Practice Chapter 2

Free response questions

1. Naturally occurring lead exists as four stable isotopes: Pb
204
ith a !ass of 20".#$"
a!u %1.4&0'() Pb
20*
+ 20,.#$4 a!u %2".*0'() Pb
20$
+ 20*.#$,# a!u %22.*0'() and
Pb
20&
+ 20$.#$** %,2."0'(. Calculate the a-erage ato!ic !ass of lead.
2. .n a-erage di!ension for the radius of an ato! is 1.0 / 10
&
c!+ and the a-erage
radius of the nucleus is 1.0 / 10
1"
c!. 0eter!ine the ratio of ato!ic -olu!e to nuclear
-olu!e. .ssu!e that the ato! is spherical %1int: 2 3

"
4
r
"
(.
". 4rite isotopic notation sy!bols for the folloing:
%a( Z 3 2*+ A 3 ,,
%b( Z 3 12+ A 3 2*
%c( Z 3 "+ A 3 *
%d( Z 3 $#+ A 3 1&&
4. 5he !ass of an ato! of argon is *.*" / 10
24
g. 1o !any ato!s are in a 40.06g
sa!ple of argon7
,. 8sing the periodic table+ deter!ine hich of the first 20 ele!ents ha-e isotopes that
you ould expect to ha-e the sa!e nu!ber of protons+ neutrons and electrons.
*. Consider the folloing !odels of the ato!: %a( 0alton+ %b( 5ho!son %c( 9utherford.
1o does the location of the electrons in an ato! -ary7 1o does the location of the
ato!:s positi-e !atter co!pare7
;le!ent <y!bol .to!ic
nu!ber
Nu!ber of
protons
Nu!ber of
neutrons
Nu!ber of
electrons
Platinu! 11$
P
"0
," $4
"* 1&
4, "4
Ca
40
&. For each of the folloing co!pounds+ indicate hat is rong ith the na!e and hy.
=f possible+ fix the na!e.
%a( iron hydroxide
%b( dipotassiu! dichro!iu! heptoxide
%c( sulfur oxide
#. .n unidentified ato! is found to ha-e an ato!ic !ass $.1& ti!es that of the carbon612
isotope.
%a( 4hat is the !ass of the unidentified ato!7
%b( 4hat are the possible identities of this ato!7
%c( 4hy are you unable to positi-ely identify the ele!ent based on the ato!ic !ass and
the periodic table7
%d( =f the ele!ent for!ed a co!pound >2?+ here > is the unidentified ato!+ identify >
by riting the isotopic notation for the ato!.