tCvn T i u c h u n V i t N a m

TCVN 6454 : 1998 tcvn 6462 : 1998

Ph gia thc phm phm mu
Food additive Food colours
























H Ni 1998
tcvn 6454 : 1998
2









Li ni u
TCVN 6454 : 1998 TCVN 6462 : 1998 hon ton tng ng JECFA s
31/1 - 1984.
Trong TCVN 6460 : 1998 hon ton tng ng vi JECFA s 52. Add.
3 - 1996.
Cc tiu chun ny do Ban k thut tiu chun TCVN / TC / F5 V sinh thc
phm bin son, Tng cc Tiu chun - o lng - Cht lng ngh, B
Khoa hc, Cng ngh v Mi trng ban hnh.


tcvn 6454 : 1998
3
Mc lc
Trang
TCVN 6454 : 1998 Ph gia thc phm - Phm mu Tatrazin 5
TCVN 6455 : 1998 Ph gia thc phm - Phm mu vng mt tri ln FCF 8
TCVN 6456 : 1998 Ph gia thc phm - Phm mu xanh brillant FCF 12
TCVN 6457 : 1998 Ph gia thc phm - Phm mu Amaranth 15
TCVN 6458 : 1998 Ph gia thc phm - Phm mu Ronceau 4R


18
TCVN 6459 : 1998 Ph gia thc phm - Phm mu Riboflavin 21
TCVN 6460 : 1998 Ph gia thc phm - Phm mu Caroten (thc vt) 24
TCVN 6461 : 1998 Ph gia thc phm - Phm mu clorophyl 27
TCVN 6462 : 1998 Ph gia thc phm - Phm mu erythrosin 30




tcvn 6454 : 1998
4
tcvn 6454 : 1998
5
T I u c h u n v I t n a m tcvn 6454 : 1998


Ph gia thc phm Phm mu Tatrazin

Food additive Tartrazine



T ng ngha: Vng thc phm 4 Cl vng FD & C s 5
nh ngha: Tatrazin ch yu gm trinatri 5-hydroxy-1-(4- sunfonatophenyl)-4-(4- sunfonatophenylazo)
pyrazol - 3 - cacboxylat v cc cht mu ph vi natri clorua v/hoc natri sunfat l thnh phn khng
mu chnh.
Tatrazin c th thay th mu nhm tng ng ch trong trng hp cc yu cu k thut chung i vi
mu nhm c p dng.
Phn loi Thuc nhm monazo
M s: Cl (1975) N
0
19140
Cl (1975) vng thc phm 4
M s ng k dch v ho hc (CAS N
0
) 1934-21-0
EEC N
0
E102
Tn ho hc: trinatri 5- hydroxy-1-(4 - sunphonatophenyl-4-(4- sunfonatphenylazo) pyrazol-3-cacboxylat
Cng thc ho hc: C
16
H
9
N
4
Na
3
O
9
S
2

Cng thc cu to:


Khi lng phn t 534,37
Thnh phn chnh Hm lng tng cc cht mu khng nh hn 85%
M t Bt hoc ht mu da cam sng

*Thay th c tnh k thut trc y ca Tatrazin, c cng b trong ti liu Dinh dng ca FAO s 38B
(1996)
tcvn 6454 : 1998
6
Mc ich s dng Mu thc phm
Cc c tnh
Th nhn bit
**A. Tnh tan: Tan trong nc, t tan trong etanola
**B. Nhn dng cc cht mu
* Hao ht khi lng sau khi sy 135
0
C Khng ln hn 15%
* Clorua v sunfat, tnh theo mui natri Khng ln hn 15%
* Cc cht khng tan trong nc Khng ln hn 0,2%
Cc cht mu ph Khng ln hn 1% (xem m t mc Cc php th)
Thnh phn cht hu c ngoi cc cht mu
axit 4- hydrazinobenzen sunfonic:
axit 4- aminobenzen -1-sunfonic: Tng khng ln hn 0,5%
axit 5- oxo -1-(4- sunfophenyl)-2-pyrazolin-3-cacboxylic: (xem m t mc cc php th)
axit 4,4-diazoaminodi (axit benzen sunfonic)
tetrahydroxysuccinic:
Cc amin thm chnh khng sulfonat Khng ln hn 0,01%, tnh theo anilin
* cc cht khng tan trong ete Khng ln hn 0,2%
* asen Khng ln hn 3 mg/kg
* ch Khng ln hn 10 mg/kg
** Kim loi nng Khng ln hn 40 mg/kg
Cc php th

* Xem ph lc.
** Xem phng php chung (Hng dn i vi cc c tnh k thut, ti liu Dinh dng v Thc phm ca
FAO, s 5, sot xt ln 1 (1983)

tcvn 6454 : 1998
7
Th tinh khit
Cc cht mu ph p dng cc iu kin sau:
Dung mi khai trin (s 4). Chiu cao dung mi chy ln: khong 12 cm
Hp cht hu c ngoi cc cht mu. Dng sc k kh lng cao p (HPLC) vi cc iu kin sau;
gradien ra gii HPLC 2-100% 2% trn pht (theo hm m).
Phng php xc nh cc thnh phn chnh
Xc nh tng cc cht mu bng cch chun vi titan clorua:
Dng nh sau:
Khi lng mu 0,6 - 0,7 g
Cht m: 15 g natri hydro tatrat
Khi lng (D) ca cht mu tng ng 1,00 ml T
i
Cl
3
: 0,1 N l 0,01336 g.


___________________________














tcvn 6454 : 1998
8
T I u c h u n v I t n a m tcvn 6455 : 1998


Ph gia thc phm Phm mu Vng mt tri ln FCF

Food additive Sunset yellow FCF





T ng ngha: Cl vng thc phm 3
FD&C vng s 6
Crelborang S
nh ngha: Vng mt tri ln ch yu gm dinatri 2-hydroxy-1- (4- sunfonatophenylazo) naphthalen-
6- sulfonat v cc cht mu ph vi natri clorua v/hoc natri sunfat l thnh phn khng mu chnh.
Vng mt tri ln FCF c th thay th mu nhm tng ng ch trong trng hp cc yu cu k thut
chung i vi mu nhm c p dng.
Phn loi Thuc nhm monazo
M s: Cl (1975) N
0
15985
Cl (1975) vng thc phm 3
M s ng k dch v ho hc (CAS No) 2783-94-0
EEC No E110
Tn ho hc: Dinatri 2-hydroxy-1-(4- sunfonatphenylazo) naphthalen-6-sunfonat
Cng thc ho hc: C
16
H
10
N
2
Na
2
O
7
S
2



*Thay th c tnh k thut trc y ca phm Vng mt tri ln FCF, cng b trong bo co hi ngh Dinh
dng ca FAO, s 25 (1982).
tcvn 6454 : 1998
9
Cng thc cu to




Khi lng phn t 452,37
Thnh phn chnh Hm lng tng cc cht mu khng nh hn 85%
M t Bt hoc ht mu da cam
Mc ich s dng Mu thc phm
Cc c tnh
Th nhn bit
**A. Tnh tan: Tan trong nc, t tan trong etanola
**B. Nhn bit cc cht mu
Th tinh khit
* Hao ht khi lng sau khi sy 135
0
C Khng ln hn 15%
* Clorua v sunfat tnh theo mui natri Khng ln hn 15%
* Cc cht khng tan trong nc Khng ln hn 0,2%
Cc cht mu ph Khng ln hn 5% (Xem m t mc Cc php th)
Cc cht mu ngoi natri 2- hydroxy-1-(4- sun
- fonatophenylzo) naphthalen-3, 6-disunfonat
khng ln hn 2 %
Cc cht hu c ngoi cc cht mu:

* Xem ph lc ca tuyn tp
** Xem phng php chung (Hng dn i vi cc c tnh k thut ti liu Dinh dng v Thc phm ca
FAO s 5, sot xt ln 1, 1983).
tcvn 6454 : 1998
10
axit 4- aminobenzen -1-sunfonic
axit 3-hydroxynaphthalen-2,7-disunfonic
axit 6- hydroxynaphthalen-2-sunfonic Tng khng ln hn 0,5%
axit 6- hydroxynaphthalen-2-sunfonic (xem m t mc cc php th)
axit 7-hydroxynaphthalen-1,3-disunfonic
4,4 -diazoaminodi (axit benzensunfonic)
6,6 oxidi (axit naphthalen -2- sunfonic)
Cc amin thm chnh khng sulfonat ho Khng ln hn 0,01%, tnh theo anilin
* cc cht khng tan trong ete Khng ln hn 0,2%
* asen Khng ln hn 3 mg/kg
* Ch Khng ln hn 10 mg/kg
** Cc kim loi nng Khng ln hn 40 mg/kg
Cc php th
Th tinh khit
* Cc cht mu ph
S dng cc iu kin sau:
Dung mi khai trin: s (No) 4
Chiu cao dung mi chy ln Khong 17 cm
* Cc hp cht hu c ngoi cc cht mu
S dng HPLC theo cc iu kin sau:
Gradien ca dch ra gii HPLC: 2 n 100% 4% trn pht (tuyn tnh) theo ra gii 100%.

* Xem ph lc
** Xem phng php chung (Hng dn yu cu k thut, ti liu Dinh dng v Thc phm
FAO s 5, sot xt ln 1, 1983)
tcvn 6454 : 1998
11
xc nh cc thnh phn chnh
* Xc nh tng cc cht mu bng cch chun vi titan clorua:
S dng nh sau:
Khi lng mu: 0,5 - 0,6 g
m: 10 g natri xitrat
Khi lng cht mu (D) tng ng vi 1,00 ml Ti Cl
3
0,1 N l 0,01131 g.









































* Xem ph lc ca tuyn tp
tcvn 6454 : 1998
12
T I u c h u n v I t n a m tcvn 6456 : 1998

Ph gia thc phm Phm mu xanh brilliant FCF

Food additive Brilliant blue FCF


T ng ngha: Cl Xanh thc phm 2
FD & C Xanh s 1
nh ngha: Xanh Brilliant FCF ch yu gm dinatri -[ 4-(N -etyl - 3- sunfonatobenzylamino)
phenyl] - -[4-(N-etyl - 3 - sunfonatobenzylamino) xyclohexa - 2,5-dienyliden] toluen -2 - sunfonat v
cc ng phn ca n v cc cht mu ph vi natri clorua v/hoc natri sunfat l cc thnh phn
khng mu chnh.
Xanh Brililiant FCF c th thay th mu nhm tng ng ch trong cc trng hp cc yu cu k thut
chung i vi mu nhm c p dng.
Phn loi triarylmetan
M s Cl (1975) No 42900
Cl (1975) Xanh thc phm 2
M s ng k dch v ho hc (CAS No) 3844-45-9
EEC No E133
Tn ho hc: dinatri -[4-(N-etyl-3-sunfonatobenzylamino)phenyl] --[4-(N-etyl-3- sunfonatobenzy-
lamino) xyclohexa - 2,5-dienyliden] toluen -2 - sunfonat.
Cng thc ho hc: C
37
H
34
N
2
Na
2
O
9
S
3

Cng thc cu to:





*Thay th c tnh k thut trc y ca Brililian FCF, c cng b trong bo co hi ngh Dinh dng
ca FAO s 38B (1996).

tcvn 6454 : 1998
13
Khi lng phn t 792,84
Thnh phn chnh Hm lng tng cc cht mu khng nh hn 85%
M t Bt hoc ht mu xanh
Mc ich s dng Mu thc phm
Cc c tnh
Th nhn bit
**A. Tnh tan: Tan trong nc, t tan trong etanola
* B. Nhn bit cc cht mu
Th tinh khit
* Hao ht khi lng sau khi sy 135
0
C Khng ln hn 15%
* Clorua v sunfat tnh theo mui natri Khng ln hn 15%
Cc cht khng tan trong nc Khng ln hn 0,2%
Cc cht mu ph Khng ln hn 6% (xem m t mc Cc php th)
Cc cht hu c ngoi cc cht mu
Tng cc axit 2-,3- v 4-benzen focmyl sufonic Khng ln hn 1,5% (xem mc Cc php th)
axit 3-[[ etyl] 4- sunfophenyl) amino] benzen metyl sulfonic Khng ln hn 0,3% (xem m t mc
Cc php th)
Baz lenco Khng ln hn 5%
* Cc amin thm chnh nguyn thu khng sulfonat ho Khng ln hn 0,01%, tnh theo anilin
* cc cht chit c bng ete Khng ln hn 0,2%
* asen Khng ln hn 3 mg/kg
* ch Khng ln hn 10 mg/kg
* Crm Khng ln hn 50 mg/kg
** Kim loi nng Khng ln hn 40 mg/kg
Cc php th

* Xem ph lc tuyn tp
** Xem phng php chung (Hng dn i vi cc c tnh k thut, ti liu Dinh dng v thc phm s 5
ca FAO, sot xt ln 1, 1983)
tcvn 6454 : 1998
14
Th tinh khit
Cc cht mu ph
p dng cc iu kin sau:
Dung mi khai trin No 4
Pht trin sc khong 20 gi
* Cc hp cht hu c ngoi cc cht mu Tin hnh theo hng dn phn sc k ct.
C th dng cc cht hp th sau:
axit 3- benzen focmyl sunfonic: 0,0495 mg/L/cm 246 nm trong dung dch HCl long.
axit 3-[[ etyl] (4- sunfophenyl) amino] benzen metyl sunfonic: 0,078mg/L/cm 277 nm trong dung dch
amoniac long.
* Baz Lenco: Cn chnh xc 1205mg mu v tin hnh theo hng dn phn"xc nh baz Lenco"
hp th (a) = 0,164 mg/L/cm bc sng khong 630 nm, t l = 0,9706.
Phng php xc nh cc thnh phn chnh
* Xc nh tng cc cht mu bng cch chun vi titan clorua:
S dng nh sau:
Khi lng mu: 1,8 - 1,9 g
Cht m: 15 g natri hydro tatrat
Khi lng (D) ca cht mu tng ng 1,00 ml Ti Cl
3
0,1 N l 0,03965 g.



















* Xem ph lc.
tcvn 6454 : 1998
15
T I u c h u n v I t n a m tcvn 6457 : 1998


Ph gia thc phm Phm mu Amaranth

Food additive Amaranth


T ng ngha: Cl thc phm 9;
Naphtol Rot S.
nh ngha: Amaranth ch yu gm trinatri 2 -hydroxy-1 - (4-sunfonato-1-naphthylazo) naphthalen -3,6
- disunfonat v cc cht mu ph vi natri clorua v/hoc natri sunfat l thnh phn khng mu chnh.
Amaranth c th thay th mu nhm tng ng ch trong trng hp cc yu cu k thut chung i vi
cc mu nhm c p dng.
Phn loi thuc nhm monoazo
M s: Cl (1975) No 16185
Cl (1975) thc phm 9
*
(Food Red)
M s ng k dch v ho hc (CAS No) 915-67 - 3
EEC No E123
Tn ho hc: Tri natri 2 -hydroxy -1 -(4- sunfonato-1-naphthylazo) naphthlen-3,6-disunfonat.
Cng thc ho hc: C
20
H
11
N
2
Na
3
O
10
S
3
.
Cng thc cu to:




Khi lng phn t 604,48

* Sot xt yu cu k thut trc y i vi Amarath c cng b trong ti liu Dinh dng v thc phm
ca FAO s 25 (1982)

tcvn 6454 : 1998
16
Thnh phn chnh Hm lng tng cc cht mu khng nh hn 85%
M t Dng bt hoc ht c mu nu nh n nu xm.
Mc ich s dng Mu thc phm
Cc c tnh
Th nhn bit
*A. Tnh tan: Tan trong nc, t tan trong cn
**B. Nhn dng cc cht mu
Th tinh khit
** Hao ht khi lng sau khi sy 135
0
C Khng ln hn 15%
** Clorua v sunfat, tnh theo mui natri Khng ln hn 15%
** Cc cht khng tan trong nc Khng ln hn 0,2%
Cc cht mu ph Khng ln hn 3% (xem m t mc Cc php th)
Cc hp cht hu c ngoi cc cht mu
axit 4- aminonaphthalen-1- sunfonic
axit 3- hydronaphthalen-2,7 -disunfonic Tng khng ln hn 0,5%
axit 6 - hydroxynaphthalen -2- sunfonic (xem m t mc cc php th)
axit 7- hydroxynaphthalen -1,3 disunfonic
axit 7- hydroxynaphthalen -1 ,3,6 - trisunfonic
**Cc amin thm chnh khng sulfonat ho Khng ln hn 0,01%, tnh theo anilin
** cc cht khng tan trong ete Khng ln hn 0,2%
** asen Khng ln hn 3 mg/kg
** ch Khng ln hn 10 mg/kg
* Cc kim loi nng Khng ln hn 40 mg/kg
Cc php th


* Xem phng php chung (Hng dn i vi cc c tnh k thut, ti liu Dinh dng v Thc phm ca
FAO, s 5, sot xt ln 1 (1983)
** Xem ph lc ca tuyn tp
tcvn 6454 : 1998
17
Th tinh khit
Cc cht mu ph
p dng cc iu kin sau:
Dung mi khai trin No 3
Chiu cao chy ln ca dung mi: 17 cm, sau cho khai trin 1 gi na
* Cc hp cht hu c khc ngoi cc cht mu
S dng HPLC theo cc iu kin sau:
Gradien gii hp HPLC: 2 n 100%, tc 4% mi pht (tuyn tnh)
Phng php xc nh cc thnh phn chnh
*Xc nh tng cc cht mu bng cch chun vi titan clorua
S dng:
Khi lng mu 0,7 - 0,8 g
m: natri xitrat 10g
Tnh ton: khi lng cc cht mu (D) tng ng vi 1,00 ml T
i
Cl
3
0,1 N l 0,01511 g.


























* Xem ph lc ca tuyn tp

tcvn 6454 : 1998
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T I u c h u n v I t n a m tcvn 6458 : 1998


Ph gia thc phm Phm mu Ponceau 4 R

Food additive Ponceau 4 R



T ng ngha: (tn khc) Cl thc phm 7
Cochineal A
Coccin mi
nh ngha: Ponceau 4R ch yu gm trinatri-2-hydroxy-1-(4-sunfonato-1-naphthylazo) naphthalen-6,8-
disunfonat, v cc cht mu ph vi natri clorua v/hoc natri sunfat l thnh phn khng mu chnh.
Ponceau 4R c th thay th mu nhm tng ng ch trong cc trng hp yu cu k thut chung i
vi mu nhm ca cc cht mu c p dng.
Phn loi Thuc nhm monazo
M s: Cl (1975) No 16255
Cl (1975) thc phm 7
M s ng k dch v ho hc (CAS No) 2611-82-7
EEC No E124
Tn ho hc: Trinatri-2-hydroxy-1-(4 - sunphonato-1-naphthylazo) naphthalen-6,8-
disunfonat.
Cng thc ho hc: C
20
H
11
N
2
Na
3
O
10
S
3

Cng thc cu to:




* Thay th cho cc c tnh k thut ca Ponceau 4R trc y c cng b trong ti liu Dinh dng v Thc
phm s 19 (1981)

tcvn 6454 : 1998
19


Khi lng phn t 604,48
Thnh phn chnh tng hm lng cc cht mu khng nh hn 80%
M t Dng bt hoc ht mu nh
Mc ich s dng Mu thc phm
Cc c tnh
Th nhn bit
**A. Tnh tan: Tan trong nc, tan t trong cn.
*B. Nhn dng cc cht mu
Th tinh khit
* Hao ht khi lng sau khi sy 135
0
C Khng ln hn 20%
* Clorua v sunfat, tnh theo mui natri Khng ln hn 20%
* Cc cht khng tan trong nc Khng ln hn 0,2%
Cc cht mu ph Khng ln hn 1% (xem m t mc Cc php th)
Cc cht hu c khc ngoi cc cht mu
axit 4- amino naphthalen-1- sunfonic
axit 7-hydroxy naphthalen-2,7-disunfonic Tng khng ln hn 0,5%
axit 3 -hydroxy naphthalen-2,7-disunfonic (xem m t mc cc php th)
axit 6 -hydroxy naphthalen-2- sunfonic
axit 7 -hydroxy naphthalen-1,3,6- trisunfonic
* Cc amin thm chnh khng sulfonat ho Khng ln hn 0,01%, tnh theo anilin

** Xem phng php chung (Hng dn i vi cc c tnh k thut, ti liu Dinh dng v Thc phm ca
FAO s 5, sot xt ln 1, 1983.
* Xem ph lc ca tuyn tp
tcvn 6454 : 1998
20
* cc cht tan trong ete Khng ln hn 0,2%
* asen Khng ln hn 3 mg/kg
* Ch Khng ln hn 10 mg/kg
** Cc kim loi nng Khng ln hn 40 mg/kg
Cc php th
Th tinh khit
*
Cc cht mu ph
p dng cc iu kin sau:
Dung mi khai trin No.3
Chiu cao chy ln ca dung mi: 17 cm, sau khai trin thm 1 gi na
* Cc hp cht hu c ngoi cc cht mu
S dng HPLC theo cc iu kin sau: Gradien dch ra gii ca HPLC: 2 - 100%, tc 4% mi
pht (tuyn tnh)
Phng php xc nh cc thnh phn chnh
* Xc nh tng cc cht mu bng cch chun vi titan clorua
p dng cc iu kin sau:
Khi lng mu 0,7 - 0,8 g
m: 10 g natri xitrat
Khi lng cc cht mu (D) tng ng vi 1,00 ml Ti Cl
3
0,1 N l 0,01511 g.



* Xem ph lc ca tuyn tp
**
**
Xem phng php chung (Hng dn i vi cc c tnh k thut, ti liu Dinh dng v Thc phm
ca FAO s 5, sot xt ln 1, 1983).

ca tuyn tp

tcvn 6454 : 1998
21
T I u c h u n v I t n a m tcvn 6459 : 1998



Ph gia thc phm Phm mu Riboflavin

Food additive Riboflavin




T ng ngha: Vitamin B
2
, Lactoflavin
nh ngha:
Phn loi Thuc nhm iso-alloxazin
M s ng k dch v ho hc (CAS No) 83-88-5
EEC No . E101
Tn ho hc: 7,8-dimetyl-10- (1 -D-ribityl) isoalloxazin
Cng thc ho hc: C
17
H
20
N
4
O
6

Cng thc cu to:





Khi lng phn t 376,37
Thnh phn chnh Tng hm lng tng cc cht mu khng nh hn 98%
M t Dng bt mu vng n vng da cam, c mi nh.

*Thay th c tnh k thut trc y ca Ribolavin cng b trong hi ngh Dinh dng ca FAO (1959) tp
II

tcvn 6454 : 1998
22
Mc ich s dng Mu thc phm
Cc c tnh
Th nhn bit
**A. Tnh tan: Tan rt t trong nc, hu nh khng tan trong etanol, clorofoc,
axeton v ete.
Tan rt tt trong dung dch kim long.
B. S dng dung dch nc t mu xc nh hp th 267 nm,
375 nm v 444 nm. T s A
375
/A
267
nm trong khong 0,31 n
0,33.
T s A
444
/A
267
nm trong khong 0,36 n 0,39
C. Gc quay c trng, []
20o
khong t -115
0
n -140
0
(Xem m
t mc Cc php th)
D. t php th (xem m t phn Cc php th)
Th tinh khit
* Hao ht khi lng sau
khi sy 105
0
c Khng ln hn 1,5% sau 4 gi
** Tro sunfat Khng ln hn 0,1% (xem m t mc Cc php th)
Cc cht mu ph
Lumiflavin t php th (xem m t mc Cc php th)
* asen Khng ln hn 3 mg/kg.
* Ch Khng ln hn 10 mg/kg
** Kim loi nng Khng ln hn 40 mg/kg
Cc php th
Th nhn bit
C. Gc quay c trng, [ ]
0
20

D

Sy mu 105
0
trong 4 gi. Ho tan 50,0 mg trong natri hidroxit 0,05 N khng cha cacbonat, v pha long

* Xem ph lc tuyn tp
** Xem phng php chung (Hng dn i vi cc c tnh k thut, ti liu Dinh dng v Thc phm s
5, sot xt ln 1, 1983)
tcvn 6454 : 1998
23
n 10,0 ml vi cng mt loi dung mi. o quay quang trong vng 30 pht k t khi ho tan.
D. Ho tan khong 1 mg trong 10 ml nc. Dung dch ny c mu vng nh xanh nht khi quan st
trong nh sng xuyn qua v di s phn x nh sng c mu xanh nh vng m hn v mu b
mt i khi cho thm axit v c hoc kim vo.
Th tinh khit
Tro sunfat Tin hnh nh hng dn trong phn th tro * dng 2,0 g mu.
Lumiflavin Lc 25 mg vi 10 ml clorofoc thuc th khng cha etanol trong 5 pht v lc.
Mu dch lc khng c m hn dung dch chun Y
6
.
Dung dch tiu chun Y
6
c chun b nh sau:
Ho tan 46 g Fe Cl
3
, 6.H
2
O trong khong 900 ml hn hp axit clohidric m c v nc theo t l
25/975 v sau thm bng hn hp ny n 1000 ml. Chun dung dch v iu chnh dung
dch cha 45,0 mg Fe Cl
3
, 6.H
2
O trong 1 ml bng cch thm hn hp axit clohidric long.
Chun : Cho 10,0 ml dung dch vo bnh nn 200 ml c nt thu tinh trn y kn, thm 15 ml nc,
5 ml thuc th axit clohidric v 4 g thuc th kali iodua, y bnh v yn ch ti 15 pht v thm
100 ml nc. Chun it gii phng ra bng natri thiosunfat 0,1 N v 10 git dung dch h tinh bt lm
cht ch th, h tinh bt c cho vo trc khi kt thc qu trnh chun ; 1 ml natri thiosunfat 0,1 N
tng ng vi 27,03 mg Fe Cl
3
6.H
2
O.
Dung dch Y
6
c chun b bng cch pha long 0,1 ml dung dch chun Y vi axit clohidric 1%.
Phng php xc nh cc thnh phn chnh
Tin hnh th trong nh sng du. Cho 65,0 mg mu v 5 ml nc vo mt bnh nh mc bng thu
tinh mu nu dung tch 500 ml sao cho thm t hon ton v ho tan vi 5 ml dung dch natri hidroxit
2N. Ngay sau khi va tan ht thm 100 ml nc, 2,5 ml axit axetic bng v long vi nc n 500 ml.
Cho 20,0 ml dung dch ny vo bnh nh mc bng thu tinh mu nu dung tch 200 ml, thm 3,5 dung
dch natri axetat 1,4% m/V v pha long vi nc n vch 200 ml. o hp th cc i 444 nm.
Tnh ton hm lng C
17
H
20
N
4
O
6
c tnh n hp th c trng 328.










* Xem phng php chung (Hng dn i vi c tnh k thut, ti liu Dinh dng v Thc phm s 5, sot xt
ln 1, 1983)
tcvn 6454 : 1998
24
T I u c h u n v I t n a m tcvn 6460 : 1998


Ph gia thc phm Phm mu Caroten (thc vt)

Food additive Carotenes (vegetable)*



T ng ngha: -Caroten t nhin, Caroten t nhin, vng thc phm 5 Cl, caroten
hn hp, INS No.160 a(ii); Cl (1975) No.75130.
Cl (1975) No.40800 (-Caroten)
nh ngha: Caroten (thc vt) l sn phm thu c bng cch chit xut t c rt, c linh lng, du
qu c v khoai lang (Ipomoea batatas) bng dung mi v sau tinh ch. Thnh phn mu ch yu l
v Caroten, trong - Caroten l thnh phn chnh. C th c mt lng khng ng k v -
Caroten v cc sc t khc. Ngoi cc cht mu, cc cht ny c th cha du cht bo v sp c t
nhin trong ngun nguyn liu. Ch dng dung mi axeton, metanol, etanol, propan-2-ol, hexan v
cacbon dioxyt lm cht chit. Cc sn phm thng mi l cc dung dch hoc nh dch dng du
rau/du thc vt dng lm thc phm. Nhng sn phm ny d s dng v nng cao tnh n nh v
Caroten d b xy ho.
Phn loi Thuc nhm carotenoid
M s ng k dch v ho hc (CAS No) 7235-40-7
Cng thc ho hc: - Caroten : C
40
H
56

Cng thc cu to:



- Caroten



*Cc yu cu k thut ny c son tho kho hp 44 ca JECFA (1995) thay th cho yu cu k
thut trc y cng b trong FNP tp 52 (1993).

tcvn 6454 : 1998
25
Khi lng phn t 536,88
Thnh phn chnh Hm lng Caroten (tnh theo - Caroten) khng nh hn mc
cng b
M t: Cht lng hoc cht rn c mu n mu tm nh hoc da cam n da cam sm.
Mc ich s dng Mu thc phm
Cc c tnh
Th nhn bit
* A Tnh tan: Khng tan trong nc
* B o quang ph: Dung dch mu trong xyclo hexan A (1 trong 200.000) cho hp th cc i
bc sng 440-457 nm v 470-486 nm
* C Th Carr-Price: Dung dch mu trong clorofoc chuyn mu xanh khi thm mt lng d dung
dch th Carr-Price
Th tinh khit
* Asen Khng ln hn 3 mg/kg
*Ch Khng ln hn 10 mg/kg
Tin hnh theo hng dn xc nh hp cht hu c trong php th gii hn ch, s dng 10 g ion
ch (Pb) trong dung dch kim tra
* Kim loi nng Khng ln hn 20 mg/kg
Th 1 g mu theo hng dn ca Phng php ll php th gii hn
* Cn dung mi
Axeton
Hexan Khng ln hn 50 mg/kg, ring r hoc kt hp
Metanol
Propan-2-ol

Xem phng php chung (hng dn i vi yu cu k thut ca JECFA), FPN 5/sot xt ln 2
(1991)
tcvn 6454 : 1998
26
Phng php xc nh cc thnh phn chnh
Tin hnh theo hng dn trong phng php xc nh thnh phn chnh i vi cht mu thc
phm tan trong du

iu kin sau :
W (g) = lng nhn c hp th thch hp
V
1
= V
2
= V
3
= 100 ml
V
1
= V
2
= 5 ml

% 1
1cm
A = 2450

max
= 440-457 nm



tcvn 6454 : 1998
27
T I u c h u n v I t n a m tcvn 6461 : 1998


Ph gia thc phm Phm mu clorophyl
1

Food additive Cholorophylls



nh ngha: Clorophyl thu c bng cch chit clorophyl bng dung mi t c linh lng, cy tm ma
v cc thc vt khc hoc t cc ph phm ca qu trnh sn xut la sau khi tch hoc khng tch
magie t phc cht. Ch c cc dung mi sau y c th c s dng:
Axeton, butanol, diclometan, etanol, xng nh, propan-2-ol, tricloethylen v keton etyl metyl.
Sau dung mi c tch ra. Clorophyl cng c th cha cc sc t v cc cht khc nh du, cht
bo, sp c t ngun nguyn liu.
Phn loi Thuc nhm phobin (dihydrophorphin)
M s: Cl (1975) No 75810
Cl (1975) Xanh t nhin 3
M s ng k dch v ho hc (CAS) :
phaeophytin a, phc magi: 479-61-8
phaeophytin b, phc magi: 519-62-0
EEC No .E140
Tn ho hc: Cc cht mu chnh l phytyl 3-(4-etyl-10-metoxycacbonyl-1,3,5,8-tetrametyl-
9-oxo-2-vinylphorbin-7-yl)propionat (phaeophytin a) v phytyl 3-(4-etyl-3-
formyl-10-methoxycacbonyl-1,5,8-trimethyl-9-oxo-2-vinylphorbin-7-yl)
propionat (phaeophytin b) tn ti dng phc magie.
Cng thc ho hc: phaeophytin a, phc magie : C
55
H
72
MgN
4
O
5

phaeophytin b, phc magie : C
55
H
70
MgN
4
O
6




1
Thay th c tnh k thut trc y ca clorophyl, cng b trong bo co hi ngh Dinh dng ca FAO s 46 B
(19969)
tcvn 6454 : 1998
28
Cng thc cu to Phc magie ca phaeophytin a v b c cu to :





Trong X = CH
3
(phaeophyton a) hoc CHO (phaeophytin b)
Khi lng phn t Phaeophytin a, phc magie : 893,50
Phaeophytin b, phc magie 907,49
Thnh phn chnh khng nh hn 10% tng cc phaeophytin v phc ca cc phaeophytin tnh
theo phaeophytin a.
M t Cht rn dng sp c mu xanh liu n mu xanh sm tu thuc vo hm
lng magie
Mc ich s dng Mu thc phm
Cc c tnh
Th nhn dng
*A Tnh tan Khng tan trong nc
Tan trong etanol, ete, cloroform, benzen
B. Phn ng mu t c php th (xem m t Cc php th)
Th tinh khit
Cc cn dung mi: Thng tin cn: Axeton, butanol, diclorometan, etanol, xng nh, propan -2- ol,
tricloroetylen, keton etyl metyl.
** Asen Khng ln hn 3 mg/kg
** Ch Khng ln hn 10 mg/kg
* Kim loi nng Khng ln hn 40 mg/kg
Cc php th


** Xem ph lc.
* Xem phng php chung (Hng dn i vi cc c tnh k thut, ti liu Dinh dng v Thc phm ca FAO s 5, sot
xt ln 1, 1983)
tcvn 6454 : 1998
29
Th nhn bit
B. Phn ng mu
Ho tan mu trong ete hoc ete xng, thm mt lng nh dung dch kali hidroxit 10% trong metanol.
Mu s chuyn thnh mu nu v sau chuyn nhanh thnh mu xanh.
Phng php xc nh cc thnh phn chnh
(phng php yu cu)


_______________________

tcvn 6454 : 1998
30
T I u c h u n v I t n a m tcvn 6462 : 1998


Ph gia thc phm Phm mu Erythrosin

Food additive Erythrosine


T ng ngha: Cl thc phm 14, FD&C s 3
Ch s quc t N
o
127, EEC No E127.
nh ngha: Erythrosin ch yu gm mui dinatri 9- (o-cacboxyphenyl)-6-hydroxy-2,4, 5,7-tetraiodo-3-
isosanton monohydrat v cc cht mu ph, vi nc, natri clorua v/hoc natri sunfat lm thnh phn
khng mu chnh.
Erythrosin c th thay th mu nhm tng ng ch trong trng hp cc yu cu k thut chung ca
mu nhm c p dng

Phn loi Thuc nhm xanthen
M s: Cl (1975) No 45430
M s ng k dch v ho hc (CAS No) 16423-68-0
Tn ho hc: Mui dinatri ca 9-(o-cacboxyphenyl)-6-hydroxy-2,4,5,7- tetraiodo-3-
isoxanton monohydrat
Cng thc ho hc: C
20
H
6
l
4
Na
2
O
5
.H
2
O
Cng thc cu to:





* Cc c tnh k thut ny c son tho cuc hp ln th 41 ca JECFA (1993), thay th cho c
tnh k thut trc y cng b trong tuyn tp cc c tnh k thut ca ph gia thc phm (1992).
** Xem phng php chung (Hng dn i vi cc c tnh k thut ca JECFA) FNP 5 s 5, sot xt
ln 2, 1991)

tcvn 6454 : 1998
31
Khi lng phn t 897,88
Thnh phn chnh : Tng hm lng cht mu: Khng nh hn 87%
M t Dng bt hoc ht c mu
Mc ich s dng Mu thc phm
Cc c tnh
Th nhn bit
***A. Tnh tan: Tan trong nc, tan trong etanol
*B Cc cht mu t php th
Th tinh khit
** Hao ht khi lng sau khi sy 135
0

* Clorua v sunfat tnh theo mui natri Khng ln hn 13%
Cc mui v c iodua tnh theo natri iodua Khng ln hn 0,1%, xem m t mc Cc php th
* Cc cht khng tan trong nc Khng ln hn 0,2%
Asen Khng ln hn 3 mg/kg
** Ch Khng ln hn 10 gm/kg
** Km Khng ln hn 50 mg/kg
*** Kim loi nng : Khng ln hn 40 mg/kg.
Th 0,5 g mu theo hng dn trong phng php ll mc php th gii hn.
Cc cht mu ph (tr floresxein) Khng ln hn 4%, xem m t mc Cc php th
Floresxein : Khng ln hn 20 mg/kg xem m t mc Cc php th
Cc hp cht hu c ngoi cc cht mu
Tri-iodoresocinol : Khng ln hn 0,2%, xem m t mc Cc php th
axit 2-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,5-di-iodobenzoyl) benzoic : Khng ln hn 0,2%, xem m t mc Cc php th
1
Cc cht chit c bng ete : Khng ln hn 0,2%, i vi dung dch c PH khng
nh hn 7.


* Xem phng php chung i vi phm mu thc phm (Phn IV) trong phng php chung (Hng dn i vi cc c tnh
k thut ca JECFA) FNP 5/REV.2 (1991)
** Xem tp cht kim loi / Phng php s dng dng c chung trong phn ll ca phng php chung (Hng dn i vi cc
c tnh k thut ca JECFA), FNP 5/REV.2 (1991)
*** Xem phng php chung (Hng dn i vi cc c tnh k thut ca JECFA), FNP 5/REV.2 (1991)
tcvn 6454 : 1998
32
Cc php th
Th tinh khit
Cc mui v c tnh theo natri iodua
Nguyn tc: Hm lng natri iodua c xc nh bng cch chun in th vi dung dch bc nitrat
v dng in cc chn lc ion iodua.
Thit b:
in cc iodua chuyn dng c milivonmt thch hp v in cc so snh
- My khuy t
Thuc th : Dung dch bc nitrat 0,001 M.
Cch tin hnh
Cn 1,0 g mu, cho vo cc c m dung tch 100 ml. Thm 75 ml nc ct v khuy t n tan. Nhng
in cc iodua v in cc so snh vo dung dch, bt thc o c in th ca h thng tnh bng
milivon.
T buret thm dung dch bc nitrat lc u mi ln 0,5 ml v gim dn n 0,1 ml cho n khi gn n
im kt thc phn ng, v c th hin bng s tng in th sau mi ln thm. Sau mi ln thm,
c v ghi s milivon.
Tip tc chun cho n khi to nn s thay i nh ca in th.
V th mi tng quan gia s milivon v th tch bc nitrat thm vo. im tng ng l th
tch tng ng vi ch dc cc i ca ng cong.
Tnh ton: Phn trm ca natri iodua c trong mu = chun x 0,015 %
* Cc cht mu ph: Sc k giy hng chy ln
p dng cc iu kin sau:
Dung mi khai trin No.5
Chiu cao lp sc k chy ln 17 cm.
Ch - c bit khng sc k trc tip di nh nng mt tri.
Floresxein Nguyn tc: floresxein c tch khi mu bng k thut TLC v so snh vi sc chun
c chun b t floresxein nng tng ng vi mc gii hn.
Dung mi:

* Xem phng php chung i vi phm mu thc phm (Phn IV) trong phng php chung (Hng dn i vi cc c tnh
k thut ca JECFA) FNP 5/REV.2 (1991)
tcvn 6454 : 1998
33
Metanola: 500 ml;
Nc: 400 ml;
Amoniac (s.g.0.890) 100 ml;
Cn 1,0 g mu, ho tan vi 50 ml dung mi trong bnh nh mc 100 ml, sau thm dung mi n vch.
Dung dch tiu chun: Cn mt lng floresxein c tinh ch trc bng cch kt tinh li trong
etanola, bng 1 g nhn vi hm lng cht mu ca mu xc nh c trong phn xc nh thnh
phn. Ho tan trong nc (hoc trong nc vi 10 ml amoniac s..g. 0,890 nu dng axit khng cha
floresxein) v pha long n 100 ml. Chun b cc dung dch khc nh sau:
1 ml cho 100 ml vi nc
1 ml cho 100 ml vi nc
20 ml cho 100 ml vi dung mi
Dung mi sc k
n-butanola: 100 ml;
nc: 44 ml;
amoniac (s.g.0,890): 1 ml;
etanola 22,5 ml;
K thut TLC
Chm 25 l dung dch v cc dung dch chun cnh nhau trn bn mng xenulo. Cho khai trin trong
16 gi trong dung mi sc k. bn mng bay hi n kh. di ngun nh sng UV v so snh
mu hunh quang ca dung dch chun vi hunh quang ca vng tng ng trn sc ca mu.
Cng mu ca mu khng c ln hn cng ca dung dch chun.
Ch c bit khng sc k trc tip di nh nng mt tri.
* Cc cht hu c ngoi cc cht mu
Tin hnh nh hng dn Phn sc k ct
C th dng cc cht hp th sau y:
axit 2(2,4,dihydroxy-3,5-di-iodobenzoyl) benzoic
0,047 mg L
-1
cm
-1
: 348 nm (tnh kim)
Tri-iodoresorcinol : 0,079 mg L
-1
cm
-1
: 223 nm (tnh axit)

* Xem phng php chung i vi phm mu thc phm (Phn IV) trong phng php chung (Hng dn i vi cc c tnh
k thut ca JECFA) FNP 5/REV.2 (1991)
tcvn 6454 : 1998
34
Phng php xc nh thnh phn chnh:
Ho tan khong 1 g mu c cn chnh xc, trong 250 ml nc, chuyn vo cc c m sch dung tch
500 ml, thm 8,0 ml axit nitric 1,5 N v khuy u. Lc qua phu lc xp (s 3, ng knh 5 cm)
c cn trc gm c a thu tinh nh. Ra k vi axit nitric 0,5% cho n khi dch lc khng c vi
thuc th bc nitrat, v sau ra vi 30 ml nc. Lm v cn mt cch cn thn bng a thu tinh.
Sy kh n khi lng khng i 135 5
0
C. ngui trong bnh ht m v cn.
Khi lng ca cn x 107,4
Phn trm tng cht mu =
Khi lng ca mu
Xc nh cc cht khng tan trong axit clohidric c trong phm erythrosin
Thuc th:
- axit clohidric m c;
- axit clohidric 0,5% v/v;
- dung dch amoniac long (pha long 10 ml amoniac s,g 0,890 n 100 ml bng nc).
Cch tin hnh
Cn chnh xc khong 5 g cht mu v cho vo cc c m dung tch 500 ml. Thm 250 ml nc v 60
ml axit clohidric m c. un si ho tan alumin trong khi erythrosin chuyn thnh dng axit t do,
dng ny khng tan trong axit. Lc qua phu lc xp s 4. Ra phu lc bng mt t axit clohydric nng
0,5%, v sau bng mt t nc ct nng. dch lc axit ra khi bnh hng v li ra phu lc bng
dung dch amoniac long nng cho n khi dch ra khng mu. Sy phu n khi lng khng i
135
0
C. Biu th cn bng phn trm lng mu ly.