http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Republic_Act_No.

_8371
The Republic Act also states that !"" / !# wo$en shall en%o& land rights and
opportunities with $en in all spheres o' li'e and pro(ides 'or her participation in
the decision)$aking process in all le(els as well* 'ull access to education*
$aternal and child care* health* nutrition* housing ser(ices and training 'acilities.
+ ,-.A/!T0 A12N3 421,N.
!t was signed b& #resident 5idel 6. Ra$os on 78 2ctober 1887.
http://www.slideshare.net/ralph$artin/indigenous)peoples)education)curriculu$)
o')the)philippines
http://echoesineducation.9les.wordpress.co$/7:13/:7/iped)gad)loc)con.pptx
There are di;erent laws and orders in the #hilippines &et the law ne(er 'orget
preser(ing the wellness and the better$ent o' the #hilippines nature* these laws
are $ade b& (arious people and $an& o' the$ are i$ple$ented &et others are
not that i$ple$ented.
http://ourculturalheritage.blogspot.co$/7:17/:1/wedding)blues)and)ipra.ht$l
http://www.baguio$idlandcourier.co$.ph/'ront.asp<
$ode=archi(es/7:1:/august/8)78)7:1:/'ront7.txt
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/!ndigenous_peoples_o'_the_#hilippines
http://pd'.usaid.go(/pd'_docs/#NA>?8:3.pd'
http://www.'orestpeoples.org/sites/'pp/9les/publication/7:1:/:8/land'orestsandpe
opleseasiasept:7eng.pd'
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/"@2/Resources/A1s7:1:"o$$unit&#erspecti
(eon5ree#rior!n'or$ed"onsent_3arigueA.pd'
!#RA
!n 1887 the Republic o' the #hilippines passed into law Republic Act 8371 or the
!ndigenous #eoples Rights Act. #opularl& called !#RA* the law recogniAes* protects
and pro$otes the rights o' the indigenous peoples B!#sC in the #hilippines who
$ake up 18D o' the national population. !t is considered a land$ark legislation
'or social %ustice and hu$an rights* and $andates a process o' re'or$ that is
re(olutionar&. This re'or$ process in(ol(es 1C the awarding o' ancestral do$ain
and land titles to !# co$$unities while protecting the$ in their ancestral lands*
7C e$powering the$ to $anage their ecos&ste$s and resources 'or their
sustenance* 3C building their capabilit& 'or sel')go(ernance* EC $ainstrea$ing the
deli(er& o' go(ern$ent ser(ices to their co$$unities* and FC preser(ing their
indigenous knowledge s&ste$s* culture and traditions 'or their 'uture
generations. B2#A!#A 7::1C
.nder the law the N"!#* an independent go(ern$ent agenc& under the 2Gce o'
the #resident* is the pri$ar& organiAation responsible 'or the i$ple$entation o'
!#RA.
?e'ore a description o' the process o' ancestral do$ain delineation and
recognition is undertaken* there is a need to 9rst de9ne those ter$s in the law
that allows 'or land titles. The t&pes o' title that !#s can appl& 'or under the law
are the "A>T or the "erti9cate o' Ancestral /and Title B"A/TC. A "A>T re'ers to a
title 'or$all& recogniAing the rights o' possession and ownership o' !#s o(er their
ancestral do$ains identi9ed and delineated in accordance with this lawH a "A/T
re'ers to a title 'or$all& recogniAing the rights o' !#s o(er their ancestral lands.
!n the !#RA law ancestral do$ains and ancestral lands are de9ned as 'ollows:
Ancestral >o$ains )@ub%ect to @ection FI hereo'* re'er to all areas generall&
belonging to !ndigenous "ultural "o$$unities B!""sC/!#s co$prising lands* inland
waters* coastal areas* and natural resources therein* held under a clai$ o'

Ancestral >o$ain >elineation and Recognition: "A>T o' A&tas o' ?ataan 1

ownership* occupied or processed b& !""s/l#s* b& the$sel(es or through their
ancestors* co$$unall& or indi(iduall& since ti$e i$$e$orial* continuousl& to
the present except when interrupted b& war* 'orce $a%eure. or displace$ent b&
'orce* deceit* stealth or as a conseJuence o' go(ern$ent pro%ects or an& other
(oluntar& dealings entered into b& go(ern$ent and pri(ate indi(iduals
/corporations* and which are necessar& to ensure their econo$ic* social and
cultural wel'are. !t shall include ancestral lands* 'orests* pasture* residential*
agricultural* and other lands* indi(iduall& owned whether alienable and
disposable or otherwise* hunting grounds* burial grounds* worship areas* bodies
o' water* $ineral and other natural resources* and lands which $a& no longer be
exclusi(el& occupied b& !""s/!#s but 'ro$ which the& traditionall& had access to
'or their subsistence and traditional acti(ities* particularl& the ho$e ranges o'
!""s/!#s who are still no$adic and/or shi'ting culti(atorsH B"hapter !!* @ec. 3aC
Ancestral /ands )@ub%ect to @ection FI hereo'* re'ers to land occupied* possessed
and utiliAed b& indi(iduals* 'a$ilies and clans who are $e$bers o' the !""s/!#s
since ti$e i$$e$orial* b& the$sel(es or through their predecessors)in)interest*
under clai$s o' indi(idual or traditional group ownership* continuousl&* to
present except when interrupted b& war* 'orce $a%eure or displace$ent b& 'orce*
deceit* stealth* or as a conseJuence o' go(ern$ent pro%ects and other (oluntar&
dealings entered into b& go(ern$ent and pri(ate indi(iduals/ corporations*
including* but not li$ited to* residential lots* rice terraces or paddies* pri(ate
'orests* swidden 'ar$s and tree lotsH B"hapter !!* @ec. 3bC
As noted in the de9nitions* ancestral lands and ancestral do$ains are sub%ect to
@ection FI* ,xisting #ropert& Rights Regi$es. @ection FI states that propert&
rights within the ancestral do$ains alread& existing and/or (ested upon the
e;ecti(it& o' this Act* shall be recogniAed and respected. !n the publication*
3uide to R.A. 8371 B1888C* propert& rights are s&non&$ous with KtitleK and
applicable in a strict sense onl& to real propert&.
Title in this sense is de9ned as that which constitutes a %ust cause o' exclusi(e
possession* or which is the 'oundation o' ownership o' propert&. /icenses* leases*
grants or per$its are not enco$passed in the phrase because such are pri(ileges
and not rights.
As a general rule* !""s/!#s shall be in'or$ed o' existing licenses* leases* grants or
per$its co(ering ancestral do$ains and issued be'ore !#RA takes e;ect. @uch
licenses* leases* grants or per$its $a& continue to be in 'orce until the& expire
or unless the& are earlier ter$inated 'or cause or 'or (iolation o' laws* or ter$s
and conditions o' the lease* grant* and per$it. A renewal shall be sub%ected to
the !""/!#s 'ree prior and in'or$ed consent. 4here possible* said licenses* grants
or per$its shall be re(iewed to see how the a;ected !""s/!#s* either directl& or
indirectl&* $a& bene9t. B"!#RA> 1888: 7C
The N32 /egal Assistance "enter 'or !ndigenous 5ilipinos B#AN/!#!C* one o' the
$ain contributors to the publication o' the "oalition 'or !ndigenous #eoples
Rights and Ancestral >o$ains B"!#RA>C* applies and ad(ocates the !#RA.
The /egal Rights "enter B/R"C and #AN/!#! ga(e the A&tas in'or$ation and
paralegal training on the !#RA including "hapters !!! and 6!!! 'or the delineation o'
a "A>T. "hapter !!! o' the !#RA pertains to Rights to Ancestral >o$ains and
"hapter 6!!! co(ers >elineation and Recognition o' Ancestral >o$ains. B@ee
Appendix 1 'or Lowchart 'or recognition and delineation o' ancestral do$ainC.
The process o' how the pro(isions were applied 'or the "A>T delineation and
recognition is presented in the 'ollowing section. >ata regarding the #astolan
"A>T were deri(ed 'ro$ inter(iews and records o' the A&tas o' #astolanH N"!#
"entral* Regional* and #ro(incial 2GcesH the assisting N32 #hilippine Association
'or !ntercultural >e(elop$ent* !nc. B#A5!>CH

7 Ancestral >o$ain >elineation and Recognition: "A>T o' A&tas o' ?ataan

@?1AM s ,colog& "enterH and a 'or$er consultant 'ro$ the !ndigenous #eoples
>e(elop$ent #rogra$ B!#>#C o' the @econd @ubic ?a& 5reeport #ro%ect 'unded b&
the 4orld ?ank.