p

[3].
pp pp p

:
Kw = 1 + 0,5/ =
= 1 + 0,5clcosw(1 /)/,
p p .
p. 5 p

Kw
* = Eb/ p b/bw = 0,35 p . 1 ( = 0,8)

(.
p. 1), 2 3

p (2
= 8; 3 = 16).
p, p
, p p
p, p pp pp p
, p pp p .
Pp p
p p

pp p .
P

1. . ., . .,
. . p p
p
pp p //
p . 2003. 4.
. 3034.
2. p . ., p . .,
p . . p p. p. .: p, 1977. 563 .
3. . 2291335 P. p:
7 F16H 1/48. p p.

621.436:621.827.2

. . P, -p . (, ), e-mail: mnazarov@sabainc.com

p pp p
p
6 , , , - ,
. -
, ,
.
: , , - .
By means of special experimental research on the example engines with useful capacity of 6 liters a possibility of practical
use of elaborated theoretical justifications, method, technique, and deduced formulae has been shown. The use of the results
obtained allows compensate completely overall unbalanced mass of details of the engines crank mechanism, increasing of
mass-geometrical parameters, and sector radius of all counterweights of the crankshaft. It was found that the use of proposed
method and technique on the manufacturers and in conditions of the motor-repair production does not evolve any obstacles
and heavy expenses. At the same time, together with ease realization it allows to enhance considerably basic qualitative adjectives of the engines.
Keywords: balanced state of engine, counterweights of the crankshaft, compensation of overall unbalanced mass of
crank mechanism.

p [1] , p
p () my p- () V-8 p p pp ()
p
(). p m p p
, pp , p p, p , , p p p28

.
p , p p.
m .
p, m ,
p (). p
p p p p , p V-8 p Vst = 6 .
p ISSN 0042-4633. . 2010. 6

 p p (1) p (2) , . . p:

m1 > m8; 1 > 8; m11 > m88,

l2

0,
5l
2

0,
5l
0

0,
5l
2

p , p p
[1, 2], p p p V-8 .
pp M01,
02, M03, p
p, p p 1- 8-, 2- 7-, 3- 6- , p:

l2

01 = 0,5m11(1 + c0)l22c1; M02 = m22l22c2;

0,

5l
0

M03 = m33l22c3,
0

(3)

P. 1. p
p
V-8 Vst = 6 7

p p 1, 2, 3, 6, 7
8- , p p. 1.
p p pp Vst = 6 p,
p 8- , pp
m = 2,94 .
p p p p.
p p p
p p p
, p pp
pp p
pp , p p p
p.
p p p p p p [1]. p pp p V-8 (. p. 1) p
p :
m1 = m8; 1 = 8; m2 = m7; 2 = 7;
m3 = m6; 3 = 6;

(1)

m11 = m88; m22 = m77; m33 = m66, (2)

(4)

ci pp p
(pp); l2 p p
(. p. 1); p .
ci p p:
c0 = m88/(m11); c1 = 3 + k0;
c2 = 3 k0; c3 = 1 + k0,

(5)

k0 = l0 /l2 pp p pp (); l0
p p (. p. 1).
p p (3), pp 0 :
0 < 1.

(6)

Vst = 6 p
,
p . Pp , my p p . p M
p p p,
p
M01, M02, M03, p
(. p. 2, ):
2 +
M = [(M01 + M02)2 + M 03

+ 2(M01 + M02)M03sin(0 + 0)]0,5;

(7)

tg = [(M01 + M02)sin0 +

mi i p p
p p,
p i- , p p p pp .

0 0 p
p, p p p

ISSN 0042-4633. . 2010. 6

29

+ M03cos0][(M01 + M02)cos0 + M03sin0]1, (8)

0 1826'
M

M3
M

M2

M1

M01

M02
= 1826'
a)

M03
01 = 02 = 0

= 0

1826'

M1 = 0,5(1 + c0)c1l22(m1 + m1)(1 + 1); (15)

M1

M2

M2 = c2l22(m2 + m2)(2 + 2);

M3

= = 1826' 1 = 2 = = 0

M3 = c3l22(m3 + m3)(3 + 3).

P. 2. p p p p p
p p
p p , p p p p p p, p p p pp () ()

pp
(. p. 1).
(4), p (7) (8) :
M = l22{[0,5(1 + c0)c1m11 + c2m22]2 +
+ (c3m33)2 + [(1 + c0)c1m11 +
+ 2c2m22]c3m33sin(0 + 0)}0,5;

(9)

sin + c m 3 cos 0
---------------0---------3------3
-------------------- ,
cos 0 + c 3 m 3 3 cos 0

M1 = M1 M01; M2 = M2 M02;
M3 = M3 M03,

(17)

M1, M2, M3 p M01, M02, M03,

p, p 1- 8-, 2- 7-, 3-
6- .
(7) (8) (. p. 2, ):
M = [(M1 + M2)2 + M 32 +
(18)

tg = [(M1 + M2)sin0 +
(10)

+ M3cos0][(M1 + M2)cos0 + M3sin0]1.

(19)

p (15) (16), p
(18) (19) :

:
k2 = m33/(m11),

(16)

0 0 p p , M01 M1, M02

M2, M03 M3 (. p. 2). :

+ 2(M1 + M2)M3sin(0 + 0)]0,5;

[ 0,5 ( 1 + c )c m 1 + c 2 m 2 2 ]
tg = --------------------0------1------1
-----------------------------------
[ 0,5 ( 1 + c 0 )c 1 m 1 1 + c 2 m 2 2 ]

k1 = m22 /(m11);

p pp
p m1 1, m2
2, m3 3, m8 8 m1 1,
m2 2, m3 3, m8 8. M1,
M2, M3 p,
p 1- 8-, 2- 7-, 3- 6-
, p
p:

(11)

M = l22{[0,5(1 + c0)c1(m1 + m1)(1 + 1) +

k1, k2 pp p pp.
p (11) (9) (10)
p :

+ 2(m2 + m2)(2 + 2)]2 + [c3(m3 + m3)

M = a1cl22m11;

(12)

[ 0,5 ( 1 + c )c + k c ] sin + k c cos

tg = --------------------0------1---------1----2--------------0---------2----3------------0 ,
[ 0,5 ( 1 + c 0 )c 1 + k 1 c 2 ] cos 0 + k 2 c 3 sin 0

(13)

ac1 p pp
(), p
ac1 = {[0,5(1 + c0)c1 + k1c2]2 + k 22 c 32 +
+ k2[1 + c0)c1 + 2k1c2]c3sin(0 + 0)}0,5.
30

(14)

(3 + 3)]2 + [(1 + c0)c1(m1 + m1)(1 + 1) +

+ 2c2(m2 + m2)(2 + 2)]c3(m3 + m3)(3 +
+ 3)sin(0 + 0)}0,5;

(20)

[0,5 ( 1 + c )c ( m + m 1 ) ( 1 + 1 ) +
tg = --------------------0------1--------1
---------------------------------------------
[0,5 ( 1 + c 0 )c 1 ( m 1 + m 1 ) ( 1 + 1 ) +
+ c ( m + m 2 ) ( 2 + 2 )
--------2--------2
--------------------------------------------- ...
+ c 2 ( m 2 + m 2 ) ( 2 + 2 )
sin c ( m + m 3 ) ( 3 + 3 ) cos 0
... ---------------0----3--------3
--------------------------------------------------- cos 0 c 3 ( m 3 + m 3 ) ( 3 + 3 ) sin 0

(21)

ISSN 0042-4633. . 2010. 6

 :
cr0 = [(m8 + m8)(8 + 8)]
[(m1 + m1)(1 + 1)]1;

(22)

kr1 = [(m + m2)(2 + 2)]

[(m1 + m1)(1 + 1)]1;

(23)

kr2 = [(m3 + m3)(3 + 3)]

[(m1 + m1)(1 + 1)]1.

(24)

, p p, p p (5), p (11)
(22)(24) p . , :
cr0 = c0; kr1 = k1; kr2 = k2.

(25)

(9)(25) p
p [1, 2] p p , p
p :

M = a1cl22(m11 + m11);
m11 + m11 = a1c(mc0 + my) m11;
m11 + m11 = a1c my,
1 r p a1c = 3,162 a 1c
pp (); mc0 , p .
P p p,
p 1- , p p:

(26)

m.p1 = (a1cmy m11) 11 ,

1 1, p p
.
, p p p
p

m.1 p p,
p p pp p1
p p m1 p. p:

1 .
p1 = (a1cmy m.11) m 1

(27)
(28)

p p,
pp pISSN 0042-4633. . 2010. 6

(29)

p (29) p (26) :
m.p.1 = a1c 1 1 (mc0 + my) m1;

(30)

m.p.1 p
p p pp p p .
pp p (29) ,
, p (30) p p
p p.
, p p p pp p.1
p p p p
p p p
p.1 = 0.

m.p1 = [a1c(mc0 + my)

p1 = [a1c(mc0 + my)
1 ;
m11 m.11] m 1

1 = 0.

m.p.1 = a1c 1 1 my,

M = a1cl22(m11 + m11 + m11);

m11 m11] 1 1 ;

, my p
p . pp p p (my. max)
p (my. max) Vst = 6 3,571 7,093 .
Vst = 6
Vst = 7 , p m. max = 24,778
m. max = 28,47 . p p , p my p p p 1
p p pp. , p p p

(31)

P , p
a1cmc0 m11 = 0.

(32)

, p p p p, p
, pp p (31) p
p pp pp p p .
(32) p (27) (28)
.
p p p,
(28). p p (31), p (28) :
1 = 0.
p.1 = (a1cmy m.p11) m 1
p my
p p p p:
mi > 0; i > 0; m1 > 0;
1 > 0; m.1 > 0; 1 > 0.

(33)
31

 p p (39) p
m.1 < a1c 1 1 my.
k.1 = m.p.1/m.1.

(34)

p p p (26) (30) :
m.p.1 > m.1.

(35)

p p (35) p , p (26) pp
1, p , p (30) . 1, p (26), m.1 (m.p1). : k.1 > 1.
p (34) :
1 m
m.1 = k .1
.p.1.

(36)

pp k.1 p
p p , p
, p p
p p. pp
V-8 pp p p p p
p k.1 = k.2 = 1,36 1,054.
(30)
m.p.1. , k.1, (36) p m.1.
m.p.1 p (27), (28) p p1. pp pp m1 1. , p p
m /m1 = mi /mi; 1/1 = i /i.

(37)

(37) :
1 m ; = 1 .
mi = m1 m 1
i
i
1 1
i

(38)

p (38) :
1 1 1 2;

(39)

1 m ; = 1 .
m3 = m1 m 1
3
3
1 1
3

(40)

m2 =

1 m ;
m1 m 1
2

2 =

ri p p i- p,
mi, :
ri = 57,307mi(i hi ri)1,

1
Vst = 6

,

264,04 0
m1,
1,
54,7
sin0
m11,
14443,0 cos0
178,61 0 + 0
m2 = m7,
2 = 7,
51,9
sin(0 + 0)
m22 = m77, 9669,9 k0
m3 = m6,
166,57 c1
3 = 6,
53,0
c2
m33 = m66, 8828,2 c3
m8,
260,99 mc0,
8,
54,3
a1c
m88,
14171,8 a1,
k1
0,642 1 = 2 = 7 = 8
0,611 3 = 6
k2
c0
0,981 , /3

(41)

i rci p p i- p, p p p
pp ; hi
i- p; p .
32

i p (41)
p.
p , p pp p p p
p pp . p
, p
p p p Vst = 6 .
p p p p , p
p p p Vst = 6 p
. p pp
p , p,
p [3] . 1.
P p
p. 3, . 2. my, p
, p p p
p 6 7 . p pp p p p, p
p p,

25
0,4226
0,9063
36
0,5878
0,643
3,643
2,357
1,643
554,76
5,769
26,035
142
116
0,79

l2,
l0,
0

136,0
87,5
11

rci = rc,
h1 = h8,
h2 = h3 = h6 = h7,

99
34,0
21,0

sin0
cos0

0,1908
0,9816

k.1 = k.2

1,042

ISSN 0042-4633. . 2010. 6

m..1, mi,

ri,

1, i, 102

m..1

1; 1

m1

12

r3

12

2,5

m2
9
m3

3,0

2,0

r1

1,5

1,0

0,5
mi
0

r2

10

i
20
)

30 m,

10

20
)

30 m,

ri
10

30 m,

20
)

P. 3. pp (), p p () p p () p
p pp

(. p. 3, ) , pp pp p , p p p p
.
ri p
p i- p p
p p p p p,
p p p
p p pp
p p . ri p , pp
p, -p p, p, , 2

Vst = 6

,

m..1,
m.1,
m.1 = m.1,
p1 = 1,
m1 = m8,
1 = 8,
m2 = m7,
2 = 7,
m3 = m6,
3 = 6,
r1 = r8,
r2 = r7,
r3 = r6,

my,
3,571

7,093

24,778

28,470

1700
1,631
1,631
0,0142
1,631
0,0142
1,103
0,0135
1,029
0,0138
0,247
0,271
0,309

3,376
3,240
3,240
0,0282
3,240
0,0282
2,192
0,0268
2,044
0,0273
0,492
0,539
0,615

11,793
11,377
11,377
0,0985
11,377
0,0985
7,696
0,0935
7,177
0,0954
1,727
1,891
2,159

13,551
13,005
13,005
0,1130
13,005
0,1130
8,797
0,1072
8,204
0,1095
1,974
2,162
2,468

ISSN 0042-4633. . 2010. 6

p,
p p pp p. ri, pp pp i- p :
mi = ci [(1 + cri ri)2 1];

(42)

1 )3 1]}
i = i [{1 + cai[(1 + ri r ci
1 )2 1]}1 1],
{1 + cdi[(1 + ri r ci

2 ;
i = 8,73103ihi r ci

1 ;
cri = r ci

(43)
cai =

3 m 1 1 h sin(0,5 ); c = 8,73
= 1,164102 r ci
i
i
di
i i
2 m 1 h .
103i r ci
i i
p p (42) (43)
pp i- p p pp m1 p p pp
1 p p p, p my .
p
p, pp-
pp p pp p p i- p
r1 m ri, ri pp p p i- p.
p ri p (42)
(43) :

m.i = ci[(1 + criri)2 1];

1 )3 1]}
i = i [{1 + cai[1 + ri r ci
1 )2 1]}1 1],
{1 + cdi[(1 + ri r ci

33

 m.i i pp pp, ri.

pp, (38) p p
pp p p p p p:

m.1 i m1 1, r1 ( r1 p p p p, ri).
m.1 1, p pp p,
p p 1- , p p (26).
m.i, m.1, i 1 p my, m.1, p
p p p (26),
. p :

(44)

m.pi p mi.
p p (44)
i 1 p.
m1 1, p (39) (40) p pp p p . ,
, p p:
m.p1 = m.1; 1 = p1.

(45)

, p (45)
(44).
(27)(29), (33), (37), (41) (45) :
1 1 m ;
m1 = a1c k .1
y
i

m2 = a1c(k.1m11)1m2my;
m3 = a1c(k.1m11)1m3my;
1 (1 k 1 )m ;
1 = a1c m 1
y
.1
1 (1 k 1 ) 1 m ;
2 = a1c m 1
2
y
.1
1
1 (1 k 1 ) 1 m .
3 = a1c m 1
3
y
.1
1

Pp pp p
p p p
p
34

1 1 ;
km.1 = a1c 11 ; km1 = a1c k .1
1

km2 = a1c(k.1m11)1m2;
km3 = a1c(k.1m11)1m3;
1 (1 k 1 );
k1 = a1c m 1
.1

1 ; = 1 ,
m.1 = m.i m1 m i
1
i 1 i

m1 = m.p1; mi = m.pi;
1 = 1; i = i,

p p :

(46)

1 (1 k 1 ) 1 ;
k2 = a1c m 1
2
.1
1
1 (1 k 1 ) 1 ;
k3 = a1c m 1
3
.1
1

kr1 = 57,307a1c(k.111h1rc1)1;
kr2 = 57,307a1cm2(k.1m112h2rc2)1;
kr3 = 57,307a1cm3(k.1m113h3rc3)1.
p ,
p p. 3, , p
p:
mi = arctgkmi; i = arctgki; ri = arctgkri.

(47)

p p pp p
p p p:
d(m.1)/d(my) = km.1;
d(mi)/d(my) = kmi;
d(i)/d(my) = ki; d(ri)/d(my) = kri.

(48)

p (47), (48) , p p p p , p, p [3] . 1,

p (46), p . 3.
p
Vst = 6 , p, p p 9118, 9345 -4247
p "", p , p pp p ,
, p
, p p. p 3
Vst = 6
,

km.1

0,4760

k2, 103 /

3,7709

km1

0,4568

3,8509

km2

0,3090

6,9324

km3

0,2882

7,5923

102

8,6676

k1,

103

3,9744

k3, 10
kr1, 10
kr2, 10
kr3,

ISSN 0042-4633. . 2010. 6

 p . p p ,
p , p
p p 5 .
, p p
p 9118, 9345 -4247. 9118
9345 p p p pp
Vst = 6 , -4247 pp pp. p p
p
p pp .
p
p ""
pp 5 .
pp p
( ), ( ) ,
(, ) (, , ) p p
. 4.
p p p p "" ,
, p p (. . 4), p.
pp
pp ,
p p
p, p . p
p p
= 7,093 28,47
(. . 2), p -

p Vst = 6 7 .
p p p [3] ,
my p 7,093 28,47 . p p p

13 , p
pp r1, r2 r3 p p p p my = 7,093 28,47 (. . 2). p

p . p p p p
. p p , p
"" p pp. p
( ) p p ,
p p, p
. 4. p p ,
pp p
p p
(. . 4) p , p 7,093
28,47 . p ,
pp
p , p p p p p p
p.
p p Vst = 6 p p . p p p p
p pp .
p ,
p p p p 158 . p
p p p
p p 381 .
p p p
pp 5 .
pp p
, p p , . p . 4. p
p p
p

ISSN 0042-4633. . 2010. 6

35

4

Vst = 6

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

,
50
50
50
50
150
150
150
150
300
300
300
300
450
450
450
450

0
90
180
270
0
0
0
0
0
90
180
270
0
0
0
0

50
50
50
50
150
150
150
150
300
300
300
300
450
450
450
450

0
0
0
0
0
90
180
270
0
0
0
0
0
90
180
270

0
90
180
270
0
90
180
270
0
90
180
270
0
90
180
270

 pp
p, p p. p
[3]
p , p 7,093
28,47 . p , p
p p p p.

p. p ,
p p
p, p p . p .
p p p
p 13 . p p p p p , ,
p. p p
pp. p
p p ,
. p
. 4. p
,
pp p p . p
p p
, p 7,093 28,47 . P p
, pp
p p p p
p p .
p p , p
p [36], p Vst = 6 , p
p. p p p

p, p p p
5 . p p p
pp
7,093 (.
. 2). p p p p p pp .
pp p 36

p p 5 p p p. p p p p p p p
, p
, p 7,093 (. . 2). p p
pp- p
. p p p. p p pp
p pp pp .
p , p
n/60, p
p p , p
pp p
, p p p pp p p
, pp
p p p p p .
p p p
p p . p p
p p, pp p ,
p p p p, pp p
, p
, pp p
p .
p p p p ,
p p
p p p . p
. p. 3,
. 2 ,
pp ri p p
p pp ,
p my, p
p p. Vst = 6
r3,
r1. p p
p 99 (. . 1). p pp pp pp
ISSN 0042-4633. . 2010. 6

. p
p p . p
p p p p
pp- p p
, p p p p p pp. , p p
p p
p p p , p p
p .
p p p p. p
p ,
p p p p p p p
p p p
p. p . () p p p p

p (50) (49) : r = rc + r3.

pp p p , ,
p p. p p
, . .
p . p ,
p p p ,
p p pp p. p p
p p p
p. p p p p. p
.
p p
pp pp
, p p p p
, p

p p
, p , p. , pp pp p p p, p p p p. ,
pp p
p p p (. . 2).
p, p p ,
p p p p p
p
p p p pp
.
p p p ,
p ,
p p pp
p p p p p. pp, p p V-8,
p p p p
p
p , pp . p pp. p
p pp pp. p p, p p p pp, .
Pp p p p
pp- , p pp "p" p p. p
p p p p p pp .
Pp p p p p Vst = 6 7 , p V-8 pp p p.
p
p , p
p p p,
p p .

ISSN 0042-4633. . 2010. 6

37

r = rc + rimax,

(49)

rimax pp p
p i- p. Vst = 6
:
rimax = r3.

(50)