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K25%EF K

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W
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(%)

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K
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Organic Polymer EF

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K
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Polyisocyanates

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Polyesters

Polyurethanes

Polyvinyls

Polysilicones

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Linear Polymers EF

K
K

(High density Polythylene)

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Branched Polymers E
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(Tm)

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K(Low Density Polyethylene)

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Crosslinked PolymersEF

(Degree of KEF

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Comparison between Addition and Condensation Polymerization

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K
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mass

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W J

W J
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2CH3-(CH2)16-COOH + Na2CO3

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- -

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Figure 1: Overall Layout of a Steam Reforming Plant for Ammonia Synthesis

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H2SO4WW

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X = (1 -0.501)*85 = 42.42 mol
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6*85 = 6X + 4Y + 2 Z +4*T = 6*42.42 + 4*40 + 2Z +4*5.2
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(7.8 X)/7.8 = 90% = 0.9 (4)
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L J
Z = 8Y (5)

W

X + Y +Z = 7.8
Y +2Z + T+2W = 38.8
2X + T = 15.6
X = 0.78
Z = 8Y
X = 0.78, Y = 0.78, Z = 6.24, T= 14.04, U = 72.8, W = 5.75
W

50 kg/hEton/dayF
K

- -

W J
[C6H7 O2(OH) 3 ]n + 3n CH3COOCOCH3

[C6H7 O2(CH3COO) 3 ]n + 3n CH3COOH

W J

[C6H7 O2(OH) 3 ]nW J

162 g/molWn = 1

102 gLmolWEF CH3COOCOCH3W J

288 g/molWC6H7 O2(CH3COO) 3W J
60 g/molW CH3COOHW J
W J

W J

E50*288/162)*24/1000 = 2.13 ton/day

3*.13*60/288 ={ ton /dayW J

2.13*102*3/288 = 2.26 ton/day WW

50 Eton/dayF
Wkg/day

W J
[C6H7 O2(OH) 3 ] + 3 HNO3

[C6H7 O2(NO3) 3 ] + 3 H2O

- -

W J

[C6H7 O2(OH) 3 ]nW J

162 g/molWn = 1

63 gL molW J
297 g/molW J
18 g/molW J
W J

W J

E50*297/162)*24/1000 = 2.2 ton/day

3*.2*18/297 = 0.4 ton/dayW J

2.2*63*3/297 = 1.4 ton/day W W

6W

W{
J

K J

K
W

ELFZ

EFLZ
- -

K{

K{{W

{ZE{FLZ

{Z{EF{Z J

{Z{EF{Z J

KEF

- -

{ZLECF

{ZLC{

A J
J

LZ J

W
J

- -

W
WEF
WW

LZEFLEFW

LZ(A W)/W:

LZW/A

LZ

WW1W

FLEFW

LZE

(A W1)/1000/ W1/500 = 1/2

W1/A = 1/2

- -

WW2W

(0.5 W2)/1000/W2/500 = 1/2
W2=0.25 = 25%
ZHW

EF

K{

K{

{EF
K

W
J

- -

W
K

KKOH

19350/56 = 137.86 gW

K{

{EF

E{F

10014.81/31.22 = 47.50

Z{

KENa2CO3F

(Na2CO3 10 H2O)

KK

- -

X HY = 100 - 8 = 92
(1)
(2)
X = 0.15 me
2Y/286 = 2*(0.25 me)/106 (3)
X = 16.76 g
Y = 75.27 g
me = 111.56 g
W =111.56 100 =11.56g
W

KK
K

- -

me - ms = 1000 (1)
0.75 me - = 0.95 ms (2)
me - = 4750 Kg
ms = 3750 kg
3750 P = 400 + 22*3750
P = 28

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J
J

J J

J J J
J

J J J

J J J

J J
J J

J J

8- Industrial Chemistry
J. A Cent, V.N.R Co 7th Ed. 1974
9- Applied Process Design for Chemical and Petrochemical Plants
E. E. Laudwing- Gulf Publishing Co. USA- vol. 1974
10- Industrial Chemistry
E. Raymond-Reigel- Reinold publishing Co.-USA-1970
11-Chemical Process Industries
R M Shreve's- Mc-Graw-Hill, USA 1985

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