AC-DC LCD TV Power Architecture

and
LED Backlight
LCD TV Power Architecture and LED Backlight
LCD-TV Market
Power Reduction Trend
Edge LED LCD TV Backlight
26 to 42 H-V LIPS Reference Design
46/47 Power Reference (PSU) for any Backlight solution
Interleaved Frequency Clamp CrMPFC with NCP1631
Quasi Resonance Valley lock out Flyback Converter with NCP1379
ECO Standby SMPS Solution with NCP1053A
46/47 Backlight solution
LIPS Inverter
Edge LED Driver
Conclusion
LCD-TV Shipments by Size
Source: Displaysearch 2Q 09
Power Reduction Trend
Regulatory reduce power
consumption in active and
standby mode
New technologies focused
on improving efficiency
Source: Sharp
Proposed ENERGYSTAR TV regulations
(V4.0) will lower average power targets
Power consumption reduction ~ - 50% over 2 years
Proposed ENERGY STAR rev4.0 Standards
Target Effective Date: May 2010
Very few LCD-TV pass
proposed new standard,
most are Samsung LED
LCD-TV LED Backlighting
LED TVs is forecast to grow to 20-32% (~64 M#) by 2012
Source: DisplaySearch J uly 2009
Comparison of LED LCD TV Backlight Options
Thermal limitations
High system cost due to number
of LEDs and #of Drivers
Picture artifacts
System Noise & EMI
Using lots of external components
(Inductor, capacitor, diode)
Concerns
Boost or Buck plus Multi-channel
linear
High voltage Boost, buck, linear with Vf
adjustment
LED
driver
Direct-type LED BLU Edge-lit LED BLU
Merit
Deep blacks, better contrast
Local dimming
Scanning for higher frame rate
Low power consumption
Complex signal processing
High Power Efficiency
Good system reliability independent
LEDs performance.
Cost down of system
Slim LCD TV
Edge LED > 90% ?
Power Architectures Remain Varied
PFC
CRM
Interleave FCCrM
CCM
70 - 400+ W
Signal Power
Flyback
Resonant HB
30 80 W
Backlight Power
Flyback / Resonant HB
24V / 150V+ for LED
HV-LIPS for CCFL / EEFL
50 300 W
Traditional 24 V Backlight and HV-LIPS approach
Thin TV design impacts solutions choices as well
ECO Standby
< 5 W
32 HV-LIPS Reference Design
For 32 (highest volume size) with possible extension to 26/42
Available since March 2009
For CCFL ( >> 95% of backlight) with possible extension to EEFL
Single PCB with LCD and Inverter Power Supply
Very Cost effective solution
No extra Standby SMPS
Straightforward CrM PFC
Key ON Semiconductor ICs
NCP1607 as CrM PFC controller
NCP1351 or NCP1219 as Flyback with low power standby mode
LX6503 Microsemi Backlight controller
Full Bridge High Voltage Inverter without High Side Driver (discrete circuit)
J in balance solution
32 HV-LIPS LCD TV Block Diagram
HV-LIPS LCD TV Complete Solution
Green Point Reference design documentation:
http://www.ONSemiconductor.com/pub_link/Collateral/TND3
60-D.PDF
12 CCFL
175 mm x 330 mm x 25 mm
All-in-one board with current balancer
46/47 Power Reference (PSU)
Higher power LCD-TVs from 40/42 to 52 /55
Project focusing on power stage only
ECO standby OFF mode
Interleaved frequency clamp CrM PFC
Up to 70 W Flyback
Up to 200 W for backlight
Low profile design
1
st
phase: < 13 mm
2
nd
phase: < 8 mm
46 LCD TV Power Block Diagram
46 LCD TV Power Solution Unit (PSU)
Low Profile design < 13 mm / 17.5 mm total
46 LCD TV PFC Solution
Up to 300 W Interleaved Frequency Clamp CrM
PFC
Better EMI and EMC
Lower I
rms
for output C
Better for SLIM design
Standard parts (= 32 CrM)
New controller NCP1631
Easy SLIM narrow range version
Interleaved FCCrM PFC for > 200 W & SLIM design
PFC Summary
46 LCD TV PFC Schematic
ZCD1_1
ZCD1_10
POWER_BOOST
BO_PFC
R3
0.065 2 W 5%
C13
680n
F1
FUSE 6A-250V
R23 150K
Q5
BC856ALT1
3
1
2
R39 NA
Q6
BC856ALT1
3
1
2
R41
270K
R43
10K
R11 1K
+
C6
68u 450V
*
*
nc
L2
200uH
8 5
2 11
6 7
9
R30
24K
D3
MUR550APF
C5 X2 100nF 275V
C10
NA
R18 150K
L N FG FG FG
CN001
4333-W05ST
Q4
BC808-25LT1
3
1
2
R34
10K
LINE_NEUTRAL
Q3
BC808-25LT1
3
1
2
CN003
4324-07S
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
RV5
TVR10471KSY
R36
10k
R31
20K
R1
1M
1 2
3 4
L4 8.7mH
CFS28
R4
1M
CN401
Gnd_Lug
1
RT1 NTC 2R5
R26
2K2
R10
1M
J106
INSTALL
1 2
R27
47k
D5 MMSD4148
C18
220p
D6 MMSD4148
C11
NA
R17 150K
SW1
RELAY SPST
4
3
12
C21
220n
D11 1N4007
R33
39K
*
*
L3
200uH
4 1
7 6
2 3
9
10
D2 MUR550APF
R28
1M
Backlight
Input
Power and
Signal
R19 150K
+
C25
3.3 uF 400V
R35
0
C2
0.47uF
450V
C3
Y 1nF
90-264_VAC_INPUT
F2 4R7 1W
C4
Y 1nF
+ -
BD1
GBU806
4
2
1
3
C1
0.47uF
450V
C22
NA
Q2 STP9NK50ZFP
3
1
2
C12 X2 1uF 275V
L1 50uH
R6
47
R16 22K
R37
1K
R24
1K5
R8
1M
R21 150K
PC001A
SFH817A
2
1
R7
47
R22 150K
C15
100n
R20
1M
IC1 NCP1631
ZCD2
1
FB
2
Rt
3
OSC
4
Vcontrol
5
Freq-Fall Back
6
BO
7
OVP/UVP
8
CS
9
Latch OFF
10
DRV2
11
Vcc
12
GND
13
DRV1
14
PFC-OK
15
ZCD1
16
R9
1M
R29
120K
R15
1M
D8 MMSD4148
R12 1K
C7
10nF 500V
R2
1M
+
C16
10u 50V
R14 22K
R5
1M
D1 1N5406
1 2
3 4
L5 8.7mH
CFS28
C20
10n
R13
1M
R25
15K
R38
1K
R42
10K
C19
220n
+
C24
3.3 uF 400V
+
C8
68u 450V
C17
1nF
Q1 STP9NK50ZFP
3
1
2
PFC_OUT
VCC4
PFC-OK
Standby_supply
PFC_OUT
FB_PFC
O_UVP
FB_PFC
O_UVP
RELAY2
RELAY1
L3Q2
L2Q1
46 LCD TV QR Flyback Solution
Flyback converter
Up to 70 W max
Up to 3 output with 4 A Max
Quasi Resonance Flyback Converter
Reduced EMI
Best safety behaviors
New NCP1379 controller
Valley-lockout system
Variable frequency mode for ultra low power mode
Over current protection with auto recovery internal
timer
46 LCD TV PWM Fixed F Flyback Solution
PWM Fixed Frequency Flyback converter
50 kHz Fixed frequency
Allow natural CCM
New NCP1252 controller
Adjustable switching frequency with skip mode
Adjustable soft start
Over current protection with internal timer
Alternative solution to previous QR mode
Both designs
on the same PCB
with the same switching frequency
with the same key parts
QR Valley lock-out or PWM Flyback SMPS up to 70 W
46 LCD TV Flyback Schematic
2_5VREF
D207
MBRF20L80CTG
to220
1 2
3
Flyback power to
Signal processing
and Audio board
R228 1K
Backlight
controller
supply to
Backlight
board
D215
MMSD4148
R238
10K
R203 33k
R221
0.47R 2W
CN403
Gnd_Lug
1
+
C206
470u 16V
P
N
D216
MMSD4148
PC101B
SFH817A
4
3
CN202
4324-03S
1
2
3
R212
1K
L201 10uH
1 2
+
C219
470u 16V
P
NR219
2K2
+
C216
10u 50V
+
C209
470u 16V
P
N
L202 10uH
1 2
R209 100
R231 16K2
+
C207
470u 16V
P
N
*
*
*
*
*
T200
750875731
3
7
1
5
6
12
11
8
10
9
R223
1K
R226 1K
C218
100p 1KV
D206
MMSD4148
C212
220p
C215
100n
D203
MMSD4148
NCP1379
IC200
VCC
6
ZCD
1
CT
8
FB
2
DRV
5
GND
4
CS
3
BO
7
R255
10M 2W
R242
2K2
D205
BAV21
C225
Y 1nF
+
C205
470u 16V
P
N
D211
MMSD4148
R220
47k
R214
10k
R205
1K
ZD200
MMSZ15T1
+
C221
470u 16V
P
N
Q201
BC858ALT1
3
1
2
D209
MMSD4148
R218
3K3
Q207
BC858ALT1
3
1
2
+
C224
470u 16V
P
N
Q205
BC858ALT1
3
1
2
PC101A
SFH817A
2
1
CN201
4324-11S
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
ZD201
MMSZ6V8T1
Q202
MJ D200
DPAK
D221
MMSD4148
D210
MBRF20L80CTG
to220
1 2
3
+
C232
470u 16V
P
N
R241
2K2
R208
2K2
R232 6K19
R215
220
+
C217
47u 25V
R237
10K
+
C220
470u 16V
P
N
R207 4R7
R211
1K
D219
MMSD4148
D208
MMSD4148
D217
MMSD4148
C200
10n 500V
C210
68p
R249
8K2
D201
1N4937
do41d
R251
33K 2W
R206
470k
R210
1K
Q203
STP5NK70ZFP
C211
1n
+
C222
470u 16V
P
N
R213
470
R222
1K
C213
330p
Q204
BC808-25LT1
3
1
2
+
C208
470u 16V
P
N
C230
470nF
IC201
TL431BCLPRA
3
2
1
C214
100n
R216
220
R252
33K 2W
R233
2K49
R227
1K
R236
4K7
R217 27
VS2
VS1 CS
CS
PFC_OUT
PFC-OK
VCC4
V1
Regulation
V2
VS2
Regulation
VS2
VS1
VS1
VS1
VS2
V2
Regulation
V1
VS-Stby
VCC3
2_5VREF
46 LCD TV QR Flyback Waveforms
QR mode with valley lock-out
With valley lock-out for low P
With lower frequency by P Max
Top Trace
Vin = 400 Vdc Pout = 34 W
1.75 A at 42.7 kHz
V max = 572 V
Bottom Trace
Vin = 400 Vdc Pout = 70 W
2.62 A at 39 kHz
V max = 618 V
Valley lock-out is a Key improvement of QR mode
ECO Standby SMPS Solution (1)
Dedicated 5W ECO Power Standby SMPS
P
in
< 90 mW for P
out
= 40 mW @ 230 Vac
Integrated High Voltage switcher NCP1053A (400 mA
/ 40 kHz Max)
Hysteretic mode improves
Low frequency mode allows DCM
Limited current reduces possible noise issues
Hysteretic, Low Freq & DCM for ECO Standby SMPS
ECO Standby SMPS Solution (2)
Standby relay
Disconnect all parasitic standby load (~100-150
mW @ 230 Vac)
Directly controlled by TV P
Optional ECO ON / OFF switch
Low cost 2A / 10V non-isolated switch
OFF mode: P
in
< 20 mW by no load @ 230 Vac
ECO switch provides ON/OFF without Mains switch
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0.03 0.04 0.05 0.10 0.25 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 4.00 5.00
Output Power (W)
E
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y

(
%
)
Efficiency / 230V
Efficiency / 120V
ECO Standby SMPS efficiency
OFF mode / no load: P
in
< 20 mW @ 230 Vac (15 @ 120 Vac)
Standby / 40 mW Out: P
in
< 90 mW @ 230 Vac (86 @ 120 Vac)
ECO Standby SMPS Waveforms
Drain Voltage and Current of
NCP1053A Switcher
200 V/div & 200 mA/div
For 5 V & 1 A = 5 W Output
Left: Hysteretic Burst mode
(100 s/div)
Right: Detailed cycle
(4 s/div)
Top Trace: 90 Vac
Middle Trace: 230 Vac
Bottom Trace: 264 Vac
ECO Standby SMPS Schematic
VS-Stby
VCC2
VCC1
PC100A
C107
10nF
SFH817A
2
1
R103 8.2K
R110
1K
R101
1K
Q103
BC848ALT1
CN101
4324-05S
1
2
3
4
5
Q100
BC858ALT1
3
1
2
R120 0
Q101 BC808-25LT1
3
1
2
R104
10K
+
C104
10u 25 V
R119
22K
J100
INSTALL
1
2
D100
MBR360
NCP1053P44G
IC100
VCC
1
GND
8
Control in
2
Power Drain
5
NC
4
GND
3
GND
7
R118
470
IC101
TLV431ASN1
3
2
1
R115 1K
R114
2K2
D104
MMSD4148
1.25VREF
R116 1K
R113 4K7
PC001B
SFH817A
4
3
R100
100K 1/4W
D102
BAV21
ZD101 MMSZ5V1T1
R111
10K
D108 MMSD4148
CN100
4324-02S
1
2
D105
MMSD4148
R109
10K
C100
220p 400V
L100
10uH
1 2
R102
30K
R117
4.7K
R107
4.7K
PC100B
SFH817A
4
3
D110 MMSD4148
ZD102 MMSZ15T1
D106
MMSD4148
R105
10K
T100
750871014
7
8
3
1
4
5 6
9
R106
470
+ C102
470 16V
P
N
R112
1K
R108
4.7K
+ C103
47 25V
P
N
+
C105
47u 25 V
D101 1N4937
D103
MMSD4148
D109 MMSD4148
PC200A
SFH817A
2
1
C106 100 n
PC200B
SFH817A
4
3
D107
MMSD4148
Q102
BC848ALT1
C101
10p 1KV
STANDBY
VS-Stby
POWER_OK
RELAY1
VS-Stby
V1
RELAY2
VCC3 VCC4
Standby_supply
STANDBY
VS1
Regulation
VS-Stby
VS2
ON-OFF Switch
"Optional"
POWER_OK
Standby power and signal
To Signal processing board
HV Barrier
46 Flat TV PSU - Backlight Interface
Interconnection on Power to any Backlight
solutions
400 Vdc / 200 W
PFC OK
5 V and 12 V
Power Good
Separated & Dedicated Backlight solutions
High Voltage LIPS for CCFL / EEFL
High DC Output Voltage HB LLC for LED Driver
Classical 24 Vdc HB LLC
PDP dedicated Power converter
46 LIPS Inverter
Higher power LCD-TVs
With extension to 40/42 or 52 /55 for both CCFL or EEFL
Follow on of 32 LIPS Reference Design
Full Bridge fixed frequency ZVS with possible synchronization
High efficiency, low EMI and sinusoidal lamp current
Dedicated LIPS module
To be interconnected with 46 Power Ref Design Step 1 < 13 mm
Microsemi Backlight controller LX6503
ON Semiconductor ICs
2 High Side Drivers NCP5111
1 single signal driver transformer
Low profile design
< 13 mm on top of PCB
Power (PFC + Flyback + Standby SMPS)
LIPS - High Voltage Back-light Inverter
CrM Interleaved
PFC
NCP1631
400 Vdc
OFF in Stand-by
Full Bridge Inverter
2 x High Side Driver
NCP5111
OFF in Stand-by
QR Flyback
SMPS
NCP1379
OFF in Stand-by
Mains Input
90-264 Vac
12 Vdc
5 Vdc
St-by / ON
Bias
LCD TV
Signal
processing
and
Audio
amplifiers
Back-light
Controller
LX6503
CCFL
Current
sensing
I Lamp regulation
OCP, OVP
PWM 2
PWM 1
13 Vdc Audio
Current
balancing
Board
Stand by SMPS
NCP1053A
5 Vdc-
Stand-by
Open lamps
protection
Relay
Power Good
ON/OFF, Dimming,Synchro
ON/OFF
46 LIPS Inverter Block Diagram
46 LED Backlight Power
Higher power LCD-TVs
With extension to 40/42 or 52 /55
HB LLC dedicated to Backlight power
High DC output voltage to power directly LED drivers
Separate / Dedicated LED Power module
To be connected with 46 Power Ref Design step 2 < 8 mm
ON Semiconductor ICs
New NCP1397
New
New LED driver controller CAT4206
Low profile design
< 8 mm on top of PCB (< 12.5 mm total)
Multiple LED Linear Drivers with CAT4026
Up to 6 channels with linear bipolar transistors Linear:
V
f
monitoring and supply modulation & control
Dedicated SMPS to support output voltage modulation
46 Linear Edge LED Driver TV Block Diagram
Dedicated
SMPS for
Backlight
with
Modulated
output voltage
46 Linear LED Driver Backlight Solution
Ultra SLIM design < 8 mm / 12.5 mm total
Special technologies
PCB size: 250 mm x 165 mm
HB LLC for Ultra Slim SMPS
Limited number of components
Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS)
Zero Current Switching (ZCS)
Higher power density
High efficiency and EMI friendly for low profile SMPS
Resonant Inductance Location?
Benefits:
flexibility
EMI
use resonant coil for OCP
Drawbacks:
cooling
insulation
External resonant coil is better for ultra slim design
External inductance Internal leakage inductance
Benefits:
insulation
cooling
One component
Drawbacks:
flexibility
EMI + stray flux
window utilization
Secondary Rectification
Benefits:
voltage drop
Single diodes
Drawbacks:
secondary winding
matching
window utilization
Higher voltage rectifiers
Bridge rectifier is better for HV output applications
Push-pull configuration Bridge rectifier
Benefits:
one winding
Lower voltage diodes
Matching
Drawbacks:
Higher losses
NCP1397 - LLC Stage Controller
NCP1397 is cost effective and highly safe solution
Features:
- operation from 50 kHz up to 500 kHz
- 600 V driver
- Startup sequence via an externally adjustable soft-
start
- Brown-out protection combined with latch input
- Disable input for ON/OFF control (skip mode)
Benefits for backlight application:
No driver transformer
Simple skip mode
Simple OCP
New OCP Implementation
Res. Coil aux. winding provides accurate and fast OCP
Adjustable delayed fault
Short circuit protection with frequency shift
New Double phase current information from auxiliary
winding of resonance coil
Output Voltage Modulation
CAT4026 sinks
current from FB
divider to increase
output voltage
Linear LED Drivers impact
Dedicated SMPS to support output voltage
modulation
Does not allow to get added auxiliary voltages for
Audio & Signal processing
Single Output Voltage modulated for Linear Driver
HB LLC Schematic for Linear LED Driver
Strong load variation (0 to 100%)
on HB LLC with 100 Hz dimming
Traces:
Top: Output current from 0 to 1
A (0.5 A/div)
Middle: Primary current 2 A/div
Bottom: Output voltage ripple
2 V/div (120 Vdc)
Top picture: 50% dimming
HB LLC works in Burst
Up to 3 V
peak
ripple on V
out
Bottom picture: 5% dimming
HB LLC works in Burst
< 0.5 V
peak
ripple on V
out
HB LLC Waveforms
Edge-LIT LED Backlighting Trends
LED Light bars vary in configuration
Single LED Strings of High Power (~ 200 V+ , 100 mA+)
Multiple LED Strings (up to 4) of Lower Power (~ 100 V+ ,
50 mA+)
LED Driver solutions must handle from 4 to 16 channels
Existing Large Panel Backlight Solution
Advantage: Independent Channel
Efficiency and LED-Fault handling
Loosely regulated input supply
Drawback: Cost and Complexity
Loosely ~100V
For each LED channels!
Existing LED Driver Backlight Solution
Large-size panel power Module used for 6 Channel Edge-LIT LED TV
Each channel has a Dedicated Driver IC + inductive DC/DC boost + switch
6 Ch = 6 x ( DC-DC Boost +
additional switch )
6 Ch = 6 x Driver IC
Multi-channel Linear Edge-Lit Solution
Cost effective solution to address a wide number of channels
VF Monitoring to dynamically adjusts Anode voltage
Efficiency target range >90%, 94% typ. (varies with LED
mismatch)
Thermal dissipation addressed by external Power BJTs
Address various LED string faults
Linear LED Driver : A cost effective solution for multiple channels
Multi-channel Linear Edge-Lit Solution
6 channel configuration shown
Fault diagnostics
External power
devices (low J A)
LED Cathode regulation ~3 V LED-Anode : dynamic adjustment
LED Cathode OVP
Multi-channel Linear Edge Driver Schematic
DPAK or TO220FP Power stage
Current sense
OVP UVP
Connection to the 6 Edge LED segments
Optimized Dynamic LED-Anode Control
TYPICAL EFFICIENCY
80%
85%
90%
95%
100%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
LED STRING MISMATCH [Pk-Pk]
E
F
F
I
C
I
E
N
C
Y
200V
100V
'LINEAR' POWER DISSIPATION
0
5
10
15
20
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
LED STRING MISMATCH [Pk-Pk]
D
I
S
S
P
A
T
I
O
N

[
W
A
T
T
S
]
6ch: 200V, 100mA (120W)
12ch: 100V, 50mA (60W)
V modulation & control to limit overall Power dissipation
Efficiency depends on LED string matching
200V LED strings (with 10% mismatch) delivers ~ 94% efficiency
Thermal power dissipation levels : ~ 5 to 10 watt range
LED Channel Current Matching
VARIATION vs BASE CURRENT
-0.6%
-0.4%
-0.2%
0.0%
0.2%
0.4%
0.6%
0 2 4 6
BJT BASE CURRENT [mA]

V
A
R
I
A
T
I
O
N

%
VARIATION vs LED CATHODE
-0.6%
-0.4%
-0.2%
0.0%
0.2%
0.4%
0.6%
3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
CATHODE VOLTAGE [V]
V
A
R
I
A
T
I
O
N

%


.
CHANNEL MATCHING %
-1.0%
-0.5%
0.0%
0.5%
1.0%
Ch1 Ch2 Ch3 Ch4 Ch5 Ch5
CHANNEL
M
A
T
C
H
I
N
G

%
Initial channel matching tolerance ~ 0.5%
Variation with BJT Base current : < 0.25%
Variation with Cathode to 30V : < 0.15%
Overall Channel matching less than 2%
Very good current matching < +-2%
Optimized Wide PWM Dimming Range
No concept limitation
for very short ON
time
CAT4026 Linear
Driver is optimized
for PWM dimming
Strong power
variation managed
directly by SMPS
BRIGHTNESS vs PWM DUTY
0%
1%
10%
100%
0% 1% 10% 100%
PWM DUTY CYCLE
C
U
R
R
E
N
T

%


[
F
S
B
]
Down < 1% for 400Hz PWM dimming
Edge LED Linear Backlighting Summary
Provides reduced total solution cost
VF monitoring minimizes & optimizes power dissipation
Minimizes EMI
Offers competitive Channel to Channel LED matching
Offers competitive wide range PWM dimming with good linearity
Supports Fault diagnostics against Open-LED and Short-LED
modes
The Linear is a easy to design and cost effective solution
Conclusion
Complete roadmap of LCD TV solutions
32 LIPS
A cost optimized solution for CCFL from 26 up to 42
46 Power
Power for any type of Backlight from 40 up to 55 < 13 or 8
mm
46 LIPS
< 13 mm with separate LIPS
46 Edge LED
SLIM < 8 mm with separate LED Drivers with very efficient
Linear Edge LED driver solution
Approach
Synergy by re-use solutions, speeding up the design process
For More Information
View the extensive portfolio of power management products from ON
Semiconductor at www.onsemi.com
View reference designs, design notes, and other material supporting
the design of highly efficient power supplies at
www.onsemi.com/powersupplies