(1) NFPA 12: Standard on Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing System (2) Uniform Building By Laws (UBBL) (3) Requirements of Malaysian Fire Services and Rescue Department (4) Requirement of Tenaga Nasional Berhad There are four steps in the System Design Methodology STEP ONE: BUILDING SURVEY For this project, the TNB Substation, MSB and Genset Rooms are attached to each other at the basement level. They are covered with carbon dioxide system, which by far is the most acceptable option for both economical and technical reasons. The type of system used is Total Flooding System where by a fixed supply of CO2 is discharged into an enclosed space via fixed piping and nozzle arrangement. A typical layout of CO2 system and the CO2 quantity calculation is shown in appendix. STEP TWO: QUANTITY CALCULATION & PIPING SIZING Once the spaces that require gas extinguishing system are determined, the quantity of gas (in KG) can be determined through a simple calculation as shown in Appendix III. A good piping design means a "balanced" piping design where by the piping arrangement shall be kept as symmetrical as it can be. STEP THREE: ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENTS Fire curtains (canvas), smoke & heat detectors, alarm bell, flash lights and equipments, and CO2 control panel indicating the status are among those associated equipments in a complete system. Smoke & heat detectors are used as a "double knock" system to detect and actual fire situation and thus send signal to the control panel to activate the system. At the same time, fire curtains are released to cover all openings and alarm bell and flashing lights will go on to give audio and visual signals. STEP FOUR: DRAWING PRODUCTION & PRSENTATION Similar procedures shall be adopted as per section mentioned above for automatic sprinkler system.