PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF GASTRITIS

GASTRITIS
*Inflammation of gastric mucosa
mucosamucosa
ACUTE
* Last for several
hours/few days
CHRONIC
* Repeated exposure to
irritating agents & recurring
episodes of acute gastritis
PRECIPITATING FACTORS
Local irritants:
bacterial endotoxins (ex: Staph.,
E.coli, Salmonella & viruses),
overuse of Aspirin & other
NSAIDS, excessive alcohol intake
Acute illnesses/traumatic injuries:
- Burns
- Severe infection
- Hepatic/renal failure
- Respiratory failure
- Major surgery
Dietary indiscrition:
- Irritating foods
- Spicy foods
- Too highly seasoned
PREDISPOSING FACTORS
Autoimmune dse:
pernicious anemia
Peptic ulcer dse
Person who had
gastroduodenostomy/
gastrojejunostomy
surgery
PRECIPITATING FACTORS
Benign/malignant ulcers
of stomach
Helicobacter pylori
Dietary factors:
- Caffeine
- NSAIDS/bisphosphonate
- Alcohol
- Smoking
Chronic reflux of
pancreatic secretions of
bile into the stomach

S/Sx:
- Abdominal discomfort
- Headache
- Hiccupping
- Bleeding & hematemesis
- N/V
- Anorexia
- Heart burn after eating
- Sour taste in mouth
- Pernicious anemia
- Peptic ulcer









PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF PEPTIC ULCER







PEPTIC ULCER
Group of ulcerative disorders in Upper GI tract
that are exposed to acid pepsin secretions

secretion of HCl by gastric mucosa
or tissues resistance to acid.
Erosion of circumscribed area
PRECIPITATING FACTORS:
Helicobacter pylori
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
Aspirin/NSAIDS/indomethacin
PREDISPOSING FACTORS:
Early Adulthood (Gastric)
Older age (55-70 yrs.old)
(Duodenal)
Affect men 4x than women
S/Sx:
- Burning, gnawing, or
cramplike
- Superficial/ deep
epigastric tenderness &
voluntary muscle
guarding
- Hemorrhage,obstruction,
perforation
DUODENAL
ULCER
GASTRIC
ULCER