• To rotate a figure 90⁰

– Clockwise à switch coordinates. (1,2) would become (2,1) then

multiply new second coordinate by -1. EX (3,4) rotated 90⁰ clockwise
would be (4,-3).

– Counter-clockwise à switch coordinates. (1,2) would become (2,1)

then multiply new first coordinate by -1. EX (3,4) rotated 90⁰ counter-
clockwise would be (-4,3).

• To rotate a figure 180⁰

– multiply both coordinates by -1. EX. (2,5) would become (-2,-5)

– EX. (-3,1) would become (3, -1)

– EX. (-4,-7) would become (4,7)

• Reflecting across the x or y axis

– To reflect a figure across the x axis, the x coordinate remains the same
and you take the opposite of the y coordinate. EX. (3,5) would become
(3,-5)

– To reflect a figure across the y axis, the y coordinate remains the same
and you take the opposite of the x coordinate. EX. (2,4) would become
(-2,4)

• To rotate a figure 90⁰

– Clockwise à switch coordinates. (1,2) would become (2,1) then

multiply new second coordinate by -1. EX (3,4) rotated 90⁰ clockwise
would be (4,-3).

– Counter-clockwise à switch coordinates. (1,2) would become (2,1)

then multiply new first coordinate by -1. EX (3,4) rotated 90⁰ counter-
clockwise would be (-4,3).

• To rotate a figure 180⁰

– multiply both coordinates by -1. EX. (2,5) would become (-2,-5)

– EX. (-3,1) would become (3, -1)

– EX. (-4,-7) would become (4,7)

• Reflecting across the x or y axis

– To reflect a figure across the x axis, the x coordinate remains the same
and you take the opposite of the y coordinate. EX. (3,5) would become
(3,-5)

– To reflect a figure across the y axis, the y coordinate remains the same
and you take the opposite of the x coordinate. EX. (2,4) would become
(-2,4)