi tr ca cos : 0,9938837347 = 0,99 p n A.

V d 4 (H-2011): on mch A gm hai on mch AM v M mc ni tip. on AM gm in tr thun R
1
= 40
O mc ni tip vi t in c in dung C =
t
4
10
3
F, on mch M gm in tr thun R
2
mc vi cun thun cm. t
vo A, in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng v tn s khng i th in p tc thi hai u on mch AM v M
ln lt l: ) V )(
12
7
t 100 cos( 2 50 u
AM
t
t = v ) ( 100 cos 150 V t u
MB
t = . H s cng sut ca on mch A l
A. 0,84. B. 0,71. C. 0,86. D. 0,95.
Gai cch 1 : (Truyn thng)
+ Ta c Z
C
= 40 ; tan
AM
=
4
1
1
t
= =
AM
C
R
Z

+ T hnh v :
MB =
3
t
tan
MB
= 3 3
2
2
R Z
R
Z
L
L
= =
* Xt on mch AM: 2 625 , 0
2 40
50
= = =
AM
AM
Z
U
I
* Xt on mch M: 3 60 ; 60 2 120
2 2
2 2
2
= = = + = = =
L L
MB
MB
Z R R Z R
I
U
Z
H s cng sut ca mch A l : Cos =
2 2
2 1
2 1
) ( ) (
C L
Z Z R R
R R
+ +
+
~ 0,84 p n A.
Gi cch 2 : Dng myFx570ES,570ES Plus,VINACAL 570EsPlus.
( ) (1 )
AB AM MB MB
AB AM AM
AM AM
u u u u
Z Z Z
i u u
+
= = = +

Nhp my :
150
(1 ) (40 40 )
7
50 2
12
X i
t
+ =
Z
Hin th c 2 trng hp:
A
a bi
Z
(Ta khng quan tm n dng hin th

ny. Nu my hin dng a+bi th c th bm: SHIFT 2 3 = Kt qu: 118,6851133 Z 0,5687670898 ( AZ ) )

Ta mun hin th th bm: SHIFT 2 1 Hin th : arg( Bm = Hin th : 0,5687670898 (y l gi tr ca )
Mun tnh cos: Bm tip: cos = cos(Ans Hin th : 0,842565653 = 0,84 l gi tr ca cos p n A.

I
U
AM

U
MB

7t/12
t/4
t/3

V d 5: Mch in gm mt cun dy c in tr R mc ni tip vi mt t C. Mch c t di in p u
lun n nh. it gi tr hiu dng U
C
= 3 U
cd
, lch pha ca in p hai u cun dy so vi C dng
in qua mch l /3. Tnh h s cng sut ca mch.
Gii: Coi U
cd
bng 1 (n v) => U
C
= 3 v U
cd
nhanh pha hn dng in gc /3:
1
3
cd
u
t
= Z

V uc chm pha thua dng in gc -/2 : 3
2
C
u
t
= . Ta c:
cd C
u u u = +
Dng myFx570ES,570ES Plus,VINACAL 570EsPlus:
m MODE 2 xut hin: CMPLX. bm: SHIFT MODE 4 . Chn n v l Rad (R)
Nhp my
| | | | | | | | 2 3
(1 ) ( 3 ) 1
3 2 3
SHIFT
t t t
=
=> Z + Z Z
Ta mun hin th th bm: SHIFT 2 1 Hin
th : arg( Bm = Hin th :
3
t
(y l gi tr ca ) .Mun tnh cos: Bm tip: cos = cos(Ans
Hin th : 0,5 , Hay cos = 0,5 .Vy
/
, cos 0, 5
3
cd u i
U U
t
= = => =

V d 6 : Mt on mch xoay chiu gm 3 phn t mc ni tip: in tr thun R, cun dy c t cm L v in tr
thun r, t in c in dung C. t vo hai u on mch mt in p xoay chiu, khi in p tc thi hai u cun
dy v hai u t in ln lt c biu thc ( ) 80 6 cos / 6
d
u t V = e +t , ( ) 40 2 os 2 / 3
C
u c t V = e t , in p hiu dng
hai u in tr l U
R
= 60 3 V. H s cng sut ca on mch trn l
A. 0,862. B. 0,908. C. 0,753. D. 0,664.
Gii 1: Nhn vo gin ta c :
40 3 ; 120 os 0, 908
r L
U V U V c = = =
.
p n B
Gii 2: Dng my Fx570ES , 570ES Plus,VINACAL 570EsPlus:
Ta c
2
60 3 2 cos( )( ) 60 6 cos( )( )
3 2 6
R
u t V t V
t t t
e e = + =

V ( )
0
cos / 6 ( ) i I t A = e t
( Pha ca i l
6
t
)

Ta c:
0
2
60 6 80 6 40 2
6 6 3
R d C u
u u u u U
t t t
= + + = Z + Z + Z = Z
. Vi
6
u i u
t
= = +

m MODE 2 xut hin: CMPLX.. bm: SHIFT MODE 4 Chn n v l (R)
Cch 1: Nhp my:
2
60 6 80 6 40 2
6 6 3
t t t
Z + Z + Z
Bm = Hin th : .....( khng quan tm)
Bm: SHIFT 2 1 Hin th : arg( Bm = Hin th : - 0,09090929816 (y l gi tr ca
u
)
Bm - (
6
t
) Bm = Hin th 0,4326894774 (y l gi tr ca ) .
Mun tnh cos: Bm tip: cos = cos(Ans Hin th : 0,907841299 = 0,908 .Chn B
Cch 2: V khng cho I
0
nn ta c th cho bng 1 n v, nn:
0
1
6
i
i I
t
= Z = Z =>
u
Z
i
=
Nhp my:
2
60 6 80 6 40 2
6 6 3
t t t
Z + Z + Z
Bm :
(1 )
6
t
Z
Bm = Hin th : (khng quan tm)
bm: SHIFT 2 1 Hin th : arg( Bm = Hin th : 0,4326894774 (y l gi tr ca ) .
Mun tnh cos: Bm tip: cos = cos(Ans Hin th : 0,907841299 = 0,908 l gi tr ca cos. Chn B


PHN HAI: DNG MODE 7 GII BI TP GIAO THOA SNG
Ci t my : Fx570ES , 570ES Plus,VINACAL 570EsPlus:
Bm: SHIFT MODE 1 Math ( c th khng cn thit)
Hoc m: SHIFT MODE 2 Line IO ( c th khng cn thit)
m: MODE 7 : TABLE

I. DNG (MODE 7) GII BI TP GIAO THOA SNG C
V d ta c hm s f(x)=
2
1
2
+ x
Bc 1: (MODE 7) TABLE

Bc 2: Nhp hm s vo my tnh

Bc 3: bm = nhp 1

Bc 4: bm = nhp 5

Bc 5: bm = nhp 1
Bc 6: bm =
Ta c bng bin thin: f(X)
a.V d 1: Si dy di l = 1m c treo l lng ln mt cn rung. Cn rung theo phng ngang vi tn s thay
i t 100Hz n 120Hz. Tc truyn sng trn dy l 8m/s. Trong qu trnh thay i tn s rung th s ln
quan st c sng dng trn dy l:
A. 5 B. 4 C. 6 D. 15
Cch gii truyn thng Hng dn bm my v kt qu
- l = (2k+1)
4
= (2k+1)
f
v
4

f=(2k+1)
l
v
4
=(2k+1)2
Do 100Hz f s 120Hz . Cho k=0,1,2..
k=24 f =98Hz
k=25 f =102Hz
k=26 f =106Hz
k=27 f =110Hz
k=28 f =114Hz
k=29 f =118Hz
k=30 f =122Hz chn A

MODE 7 : TABLE.

8
( ) (2 1)
4 1
f x f k
x
= = + = (2X+1) x 2 =(2X +1)x 2
.Nhp my: ( 2 x ALPHA ) X + 1 ) x 2

= START 20 = END 30 = STEP 1 = V

kt qu
C 5 gi tr

D
f(x)=(
D
f(x)=x
2
+1 2
D
Start?
1
D
End?
5
D
Step?
1
D

x f(x)

1
2
3

1
2
3

1.5
4.5
9.5

1
x=k f(x) = f
24 98
25
26
27
28
29
30
102
106
110
114
118
122



b.V d 2: Mt si dy n hi rt di c u A dao ng vi tn s f v theo phng vung gc vi si dy. in
dao ng l 4cm, vn tc truyn sng trn y l 4 (m/s). Xt mt im M trn dy v cch A mt on 28cm, ngi ta
thy M lun lun dao ng lch pha vi A mt gc (2 1)
2
k
t
A = + vi k = 0, 1, 2. Tnh bc sng ? it tn s f
c gi tr trong khong t 22Hz n 26Hz.
A. 12 cm B. 8 cm C. 14 cm D. 16 cm
A
2
) 1 2 (
t
+ = k =
t 2
d
d= (2k+1)
4
= (2k+1)
f
v
4

Do 22Hz f s 26Hz f=(2k+1)
d
v
4

Cho k=0,1,2.3. k=3
f =25Hz =v/f =16cm chn D

MODE 7 : TABLE
( ) (2 1)
4
v
f x f k
d
= = + =( 2X+1)
4
4.0, 28

Nhp my:( 2 x ALPHA ) X + 1 ) x ( 1 : 0,28 )

= START 0 = END 10 = STEP 1 =
kt qu
Chn f = 25 Hz
=v/f=
25
40
=16cm

c.V d 3: Cu 50 - thi tuyn sinh i hc khi A nm 2011 - M 817
Cu 50: Mt sng hnh sin truyn theo phng Ox t ngun O vi tn s 20 Hz, c tc truyn sng nm
trong khong t 0,7 m/s n 1 m/s. Gi A v l hai im nm trn Ox, cng mt pha so vi O v cch nhau
10 cm. Hai phn t mi trng ti A v lun dao ng ngc pha vi nhau. Tc truyn sng l
A. 100 cm/s B. 80 cm/s C. 85 cm/s D. 90 cm/s
- d = (2k+1)
2
=(2k+1)
f
v
2

Do 0,7 m/s v s 1 m/s.
1 2
2
+
=
k
df
v
Cho k=0,1,2..
v = 80 cm/s
chn . vi k=2

MODE 7 : TABLE
2 10 20
( )
2 1
x x
f x v
k
= =
+
; Mauso=2x ALPHA ) +1
Nhp my:...tng t nh trn....
(400 : ( 2 x ALPHA ) X + 1 )

kt qu: 80

Ch : -Chn Start: Thng thng l bt u t 0 hoc ty theo bi
-Chn End: Ty thuc vo bi cho (nu nhp s ln qu th khng b nh: Insufficient MEM)
-Chn Step: 1( v k nguyn )
d.Trc nghim vn dng :
Cu 1.(H) Ti im S trn mt nc yn tnh c ngun dao ng iu ho theo phng thng ng vi tn s f. Khi
trn mt nc hnh thnh h sng trn ng tm S. Ti hai im M, N nm cch nhau 5cm trn ng thng i qua S lun
dao ng ngc pha vi nhau. it tc truyn sng trn mt nc l 80cm/s v tn s ca ngun dao ng thay i
trong khong t 48Hz n 64Hz. Tn s dao ng ca ngun l
A. 64Hz. B. 48Hz. C. 54Hz. D. 56Hz.
Cu 2.(H) Ti im S trn mt nc yn tnh c ngun dao ng iu ho theo phng thng ng vi tn s 50Hz. Khi
trn mt nc hnh thnh h sng trn ng tm S. Ti hai im M, N nm cch nhau 9cm trn ng thng i qua S
lun dao ng cng pha vi nhau. it rng, tc truyn sng thay i trong khong t 70cm/s n 80cm/s. Tc
truyn sng trn mt nc l
A. 75cm/s. B. 80cm/s. C. 70cm/s. D. 72cm/s.
x=k f(x) = f
0 3.517
1
2
3
4

10.71
17.85
25
32.42

x=k f(x) = v
0 400
1
2
3
133
80
57.142


II. DNG (MODE 7) GII BI TP GIAO THOA SNG NH SNG
Ci t my : Fx570ES , 570ES Plus,VINACAL 570EsPlus:
m: SHIFT MODE 1 Math ( c th khng cn thit)
Hoc m: SHIFT MODE 2 Line IO ( c th khng cn thit)
m: MODE 7 : TABLE
Hoc Ch cn bm: MODE 7 : TABLE
a.V d 1: ( tuyn sinh i hc khi A- 2010 )
Trong th nghim Y-ng v giao thoa nh sng, hai khe c chiu bng nh sng trng c bc sng t 380nm n
760nm. Khong cch gia hai khe l 0,8mm, khong cch t mt phng cha hai khe n mn quan st l 2m. Trn mn,
ti v tr cch vn trung tm 3mm c vn sng ca cc bc x vi bc sng
A. 0,48 m v 0,56 m B. 0,40 m v 0,60 m C. 0,45 m v 0,60 m D. 0,40 m v 0,64 m
x=
a
D k . .

Do: 0,380 m s 0,760 m. =
D k
x a
.
.

Cho k=1,2..
k=1 =1.2m.
k=2 =0.6m.
k=3 =0.4m.
k=4 =0.3m.
chn
MODE 7 TABLE Nhp my:
2
3 8 . 0
) (
x mauso
x
x f = =
Mauso= ALPHA ) in X l k
Nhp my:.(0,8 x 3 ) : ( ALPHA ) X x 2 )


kt qu:

b.V d 2: tuyn sinh i hc khi A- 2009.
Trong th nghim Y-ng v giao thoa nh sng, hai khe c chiu bng nh sng trng c bc sng t 0,38 m n
0,76m. Ti v tr vn sng bc 4 ca nh sng n sc c bc sng 0,76 m cn c bao nhiu vn sng na ca cc nh
sng n sc khc?
A. 3. B. 8. C. 7. D. 4.
k=k
1
1

Do 0,40 m s 0.76 m.
=
k
k
1 1

Cho k=1,2..
k=4 =0.76m. (loi)
k=5 =0.608m.
k=6 =0.506m.
k=7 =0.434m.
k= 8 =0.38m.

chn D

mauso
x
x f
76 . 0 4
) ( = =
Mauso= ALPHA ) X in X l k
(4 x 0,76 ) : ALPHA ) X


kt qu:

x=k f(x) =

1
2
3
4
1.2
0.6
0.4
0.3

x=k f(x) =
1 3.04
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

1.52
1.0133
0.76
0.608
0.506
0.434
0.38
0.3377


c.V d 3: thi tuyn sinh cao ng khi A- 2011 .
Trong th nghim Y-ng v giao thoa nh sng, khong cch gia hai khe l 2 mm, khong cch t mt phng cha 2 khe
n mn quan st l 2 m. Ngun pht nh sng gm cc bc x n sc c bc sng trong khong 0,40 m n 0.76 m.
Trn mn, ti im cch vn trung tm 3,3 mm c bao nhiu bc x cho vn ti?
A. 6 bc x. B. 4 bc x. C. 3 bc x. D. 5 bc x.

Cc bc x cho vn ti ti
x= (
.
0, 5) ; 0, 4 0, 76
( 0, 5)
D a x
k m m
a k D
+ = s s
+

.
0, 4 0, 76 3, 9 7, 75
( 0, 5)
a x
m m k
k D
s s s s
+

Vy k= 4;5;6;7: c 4 bc x.
Hay x=
( 0, 5). . k D
a
+
; Do 0,40 m s 0.76 m.
=
.
( 0, 5).
a x
k D +

Cho k=0,1,2..
k=4 =0.733m.
k=5 =0.60m.
k=6 =0.507m.
k=7 =0.44m. Chn :4 bc x.

2
3 . 3 2
) (
x mauso
x
x f = =
Mauso= ALPHA ) X + 0,5 in X l k
(2 x 3,3 ) : ( ( ALPHA ) X + 0,5 ) x 2 )


kt qu

Ch : Cch chn Start? End? V Step?
-Chn Start?: Thng thng l bt u t 0 hay 1 hoc ty theo bi
-Chn End: Ty thuc vo bi cho (nu nhp s ln qu th khng b nh: Insufficient MEM)
-Chn Step : 1( v k nguyn )

d.Trc nghim vn dng :

Cu 1: Trong th nghim Young, cc khe sng c chiu bng nh sng n sc, khong cch gia 2 khe l a
= 0,5 mm, khong cch t hai khe n mn quan st l D = 1,5 m.Tm nhng nh sng n sc cho vn sng ti
im M cch vn trung tm mt khong x
M
= 6mm. it nh sng trng c bc sng nm trong khong t
0,4m n 0,75m
Cu 2: Trong th nghim Young, cc khe sng c chiu bng nh sng trng, khong cch gia 2 khe l a = 0,3mm,
khong cch t hai khe n mn quan st l D = 2m. Tnh xem ti ng v tr ca vn sng bc 4 ca nh sng mu c
nhng vch sng ca nh sng n sc no trng ti . ( bit nh sng trng c bc sng nm trong khong t 0,4m
n 0,76m)

x=k f(x) =
0 6.63
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

2.2
1.32
0.942
0.733
0.60
0.507
0.44
0.388


PHN III. TM GI TR TC THI CA HM IU HA
1. TM LY TC THI TRONG DAO NG IU HA- LCH PHA.
Cho dao ng iu ha ly : x = Acos(et + ).
-Ti thi im t
1
, vt c ta x
1

-Hi ti thi im t
2
= t
1
+ At, vt c ta x
2
= ?
Phng php gii nhanh:
* Tnh lch pha gia x
1
v x
2
: A = e.At (x
2
lch pha A so vi x
1
).
* Xt lch pha:
+Nu (c 3 trng hp c bit):
A = k2t 2 dao ng cng pha x
2
= x
1
.
A = (2k + 1)t 2 dao ng ngc pha x
2
= -x
1
.
A = (2k + 1)t/2 2 dao ng vung pha x
1
2
+ x
2
2
= A
2
.
+Nu A bt k (khng thuc ba trng hp trn), ta s dng my tnh:
Ch :+ n v tnh pha l Rad bm phm: 4 SHIFT MODE Mn hnh xut hin: R
+ Nhp phn s th bm phm: 1 SHIFT MODE Mn hnh xut hin: Math
+ Nhp hm s ngc: SHIFT cos Mn hnh xut hin:
-1
cos(
[Qui c trong ti liu khi nhp SHIFT cos mn hnh hin:
1
cos (
ta hiu:
1
SHIFT cos (
]
*Tnh x
2
: Ta c: x
2
= Acos[e(t
1
+ t) + ]= Acos[et
1
+ ) + t] = Acos[et
1
+ ) + ].
Hay:
1 1
2
x
x A cos SHIFT cos
A
( | |
= + A
| (
\ .

Quy c du trc SHIFT: du (+) nu x
1
+
du (-) nu x
1
|
Nu khng ni ang tng hay ang gim, ta ly du +
V d 1: Vt dao ng iu ha x = 5cos(4tt + t/3) cm. Khi t = t
1
x
1
= -3cm. Hi t = t
1
+ 0,25s th x
2
= ?
Gii:
Cch 1: Dng lch pha. Tnh A = e.At = 4t.0,25 = t (rad) x
1
v x
2
ngc pha x
2
= -x
1
= 3cm.
Cch 2: Bm my tnh Fx570Es:V
1
2
3
x 5 cos shift cos
5
( | |
= + t
| (
\ .

=> Bm nhp my tnh nh sau:
1
3
5 cos shift cos
5
( | |
+ t
| (
\ .
= 3 x
2
= 3cm.
V d 2: Mt dao ng iu ha x = 10cos(4tt 3t/8) cm. Khi t = t
1
th x = x
1
= -6cm v ang tng. Hi, khi t
= t
1
+ 0,125s th x = x
2
= ?
Gii:
Cch 1: Dng lch pha.Tnh A = 4t.0,125 = t/2 (rad) x
1
v x
2
vung pha.


2 2 2 2 2
1 2 2
x x A x 10 ( 6) 8cm + = = = . M x
1
| nn x
2
= 8cm.
Cch 2: Bm my tnh Fx570Es:
1
6
10 cos shift cos
10 2
t( | |
+
| (
\ .
= 8 x
2
= 8cm.
V d 3: Mt vt dao ng iu ha x = 5cos(4tt t/6) cm. Khi t = t
1
th x = 3cm v ang tng.
Hi, khi t = t
1
+
1
12
s th x
2
= ?
Gii 1: Dng lch pha: A = e.At = 4t.
1
12
=
3
t
khng ng cho 3 trng hp c bit.
Gii 2: Bm my tnh Fx570Es:
1
3
5 cos shift cos 4,964
5 3
t( | |
+ ~
| (
\ .

2
4, 964 x cm ~
2. TM GI TR TC THI TRONG DAO NG IN- LCH PHA.
a.Cho i, u, q dao ng iu ha.
C th:+Cho i = I
0
cos(et + ) (A). thi im t
1
: i = i
1
, hi thi im t
2
= t
1
+ At th i = i
2
= ?
+Cho u = U
0
cos(et + ) (V). thi im t
1
: u =u
1
, hi thi im t
2
= t
1
+ At th u = u
2
= ?
+Cho q = Q
0
cos(et + ) (C). thi im t
1
: q =q
1
, hi thi im t
2
= t
1
+ At th q = q
2
= ?
b.Phng php gii nhanh: (ging cch gii nhanh ca dao ng iu ha).
*Tnh lch pha gia i
1
v i
2
: A = e.At
(*Tnh lch pha gia u
1
v u
2
: A = e.At)
(*Tnh lch pha gia q
1
v q
2
: A = e.At)
* Xt lch pha
+Nu (c bit)
i
2
v i
1
cng pha i
2
= i
1

i
2
v i
1
ngc pha i
2
= - i
1

i
2
v i
1
vung pha
2 2 2
1 2 0
i i I + = .
Tng t: Xt lch pha gia u
1
v u
2;
xt lch pha gia q
1
v q
2
nh trn ...
+Nu A bt k: Dng my tnh
Ta c: i
2
= I
0
cos[e(t
1
+ t) + ]= I
0
cos[et
1
+ ) + t] = I
0
Cos[et
1
+ ) + ].
Hay:
1 1
2 0
0
i
i I cos shift cos
I
( | |
= + A
( |
\ .

Quy c du trc shift: du (+) nu i
1
+
du (-) nu i
1
|
c.Cc V d:

V d 1: Cho dng in xoay chiu i 4cos 8 t (A).
6
t | |
= t +
|
\ .
vo thi im t
1
dng in c cng i
1
= 0,7A.
Hi sau 3s th dng in c cng i
2
l bao nhiu?
Gii : Tnh A = e. At = 8t.3 = 24t(rad) i
2
cng pha i
1
. i
2
= 0,7(A)
V d 2: Cho dng in xoay chiu ( ) i 4cos 20 t (A) = t . thi im t
1
: dng in c cng i = i
1
= -2A v
ang gim, hi thi im t
2
= t
1
+ 0,025s th i = i
2
= ?
Gii 1: Dng lch pha. Tnh A = e. At = 20t.0,025 =
2
t
(rad) i
2
vung pha i
1
.

2 2 2 2 2
1 2 2 2
i i 4 2 i 16 i 2 3(A) + = + = = . V i
1
ang gim nn chn i
2
= -2 3 (A).
Gii 2: Bng my tnh:
1
2
4 cos shift cos 2 3
4 2
t( | |
+ =
| (
\ .

2
i 2 3(A) =
V d 3: (C 2013): in p hai u mt on mch l u=160cos100t t(V) (t tnh bng giy). Ti thi im t
1
, in p
hai u on mch c gi tr l 80V v ang gim. n thi im t
2
=t
1
+0,015s, in p hai u on mch c gi tr
bng
A. 40 3 v B. 80 3 V C. 40V D. 80V
Gii 1: Cos100t
1
=
1
0
u
U
=
1
2
= cos(
3
t
); u ang gim nn 100t
1
=
3
t
t
1
=
1
300
s; t
2
= t
1
+ 0,015 s =
5, 5
300
s;
u
2
= 160cos100t
2
=160cos
5, 5
3
=
3
160
2

=80 3 (V).Chn B.
Gii 2: t
2
=t
1
+0,015s= t
1
+ 3T/4.Vi 3T/4 ng gc quay 3/2.
Nhn hnh v thi gian quay 3T/4 (ng gc quay 3/2).
M
2
chiu xung trc u => u=80 3 V.

( ) ( )
( )
2
2 3T
T 0, 02 s 0, 015 s
100 4
3
u 160cos 160. 80 3 V
6 2
t
t
t
= = =
= = =
Chn B.
Gii 3: A = e. At = 100t.0,015 = 1,5 (rad)
.=> lch pha gia u
1
v u
2
l 3/2.
Bm my tnh Fx 570ES vi ch : 4 SHIFT MODE : n v gc l Rad.
Bm nhp my tnh:
1
80 3
160cos cos ( ) 80 3
160 2
SHIFT V
t
(
+ =
(

. Chn B.
V d 4: (i hc 2010) Ti thi im t, in p in p u 200 2 cos 100 t (V)
2
t | |
= t
|
\ .
c gi tr 100 2 (V)
v ang gim. Sau thi im
1
300
s , in p ny c gi tr l bao nhiu?
Gii 1: Dng lch pha. A = e. At = 100t.
1
300
=
3
t
(rad)
Gii 2: Bng my tnh:
1
100 2
200 2 cos shift cos 141(V) 100 2(V)
3 200 2
( | |
t
+ ~ ~
( |
|
(
\ .

(V)
2
t
3
2
t

-160
M
2
O
+
/3
80
80 3 160

M
1
3/2
t
1

Hnh v

3. TM LCH TC THI TI MT IM CA SNG TRONG S TRUYN SNG C.
Dng 1: Hai im M v N cch nhau d cho phng trnh sng u = acos(et + )
thi im t: bit u
M
, tm u
N
? hoc: bit V
M
, tm V
N
?
Phng php gii nhanh:
*Tnh lch pha gia u
M
v u
N;
(u
M
nhanh pha hn u
N
):
2 .d t
A =

* Xt lch pha:
+ c bit: Nu - Cng pha: A = k2t d = k u
M
= u
N
.
- Ngc pha: A = (2k+1)t d = (2k+1)/2 u
M
= -u
N
.
- Vung pha: A = (2k+1)t/2 d = (2k+1)/4
2 2 2
M N
u +u = a .
+ Nu lch pha bt k: Dng my tnh:
1 M
N
u
u a cos shift cos
a
( | |
= A
| (
\ .

Quy c du trc shift: du (+) nu u
M
+
du (-) nu u
M
|

V d 1: Ngun O dao ng vi f = 10Hz v v = 0,4m/s. Trn phng truyn sng c hai im P v Q vi PQ =
15cm. Cho bin sng l a = 2cm. Nu ti mt thi im c u
P
= 2cm th u
Q
= ?
Gii 1: Dng lch pha.
v 0, 4
= 0, 04m 4cm
f 10
= = =
lch pha gia P v Q:
2 .d 15
2 7, 5
4
t
A = = t = t
(rad)
Vy u
P
v u
Q
vung pha nhau
2 2 2 2 2 2
P Q Q Q
u u a 2 u 2 u 0 + = + = = .
Gii 2: Bng my tnh:
1
2
2 cos shift cos 7, 5 0
2
( | |
t =
| (
\ .

Q
u 0 =
V d 2: Mt sng ngang c phng trnh u = 10cos(8tt + t/3)cm. Vn tc truyn sng v = 12cm/s. Hai im
M v Q trn phng truyn sng cch nhau MQ = d. Ti thi im t c u
M
= 8cm, hi khi y u
Q
= ? Xt trong
cc trng hp
a/ d = 4,5cm.
b/ d = 3,75cm v u
M
ang gim.
c/ d = 6cm.
d/ d = 3,25cm v u
M
ang tng.
Gii : Ta c: = vT = 12.
2 2
12. 3cm
8
t t
= =
e t
.
Cu a. Dng lch pha: Tnh:
2 .d 4, 5
2 3
3
t
A = = t = t
(rad) ngc pha u

Q
= -u
M
= -8cm.

Gii bng my tnh:
1
8
10cos shift cos 3 8
10
( | |
t =
| (
\ .
u
Q
= -8cm
Cu b. Dng lch pha: Tnh
2 .d 3, 75
2 2, 5
3
t
A = = t = t
(rad) vung pha

2 2 2 2 2 2
M Q Q Q
u u a 8 u 10 u 6cm + = + = =
V u
M
+ u
Q
= 6cm (t gin )
R rng dng phng php c ta gp rc ri du ca u
Q
.
Gii bng my tnh:
1
8
10cos shif t cos 2, 5 6
10
( | |
t =
| (
\ .
u
Q
= 6cm
Cu c. Dng lch pha: Tnh
2 .d 6
2 4
3
t
A = = t = t
cng pha u
Q
= u
M
= 8cm.
Gii bng my tnh:
1
8
10cos shift cos 4 8
10
( | |
t =
| (
\ .
u
Q
= 8cm.
Cu d. Dng lch pha.
Tnh
2 .d 3, 25 13
2 2
3 6 6
t t t
A = = t = = t+
u
M
v u
Q
lch pha t/6(rad).
u
M
= 10coso = 8 coso = 0,8 sino = 0,6 (vi o = 8tt + t/3)
Q
Q
Q
u 10cos 8 t 10cos 10 cos cos sin sin
3 6 6 6 6
u 9, 92cm
3 1
10 0,8. 0, 6.
u 3, 93cm 2 2
t t t t t | | | | | |
= t + = o = o + o
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
= | |
=
|
|
=
\ .

T gin : u
Q
= 3,93cm
Gii bng my tnh:
1
8
10cos shift cos 3, 93
10 6
t( | |
~
| (
\ .
u
Q
= 3,93cm(Do ang tng: du - trc SHIFT)

Dng 2: Sng truyn t M n N, vi MN = d.
thi im t, tc ti im M l v
M
, tm tc sng ti N l v
N
khi .
Phng php gii nhanh:
* Tnh lch pha: A =
2 .d t
(v
M
nhanh pha hn v
N
).
* Xt lch pha
+c bit, nu v
N
v v
M
cng pha v
N
= v
M

v
N
v v
M
ngc pha v
N
= -v
M

v
N
v v
M
vung pha
2 2 2
N M 0
v + v = v (vi v
0
l vn tc cc i).
M
Q
M
Q

+ Nu A bt k: dng my tnh :
1 M
N 0
0
v
v v cos shift cos
v
( | |
= A
( |
\ .

Quy c du trc shift: du (+) nu v
M
+
du (-) nu v
M
|

V d 1: Sng truyn t P Q, vi PQ =
17
4
. thi im t: v
P
= 2tfA = v
0
; v
Q
= ?
Gii: Dng lch pha. Tnh
17
4
2 8, 5
A = t = t
(rad) vung pha

Ta c:
2 2 2
P Q 0
v v v + = m v
P
= v
0
v
Q
= 0.
Gii bng my tnh: t v
0
= 1 = 2tf A, v v
P
+.

1
1
1cos shift cos 0
1 2
t( | |
=
| (
\ .
v
Q
= 0.
V d 2: Sng truyn t M N, vi MN =
7
3
. thi im t: v
M
= 2tfA = v
0
; v
N
= ?
Gii: Tnh lch pha:
7
14 2
3
2 4
3 3
t t
A = t = = t+
(rad)
Gii bng my tnh: t v
0
= 1 = 2tf A, v v
P
+.

1
1 2 1
1cos shift cos
1 3 2
t( | |
=
| (
\ .
v
N
=
0
1
v
2
v
N
= -tfA.

PHN IV. DNG MY TNH TM BI CHUNG NH NHT (BCNN) V C CHUNG LN
NHT (UCLN) CA 2 S.
(p dng trong bi tp tm khong vn trng khi giao thoa nh sng vi 2 hoc 3 bc x n sc).
1.Phng Php chung: Vi 2 s (a,b) ta nhp my a:b = kt qu l: c:d (c:d l phn s ti gin ca a, b)
tm BCNN ta ly a*d ; tm UCLN ta ly: a:c
V d: Tim CNN v UCLN ca hai s 50 v 20
Nhp my: 50 : 20 = 5/2 => BCNN(50,20)=50*2=100; UCLN(50,20) =50: 5=10.

2.c bit my VINACAL fx-570ES Plus cn c thm chc nng SHIFT 6 nh sau:
1: Q,r (Chia tm phn nguyn v d)
2: LCM ( Tm bi chung nh nht: BCNN: The Least Common Multiple hay Lowest Common Multiple )
3: GCD (Tm c chung ln nht: UCLN)
4: FACT( phn tch ra tha s nguyn t)
V d:Tm bi chung nh nht (BCNN) ca 2 s 4 v 5: SHIFT 6 2 4 , 5 = 20


1,2 2 1,5 3
0,6 2 0,5 5
0,3 3 0,1 0,1
0,1 0,1

3.V d minh ha: Trong th nghim giao thoa nh sng vi khe Young, nh sng dng lm th nghim
gm c hai thnh phn n sc c bc sng
1
= 0,6m (vng) v
2
= 0,75m (). Khong cch gia
hai khe l a=1mm, khong cch t hai khe n mn l D=2m.
a. M t hnh nh quan st c trn mn:

+ Nu dng ring nh sng n sc th trn mn thu c mt h vn .
+ Nu dng ring nh sng n sc vng th trn mn thu c h vn vng.
+ Khi dng c hai bc x trn th trn mn thu c ng thi c h vn v h vn vng.
Vn trung tm ca h ny trng nhau, to ra mu tng hp ca v vng: vn trng.
Ngoi vn trung tm l vn trng, cn c cc v tr = cng l vn trng (v d nh ti M) .
Vy trn mn xut hin 3 loi vn KHC nhau: mu , mu vng v mu tng hp ca v vng.

b.Xc nh khong cch t vn sng trung tm n vn sng gn nht cng mu vi n:
-p dng cng thc tnh khong vn giao thoa, ta tnh c: i
1

= 1,2mm v i
2

= 1,5mm.
-Trn hnh v, khong vn trng c di bng on OM.
OM l bi s ca i
1 v
OM cng l bi s ca i
2
.
Vy OM chnh l bi s chung nh nht (
BCNN)
ca i
1
v i
2
: i
trung
= BCNN(i
1
, i
2
)

-Mun tm i
trng
, ta cn tnh i
1
v i
2
, Sau tnh bi s chung nh nht (CNN)ca chng.
- tnh bi s chung nh nht (BCNN) ca hai s, ta c th dung cc phng php sau:

i.Phng Php chung : Cho hai s a v b. tm BCNN(a,b) v UCLN(a,b) v ta lm nh sau:
Ta ly a/b= c/d (c/d la phn s ti gin ca a/b)
tm BCNN ta ly a*d
tm UCLN ta ly: a/c
V d: Tim BCNN v UCLN ca 50 v 20.
Ta c: 50/20=5/2. BCNN(50;20)=50*2=100; UCLN(50;20)=50/5=10.
Dng my tnh vi s liu ca bi tp v d trn: Tm (UCLN) v (BCNN) ca 1,2 v 1,5
Nhp my tnh: 1.2 : 1.5 = 4: 5. Sau ly 1.2 X 5 =6 Vy: BCNN(1.2 ; 1.5)=1.2*5= 6

ii.Hoc dng chc nng (LCM) ca my tnh VINA CAL 570ES PLUS: SHIFT 6 2 a , b = kt qu
Lu my ch cho nhp s nguyn! Nhp my SHIFT 6 2 12 , 15 = 60 ta chia 10 kt qu: 6

iii.Hoc C th tnh BCNN ca i
1
v i
2
bng cch: phn tch cc s ny thnh tch ca cc tha s nguyn t!
Ta c: 1,2 = 2
2
.3.0,1
1,5 = 3.5. 0,1
Bi s chung nh nht ca 1,2 v 1,5 l: 2
2
.3.0,1.5 = 6.
Vy khong vn trng trong bi ton ny l: i
trng
= 6mm.
Khong cch t vn trung tm n vn gn nht cng mu vi n l OM = 6mm.

c. Nu trong thnh phn ca nh sng th nghim t r nc thm nh sng tm c
3
= 0,4m th
khong cch t vn trung tm n vn sng gn nht, cng mu vi n l bao nhiu?
Ta tnh c: i
1

= 1,2mm , i
2

= 1,5mm v i
3

= 0,8mm.

1,2 2 1,5 3 0,8 2
0,6 2 0,5 5 0,4 2
0,3 3 0,1 0,1 0,2 2
0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1

Lu bi s chung nh nht (BCNN) ca hai s 1,2 v 1,5 l 6
By gi ta tnh bi s chung nh nht (BCNN) ca hai s 6 v 0.8 ta c th lm nh sau:
+Dng My Tnh VINA CAL 570ES PLUS SHIFT 6 2 : (LCM)

Lu : y gi ta tnh bi s chung nh nht (BCNN) ca hai s 6 v 0.8
My ch cho nhp s nguyn! Nhp my SHIFT 6 2 60 , 8 = 120 ta chia 10, kt qu: 12
Nhp du phy , l phm SHIFT ) v phi nhp s nguyn
Nhp 60 , 8 = kt qu: 120 sau chia 10 bng 12
+Hoc c th phn tch cc s ny thnh tch ca cc tha s nguyn s
nh bng sau: Ta c: 1,2 = 2
2
.3.0,1
1,5 = 3.5.0,1
0,8 = 2
3
.0,1
Bi s chung nh nht ca 1,2; 0,8 v 1,5 l : 3.0,1.5.2
3
= 12
( l tch s ca nhng s c s m ln nht)
Vy, nu c thm bc x tm, vn trung tm s l s tng hp ca 3 mu: , vng, tm.
Khong cch t vn trung tm n vn cng mu vi n v gn n nht l 12mm.
Trong trng hp ny, trn mn quan st xut hin 7 loi vn gm:
3 loi n sc : , vng, tm
3 loi vn tng hp ca 2 mu: ( + vng), ( + tm) v ( vng + tm)
1 loi vn tng hp ca 3 mu: + vng + tm.

4.Vn dng cng ly s liu tng t v d trn:
Trong Th Nghim Y-ng v giao thoa nh sng,chiu vo 2 khe 1 chm sng a sc gm 3 thnh phn n sc c bc
sng 1=0.4m, 2=0.6m, 3=0.75m ). Khong cch gia hai khe l a=2mm, khong cch t hai khe n mn
l D=2m.Tm khong cch t vn trung tm n vn sng gn nht, cng mu vi n?
Gii:
V tr cc vn cng mu vi vn trung tm: x = k
1
i
1
= k
2
i
2
= k
3
i
3
hay k
1
1
= k
2
2
= k
3
3

Th s: 0,4 k
1
= 0,6 k
2
= 0,75k
3
hay 8k
1
= 12k
2
= 15k
3

Tm (BCNN) ca 8, 12 v 15: Nhp my 8: 12 = 2:3 => (BCNN) ca 8, 12 l: 8 x 3 =24
Nhp my 24: 15 = 8:5 => (BCNN) ca 24, 15 l: 24 x 5=120
Vy BCNN) ca 8, 12 v 15: 120
Suy ra: k
1
= 15n; k
2
= 10n; k
3
= 8n.
Khong gia 2 vn sng cng mu vi vn trung tm gn nhau nht n= 0 v n= 1( k
1
= 15; k
2
= 10 v k
3
= 8)
Hay khong cch t vn trung tm n vn sng gn nht, cng mu vi n l:
x = k
1
i
1
= k
2
i
2
= k
3
i
3
hay :
( )
, .
. . .
M M
D D D D
x k k k x n n n mm
a a a a

= = = = = =
3 1 2 1
1 2 3
0 4 2
15 15 6
2

Vy khong cch t vn trung tm n vn sng gn nht khi n= 1 => x
M
= 6mm


PHN V. TM NHANH I LNG CHA BIT TRONG BIU THC:
(VI MY TNH : CASIO: Fx570ES & Fx-570ES Plus; VINA CAL Fx-570ES Plus)
1.S dng SOLVE ( Ch dng trong COMP: MODE 1 ) SHIFT MODE 1 Mn hnh: Math
Chn ch lm vic Nt lnh ngha- Kt qu
Dng COMP m: MODE 1 COMP l tnh ton chung
Ch nh dng nhp / xut ton m: SHIFT MODE 1 Mn hnh xut hin Math
Nhp bin X m: ALPHA ) Mn hnh xut hin X.
Nhp du =
m: ALPHA CALC
Mn hnh xut hin =
Chc nng SOLVE:
m: SHIFT CALC = hin th kt qu X= .....

a)V d 1: Tnh khi lng m ca con lc l xo dao ng, khi bit chu k T =0,1t(s) v cng k=100N/m. Ta
dng biu thc
2 =
m
T
k
t

Phng php truyn thng Phng php dng SOLVE
Ta c :
2 =
m
T
k
t
=>
2 2
4 =
m
T
k
t

Suy ra:
2
2
.
4
=
k T
m
t

Th s: nhp my tnh:
m =
2
2
100.(0,1 )
4
t
t
= 0,25
Vy: khi lng m ca con lc 0,25kg

-m: MODE 1
-m: 0.1 SHIFT X10
X
t ALPHA CALC = 2 SHIFT
X10
X
t ALPHA ) X V 100
Mn hnh xut hin:
0.1 2
100
=
X
t t

-m tip:SHIFT CALC SOLVE = ( ch 6s )
Mn hnh hin th:
X l i lng m

Vy : m= 0,25 kg

T v d ny chng ta c th suy lun cch dng cc cng thc khc!!!
b)V d 2:Tnh cng ca con lc l xo dao ng, khi bit chu k T =0,1t(s) v khi lng =0,25kg.
.-Dng biu thc
2 =
m
T
k
t
lm nh trn, cui cng mn hnh xut hin:
0.25
0.1 2 =
X
t t

-Tip tc bm:SHIFT CALC SOLVE =
( ch khong 6s ),Mn hnh hin th nh hnh bn :
X l i lng k cn tm . Vy : k =100N/m

0.1 2
100
=
X
t t
X= 0.25
L--R = 0
0.25
0.1 2 =
X
t t
X= 100

L--R = 0


c)V d 3: Tnh chiu di ca con lc n dao ng nh , khi bit chu k T = 2(s) v gia tc trng trng g=
t
2
(m/s
2
) . Ta dng biu thc :
2 =
l
T
g
t

Ta c :
2 =
l
T
g
t
=>
2 2
4 =
l
T
g
t

Suy ra:
2
2
.
4
=
T g
l
t

Th s:
2 2
2
2
1( )
4.
= = m
t
t

Vy chiu di ca con lc n l= 1(m)

m: MODE 1 Ta c :
2 =
l
T
g
t
<=>
2
2 2 =
X
t
t

-m: 2 ALPHA CALC = 2 SHIFT X10
X
t
ALPHA ) X V SHIFT X10
X
t x
2

( ch khong 6s )
Mn hnh hin th:
X l i lng l
Vy : l= 1(m)

c)V d 4: Tnh gia tc trng trng ti ni c con lc n, khi bit chu k T = 2(s) v chiu di ca con lc
n dao ng nh l 1 m . Ta dng biu thc :
2 =
l
T
g
t

Ta c :
2 =
l
T
g
t
=>
2 2
4 =
l
T
g
t

Suy ra:
2
2
4 =
l
g
T
t

Th s:
2
2
2
4. .1
2
= = g
t
t
= 9,869m/s
2

Vy gia tc trng trng ti ni c con lc n
dao ng g = = 9,869m/s
2

m: MODE 1
Ta c :
2 =
l
T
g
t
th s :
1
2 2 =
X
t

-m: 2 ALPHA CALC = 2 SHIFT X10
X
t
1 V ALPHA ) X . Tip tc bm:
SHIFT CALC SOLVE = ( ch thi gian .... )
Mn hnh hin th:
X l i lng g

Vy : g= 9,869m/s
2

2
2 2 =
X
t
t

X= 1
L--R = 0
1
2 2 =
X
t

X= 9.869604401
L--R = 0

c)V d 5: in p t vo hai u mt on mch R, L, C khng phn nhnh. in p hiu dng hai u mch
l 100V, hai u cun cm thun L l 120V, hai bn t C l 60V. in p hiu dng hai u R l:
A. 260V B. 140V C. 80V D. 20V
Gii:in p hai u R: Ta c:
2 2 2
( )
R L C
U U U U = + .in i ta c (=> )
2 2 2
( )
R L C
U U U U = .Tip tc bin i:
2 2
( )
R L C
U U U U = th s:
Nhp my:
2 2
100 (120 60) 80V =

Vy:
in p hiu dng hai u R l: 80V
p n C.
-m: MODE 1
Dng cng thc :
2 2 2
( )
R L C
U U U U = +
-m: 100 x
2
ALPHA CALC =ALPHA ) X x
2

+ ( 120 - 60

) x
2

Mn hnh xut hin: 100
2
=X
2
+(120-60)
2

Mn hnh hin th:
X l U
R
cn tm

Vy : U
R
= 80V

c)V d 6:
Mt mch dao ng gm mt t in c in dung C v mt cun cm c t cm L .
Mch dao
ng c tn s ring 100kHz v t in c C= 5nF. t cm L ca mch
dao ng
l :
A. 5.10
-5
H. B. 5.10
-4
H. C. 5.10
-3
H. D. 2.10
-4
H.
Gii: Cng thc tn s ring:
1
2
f
LC t
=

in i ta c:
2 2
1
4
=
t
L
f C

Th s bm my:
2 5 2 9
1
4 .(10 ) .5.10
=
t
L =5.066.10
-4
(H)

p n .
m: SHIFT MODE 1 Mn hnh hin th : Math
Dng cng thc :
1
2
f
LC t
=

-m: X10
X
5

ALPHA CALC = 1 V 2
SHIFT X10
X
t ALPHA ) X X 5 X10
X
- 9
Mn hnh xut hin:
5
9
1
10
2 5 10
=
t
X
Xx x

-Tip tc bm:SHIFT CALC SOLVE = (ch 6 giy)
Mn hnh hin th:
X l L cn tm

Vy : L= 5.10
-4
H.

100
2
= X
2
+ (120-60)
2

X= 80

L--R = 0
5
9
1
10
2 5 10
=
t
X
Xx x

X= 5.0660

x 10
-4

L--R = 0

PHN VI: DNG CC HNG S CI T SN TRONG MY TINH:
I. Cc hng s VT L v I N V VT L :
1.CC LNH: Cc hng s c ci sn trong my tinh Fx570MS; Fx570ES; 570ES Plus; VINACAL 570ES
Plus bng cc lnh: [CONST] Number [0 ~40] ( xem cc m lnh trn np ca my tnh cm tay ) .
+Lu : Khi tnh ton dng my tnh cm tay, ty theo yu cu bi c th nhp trc tip cc hng s t
bi cho , hoc nu mun kt qu chnh xc hn th nn nhp cc hng s thng qua cc m lnh CONST [0~
40] c ci t sn trong my tinh! (Xem thm bng HNG S VT L di y)

2..CC HNG S VTT L :
Vi my tnh cm tay, ngoi cc tin ch nh tnh ton thun li, thc hin cc php tnh nhanh, n gin v chnh xc th
phi k ti tin ch tra cu mt s hng s vt l v i mt s n v trong vt l. Cc hng s vt l c ci sn
trong b nh ca my tnh vi n v trong h n v SI. Cc hng s thng dng l:
Hng s vt l M s Cch nhp my :
My 570MS bm: CONST 0~ 40 =
My 570ES bm: SHIFT 7 0~ 40 =
Gi tr hin th
Khi lng prton (m
p
) 01 Const [01] = 1,67262158.10
-27
(kg)
Khi lng ntron (m
n
) 02 Const [02] = 1,67492716.10
-27
(kg)
Khi lng lectron (m
e
) 03 Const [03] = 9,10938188.10
-31
(kg)
Bn knh Bo (a
0
) 05 Const [05] = 5,291772083.10
-11
(m)
Hng s Plng (h) 06 Const [06] = 6,62606876.10
-34
(Js)
Khi lng 1u (u) 17 Const [17] = 1,66053873.10
-27
(kg)
in tch lectron (e) 23 Const [23] = 1,602176462.10
-19
(C)
S Avgar (N
A
) 24 Const [24] = 6,02214199.10
23
(mol
-1
)
Th tch mol kh iu kin
tiu chun (V
m
)
26 Const [26] = 0,022413996 (m
3
)
Tc nh sng trong chn
khng (C
0
) hay c
28 Const [28] = 299792458 (m/s)
Gia tc trng trng ti mt
t (g)
35 Const [35] = 9,80665 (m/s
2
)
Hng s Rydberg R
H
(R) 16 Const [16] = 1,097373157.10
7
(m
-1
)
Hng s hp dn (G) 39 Const [39] = 6,673.10
-11
(Nm
2
/kg
2
)

-V d1: My 570ES:
Cc hng s Thao tc bm my Fx 570ES Kt qu hin th mn hnh Ghi ch
Hng s Plng (h)
SHIFT 7 CONST 06 = 6.62606876 .10
-34
J.s
Tc nh sng trong
chn khng (C
0
) hay c
SHIFT 7 CONST 28 = 299792458 m/s
in tch lectron (e)
SHIFT 7 CONST 23 = 1.602176462 10
-19
C
Khi lng lectron (m
e
)
SHIFT 7 CONST 03 = 9.10938188 .10
-31
Kg
Hng s Rydberg R
H
(R) SHIFT 7 CONST 16 =
1,097373157.10
7
(m
-1
)


II. I N V ( khng cn thit lm):Vi cc m lnh ta c th tra bng in np ca my tnh.
- My 570ES bm Shift 8 Conv [m s] =
-V d 2: T 36 km/h sang ? m/s , bm: 36 Shift 8 [Conv] 19 = Mn hnh hin th : 10m/s
My 570MS bm Shift Const Conv [m s] =

III. V D V CCH NHP CC HNG S:
V d 1: Gii hn quang in ca km l
o
= 0,35m. Tnh cng thot ca lectron khi km?
HD:T cng thc:
0
hc hc
A
0
A
= => =
34 8
6, 625.10 .3.10
6
0, 35.10
=

=5,67857.10
-19
J =3,549eV
BM MY: phn s SHIFT 7 06 h X SHIFT 7 28 Co + 0,35 X10x
-6
= 5.6755584x10
-19
J
i sang eV: Chia tip cho e: m chia SHIFT 7 23 = Hin th: 3,5424 eV

Nhn xt: Hai kt qu trn khc nhau l do thao tc cch nhp cc hng s !!!

V d 2: i n v t uc
2
sang MeV: 1uc
2
= 931,5MeV . My 570ES nhp nh sau:
Nhp my: SHIFT 7 17 x SHIFT 7 28 x
2
: SHIFT 7 23 : X10
X
6 = hin th 931,494...
Vy: 1uc
2
= 931,5MeV

IV. V D V CCH DNG LNH SOLVE:
V d 1: c sng ca cc vch quang ph ca nguyn t hir c tnh theo cng thc:
2 2
1 1 1
H
R
m n
| |
=
|
\ .

Vi
7 1
1, 097.10
H
R m
= = hng s Rittberg. Vch u tin c bc sng ln nht (ng vi m =1 -> n= 2)

ca bc x trong dy Lyman l:Ta dng biu thc
2 2
1 1 1
H
R
m n
| |
=
|
\ .
Vi i lng cha bit l: ( bin X)
BM MY:
2 2
1 1 1
[ ][7][16] [ ][ ][ ]
1 2 X
SHIFT SHIFT CALC
| |
= =
|
\ .
Hin th: X= 1,215.10
-7
m =0,1215m
V d 2: Mt mu Na
24
11
ti t=0 c khi lng 48g. Sau thi gian t=30 gi, mu Na
24
11
cn li 12g. it Na
24
11
l cht
phng x |
-
to thnh ht nhn con l Mg
24
12
.Chu k bn r ca Na
24
11
l
A: 15h B: 15ngy C: 15pht D: 15giy
Ta dng biu thc:
0
0
.2 :
2
t
T
t
T
m
m m Hay m
= =
Vi i lng cha bit l: T ( T l bin X)
Nhp my :
30
12 48.2
X
= m: SHIFT CALC = (ch khong thi gian 6s) Hin th: X= 15 .Chn A

T nhng v d ny chng ta c th suy lun cch dng cc cng thc khc!!!

Nguyn tc thnh cng: Suy ngh tch cc; Cm nhn am m; Hnh ng kin tr !
Chc cc em hc sinh THNH CNG trong hc tp!
Su tm v chnh l: GV: on Vn Lng
Email: doanvluong@yahoo.com ; doanvluong@gmail.com
T: 0915718188 0906848238

PHN VII: DNG TCH PHN TNH QUNG NG DAO NG IU HA
( Nh my tnh Fx570ES ,Fx570ES Plus, VINACAL Fx570ES Plus)
I .Xt bi ton tng qut :Mt vt dao ng u ho theo quy lut:
s( ) x Aco t e = +
(1)
Xc nh qung ng vt i c t thi im
1
t n
2
t : t = t
2
- t
1

- gii quyt bi ton ny ta chia khong thi gian rt nh thnh nhng phn din tch th hin qung ng
rt nh, trong khong thi gian dt c th coi vn tc ca vt l khng i :

,
sin( t+ ) v x A e e = = (2)
-Trong khong thi gian dt ny, qung ng ds m vt i c l: sin( t+ ) ds v dt A dt e e = =
-Do , qung ng S ca vt t thi im
1
t n thi im
2
t l:

2 2
1 1
sin( t+ )
t t
t t
S ds A dt e e = =
} }
(3)
-Tuy nhin,vic tnh (3) nh my tnh Fx 570ES rt chm, ty thuc vo hm s v pha ban u( nhiu pht).
-Do vy ta c th chia khong thi gian nh sau:
t
2
- t
1
= nT + At;
Hoc: t
2
- t
1
= mT/2 + At
-Ta bit: +Qung ng vt i c trong 1 chu k l 4A.
+Qung ng vt i c trong 1/2 chu k l 2A.
-Nu At = 0 hoc At = 0 th vic tnh qung ng l kh khn...-> Ta dng my tnh h tr!

II.V d: Mt vt dao ng iu ho dc theo trc 0x vi phng trnh x = 6.cos(20t - t/3) cm (t o bng
giy). Qung ng vt i c t thi im t = 0 n thi im t = 0,7/6 (s) l
A. 9cm B. 15cm C. 6cm D. 27cm
Gii 1: Chu k T =
2
20 10
T s
t t
= = ; Thi gian i : t = t
2
- t
1
= t
2
- 0
0, 7 7
6 60
s
t t
= =
7
0
7 1
60
1
6 6
10
n v T
t
t
(
(
(
= = =
(
(

(

.
T/6 ng vi gc quay t/3 t M n A d thy on X
0
A= 3cm( Hnh1)
Qung ng vt i c 1chu k l 4A v t x
0
n A ng vi gc quay t/3 l x
0
A.
Qung ng vt i c : 4A + X
0
A= 4.6 +3= 24+3 =27cm. Chn D

Gii 2: Dng tch phn xc nh nh my tnh Fx570ES ,Fx570ES Plus, VINACAL Fx570ES Plus:
Vn tc: 120 in(20t- )(cm/s)
3
v s
t
= .
Qung ng vt i c trong khong thi gian cho l :
2
1
7 /60
0
120sin(20x- )
3
t
t
S ds dx
t
t
= =
} }

Nhp my: m: SHIFT MODE 4 m
}
, bm: SHIFT hyp (Dng tr tuyt i (Abs) ) .Vi biu thc
trong du tch phn l vn tc, cn trn l thi gian cui, cn di l thi gian u,.bin t l x, ta c biu thc
nh sau:
7 /60
0
120sin(20x- )
3
dx
t
t
}
Bm = (ch khong trn 3 pht ) hin th: 27. Chn D
Qu Lu! Sau y l cch khc phc v thi gian!
O
A
A
x
0
x
6
t
Hnh 1
M

III.Cc trng hp c th xy ra: t
2
- t
1
= nT + At; hoc: t
2
- t
1
= mT/2 + At
1.Trng hp 1: Nu cho t
2
- t
1
= nT ( ngha l At = 0 ) th qung ng l: S = n.4A
2.Trng hp 2: Nu cho t
2
- t
1
= mT/2 ( ngha l At = 0) th qung ng l: S = m.2A
3.Trng hp 3: Nu At = 0 hoc:: At = 0
Dng tch phn xc nh tnh qung ng vt i c trong thi gian At hoc At:
=>Tng qung ng: S=S
1
+S
2
= 4nA + S
2
vi
2 2
1 1
2
sin( t+ )
nT
t t
t nT t
S ds A dt e e
+
+
= =
} }
Hoc: S=S
1
+ S
2
= 2mA + S
2
vi
2 2
1 1 /2
2
/ 2
' sin( t+ )
mT
t t
t mT t
S ds A dt e e
+
+
= =
} }
Tnh S2 hoc S2 dng tch phn xc nh nh my tnh Fx 570ES; Fx570ES Plus sau y:

IV. Chn ch thc hin php tnh tch phn ca MT CASI O fx570ES, 570ES Plus
Thc hin php tnh tich phn
m: Phm
}
Mn hnh hin th
}
dx
Dng hm tr tuyt i ( Abs) m: SHIFT hyp
Mn hnh hin th dx
}

Ch bin t thay bng x m: ALPHA ) Mn hnh hin th X
Nhp hm
sin( + ) v A x e e =

m:
sin( + ) v A x e e =

Hin th
sin( + ) A x dx e e
}

Nhp cc cn tch phn
m:
2
1
t
t nT +
}
.
Hin th
2
1
sin( + )
t
t nT
A x dx e e
+
}

m du bng (=)
m: = ch hi lu
Hin th kt qu:.....

V.CC BI TP :
BI TP 1: Cho phng trnh dao ng iu ho 4 s(4 / 3)( ) x co t cm t t = + . Tm tng qung ng vt i
c trong khong 0,25s k t lc u.
Gii 1: Ta c Chu k
2 2 1
0, 5
4 2
T s s
t t
e t
= = = = .Do thi gian i c l 0,25s bng 1 na chu k nn qung
ng tng ng l 2A. => Qung ng S = 2A = 2.4 = 8cm ( mt na chu k: m = 1 )

Gii 2: T phng trnh li , ta c phng trnh vn tc : 16 sin(4 / 3)( / ) v t cm s t t t = + ,
Qung ng vt i c trong khong thi gian cho l:
2
1
t
t
S ds = =
}
0,25
0
16 sin(4 )
3
x dx
t
t t +
}

Nhp my Fx570ES: m: SHIFT MODE 4 : m
}
, bm: SHIFT hyp Dng hm tr tuyt i
(Abs).Vi biu thc trong du tch phn l phng trnh vn tc, cn trn l thi gian cui, cn di l thi gian

u,.bin t l x, ta c :

0,25
0
16 sin(4 )
3
x dx
t
t t +
} m = ch kh lu... mn hnh hin th: 8 => Qung ng S = 8cm

BI TP 2: Mt vt chuyn ng theo quy lut: 2 s(2 / 2)( ) = x co t cm t t . Tnh qung ng ca n sau thi
gian t=2,875s k t lc bt u chuyn ng .
GII: Vn tc 4 sin(2 / 2)( / ) v t cm s t t t =
*Chu k dao ng
2
1 T s
t
e
= = ; *S bn chu k:
| |
2, 875
5, 75 5
0, 5
m
(
= = =
(

(ch ly phn nguyn )
*Qung ng trong 5 bn chu k:
'
1
2 2.5.2 20 S mA cm = = =
*Qung ng vt i c trong At : 2 2
1
2
' ( )
mT
S t t
+

Vi
1
5
0 2, 5
2 2
mT
t s + = + =

Ta c:
2
1
2,875
2
/ 2 2,5
' 4 sin(2 - )
2
t
t mT
S ds t dt
t
t t
+
= =
} }

Nhp my tnh Fx570ES: m: SHIFT MODE 4 m:
2,875
2,5
4 sin(2 - )
2
x dx
t
t t
}
=
Ch vi pht ..mn hnh hin th: 2,585786438=2,6 => Qung ng S = 2mA + S
2
= 20 + 2,6 = 22,6cm

BI TP 3:Mt vt dao ng u ho c phng trnh: 2 s(4 / 3)( ) = x co t cm t t
Tnh qung ng vt i c t lc t
1
=1/12 s n lc t
2
=2 s.
GII: *Vn tc 8 sin(4 / 3)( / ) v t cm s t t t = *Chu k dao ng :
2 1
2
T s
t
e
= =
*S bn chu k vt thc hin c:
1
2
23
12
7
1
3
4
m
(
(
(
= = =
(
(

(

(ly phn nguyn) => m =7
*Qung ng vt i c trong m na chu k:
1 /2
1 1
' ( ) 2 . 2. .2 8 7 2
mT
S t t mA cm
+
= = =

*Qung ng vt i c trong At :
2 1 /2 2
' ( )
mT
S t t
+
Vi
1
1 7 22
/ 2)
12 4 12
t mT s + = + =
=11/6s
Ta c:
2
1
2
2
/ 2 11/6
' 8 sin(4 t- )
3
t
t mT
S ds dt
t
t t
+
= =
} }
Nhp my tinh Fx570ES: m: SHIFT MODE 4 m:
2
11/6
8 sin(4 - )
3
x dx
t
t t
}
=
Ch vi giy..mn hnh hin th : 3 => Qung ng S= S
1
+ S
2
= 2mA + S
2
= 28+3 =31cm


VI. PHNG PHP CHUNG :
Qua cc bi tp trn, chng ta c th a ra phng php chung gii cc bi ton tm qung ng
vt i c trong khong thi gian t
2
-t
1
:
1.Cn c vo phng trnh dao ng, xc nh cc i lng A, e v T. Vit phng trnh vn tc ca vt.
2. Chia khong thi gian: t
2
- t
1
= nT + At hoc: t
2
- t
1
= mT/2 + At.
3.Sau tnh qung ng vt i c trong s nguyn chu k hoc s nguyn bn chu k, tng ng vi
qung ng trong khong thi gian NT l S
1
= 4nA hoc mT/2 l S
1
= 2mA
4.Dng tch phn xc nh nh my tinh Fx570Es, Fx570ES Plus tm nhanh qung ng i trong At < T l
S
2
hoc At< T/2 l S
2

5.Tnh tng qung ng trong khong thi gian t t
1
n t
2
: S=S
1
+S
2
hoc: S=S
1
+S
2

VII.Trc nghim vn dng :
Cu 1: Mt vt dao ng iu ho theo phng trnh x = 1,25cos(2tt - t/12) (cm) (t o bng giy). Qung
ng vt i c sau thi gian t = 2,5 s k t lc bt u dao ng l
A. 7,9 cm. B. 22,5 cm. C. 7,5 cm. D. 12,5 cm.
Cu 2. Mt con lc l xo dao ng iu ha vi phng trnh : x = 6cos(20t + /3)cm. Qung ng vt i c trong
khong thi gian t = 13/60(s), k t khi bt u dao ng l :
A. 6cm. B 90cm. C102cm. D. 54cm.
Cu 3. Mt con lc l xo gm mt l xo c cng 40 N/m v vt c khi lng 100 g, dao ng iu ho vi bin 5
cm. Chn gc thi gian t = 0 lc vt qua v tr cn bng. Qung ng vt i c trong 0,175 (s) u tin l
A. 5 cm B. 35 cm C. 30 cm D. 25 cm
Cu 4. Mt vt dao ng iu ha dc theo trc Ox vi phng trnh: x = 5cos(8tt + t/3) cm. Qung ng vt i c
t thi im t = 0 n thi im t = 1,5 (s) l
A. 15 cm B. 135 cm C. 120 cm D. 16 cm
Cu 5. Mt vt dao ng iu ho dc theo trc Ox vi phng trnh: x = 3cos(4tt - t/3) cm. Qung ng vt i c
t thi im t = 0 n thi im t = 2/3 (s) l
A. 15 cm B. 13,5 cm C. 21 cm D. 16,5 cm
Cu 6. Mt vt dao ng iu ha dc theo trc Ox vi phng trnh: x = 5cos(tt +2t/3) cm. Qung ng vt i c
t thi im t
1
= 2 (s) n thi im t
2
= 19/3 (s) l:
A. 42.5 cm B. 35 cm C. 22,5 cm D. 45 cm
Cu 7. Mt vt dao ng iu ha dc theo trc Ox vi phng trnh: x = 5cos(tt + 2t/3) cm. Qung ng vt i c
t thi im t
1
= 2 (s) n thi im t
2
= 17/3 (s) l:
A. 25 cm B. 35 cm C. 30 cm D. 45cm
Cu 8. Mt vt dao ng iu ha dc theo trc Ox vi phng trnh: x = 5cos(tt + 2t/3) cm. Qung ng vt i c
t thi im t
1
= 2 (s) n thi im t
2
= 29/6 (s) l:
A. 25 cm B. 35 cm C. 27,5 cm D. 45 cm
Cu 9. Mt vt dao ng iu ha dc theo trc Ox vi phng trnh: x = 7cos(5tt + t/9) cm. Qung ng vt i c
t thi im t
1
= 2,16 (s) n thi im t
2
= 3,56 (s) l:
A. 56 cm B. 98 cm C. 49 cm D. 112 cm

PHN XIII: KT LUN KH NNG VN DNG:
-Dng my tnh CASIO: fx-570ES & fx-570ES Plus; VINACAL fx-570ES Plus gip TH SINH thao tc
nhanh, chnh xc v hiu qu mt s bi tp TRC NGHIM L 12 LUYN THI I HC.

Nguyn tc thnh cng: Suy ngh tch cc; Cm nhn am m; Hot ng kin tr !
Chc cc em HC SINH THNH CNG trong hc tp!
Bin son:: GV on Vn Lng
Email: doanvluong@yahoo.com ; doanvluong@gmail.com
in Thoi: 0915718188 0906848238

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bng cch bm my tnh: FX570ES; 570ES Plus , VINACAL 570EsPlus

=> 0,8 2 cos(100 )( )

(Ta khng quan tm n dng hin th

(rad) ngc pha u

(rad) vung pha

(rad) vung pha

= = hng s Rittberg. Vch u tin c bc sng ln nht (ng vi m =1 -> n= 2)

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