XY DNG CHIN LC KINH DOANH CHO SN PHM TH THANH TON TI NGN HNG QUN I GIAI ON 2011- 2015
Nhm thc hin: Nhm 3 Lp: Cao hc kinh t Kha 20 m 1
TP. H Ch Minh, thng 01 nm 2011 B GIO DC V O TO TRNG I HC KINH T TP. HCM
TIU LUN MN QUN TR HC
TI:
XY DNG CHIN LC KINH DOANH CHO SN PHM TH THANH TON TI NGN HNG QUN I GIAI ON 2011- 2015
Gio vin hng dn : TS. TRN NG KHOA Nhm thc hin : Nhm 3 Danh sch thnh vin: 1. Lu Anh A 2. Nguyn Vn Dng 3. Nguyn Th Nguyt H 4. Bi Th Kim Hong 5. L Th Thanh Hng 6. ng L Khoa 7. Nguyn c Lai 8. L Uyn Phng 9. Nguyn Phng Tho 10. Trn Th Tuyn
TP. H Ch Minh, thng 01 nm 2011 Trang 1
MC LC Trang MC LC .................................................................................................................. 1 LI M U ............................................................................................................ 2 CHNG 1: C S L LUN. ........................................................................... 4 1.1. Mt s khi nim v chin lc ....................................................................... 4 1.2. Qui trnh xy dng chin lc kinh doanh ....................................................... 4 1.2.1. Xc nh mc tiu chin lc ...................................................................... 5 1.2.2. Phn tch nh gi mi trng bn ngoi ................................................... 5 1.2.3. Phn tch nh gi mi trng bn trong .................................................... 6 1.2.4. Hnh thnh cc phng n chin lc ......................................................... 6 1.2.5. La chn chin lc ph hp ...................................................................... 7 1.3. Vai tr ca chin lc n hot ng kinh doanh ca cng ty ........................ 7 CHNG 2: THC TRNG HOT NG KINH DOANH CA NGN HNG QUN I ............................................................... 9 2.1. Thc trng chung trong hot ng kinh doanh th ca h thng NHTM ti Vit Nam ..................................................................................................................... 9 2.1.1. Lch s hnh thnh v pht trin ca th thanh ton ................................... 9 2.1.2. c im v phn loi th thanh ton ....................................................... 10 2.2. Thc trng hot ng kinh doanh th ca NH Qun i ............................... 14 2.2.1. Gii thiu khi qut v NH Q ................................................................ 14 2.2.2. Khi qut v dch v th ca Ngn hng Qun i ................................... 15 2.2.3. Tnh hnh hot ng kinh doanh th ca NHQ trong nm 2009 - 2010. 18 CHNG 3: XUT CHIN LC HOT NG KINH DOANH TH CA NGN HNG QUN I N NM 2015 ......................................................... 20 3.1. Mc tiu chin lc kinh doanh: .................................................................... 20 3.2. Bng ma trn SWOT phn tch mi trng kinh doanh ca MB .................. 21 3.3. xut chin lc hot ng cho ngn hng Q n nm 2015 .................. 23 3.3.1. u t cng ngh ...................................................................................... 23 3.3.2. a dng ha tnh nng dch v th ............................................................ 24 3.3.3. Pht trin ngun nhn lc .......................................................................... 24 3.3.4. Tng cng hot ng Marketing ngn hng ........................................... 25 Kt lun ..................................................................................................................... 27 TI LIU THAM KHO ........................................................................................ 28 Trang 2
LI M U 1. Tnh cp thit ca ti Ngn hng ra i v pht trin gn lin vi s ra i v pht trin ca nn kinh t hng ho gii quyt nhu cu phn phi vn, nhu cu thanh ton, phc v cho pht trin, m rng sn xut kinh doanh ca cc t chc kinh t, c nhn vi c th kinh doanh trn lnh vc tin t. Trong n lc nhm thu c li nhun, cc ngn hng khng th chi b ri ro, m ch c th tm cch lm cho hot ng ny tr nn an ton v hn ch n mc ti a nhng tn tht c th c bng cch ra cho mnh mt chin lc kinh doanh hiu qu. hi nhp thnh cng v khng b lp v trn sn nh, cc NHTM phi xc nh c chin lc kinh doanh hiu qu nhm nng cao nng lc cnh tranh. Mt trong nhng yu t gip ngn hng tng tnh cnh tranh l tng cng thu ht khch hng bng cch cng c v nng cao hn na cc dch v ca mnh, c bit l hot ng dch v th ATM. y chnh l vn mang tnh cp bch trong h thng ngn hng thng mi ni chung. Nhn thy c c iu nn nhm mnh dn chn phn tch ti Xy dng chin lc kinh doanh cho hot ng kinh doanh th ATM ca ngn hng Qun i. 2. i tng nghin cu Xut pht t s cn thit ca vn cn nghin cu, trn c s yu cu v vi kh nng nghin cu, tiu lun la chn i tng nghin cu chnh l Chin lc kinh doanh th ATM ca ngn hng. 3. Phm vi nghin cu Hot ng ca Ngn hng l rt a dng, trong ti ny nhm xin thu hp phm vi nghin cu ca mnh trong lnh vc th ATM ca ngn hng, c th l hot ng kinh doanh th ATM ca Ngn hng Qun i. 4. Mc tiu nghin cu Da trn nhng bo co ti chnh v cc s liu tng hp ca Ngn hng Qun i tng hp v phn tch a ra nhng nh gi v thc trng hin ti trong hot ng kinh doanh ni chung v hot ng th ni ring, t rt ra nhng nhn nh v Trang 3
nguyn nhn ch quan v khch quan nh hng n qu trnh kinh doanh th v mt s chin lc kin ngh nng cao hiu qu hot ng ca Ngn hng Qun i trn c s cc l lun tng quan v chin lc kinh doanh. 5. Phng php nghin cu Thu thp s liu: Thu thp nhng ngun c lin quan n hot ng kinh doanh gm cc bo co ti chnh, bng tng hp s liu qua cc thi k,ca Ngn hng kt hp vi nhng ti liu, kin thc chuyn mn v hot ng kinh doanh th ATM. Phng php so snh: Xc nh mc bin ng tng i v tuyt i cho nhng ch tiu c lin quan. Phng php m t: Dng bng biu hay th miu t cho nhng ch tiu phn tch. 6. Kt cu tiu lun Vi i tng, mc ch, phm vi nghin cu trn, tiu lun ngoi phn m u, kt lun, c kt cu thnh 3 chng: Chng 1: C s l lun Chng 2: Thc trng hot ng kinh doanh ca NH Qun i Chng 3: Mt s xut cho chin lc hot ng kinh doanh ca NH Q n nm 2015 Trang 4
CHNG 1: C S L LUN 1.1. Mt s khi nim v chin lc nh ngha chin lc Chin lc l phng hng v quy m ca mt t chc trong mt thi gian di. Chin lc s mang li li th cho t chc thng qua vic sp xp ti u cc ngun lc trong mt mi trng cnh tranh nhm p ng nhu cu th trng v k vng ca cc nh gp vn. l s tm kim thn trng mt k hoch hnh ng pht trin v kt hp li th cnh tranh ca t chc. Nhng iu khc bit gia cng ty v i th cnh tranh l c s cho li th ca cng ty. Khng th cng tn ti hai i th cnh tranh nu cch kinh doanh ca h ging ht nhau. Cn phi to ra s khc bit mi c th tn ti. V chin lc cnh tranh lin quan n s khc bit . l vic la chn cn thn mt chui hot ng khc bit to ra mt tp hp gi tr c o. Phn loi chin lc Chin lc kinh doanh - lin quan nhiu hn n vic lm th no mt doanh nghip c th cnh tranh thnh cng trn mt th trng c th. N lin quan n cc quyn nh chin lc v vic la chn sn phm, p ng nhu cu khch hng, ginh li th cnh tranh so vi cc i th, khai thc v to ra c cc c hi mi v.v.. Chin lc tc nghip - lin quan n vic tng b phn trong doanh nghip s c t chc nh th no thc hin c phng hng chin lc cp cng ty v tng b phn trong doanh nghip, tp trung vo cc vn v ngun lc, qu trnh x l v con ngi. 1.2. Qui trnh xy dng chin lc kinh doanh Mi doanh nghip u c nhim v hay s mng nht nh, tt c cc hot ng ca doanh nghip u phi hng n nhim v ca mnh. Chnh v vy, chin lc kinh doanh cng phi bt ngun t nhim v ca doanh nghip, nhim v l c s cho chin lc kinh doanh v mc ch ca chin lc cng l nhm hon thnh nhim v ca doanh nghip. Do , vic u tin ca qu trnh hoch nh chin lc sn xut Trang 5
kinh doanh l phi xc nh c nhim v hay s mng ca doanh nghip l g. Sau khi xc nh c nhim v ca mnh th doanh nghip s xy dng mt chin lc ph hp hon thnh nhim v, s mng ca mnh. Qui trnh xy dng chin lc c thc hin thng qua 5 bc c bn l: xc nh mc tiu, phn tich nh gi mi trng bn ngoi, phn tich nh gi mi trng bn trong, hnh thnh cc phng n chin lc v bc cui cng l la chn chin lc ph hp. 1.2.1. Xc nh mc tiu chin lc Xc nh mc tiu chin lc l giai on u tin v cng l nn tng cho vic xy dng chin lc. Mc tiu t ra nhm to iu kin tin , l hng phn u cho doanh nghip thc hin v t c kt qu theo mong mun. Do chin lc c th v mang tnh thc tin cao th mc tiu t ra phi ph hp thc tin, ph hp vi tng iu kin c th ca doanh nghip. 1.2.2. Phn tch nh gi mi trng bn ngoi Mi trng kinh t: Nhng din bin ca mi trng kinh t v m bao gi cng cha ng nhng c hi v e da khc nhau i vi tng doanh nghip trong cc ngnh khc nhau, c nh hng tim tng n cc chin lc ca doanh nghip. Mi trng chnh tr - lut php: Doanh nghip hot ng kinh doanh v ra cc chin lc hot ng trn c s nhng quy nh ca php lut. Cc xu hng chnh tr, php lut cha ng nhng tn hiu v mm mng cho s thay i ca mi trng, to ra c hi v ri ro cho hot ng ca cng ty. Mi trng vn ha x hi: S thay i ca cc yu t vn ha x hi thng xy ra chm hn so vi cc yu t khc, nhng trn thc t n vn c s bin ng. Khi doanh nghip a ra chin lc hot ng cn c s xem xt nh gi trn c s cc yu t vn ha x hi hin ti v d on c chiu hng thay i thay i ca n n ly nhng c hi v gim thiu nguy c. Mi trng dn s: Nhng thay i trong mi trng dn s s tc ng trc tip n s thay i ca mi trng kinh t v x hi, nh hng n chin lc kinh doanh ca cng ty. Nhng thng tin ca mi trng dn s cung cp nhng d liu Trang 6
quan trng cho vic hoch nh chin lc sn phm, chin lc th trng, phn phi, tip th, qung co, Mi trng t nhin: Cc yu t t nhin nh hng n cuc sng ca con ngi v l yu t u vo cho mt s ngnh kinh doanh, l yu t quan trng hnh thnh li th cnh tranh ca cc sn phm, dch v. Mi trng cng ngh: S bin ng ca mi trng cng ngh - khoa hc k thut cha ng nhng c hi v th thch i vi doanh nghip, t doanh nghip i vo con ng hi nhp v i mi cng ngh vi nhp pht trin ca nn kinh t khoa hc. Mi trng ngnh: Khch hng: y l i tng mc tiu cho mi chin lc kinh doanh ca doanh nghip, l yu t quyt nh u ra ca doanh nghip. Cung ng: nh hng n cc yu t u vo ca doanh nghip, nh hng n cht lng v s lng ca sn phm v dch v. i th cnh tranh: y l yu t e da trc tip n hot ng ca doanh nghip. Chin lc kinh doanh ca doanh nghip khi t ra cn c cn c trn vic phn tch tnh hnh hot ng v chin lc ca cc i th cnh tranh (bao gm cnh tranh trc tip, gin tip, hin hu, tim n,). 1.2.3. Phn tch nh gi mi trng bn trong Bao gm cc yu t v iu kin bn trong ca doanh nghip, nh: nhn lc, kh nng nghin cu v pht trin, kh nng ti chnh, c s vt cht trang thit b, vn ha ca t chc, Doanh nghip mun a ra cc chin lc hot ng cn xem xt cc yu t bn ngoi nh gi cc c hi v e da, song song l cn nhc cc yu t bn trong nhn thc c im mnh v im yu ca mnh, t xc nh nhng phng n c th xy ra v tin hnh la chn phng n chin lc thc hin. 1.2.4. Hnh thnh cc phng n chin lc hnh thnh nn chin lc kinh doanh, doanh nghip phi phn tch k tc ng ca mi trng bn trong v mi trng bn ngoi ca doanh nghip mnh, nhn Trang 7
dng c cc mt mnh, mt yu, cc c hi v nguy c m doanh nghip ang phi i mt, qua gip doanh nghip hnh thnh cc phng n chin lc kinh doanh mt cch c th v hiu qu, ph hp vi iu kin ca doanh nghip mnh, pht huy nhng im mnh v khc phc nhng im yu hnh thnh nn nhng chin lc tt nht. Cc cng c hnh thnh phng n chin lc: Ma trn nh gi cc yu t bn ngoi EFE: cho php nh gi cc tc ng ca mi trng bn ngoi n cng ty. Ma trn nh gi cc yu t bn trong IFE: cho php nh gi cc mt mnh, yu quan trng ca cc b phn chc nng ca cng ty, cch trin khai cng tng t nh ma trn EFE. Ma trn nh gi im mnh, im yu, c hi v nguy c - Ma trn SWOT: M hnh phn tch SWOT l mt cng c rt hu dng cho vic nm bt v ra quyt nh trong mi tnh hung i vi bt c t chc kinh doanh no. Vit tt ca 4 ch Strengths (im mnh), Weaknesses (im yu), Opportunities (c hi) v Threats (nguy c), SWOT cung cp mt cng c phn tch chin lc, r sot v nh gi v tr, nh hng ca mt cng ty hay ca mt n kinh doanh. SWOT ph hp vi lm vic v phn tch theo nhm, c s dng trong vic lp k hoch kinh doanh, xy dng chin lc, nh gi i th cnh tranh, tip th, pht trin sn phm v dch v 1.2.5. La chn chin lc ph hp Doanh nghip sau khi thc hin phn tch mi trng bn trong v mi trng bn ngoi, cc mt mnh, mt yu, c hi v nguy c ca doanh nghip mnh, t lm c s la chn chin lc kinh doanh ph hp vi doanh nghip mnh. Cc chin lc s c sp xp v la chn theo th t u tin t cao, n thp t doanh nghip quyt nh la chn chin lc ph hp, tt nht cho doanh nghip. 1.3. Vai tr ca chin lc n hot ng kinh doanh ca cng ty Cng ty hot ng m khng c chin lc v nh mt ngi i trn ng m khng xc nh mnh i u, v u, c mc cho m ng (th trng v i th) y Trang 8
theo hng no th dch chuyn theo hng . Khi khng c phng hng v mc tiu c th, cng ty s khng tm c cho mnh mt l do v ng lc tn ti v pht trin. Vi vic a mt chin lc kinh doanh, cng ty hoch nh c mt k hoch di hn mang tnh tng th vi nhng chng trnh hnh ng tng qut trin khai mt cch hiu qu cc mc tiu ra m bo s ph hp vi s thay i ca mi trng. i vi hot ng kinh doanh ngn hng, hoch nh c mt chin lc kinh doanh hiu qu s gip xc nh phng hng hot ng v cung cp cho cc nh qun tr ngn hng b khung nhm hng dn t duy v hnh ng ca h trong c di hn v ngn hn. Trn c s to ra nhng cn c vng chc cho vic ra cc chnh sch, cc quyt nh trong kinh doanh. Mt khc, y l c s cho tt c cc thnh vin trong ngn hng hiu c mc ch v nh hng hot ng kinh doanh, tng tnh ch ng v thch nghi. Ni tm li, c hi v ri ro lun i km vi nhau. iu quan trng l cc doanh nghip ni chung v cc ngn hng ni ring c kh nng thch nghi v nm bt kp thi cc c hi, vt qua nhng ri ro, th thch hay khng u ty thuc vo nhng chin lc kinh doanh trong c di hn v ngn hn. Mt chin luc kinh doanh hiu qu l mt chin lc bit to ra s khc bit trong cch thc kinh doanh, kh nng lnh hi v nm bt thi c. l yu t gip cho doanh nghip vt tri hn hn so vi cc i th cnh tranh khc.
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CHNG 2: THC TRNG HOT NG KINH DOANH CA NGN HNG QUN I 2.1. Thc trng chung trong hot ng kinh doanh th ca h thng NHTM ti Vit Nam 2.1.1. Lch s hnh thnh v pht trin ca th thanh ton Nm 1990 Hp ng lm i l chi tr th Visa gia Ngn hng Php BFCE v Ngn hng Ngoi thng VN m u cho s du nhp ca th thanh ton vo Vit Nam. S lin kt ny ch yu l nhm phc v cho lng khc du lch quc t ang n VN ngy cng nhiu. Sau Ngn hng Ngoi thng, Ngn hng Si Gn Thng Tn cng lin kt vi trung tm thanh ton th Visa lm i l thanh ton. C l chnh sch m ca thng thong em li cho VN mt b mt kinh t - x hi nhiu trin vng. Cc d n u t nc ngoi tng t s lng n quy m, cc nh ch ti chnh ln ch n VN v i theo nhng tp on ny l cc dch v song hnh trong th thanh ton l khng th thiu c. Nm 1995 cng vi Ngn hng Ngoi thng TP.HCM, Ngn hng TMCP Chu, Ngn hng lin doanh First Vina Bank v Ngn hng TMCP Eximbank c Thng c Ngn hng Nh nc VN cho php chnh thc gia nhp t chc th quc t Mastercard. Nm 1996 Ngn hng Ngoi thng chnh thc l thnh vin ca t chc Visa International. Tip sau l Ngn hng Chu, Ngn hng Cng thng VN cng ln lt l thnh vin chnh thc ca t chc VisaCard, trong Ngn hng Ngoi thng v Chu thc hin thanh ton trc tip vi t chc ny. Cng trong nm ny Ngn hng Ngoi thng VN (Vietcombank) pht hnh th im th Ngn hng u tin, ng thi Hi cc ngn hng thanh ton th VN cng c thnh lp vi 4 thnh vin sng lp gm Vietcombank, Ngn hng TMCP Chu, Ngn hng TMCP Xut nhp khu (Eximbank) v First VinaBank. Hnh lang php l cho hot ng th lc y ch l quyt nh s 74 do Thng c Ngn hng Nh nc k ban hnh ngy 10/04/1993, quy nh th l tm thi v pht hnh v s dng th thanh ton. Vic ng dng th VN vo thi im cn b gii hn rt nhiu v c s php l, iu Trang 10
kin kinh t h tng k thutTrn c s tha thun ca Ngn hng Nh nc, ngn hng thng mi th im pht hnh th t xy dng quy ch, hp ng pht hnh v s dng th, tc tnh php l ch dng mc iu chnh ni b gia ngn hng pht hnh v ch th. Th trng th nm 2006, 2007 tr nn si ng v VN bc vo sn chi rng l WTO, th trng ti chnh VN cng cnh tranh quyt lit hn khi c thm nhiu Ngn hng nc ngoi u t vo y v dch v th tn dng, th ATM l mt loi v kh c lc Ngn hng thm nhp th trng. Hng lot sn phm th thanh ton ra i, m ra mt cuc so ti pht hnh th gia gia cc ngn hng trong nc. u tin l Ngn hng TMCP K Thng VN Techcombank, ngn hng ny tung ra hng lot th thanh ton, ni tri l th FastAccess. Tip theo , Ngn hng TMCP Si Gn Thng Tn Sacombank kt hp cng t chc Visa ra mt th thanh ton Quc t Sacom Visa Debit. y l phng tin thanh ton nng ng nhm vo gii doanh nhn: ch ti khon c th dng th thanh ton trong v ngoi nc. 2.1.2. c im v phn loi th thanh ton C nhiu cch phn loi th thanh ton: phn loi theo cng ngh sn xut, theo ch th pht hnh, tnh cht thanh ton ca th, theo phm vi lnh th, Phn loi theo cng ngh sn xut: Th khc ch ni, th bng t, th thng minh Th khc ch ni (Embossing Card): Da trn cng ngh khc ch ni, tm th u tin c sn xut theo cng ngh ny. Hin nay, ngi ta khng cn s dng loi th ny na v k thut qu th s d b gi mo Th bng t (Magnetic Stripe): da trn k thut th tn vi hai bng t cha thng tin ng sau mt th. Th ny c s dng ph bin trong 20 nm qua nhng bc l mt s nhc im nh: do thng tin ghi trn th khng t m ha c, th ch mang thng tin c nh, khng gian cha d liu t, khng p dng c k thut m ha, bo mt thng tin Th thng minh (Smart Card): y l th h mi nht ca th thanh ton, th c cu trc hon ton nh mt my vi tnh. Trang 11
Phn loi theo tnh cht thanh ton ca th: Th tn dng, th ghi n, th rt tin mt Th tn dng (Credit Card): l loi th c s dng ph bin nht, theo ch th c php s dng mt hn mc tn dng khng phi tr li mua sm hng ha, dch v ti nhng c s kinh doanh, khch sn, sn baychp nhn loi th ny. Ch th c ng trc mt hn mc tiu dng m khng phi tr tin ngay, ch thanh ton sau mt k hn nht nh. Th ghi n (Debit Card): l loi th c quan h trc tip v gn lin vi ti khon tin gi. Loi th ny khi c s dng mua hng ha hay dch v, gi tr nhng giao dch s c khu tr ngay lp tc vo ti khon ca ch th thng qua nhng thit b in t t ti cc ca hng, khch snTh ghi n cn hay c s dng rt tin mt ti cc my rt tin t ng. C hai loi th ghi n c bn: Th Online: l loi th m gi tr nhng giao dch c khu tr ngay lp tc vo ti khon ca ch th. Th Offline: l loi th m gi tr nhng giao dch c khu tr vo ti khon ca ch th sau vi ngy. Th rt tin mt (Cash Card) L loi th rt tin ti cc my rt tin t ng hoc ngn hng. V vi chc nng ch rt tin, yu cu t ra i vi loi th ny l ch th phi k qu tin gi vo ti khon ngn hng hoc ch th c cp tn dng thu chi mi s dng c. C 2 loi th rt tin mt: Loi 1: Ch rt tin ti nhng my t ng ca Ngn hng pht hnh. Loi 2: c s dng rt tin khng ch Ngn hng pht hnh m cn c s dng rt tin cc Ngn hng cng tham gia t chc thanh ton vi Ngn hng pht hnh th. Phn loi theo phm vi lnh th: Th trong nc, th quc t Th trong nc: l th c gii hn trong phm vi mt quc gia, do vy ng tin giao dch phi l ng bn t ca nc . Trang 12
Th quc t: y l loi th c chp nhn trn ton th gii, s dng cc ngoi t mnh thanh ton. Phn loi theo ch th pht hnh: Th do ngn hng pht hnh, th do t chc phi ngn hng pht hnh Th do Ngn hng pht hnh (Bank Card): l loi th do ngn hng pht hnh gip cho khch hng s dng mt s tin do Ngn hng cp tn dng. Th do t chc phi Ngn hng pht hnh: l loi th du lch, gii tr ca cc tp on kinh doanh ln hoc cc cng ty xng du ln, cc ca hiu lnpht hnh nh Diners Club, Amex Thc trng chung v hot ng kinh doanh th ca h thng Ngn hng Vit Nam Tnh n ngy 31/12/2009 th trng Vit Nam pht hnh c hn 20 triu th, tng 145% so vi cng k nm 2008 l hn 13 triu th. Ngn hng Nng Nghip vn ln ng u vi hn 4,1 triu th chim 20.7% th phn. Tip theo l NHTMCP ng vi 4 triu th, chim 19% th phn. ng th 3 l Ngn hng TMCP Ngoi Thng vi hn 3,8 triu th, chim 19% th phn, Ngn hng TMCP Cng thng ng th 4 vi hn 3 triu th, chim 15,1% th phn, Ngn hng u t v Pht trin ng th 5 vi vi 1,8 triu th, chim 9,1% th phn. T6/2010 c ti 24 triu th vi 48 t chc pht hnh th v hn 190 thng hiu th cng vi gn 11.000 ATM v khong 37.000 thit b chp nhn th POS (l ni thc hin giao dch/giao tc (transaction) mua bn l), mt con s ch tnh n u thng 6.2010. So vi thi im cui nm 2009, s lng th pht hnh tng thm 14,3%, s lng my ATM c lp t thm cng tng ti 22,2%, s lng POS tng 9%. Tng quan nm 2009 Tng s ngn hng tham gia th phn th: 45 Tng s th ghi n ni a: 20,2 triu th Tng s th quc t: 1,42 triu th Tng s ATM: 9.965 my Tng s POS: 36.620 Tng doanh s s dng 328 t ng Trang 13
Tng doanh s tanh ton th quc t n VN: 1,07 t USD Th phn th ghi n ni a 2009 VCB: 18,8% Agribank: 20,3% BIDV:9,4% Viettinbank: 14,9% ng : 19,8% Khc: 16,8% Pht hnh th quc t Tng s ngn hng pht hnh: 17 ngn hng Th tn dng quc t : 14 ngn hng pht hnh vi khong 1,1 triu th VCB: 481.000 th, chim 33,7% th phn ACB: 365.000 th, chim 25,5% th phn Sacombank: 133.000 th, chim 9,3% th phn H thng th ATM 2009 Tng s my 9.965 my tng 2.485 my so vi 2008 Tng s ngn hng c my: 26 ngn hng Ngn hng Nng nghip: 1.702 my, chim 17,8% th phn VCB: 1.483 my, chim 14,88% th phn Viettinbank:1.042 my, chim 10.46% th phn BIDV: 994 my, chim 9,97% th phn H thng POS 2009 Tng s my: 3.620 my, yawng 9.690 my so vi 2008 VCB: 9700 my, chim 26,49% th phn PG Bank: 3.748 my, chim 10,2% th phn Viettinbank: 3.161 my, chim 8,63% th phn Agribank: 2.715 my, chim 7,41% th phn Theo s liu ca Cty CP Chuyn mch Ti chnh Quc gia Vit Nam (Banknetvn), cho n nay, h thng ngn hng VN c 11.000 my ATM, 42.000 Trang 14
im chp nhn th (POS); hn 40 ngn hng pht hnh th, vi trn 27 triu th thanh ton c pht hnh. Ch th c th s dng mng li ATM/POS rng khp ca tt c ngn hng, thay v ch c giao dch ti cc my ATM/POS ca mt s ngn hng no trong ni b h thng ca mnh. Cui thng 5/2010, th trng th thanh ton (th ATM) Vit Nam chnh thc c lin thng ton b khi h thng chuyn mch Ti chnh Quc gia Vit Nam (Banknetvn) v h thng th VNBC chnh thc kt ni. Ba h thng x l giao dch th ln nht l Banknetvn, Smartlink v VNBC c kt ni lin thng, hnh thnh mt mng li thanh ton gm 42 ngn hng thnh vin, hn 8000 my ATM, chim khong 90% s my ATM hin c trn th trng. S lin kt thng sut ny c cc ngn hng k vng s mang li sc bt mi cho dch v th ca ngn hng.
Tuy nhin, a s cc ch th ATM ch dng nhn lng ch khng pht sinh nhiu giao dch trn th. Mt tr ngi khc i vi qu trnh thc y thanh ton khng dng tin mt l s thiu thng nht trong h thng POS ti Vit Nam. Nhiu POS ch c th chp nhn th ca mt vi ngn hng nht nh, gy bt tin cho ngi dng cng nh lng ph trong u t. 2.2. Thc trng hot ng kinh doanh th ca NH Qun i 2.2.1. Gii thiu khi qut v NH Q T ch trng phi xy dng mt nh ch ti chnh pht trin ca cc doanh nghip qun i, tng thnh lp Ngn hng Qun i Military Bank (MB) hnh thnh. Sau 18 thng tch cc chun b ngy 04/11/1994 Ngn hng TMCP Qun i chnh thc i vo hot ng ti tr s s 28 in Bin Ph - H Ni. Ch vi s vn iu l 20 t ng u tin v 25 cn b nhn vin, MB tng bc gy dng nim tin ni khch hng v cng chng. Sau 16 nm hot ng, MB hin l mt trong ba Trang 15
Ngn hng thng mi c phn hng u ti Vit Nam. Tnh n nm 2010, Ngn hng Qun i c mng li gm 139 chi nhnh v Phng Giao dch, trong c 36 chi nhnh Online ca vi s vn iu l ln n 7.300 t ng, li nhun trc thu l 1.670 t, tng ti sn n cui nm 2010 l 96.000 t ng. MB khng dng li quy m ca mt Ngn hng n thun m hng ti mt m hnh tp on ti chnh vi cc cng ty thnh vin trong nhiu lnh vc nh :Chng khon (Cng ty Chng khon Thng Long), qun l qu (Cng ty CP Qun l qu u t MB), qun l ti sn (Cng ty Qun l ti sn Ngn hng Qun i), a c (Cng ty CP a c MB), bo him (Cng ty CP Bo him Qun i). Hin nay, MB c quan h i l vi khong 800 Ngn hng v chi nhnh Ngn hng ti 75 quc gia v vng lnh th, trong MB t quan h vi cc Ngn hng hng u ti cc quc gia v vng lnh th . Nm 2004, MB gii thiu sn phm th thanh ton Active Plus ra th trng , y l sn phm th ghi n u tin trn th trng vi c im ni bt l tt c cc khch hng (trong tui lao ng) s dng th u c bo him an ton c nhn vi mc bo him ln ti 10 triu ng. Nm 2010 chng kin nhiu du n quan trng trong hot ng ca MB. Hon thnh trc thi hn ra cc ch tiu ti chnh c bn, MB c nhiu iu kin tch cc tham gia cng Chnh ph bnh n li sut trn th trng. Ngn hng hon thnh kt ni vi nhng lin minh th ln nht ti Vit Nam (Banknet, VNBC, Smartlink). 2.2.2. Khi qut v dch v th ca Ngn hng Qun i Loi th: L th ghi n ni a, mang thng hiu ACTIVE plus. Th ACTIVE plus c ba hng: Chun (B), Vng (G), c bit (D) Th ghi n ni a: l th cho php ch th thc hin giao dch th trong nc trn c s s tin trong ti khon tin gi ca ch th m ti Ngn hng pht hnh. Th ghi n do MB pht hnh mang thng hiu l Active Plus Hng th quy nh v hn mc rt tin, chuyn khon, chi tiu mi ngy cho ch th. Th Active Plus gm 3 hng th: Silver, Gold, Diamond. Trang 16
Tin ch ca th: C y cc tin ch, tnh nng c bn ca th ghi n ni a. Trn my ATM c dng th rt tin mt v s dng cc dch v khc ti my ATM, thanh ton hng ha, dch v ti n v chp nhn th ca Ngn hng Qun i v cc Ngn hng khc trong lin minh. c tra sot, khiu ni cc vn lin quan n vic s dng th, pht hnh li PIN, th, Thc hin giao dch trong phm vi s tin trong ti khon tin gi thanh ton ca ch th m ti NHQ, trn lnh th Vit Nam nh: Rt tin mt Chuyn khon Kim tra s d ti khon In Sao k ti khon Thanh ton cc ph di ng Viettel qua my ATM Cc dch v khc Thu chi ti khon: Khi s hu th bn c xem xt cp hn mc thu chi theo Quy nh ca MB. Bn s c thu chi ti 5 ln thu nhp hng thng ti a 100 triu ng, vi thi hn thu chi ti a l 12 thng. Trn my POS (Point of Sale): im chp nhn thanh ton Thanh ton hng ha, dch v m khng dng tin mt Nhng im chp nhn thanh ton th: H thng siu th, trung tm mua sm Trang 17
Nh hng, ca hng Khch sn Cc loi hnh khc Hn mc giao dch ca th Active Plus Hn mc Loi th Hng chun B Hng vng G Hng c bit D S tin rt ti a 1 ln 2.000.000 2.000.000 2.000.000 S tin rt ti thiu 1 ln 50.000 50.000 50.000 Hn mc rt tin mt; chuyn khon mt ngy 10.000.000 15.000.000 20.000.000 S giao dch rt tin mt, chuyn khon mt ngy 10 15 20 Hn mc chi tiu mua hng ha, dch v Ton b s d ti khon Ton b s d ti khon Ton b s d ti khon
Biu ph ca th Active Plus Ph pht hnh Ph pht hnh th ( pht hnh th chnh, th ph v cc hng th ) : 50.000 \ th Ph pht hnh li th ( th chnh, th ph, v cc hng th ) : 40.000 \ th Ph cp li PIN : 10.000 \ PIN Ph tra sot ( p dng thu khi ch th khiu i khng ng ) : 20.000 \ giao dch Trang 18
Ph giao dch Cc khon ph Ti ATM ca MB Ti ATM ca Banket v Smartling Ph rt tin mt Cha thu 3000 \ giao dch Ph chuyn khon Cha thu 1.500 \ giao dch Ph truy vn s d 5 giao dch gn nht Cha thu 1.500 \ giao dch Ph in sao k Cha thu 1.500 \ giao dch
im khc bit ca th Thanh ton cc ph di ng tr sau ca Viettel c bo him An ton c nhn 24/24h min ph 01 nm u k t ngy pht hnh th, vi s tin bo him ti a 10 triu ng ti VASS(Cty Bo him Vin ng), bo him cho tai nn bt ng xy ra 24/24h trong khi lm vic, hc tp hoc sinh hot c nhn. Bo him an ton ch p dng i vi ch th trong lao ng. Quyn li bo him c lp v khng nh hng ti cc Hp ng bo him khc m ch th ang tham gia. Trong thi gian ti s kt hp vi Smartlink pht trin cc dch v gia tng nh: thanh ton tin in, nc, cc loi ph bo him, thanh ton v my bay 2.2.3. Tnh hnh hot ng kinh doanh th ca NHQ trong nm 2009 - 2010 Hin ti MB c khong 346 my ATM trn ton quc. Sau khi kt ni thnh cng vi cc lin minh th l Smartlink v VNBC, tng s my ATM c th giao dch cho cc khch hng ca MB ln n 5.839 my trn ton quc. Nm 2010, MB pht hnh thm gn 400 ngn th ATM, nng tng s n nay ln n gn 500 ngn th ATM vi s d hn 1 ngn t ng, s dng mng li hn 300 my ATM. Trong nm 2011, MB ang trin khai a sn phm th Visa vo vn hnh, trin khai cc dch v thanh ton th MASTER, JCB, CONNECT24, AMEX, DINNER. Th trng mc tiu m MB hng ti l: Trang 19
Cc n v, doanh nghip l khch hng c ca NHQ (c trong v ngoi Qun i) Cc n v trc thuc B Quc phng: Tng cc, Binh chng, Qun chng Cc n v mi nh: Bnh vin, trng hc, cc B, Ngnhhng lng ngn sch Cc cng ty, x nghip, Khu cng nghip
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CHNG 3: XUT CHIN LC HOT NG KINH DOANH TH CA NGN HNG QUN I N NM 2015 3.1. Mc tiu chin lc kinh doanh: Vic s dng th ATM ngy cng c nhiu ngi s dng v tnh tin dng, a nng ca n. Li ch i vi ton b nn kinh t - x hi qua vic ngy cng nhiu khch hng s dng th: gim chi ph kim m, vn chuyn, lu gi v qun l tin mt; minh bch ha thu chi ngn sch, ti chnh doanh nghip v quc gia; tng cng kim sot cc lung tin chu chuyn thanh ton qua ngn hng to c s nng cao hiu qu iu hnh chnh sch tin t quc gia cng nh gp phn tng cng trt t an ninh v n nh x hi. Tin ch i vi khch hng s dng th: ch th c th thc hin cc giao dch rt tin, in sao k, xem s d, chuyn khon, thanh ton tin mua hng ha, dch v ti mng li ATM/POS rng khp ca tt c cc ngn hng m khng cn mang theo tin mt, nht l khi i cng tc, du lch, qua to s an ton v thun tin cho ngi s dng th v gim c cc chi ph vn chuyn, bo v tin, m tin v qun l tin mt. ng thi, vic dng th ATM thanh ton cc khon ph dch v hng thng nh: cc s dng in thoi di ng, cc Internet, nhn tin li t cc khon gi tit kim hoc thanh ton cc khon vay. Nh vy, th ATM l mt cng c quan trng Ngn hng thm nhp th trng. Do , MB xut chin lc kinh doanh i vi dch v th ATM nh sau: Thu ht ngy cng nhiu ngi s dng, m rng th phn kinh doanh th ATM. c bit, ch trng n cc khch hng khch hng cao cp. Pht trin cc dch v h tr i km, a dng ha cc dch v th to s thun li cho khch hng s dng th. Thc hin chnh sch khuyn khch khch hng giao dch bng th ca MB. ng dng cc cng ngh tin tin nht tng s tin cy i vi khch hng. Xy dng i ng nhn vin chuyn nghip trong giao dch vi khch hng, khai thc v vn hnh h thng. Trang 21
3.2. Bng ma trn SWOT phn tch mi trng kinh doanh ca MB SWOT C HI (OPPORTUNITIES-O) - O1: Tim nng khch hng s dng th ATM ngy cng tng. - O2: C iu kin thu ht vn, cng ngh v o to i ng cn b -O3: Hp tc quc t gia cc NHTM trong hot ng kinh doanh tin t. - O4: Hc hi nhiu kinh nghim trong hot ng ca cc ngn hng nc ngoi. -O5: Mi trng php l thun li. E DA (THREATENS-T) - T1: H tng cng ngh thng tin, vin thng quc gia cn nhiu bt cp, tnh bo mt thng tin cha cao. - T2: i th cnh tranh t nc ngoi ngy cng tng. - T3: Nn kinh t suy thoi - T4: Nhng thay i trong quy nh ca ngn hng nh nc - T5: Thi quen s dng tin mt ca ngi dn. - T6: Cc c s chp nhn th cn t. - T7: Cc c s kinh doanh mun thu trc tip tin mt IM MNH (STRENGTHS-S) - S1: kt ni vo h thng POS, ATM ti TP.HCM - S2: MB c hp tc vi nhiu ngn hng, tp on, cng ty nh: ngn hng Sacombank, Vietcombank, tng CC CHIN LC S-O - S3+S4+S6+O3+O4: y mnh vic thanh ton cc dch v gia tng bng th. - S1+S2+O5: M rng mng li lin kt vi cc n v.
CC CHIN LC S-T - S1+S2+T1+T2: Tng cng nng lc ti chnh, nng cp h thng cng ngh thng tin. - S4+S5+T5+T6: Tng cng bin php v cc chnh sch marketing s dng th.
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cng ty xy lp Vit Nam, cng ty ti chnh du kh PVFC, tp on in lc Vit Nam EVN, cng ty ti chnh in lc Vit Nam - S3: c u t bi cc c ng c tim lc ti chnh ln nh: Ngn hng TMCP ngoi thng Vit Nam; tng cng ty vin thng qun i; tng cng ty bay dch v Vit Nam - S4: Knh giao dch qua in thoi di ng: dch v lin kt vi Viettel Bankplus -S5: i ng nhn vin tn tu , ham hc hi v c kh nng tip cn nhanh cc kin thc , k thut hin i IM YU (WEAKNESSES-W) - W1: H thng giao CC CHIN LC W-O - W1+W4+O5: M rng h thng mng li ATM trn CC CHIN LC W-T - W1, W2, W3 + T1, T2, T3, T4, T5: Cng c cht lng h Trang 23
dch cn t, nn khng thun tin KH s dng. - W2: Cha u t nhiu vo cng tc marketing SP th. - W3: Cha to c s khc bit r rt v sn phm i vi i th cnh tranh, bao gm: tnh a dng, chc nng th, mc ph - W4: H thng cng ngh thng tin, an ninh cha mnh, cha p ng c lng tin ca KH. - W5: Cha tp trung mt i tng khch hng ring bit. tan quc. - W1+W3+W4+O2+O3: Tng cng nng lc ti chnh, a dng ha tnh nng sn phm th, han thin h thng cng ngh thng tin. - W2 + O2: Tn dng c s h tng ca Vin thng Qun i (Viettel) thc hin chnh sch tip th, qung co - O1 + O2+ W5: Tp trung vo mt vi i tng khch hng, a ra chin lc qung co ph hp. thng my ATM, duy tr mi quan h vi khch hng hin ti. 3.3. xut chin lc hot ng cho ngn hng Q n nm 2015 3.3.1. u t cng ngh Ngn hng cn dnh mt phn ln ngn sch u t pht trin v ci tin h thng cng ngh thng tin phc v cho hot ng thanh ton th, c th cn u t nng cp phn mn corebanking T24, phn mm ng dng ATM/POS, nng cp h thng my ch v h thng d phng data center; tng cng m bo an ninh ti cc my ATM nh h thng bo ng khi c tc ng bn ngoi, h thng camera c ni mng, ng thi m bo h thng an ninh mng kt ni. Trang 24
Pht hnh cc loi th thng minh vi mc bo mt tt hn, d kim sot hn v nhiu tin ch hn cho khch hng. 3.3.2. a dng ha tnh nng dch v th Vi cc chiu khuyn mi pht hnh th cc ngn hng i th, cc ch th rt d ri b s dng th ca ngn hng ny chuyn sang ngn hng khc. V vy iu quan trng l phi thu ht v gi c chn khch hng bng cht lng v s a dng ha ca cc dch v i km nh: Trin khai cng thanh ton cc in thoi di ng, cc internet, thanh ton tin in, mua v my bay bng my ATM hoc bng in thoi di ng. M rng mng li h thng POS (Point of Sale) cho php ch th thanh ton khng dng tin mt ti cc siu th, trung tm in my. Chuyn tin qua in thoi di ng gip cc khch hng c th chuyn hoc nhn cc khon tin gia cc ti khon MB, ti khon ngn hng lin kt bng my ATM hoc bng trn in thoi di ng Ngn hng di ng: y l dch v ngn hng di ng gip cho mt ti khon c th gn kt vi mt ti khon ngn hng MB. Ngi s dng c th chuyn tin t ti khon ngn hng MB vo ti khon ATM v ngc li. Th a nng: Ch th s dng kt hp nh l th nhn vin, th sinh vin, chng minh nhn dn 3.3.3. Pht trin ngun nhn lc Con ngi l ch th ca qu trnh pht trin, ng vai tr quyt nh n s thnh bi trong hot ng kinh doanh ca mt doanh nghip ni chung v ngn hng ni ring. c bit, vi chin lc m rng pht trin mng kinh doanh th ca Ngn hng Qun i trong thi gian ti th yu t ngun nhn lc l ht sc quan trng. lm c iu ny, cn c c ch tuyn dng, phn phi nhn s hp l, c cn b chuyn trch v th cho ton h thng, trnh tnh trng kim nhim nhiu chc nng nh tnh trng hin nay. Cn c k hoch tuyn chn, bi dng mi i ng cn b tr k tha tr trung, nng ng mi p ng yu cu cng vic v vn hnh tt nhng my mc thit b, cng ngh ngy cng hin a nh hin nay. Trang 25
c c s chuyn bin mnh m trong lnh vc th, Ngn hng Qun i cn c s u t k lng hn na v c lng v cht. Cn c nhng kha o to bi bn, chia s kinh nghim, c thi gian thc tp cho i ng chuyn vin quan h khch hng ni chung v chuyn vin th ni ring nng cao kin thc chuyn su v trnh nghip v vng vng trong hot ng kinh doanh th. Ngoi ra, vic t chc cc lp o to, tp hun nghip v hoc c i hc ti cc t chc th quc t b sung, cp nht thng xuyn cng ngh th ca cc nc tin tin trn th gii cng l vic v cng quan trng trong tin trnh hi nhp vi th gii ca nc ta hin nay. 3.3.4. Tng cng hot ng Marketing ngn hng y mnh cng tc qung co trn cc phng tin thng tin i chng nh truyn hnh, truyn thanh, bo, bin qung co, t ri vi ni dung ch yu l cp n nhng li ch ca vic s dng th ca ngn hng qun i c bit l s u i v li sut : Cp tn dng khng tnh li sut nu thanh ton ng hn. Phi hp vi cc cng ty, doanh nghip ln qung co th tn dng cho nhn vin ca h, c bit l cc n v thuc qun l ca nh nc. S dng i cng tc vin l hc sinh, sinh vin nng ng, nhit tnh d dng thm nhp vo cc trng hc v h gia nh gii thiu v cc tin ch ca sn phm th ca nhn hng. Ti tr ph lm th v ph thng nin cho cc khch hang mc tiu trong nm u tin, ch yu l hc sinh, sinh vin, cng nhn vin. Gii thiu mng li c s chp nhn th ca ngn hng qun i mt cch rng ri trn cc phng tin truyn thng cho mi khch hng ang s dng th cung cp thng tin cho khch hng ng thi thu ht cc khch hng tim nng (khch hng ca cc ngn hng cnh tranh, khch hng cha s dng th). Nng cao hnh nh ngn hng, cng c lng tin ca khch hng bng cch tham gia vo cc hot ng mang tnh cng ng t thin nh : ng h ng bo l lt, Doanh nhn ng hnh cng cng ng, in tp c logo ca ngn hng tng tr em ngho Trang 26
Xy dng vn ho ngn hng, to dng mt nt ring vi logo, slogun mi m, ng phc, phong cch phc v chu o. o to mi CBNV u l mt hnh nh p thn thin, lch thip, tn tnh mang n s an tm v hi lng cho khch hng. Trang 27
KT LUN
Trn din n kinh t trong thi k hi nhp, lnh vc ti chnh ngn hng lun t ra nhiu vn gt mc v l huyt mch trong dng chy kinh t ca mt quc gia. Vi nhp pht trin v lun vn ng nh hin nay, nn kinh t th trng lun n cha nhng c hi cng nhng thch thc i hi cc doanh nghip ni chung v cc ngn hng ni ring phi bit cch chn lc nhm nm bt kp thi c hi v vt qua nhng e da bng con ng thc hin chin lc ca mnh. Chin lc chnh l kim ch nam cho mi hot ng ca ngn hng. Mt chin lc hiu qu phi c a ra trn c s thc t tnh hnh hot ng ca ngn hng, vi nhng im mnh cn pht huy v nhng im yu cn khc phc. i vi Ngn hng TMCP Qun i, qua 16 nm hot ng t c rt nhiu thnh tu ng k v ni bt nhng song song vn tn ti nhng mt yu ca mnh. c bit trong mng kinh doanh sn phm th, Ngn hng Qun i cn a ra c cho mnh mt chin lc ph hp nng cp v hon thin dch v trn c s to ra s d bit ha trong tnh nng v cng c thc hin. Vi chin lc pht trin bn vng ra cho giai on 2011 2015, Ngn hng TMCP Qun i ha hn s vn ln nm trong Top nhng ngn hng thng mi hng u trong nc, tng sc cnh tranh vi cc ngn hng thng mi ln trong nc v ngn hng nc ngoi v ang chun b vo th trng Vit Nam.
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TI LIU THAM KHO
[1]. Qun tr hc - Khoa Qun tr kinh doanh, Trng H kinh t TPHCM, NXB Phng ng, TPHCM 2010 [2]. Phan Minh Chu, Xy dng chin lc kinh doanh ca tng i l chuyn pht nhanh FedEx n nm 2015, Lun vn Thc s Kinh t, Trng H kinh t TPHCM, 2009 [3]. Pht trin dch v Ngn hng bn l giai on 2010-2015, Hip hi Ngn hng Vit Nam, URL: http://www.vnba.org.vn/ [4]. Website ngn hng qun i, URL: www.militarybank.com.vn/ (truy cp ngy 1- 1-2011) [5]. Website Hip hi Ngn hng Vit Nam URL: http: www.vnba.org.vn (truy cp ngy 1-1-2011) [6]. S liu ca Cng ty CP Chuyn mch Ti chnh Quc gia Vit Nam (Banknetvn) http://www.banknetvn.com.vn (truy cp ngy 1-1-2011) [7]. Mt s tp ch v brochure ca Ngn hng TMCP Qun i