Prachinamalayalam

zp]cIn my]h
zsI cixV]mikL

E-book Published By
http://hinduebooks.blogspot.com
December 2010

zp]cIn my]h
2
\Th

avt]>ik ......................................................................................... 3
aY]yh 1 - d]nk]>fniESDh ........................................ 15
aY]yh 2 - my]zb]fe>
p>su>]mNek]uvii} ..................................................... 21
aY]yh 3 - p>su>]mN my]BUmiey d]nh
ecy[tii} .......................................................................................39
aY]yh 4 - my]BUmi B]Rvnut} ......................65
aY]yh 5 - n]yM]>ueT ]nm]nd]t]L .......... 79
B]RvEn] zb]fE>] a} ................................................ 79
aY]yh 6 - n]yM]>ueT OolkZYvuh
my]BUmiu av>ueT \Tm]vk]svuh ............ 84
aY]yh 7 - n]yM]e>i c>iztk]il
viEdsIyM]Ru]yiu aBizp]yL .................. 104
aY]yh 8 - sUzdsh ........................................................... 116
aY]yh 9 - c]tuRvRfYh ................................................ 123
aY]yh 10 - c]tuRvRfY]B]xvuh zb]fmtvuh
............................................................................................................ 153
anubh 1................................................................................. 182
anubh 2 ................................................................................ 185
anubh 3 ................................................................................ 189
anubh 4 ............................................................................... 192

zp]cIn my]h
3
avt]>ik

|o my]BUmiyil jMikL aDikvuh my]
zb]f>]kuu. avRu kUTutl kuEzstyuh
muv>ueT Emlgu>u]nvuh \eu p>uh xtic{u
v>uu. |o avk]sL[ aTi]nm]yi avR
pryutu >u xhgtikey]kuu.
1. p>su>]mN xmuzdniS[ k]xnh ek]u my]
BUmiey vIeTuu viEdsuniuh zb]fe> v>ui
avRu atien d]nh ecy[tu ùt[ .
2. j]tiviB]gil O]me ]nvuh aen
Hiumt]nux]>ik]y muv>ueT gu>UpuE>]Hit]n
eyuh avR aRHiuu ùt[.
p<y zpm]fL, p]>>YL, nTpTikL |vyil
niuh xRvxtm]y yuiv]dil niuh Emr
>u xhgtikuh
aTi]nmi}]vy]efuh |o BUmi v]v il
my]in]yM]>ueT vky]efuh, n]yM]R \lkZ
kuj]tM]>uh n]Tuv]<ikum]y zd]viQM]>]efuh,
avR tueT ARvsIvuh DRmtt[p>tyuh
ek]u xVEdsbHiS[ kZtM]>uh p]Smtg]mikuh
Ay O>u kUh A>Yzb]f>ueT vyil akepu
k]]>il kipi>i[ |en akuh
purum]yi t]<[myil k<iuEp]>iky]efuh Af[
|o pukh ]pi]N \dYmiut[.
zp]cIn my]h
4
|tiE[ , O]mt]yi, my]zb]fR ù
pryuvR[ |vieT (B]Rvdh) jM]vk]smie}uh,
>]mt]yi avR[ y]et]>u EmMuh aRHt
yie}uh, mU]mt]yi Emr >uvk avk]suh
n]yM]>il EcRvy]efuh |vieT k]fiuu.
|vyil O]mEtu mu<uvnuh xHY]zdi Kh,
Ek>m]HYh, Ek>E]ikL, Ek>]vk]szkmh
Ì zb]fp>]y zge Azsyic{i>iuti
n]l atie Knh |o zgueT Knh
ek]uh, mu >ieyuh KnL, anuBvL,
yuiv]dL mutyvey ek]uh x]Diuh. my]
zb]fR[ |vieT jM]vk]smie}u x]m]nYm]yuh
viEsSm]yuh Kn>ItY] >u viDil niRfyi]h.
zpkZtxhgtike muNk]fic{ zgil pURv{]p>
vi>um]yuh p>>vi>um]yuh zptip]dic{i>iu tien
eviepTui zpm]fzgueT avisV]xYtey
k]fiu x]m]nYKnh |o avt]>ikyiuh,
avey zpEtYkh zpEtYkh vYvH>ic{ u mu zpm]f
Luh yuiuh nY]yinuh av vip>It]
efu k]fiu viEsSKnh Oumutln]uve>
(\LeT)yu aY]yiuh x]Dic{i>iuu
x]m]nYKnh
pu>]fil \Le xHY]zdiKie
\>]Rh O]h aY]yil t]e< pryuviDh
k]fuu. p>su>]mN 21 vh ztiye> ek]u viDi
Ep]e BUmiey zb]fRu d]nhecy[ tu. an>h
zp]cIn my]h
5
Ever]>u BUmiey xZic{u. |o BUmi eevt>fi
1
ndiu
et[ xuzbfYinu
2
Ti xHY]zdiKie \>]Rh Ar]h aY]y
il p>su>]me BUmi niRm]fieni |en
vT[ xHYpRv{th mutl
kTlve> sURp]k]>h4
Ayi 100 Ey]jn nIil 3 Ey]jn vItiyil
kiTuu. avieT O>u myil p>su>]mN t]mxic{ u.
zs]mU[ , y]gh ìv]yi zb]fe> fic{i[
av>]>uh v>]]y]l Ek]pic{[ zb]fe>UTi
putut]yi \]uv]NaEHh niyic{ u. >]vie
xmuzd]ninu ecE]L cit]]n[ vuni
ci muuve> ku tZp[tn]yi av>ueT cU muric{[
atie kyruek][ pUnUu]i avRiTukyuh
visu>]i avR[ zb]fYh ek]Tuukyuh ecy[tu.
14 Eg]ztvuh kuvuh kic{[ ctu>hgh ` ]n[
ave> p]Rpic{u. avRvic]>iuE]L t]N
ecuek]]emu v]g[d]nh ecy[t[ p>su>]mNEp]yi.
kuErn]L k<iu p>Ii]n]yium]zth avR
aEHien x[m>iukyuh aEHh t]N pri>u
tuEp]ete avieT ec}ukyuh ecy[tu. aE]L
zpEy]jnh kUT]et v>uiyt]efri[ B]RvN
Ek]pic{[ duReevdYM]>uh niYM]>uh kuXitM]>uh
d>izdM]>uh Exv]p>M]>uh AyiE]kE ù ave>
spic{u.

1
|o ndi kihgi]ef[ Epj[ 13-l pryuu[.
2
kR]TkEds[ mhg]pu>uni[ 105 ki. mI. ake xHY]zdiyiu
O>u zg]mh.
zp]cIn my]h
6
pri>iuu. mH]viu (v]mn]vt]>il) bi
Ey]Tu E]kh vIu ">jxV]didmh
3
|zpk]>h xmuzdniS[ k]xnh ecy[ tu]iy BUmi
yil xp[tek]fL aTiyi>uu at]vit[ - (1)
Ek>h (2) tuhgh (3) xo>]zh (4) ek]fh (5)
k>H]Th (6) kRf]Th (7) bRb>h. |o BUmiyueT Aek
viIRfh 100 Ey]jn nIvuh 5 Ey]jn vItiyuh
ninu
Bvie" ù kiukyuh BUmi mu<uvN ksYpn]yi
e]u d]nh ecyuh ecy[tu. ksYpN egoQRuh
zd]viQRuh A>Y]vRiu pitM]Ruh
kRikLuhkUTi atien ek]Tuu. an>h Eztt]
yugil k]RvI>Y]di >]j]M]R BUmiey apH>ic{[
>ic{u. pie ksYp]di zb]f>ueT zp]Rnzpk]>h
viuBgv]N jmdipuztn]yiu E>fukyil avt>i
ukyuh tpuecy[tu siven zpx]diic{[ ev vDic{ [ vxiksYp]di muni
m]R[ BUmiey vIuh d]nh ecy{ukyuh ecy[tu. piIT[
B]RvN xHY]zdiyueT mukilkyri xmuzdh ku
vic]>h tuTi. aE]L n]>dN vu vic]>k]>fh
Ec]dic{ u. BUmi mu<uvN d]nh ecy[tu Ep]ytin]ltni[
|>i]N|Tmie} [ \>h pru. aE]L xmuzd
ien akuv]N n]>dN \pEdsic{u. p>su>]mN \Ten
xHY]zdiEml niuek][ x]ykmyc{u xmuzde nIi
mu]i. A h >]mEzth ù zpxi
m]yiIRu. b]fh vIf diil 'b]fv}i' ` O>u
pufYpu>vuh \]yi.

3
tI]>iy]yi>iuvuh muh n[ku AH]>h
zp]cIn my]h
7
Akuu. Eg]kRfem [ sivN aDivxic{ i
>uu. avieT sivn[ mH]bN ùEpR. avieTniuh
10 Ey]jn vT[ xp[tEk]TIsV>h ` [ >]mN
|>uuek][ n]n]B]gilniuh zb]fe> v>ui
niRBym]yi p]R]N A]pic{u. avR x[m>iuE]L
t]N ecuek]]emu pru >]mNEp]yi. O>il
pUt>]yi gRv{i>]yiIR zb]f>uh (cit[p]vn)
|v>uh OukUTi p>su>]men p>Iic{E]L (muN
prviDh) p>su>]mN avieT ec}ukyuh k]>fmi
}]et x[m>ic{tin]yiu ave> spiukyuh ecy[tu.
s]pv]ukL (muNprv kUT]et) te< pryuviDh
Ayi>uu.
"vidYkil gRv{i>uh p>>h |oRSYyuv>uh,
m>Y]dey hGic{u k]h k<iuv>uh, y]ckNm]>uh,
sUzdE>]Ti>u EmTiuv>uh ztiyRuh muh BZtY
zp]y>uh aM]>uh, nikZm]y pUjk<iuv>uh,
d>izde>il bHupuzt>uh, xe>il x]nHIn>uh,
knY]vih zgHiuv>uh Ake" s]pEm]h t]e<
ryu viDm]yi>uu.
"jnL DRmh evTiu nTut]yi EG]>m]yi
>iu kiyugm]kuE]L s]ph Pi]eEp]ke"
Ti aY]yilp[ p>su>]mNasVEmDh ecyuk
yuh avBYt]n]n>h atilgu>uv]yi>u ksYpn[
x]g>]y]y BUmiey d]nh ecyukyuh ecy[tu. atie
EsSh tViuke}]>uh kUTi >]mEn]T[ aEHin]l
dy]y BUmiyil |>i>uetu pru. atu
zp]cIn my]h
8
xtic{[ nTuEp]vukyuh xHYpRvth k[ atiEMl
kyri v>ufEn]T[ k]>Yh pryukyuh v>ufe aEp
zpk]>h p>su `riu >]jYmu]ukyuh ecy[ tu.
atie atiRi xHYpRv{th tuTi 3 Ey]jn
vItiyil knY]kum]>i mutl 'n]xik]ztYhbkh'
ve>y]kuu. atu nUru Ey]jn nImutuh (muN
prviDh) ~<uB]gE]T[ kUTiytuh Akuu.
zb]f>i}]ti>u A Eds[ p>su>]mN ci
eekvRkM]e>[ av>ueT cUlmuric{u k
EsSh atie c>Tien pUfUu]i k<uiiu
ave> zb]f>]i v]<iukyuh ]mh v>ikyie}u
v>h ek]Tuu vic]>iuE]L v>]em[ pru Ep]vu
kyuh ecy[tu. an>h muNpr viDh te ave>
spic{u. s]piu viEsSv]kYh t]e< pryuu.;
"kuXit]BkM]>uh eecKh (murimu[) \Tuu
v>uh Ayi[ axizp]vnI]nu s}]GY>]yiu
Bvie"
p>su>]mNEp]vukyuh A zb]fR s]ppIQit>]yi
I>ukyuh ecy[tu. kuErn]Lk<i[ myU>vRen
A>Yku>]j]v[A Edsh p>ip]ic{u. sUzdzp]y>]y
t]ie zb]fe> ki[ myU>vRN aHizt
il Ep]yi avieTniuh zb]fe> ek]uvu
avR]yiu 32 zg]m]ic{mc{u zb]fe> Eml
zpk]>h t]mxiic{u. pie myU>vRNkiyueT
Azkmfh k[ mzim]e> >]jYh ~Lic{uhevc{[ k]il
tpinu Ep]yi. >]jkum]>n]y cz]gtnuh mzim]>uh
>[Ep]e>u vic]>ic{u zb]fe>}]>uhkUTi ti>ic{u
zp]cIn my]h
9
Ep]u (aHiztiE[ ). avieTyuvR |o
ecve> kUinTiyi}. |vR zpEtYkh puru
B]g]yi t]mxic{u. ve>n]Lk<i[ cz]gtN
zp]p[tiy]yE]L A zb]fe> aEnVSic{u aHizt
ilec[ ave> piTic{uek]uvu p<y Ep]e 32
zg]mil gZHEBdL ecy[tu pi>ivukL ~ReTui
muNpil kuTumyTy]vuh niyic{u p]Ric{u.
(Ek> mH]Yh, aY]yh 4 - BUEg] pu>]f]Rgth)
|>Upe]u tvf ztiy >]j]M]e> nizgHic{u
p]ps]i[ pviD d]nuh ecy[ tuv]f p>su
>]men BUd]nh ecyuv]N munim]R Ezp>iic{ u. aEHh
>]jYh mu<uvN zb]f>Ru ek]Tuu. an>h
tnii>i]N Ever h aEnVSifemu
av>ueT v]uEk[ viS]dic{u. eek]xu ecu
siven Exviukyuh aEHie A]nux>fh
xuzbmfYnum]yi pure[ knY]kum]>iyil ùkyuh
ecy[tu. avieT xuzbmfYe zpB]vh ek]u]y
vium]yey O>u vRSh p>su>]mN Bjic{u. aE]L
v>ufN zptYm]yi >u Epe>yuh nm>ic{u.
v>ufEn]T[ t]mxi]Nh AvsYeE]LaEHh
"pimxmuzdil p>suvien |Ttu eek ek]eri
]l atu ecu vI<ueTE]h BUmiey p]ic{u
ek]uEk Evu" ù pru. A BUmiu dsEy]jn
viIRfvuh stEy]jn eedRGYvuh \[ .

zp]cIn my]h
10
Ek>E]lpi
duM]>]y ztiy >]j]M]e> nizgHi]N
zsIp>su>]mN avt>ic{[ te kZtYh nirEvi. aE]u
]y "vI>HtY]Ed]Sh Ep]femu kic{ u kRmh
ecy[v]N tvh Eg]kRfh puu BUmiEdviey vic{u
nUruptuk]th BUmiey \]i. my]BUmi[ >
Evfh ù kic{u nUeu |osV> zptiecy[tu.
ìuh BUmi[ |h m]riyi} ù kEsSh
zsIp>su>]mN ni>Upic{u zb]fe> \]i p diil
niuh ek]uvu Ek>il vc{u." avRkurc{u k]h
k<iE]L n]gBItiek][ O]Ti ep]u. pie
n]gM]R te kuEr]h >]jYh B>ic{u. p>su>]mN
O]TiE]yv>ueT EvSvuh Ac]>uh EBdeTui
ave> vIuh Ek>ilp]Ric{u.
muNk]fic{ zpm]fil k]fuviDh my]
zb]f>ueT jM]vk]sh xhbic{[ ni>UpiE
zpD]n xhgtik]vit[;
1.my]BUmi \]nu EHtu
2.my]BUmi \]]nu kZtYh
3.my]BUmiyueT atiRiyuh viIRfvuh
4.my]BUmi d]ninu k]>fh
|o xhgtikeei Emlk]fic{ zgil
zptip]dic{i>iu viv>e aTu]yi t]e<
EcRuu.
zp]cIn my]h
11
1. my]BUmiyu]]nu EHtu: xHY]zdiKh
\>]Rh O]h aY]yil ztiynizgHvuh
BUmid]nvuh k<iu Ever]>u BUmiey xZic{u ùh Ti
6lTi d]ninuEsSh |>i]NBUmiyi}]u n]>dN
prky]uh, Ti ~<il Ti d]ninuEsSh d BUmiyil
|>uukUeTu tViukL prky]l |>i]N |TmEnV
Sic{ u v>ufe v]in]uh. Ek>mH]Yil Eml
prviDh ctizpEy]g]yu]y d]n]l >]jYh
eekviu |>i]N mi}]et eek]xuec[
xTh prkyuh sive A]nux>fh xuzbfY
num]yi knY]kum]>iyilecu xuzbmfYe zpB]v]
u]y vium]yey Exviyuh ecy]uh BUmiyu
]ieyuh k]fuu.
2. my]BUmi \]]nu kZtYh: xHY]zdiKh
\>]Rh Ar]h aY]yil xHY]zdiyil ecu
x]ykmyc{u xmuzde nIieyuh Ti ~<]h aY]y
il p>su `riu >]jYmu]ieyuh Ek>m]HY
il |Ttueek ek][ knY]kum]>iyil vc{u p>su
`riu azpk]>h ecy[tu ùh Ek>E]lpiyil
Eg]kRu kMyii>u[ v>ufen Exvic{u BUmiyu
]ieyuh k]fuu.
3. my]BUmiyueT atiRiyuh viIRvuh: xHY]
zdiKh \>]Rh O]h aY]yil kihgie
eevt>fi ndiu et[ xuzbmfYinu vT[ 100
Ey]jn nIil 3 Ey]jn vItiyil ùh Ti Ar]h
aY]yil 100 Ey]jn nIil 5 Ey]jn vItiyil
ùh. Ek>mH]Yil 100 Ey]jn nIil 10
zp]cIn my]h
12
Ey]jn vItiyil ùh. Ek>E]lpi yil 160 k]th
BUmieyuh k]fuu.
4. my]BUmi d]ninu k]>fh: p>su>]mN
my]BUmiey d]nh ecy[tt]yi[ xHY]zdiKiuh
Ek>m]H]Yiuh k]fui}. Ek>E]lpiyil
vI>HtY]p]ps]i]yiuh Ek>]vk]szkmil vI>
HtY]p]p]vsiie p>iH]>in]yiuh azpk]>h
ecy[tu ù k]fuu.
|niyuh p>su>]mNzb]fe> ek]uv>ik. avR
ti>ic{u ep]yuk vIuh ek]uvu p]Riuk
mut]y k]>YL v]vxhgtike mr]N Evi
yu yil Oien]u vip>Itm]yuh ep]tuEv
visV]xEy]gYm}]etyuh |o zgilk]fuu[ .
|tinu O>u \d]H>fh pry]h: my]cniv]xikuh
>fsU>M]>um]y n]kM]R xmuzdhvy[pil \]y BUmiey
eekvshvc{u >iuE]L muvR atil zpEvsi
]N tuTi. aE]L n]kM]R kyRukyuh viEdsikL
Byeu O]Ti >eTukyuh ecy[tu. piIT[ Azsyic{[
aEpic{E]L aviTvieT p]Ruek]uv]N ave>
n]kM]R anuvdic{ u. |zpk]>h v]vxhgtikL
|>ie xV]Rt>tnimih 'n]kM]R' ` vRn]m
e (zd]viQB]Syiu) xhZtie 'n]gM]R' `
pdm]yiu m]imriyuh xmuzdh nIi \]y Ek>il
xRL aDikh \]yi>utin]l p]R]N p]Ti
}]et vu ùh muh `<uti vukyuh ecy[ti
>iuu.
zp]cIn my]h
13
nTEt] nTuEt] Ay O>u xhgtiyueT k]>fh
ariyutin]yi vic]>f ecy{uE]L atuxhb
m]y x]iem]<iyuh zpm]fvuh pURv{]p>vi>um]yuh
p>>vi>um]yuh k]feTuu ìl Aytu avisV]
xYvuh tY]jYvuh Aefuh OE>zpk]>h yuYnuBv
L[ EcRi>iuu ìl visV]xYvuh xVIk]>Yvuh
Aefuh \t[ xRv{ xtm]fE}]. my]zb]f
>ueT jM]vk]se niRfyiu av>ueT zpm]f
zgil atu xhbm]y viv>L pURv{]p>
vi>um]yuh p>> vi>um]yuh zptip]diei>iu
tin]lav visV]xEy]gYe}uh atin]l avR[
|vieT jM]vk]smie}uh xiiuu.
xhgtikL anuBvil |>iy]lxiem]<iyuh
zpm]fvuh avisV]xY]yi>iutuek][ viy
Ed]Smie}uh zpkZtie p viSyuh zput
zpm]fzgil ~eruer xtiei>iu
tin]uh |o my]ie ~R]Tuh nTuh ~t]vl
p>Yh av[ anux>fm]yie |>iutin]uh
avEyyuh Avk zpm]f x]>Eyuh visVxiE
t]efuh O>u pmu]k]h. |tiNzpk]>h t]e<
ryu xhgtikL ahgIk]>Y]yiI>uu. |o
my]BUmi p>su>]mEztm]kuu. p>su>]mN zb]f
e> v>ui avR]yiu atien d]nh ecy[tu. aen
|vieTe xk avk]suh aDik]>uh
yjm]ntVvuh zb]fRuh d]xYvZi mut]y `}]
~R]Tukuh nTvTikuh my]i n]yM]Ruh
zp]cIn my]h
14
(|T]il tuTi |o zb]f>]l sUzde>u
viieu Ep]>u) xiic{u
|o xhgtike zpEtYkh zpEtYkm]yi ti>ic{u
avyueT ay]RYe evieTuutinu
viEsSKnh aTu aY]yh mutl A>hBiuu.

zp]cIn my]h
15
aY]yh 1 - d]nk]>fniESDh

B]Rvn[ ztiyvDh nimih \]y vI>HtY]
Ed]Sey]f[ my] BUmiyueT k]>fm]yi kic{ i>i
ut[ `]l
"m]tZHE p]pxY ztiy]npYt p>h
k]R vI>Y]Rjunh HtV]
`ks]xny] viEB] p]Yt]h ...."
(Ek m] a 3)
"m]tZHip]pinu ztiyE>yuh k]RvI>Y]R
unEnyuh ek][ ~ks]xnEy]TukUTi >]jY p>i
p]nh ecy{fh" ìen mHRSim]R viDic{Ep]e
aEHh ecy[tu. atuek]uh Aytu sip>ip]n
inu Eviyu dunizgHm]yi pryei>iy]uh
E]k>kM]R DnjnyovngRv{ iM]>]y okik
>ueT Eb]Din]yiu p]ps]ieEp]e pufY
kRL ec ptivutin]uh B]Rvnil
p]pEsmi}. vIuh Oopc]>ikm]yieEp]e,
"ES]Qs]KYh mH]d]nh kRumi]mi BUxu>]
Ekn >UEpf t]nh kiyXhKY] y]viDi
vI>HE p]pxY zbUt xREv{ dViEj]m]"
(Ek m] a 4)
"EH! zb]fEzsM]E>! w]N vI>Hip]pinu
ES]QsmH]d]nh k<i]niiuu. at[ èney}]h
`ztE]h Eviv>uem[ nie}]v>uh Ou prviN
zp]cIn my]h
16
ù aEHh zb]fE>]T[ AvsYeTukyuh av>ueT
viDizpk]>h d]nh ve> Ekmm]yi nTukyuh ecy[tu
A avx>il
"visV]miztu DR]] ekotUHxmnVit
atY]>Ymidh >]jmitYzbvIMuni
(Ek m] a 5)
"DR]]v]y visV]miztmuni xE]SE]TukUTi
EH! >]jN! |tu atY]>Ym]yi>iuu. mti" ù
pru. aEt]TukUTi B]Rvnil p]ph Ouh EsSi]N
|Tyi} . |niyuh d]nh kueT
aEpzpk]>h
xRv]N BUm]nV]pi xRvp]pvimuEy
viEzpEBY]Hh BUmid]nh zpdd]mi munIsV>]"
(Ek m] a 5)
"EH! muni EzsM]E>! xRv{p]pviEm]cnin]yiu
`}] BUmEyuh vizpM]Ru d]nh ecy{uu."
ìen pru B]RvN d]nh ecy[tu. |tinuEsSh
p]pie vEsh EsSi]N |Tyi}. |ztyuh
k<iiuh B]Rvnil ppEsh kiTi>ut]yi Ek>]
vk]szkmil pri>iuu. |tinu y]et]>Ti]n
vumi} . visiSY] aRv]cInm]y B]S]gdYzginu
xhZtmUzgiEn]h zp]m]fYh O>iuh \]k
yi}.
'd]nk>fniESDh' ]piut]yi Emrv
kUT]et B]Rve tpu, Ey]gh jw]nh muty]y
zp]cIn my]h
17
sikL atYh gfnIy]kuu. p]pmvRu
m]ztEm |ovk sikL vRic{ u xmuzdniS[ k]xnh
muty]v i>m]yi x]DYm]vu ùt[ zsuti
x[mZtY]dikilniuh ci zpm]fe t]e<
EcRuu;
"tEp]Bi Ifp]p]n]h"
(AEb]Dh)
aRh: "tpuek][ p]ph nsic{vR[ "
"tpx] kMSh Hi"
(x[mZti)
aRh: "tpuek][ p]pien Hniuu"
"Ey]g]iRHEt izpmEsSh p]pp>h"
(x[mZti)
aRh: "Ey]g]i xk p]pEyuh Evgil
nsiiuu"
|tY]di zpm]f]l tpuek]uh Ey]ghek]uh
p]ph yiuemu v>uu. B]RvN viy tpxViyuh
Ey]giyum]efutuh zpxim]fE}].
"]n]iRvkR]fi Bx[mx]l ku>uEtRun"
(B. gIt)
aRh : "EH! aRjun! ]n]i xRv{kR
Eyuh Bx[mm]iec{y{uu."
zp]cIn my]h
18
xRvh ]np} Evenv zvjinh x>iSYti"
(B. gIt)
aRh: "`}] p]pEyuh ]nh atizkmi
uu."
asVEmDxHzx]fi zbHtY]st]ni c
kuRvpi n ipYEt yEdYktVh zppsYti"
(xUtxhHit)
aRh : "Ayi>h asVEmDvuh nUru zbHtYyuh
ecy[t]uh AeekY]nmueil p]pmu]yi>i
yi}"
yxY n]HhkZEt] B]Ev] bui>xY n ipYEt
HtV]pi x |m]NE]k]N n Hi n nibYEt
(B. gIt)
aRh: "y]et]>u][ aHhk]>vuh mnumi}]
ti>iuuEv] avnu |o E]kh mu<uvNnsic{]uh
bnvuh H]niyuh |} ."
tpx] zb viji]xxV
(zsuti)
aRh: tpuek]u zbe ariv]nii uu.
"n m]tZvEDn pitZvEDn n zBUf HtYy]"
(koSItkYupniS[ )
zp]cIn my]h
19
aRh: "m]tZ vDhek]uh ptZvDhek]uh zBUf
HtYek]uh Oumi}" (vidV]n[ muKB]vh m]rukie} u
EsSh.)
"y] puS[k>p]s AEp] n s}iSY ~vh H vidi
kR n s} iSYEt"
(zsuti)
aRh: t]m>yiyilevh p]tuEp]e vidV]
l kREc{ Rc{ yi} (kRh tukyi} )
"tdDigm \>pURv{]GEy]>Es}Svin]so tdVYup
Eds]l"
(zbxUzth)
aRh: ]nzp]p[tiyil muNpiN p]pueT
>iEyuh pi}]y[myuh n]svuh zkEmf v>uu"
"|t>xY]EpYvmxhEs} S: p]Ettu"
(zbxUzth)
aRh: ]nxiik][ |tuEp]e te
pufYuETyuh pu arutiv>uu."
B]RvN d]Ezty BgvMuKuniuh zb
tEtV]pEdsh Bic{ ]niy]kuu. (ztipu>]>HxYh
]nk]h En]uk) Emlk]fic{ zpm]fL
ek][ tp[, Ey]gh |tukLnimih aEsSp]p
yvuh xk xiikuh xhBviuemuh ]niey
y]et]>u p]ppufYuh tIukyie}uh k]fuu.
zp]cIn my]h
20
B]RvN tpxViyuh Ey]giyuh ]niyum]kuu `t[
mu zpm]fee]uh etiyuu.
|o k]>f]ld]nk]>fmie}uh k]>Yk]>f
xhbyuY] d]nmu]yiie}uh xiic{u.

zp]cIn my]h
21
aY]yh 2 - my]zb]fe>
p>su>]mNek]uvii}

xhzgHh: p>su>]mnu p]pmie}uh atin]l
p]pp>iH]>inyiu my] BUmiey d]nh ecy[ v]N
k]>fmie}uh O]h aY]yilx]Dic{u. |o
aY]yild]nh ek]Tuutin]yi aEHh viEds
uniuh zb]fe> v>uIie}uh etiyiuu.
|tiE]yi ~ReTu zpD]n v]dmuKEyuh
atukueT tIRc{kEyuh v]yn]>ueT exok>Yi
n]yi |vieT k]fiuu.
1. mu j]tikeEp]e my]zb]f>iuh
aEnkh av]>viB]gL |E]L k]fuu[.
|vey viv>iu Ek>m]H]Yh, Ek>]vk]szkmh
mut]y zpm]fi!l d]nxVIk>fvuh mum]f[ |o
viB]gie aTi]nemu k]fuu. avyil
AdYk]>fh d]nxVIk>fm]yi>ifemuh mu k]>f
L k]]>il xhBvic{vy]yi>ifemuh
\tinu xhsymi}. d]nh xVIk>ic{ve> zBM]>]yiuh
xVIk>i]ve> \mM]>]yiuh adY]pi gfic{uEp]>u
u[. |o Ph xhBvYm]Ef] ù p>iEs]Di]h.
2. p>su>]mnilniuh d]nh v]iytuek]u
zb]fR[ ptitVh xhBvikfemil d]nh ecy{u
tinumu[ aEHinu ptitVh \]yi>ui>ifh.
`]l my]BUmi d]ninumuute aEnkh mH]
d]nuh muh nTiyiu divYzsIm]n]y p>su>]m]nu
zp]cIn my]h
22
ptitVh O>iuh \eu v>ut}. |tu muY]y
il x]Diyuh ecy[ti>iuu. Aytin]l zb]f
Ru ptitVh vu ù pryutu s>iy}.
3. s>iy]y kR]nu]nueil d]nh v]u
tuek][ zb]fRu ptitVh v>ikyi}. ptitVh vu
ù pri>iutuek][ A zb]fR[ kR
siyi}]yi>uu ù vic]>iEiyi>iuu. |o
k]>Yil Byu ky{il v]]etyi>u \mM]>uh
ky{il v]i zB>]yiIR muv>uh A>]l O>u
Ep]ete. Aky]l my]il v>utinumu[ |o
zb]fR[ \]yi>ut]yi Ek>m]H]Y]dikil
pri>iu Ey]gYt]hsL |ve> xhbi]
niTyi}.
4. d]nxVIk]>hnimih ptitVh vt[ d]n]RHt
|}]y[m ek]}, p>su>]me zpEtYk viDizpk]>h
Af[ ù pil mu BUmike d]nhecy[ tE]L
~ReTu] ch my]BUmid]nie k]>Yil
m]zth p>su>]mN zsutix[mZtY]dikLuh okikniym
inuh vip>Itm]yi ~ReTu]niTyi}.
5. p>su>]mN d]n]RH>]yvRE d]nh ecy[tiuU
ù zpm]fil k]fuu. d]n]RHM]>ueT fh
d]t]vie p]pe kRsiek][ av>iuh
tiuh p]viDh nsiiut]f[. `]l
my]zb]fRu d]nh v]iytuek][ ptitVh
vt]yi k]futin]l ave> p>su>]mN |tiE]
yiu Ek>il v>uIi}.
zp]cIn my]h
23
zb]f>ueT j]tiviB]gh
"ao Hi vizp] dVo nYUno
dV]deesv]>]ik] (j]tiniRyh)
aRh: zb]fvRil j]ti `[; nYUnj]ti
>[; a>]j]ti pz[.
|o j]tikL `}]h t]e< pryu viB]giuh
avyueT pi>ivukiuh \Lei>iuu.
"xzm]Q]EY] visi x]m]EnY] j]tim]ztk
x]Etik sp[ t p]pItYviED] dVij"
(j]tiniRyh)
aRh: O]mt[ xzm]T[ (tz]L), >]mt[
AYM]R (agZHil), mU]mt[ visizb]fR,
n]]mt[ x]m]nYM]R, aW]mt[ j]tim]ztM]R, Ar]mt[
x]EtikM]R, ~<]mt[ s]pzgM]R, `]mt[ p]pikL.
|v>il O]mt]y tz]L[ Bzd]xnh, x]Rv{
m]nYh, zb]x]zm]jYh, zbvRc{ x[ |en n]u]n
L p>su>]mN Aczt]>h puztpoztp>>y]yi
ek]Tui>iuu. |v>ueT vZi Emlpr]ne
y]viDi anuic{uEp]>iky]kuu.
>]mt[ agZHil AYM]R: ve> y]gh
ecy[t[ EdvzpIti x]dic{iuv>]ky]l Emil
|vR[ y]gh ecy{]ette y]gPE]TukUTi tp[,
EvdEvd]hgueT aR]nh, zpButVh, DRsItVh
|en n]u ]nL p>su>]mN ek]Tui>iuu.
zp]cIn my]h
24
tdnu]nhte |v>ueT vZi. |ve> nU>i]TM]R
ù pryuh.
mU]mt[ visizb]fR. |vR[ aiEH]zth,
BvZi, xY]xh, anYdVijM]e>e][ y]gh
ecy{il |en n]u ]nL ek]Tui>iuu.
tdnu]nh te |v>ueT vZi. AD]nh ` kRh
ecy[t]l |ve> "AHit]i" ae}il "aTti>i" ù
Ex]my]gh ecy[ t]l "Ex]my]ji" ae}il
"Ec]m]ti>i" ùh aicynh ecy[ t]l "aici["
ae}il "aii>i" ùh BvZim]ztmuve>
"Bti>i"m]R ùh pryuu.
n]]mtu x]m]nYzb]fR: |vRu Evd]dikL
aBYxiuk, xY]xh, mzv]dh, Eztil tzh
|en n]u ]nL ek]Tui>iuu.
aW]mtu j]tim]ztM]R: |ve> n]ut>m]yi
pri>iuu. (1) p>su>]mniEy]g]l eevdY s]zh
aBYxic{ u cikiXiuv>]y aeevdYM]R. (2)
p>su>]mEn]Tu zbztm]yi my]e >i]N
AyuDh v]iyvR. (3) d]>izdYh ek]E] mH]E>]gh
ek]E] Evd]Yyne \Epic{[ ~tu zpvZi
ek]eiuh jIven >ic{v>]y zb]fR. (4) >]g
EdVS]dikee][ duM]>]ytunimih Evd]Yyn
e \Epic{ [ ExVy]yi O]E>] EvSe avhbic{[
jIven >ic{ vR. |vR[ \mM]E>]TukUTi O>u kTvil
]nh, phiEB]jnh, >hg]nh, mH]nxh (a>uh
aTuyuh) |en n]u ]nL ek]Tui>iuu.
zp]cIn my]h
25
|v>il muu muu prvR[ zkEmf nYUntyuh
\t]yi viDic{i>iuu. |o kU>il O]mt]yi
prye aeevdYM]R[ cikiX]diyuh, >]mt]
yuvR[ n]u ]nueT anu]nvuh mu
p>iSkL[ xVtyuh vZik]kuu. aeevdY
M]e> x]m]nYm]yi "nU>i" ùh viEsSm]yi "mU["
ùh "ni" ùh mUuh n]uh t>]e> evruh
"nU>im]R" ùh pryuu.
Ar]mt[ x]EtikM]R: |vR my]iu
\pzdvh nimih aviTh \Epic{ uEp]kyuh piIT[ A
h xVRtuYm]yiI>uky]l p>su>]mEn]TEp
ic{[ vIuh vu p]Rukyuh ecy[ tiuv>]f[.
|ve> p>su>]mN "EH! zb]f]" ù viiyuh
atiu pkutiB]gh |v>ueT EpR Ayiu tI>ukyuh
ecy[tu. Ayt[ "eHzb]" `]kuu. atu E]pic{[
`z]N `]yiIRu. |v>il ciR[ mu<uvnuh
my]]c]>vuh ciR[ p>Eds]c>vuh muciR[
|tukL |TkR O>u >Itiyuh Akuu. |ve> Aru
k[m]x]i vYvH>ic{uEp]>uu. (1) ti>uv} ]Edsi (2)
tZUfiurEdsi (3) a>Edsi (4) |>Edsi
(5)kR]Tk>[ (6)tovM]>[ . |til ti>uv}]Edsike
Ek]i>i>]j]vu ek]Uvu Ek]un]il
v]<iyuh tZUfiurEdsike tZUfiur >]j]vu
ek]uv[ avieT v]<iyuh mUuh n]uh t>]e>
kuEsK>mH]>]j]vuek]uvu v]<iyuhecy[tu.
kR]TkM]>uh tovM]>uh A>uh ek]uv>]et
tL te difdiukil gt]gth ecy[tuek]i
zp]cIn my]h
26
>iuv>]kuu. |o Aru k}]xuk]E>yuh p>su>]mN
mui>u zg]mil pu v]<ic{u. |vR[
Evd]Yynh , Eztil s]i, nm]Bfh,
p>ikRh |en n]u ]nL ek]Tui>iuu.
~<]mt[ s]pzgM]R: p>su>]me zptYe
p>Iiy]l aEHin]uh Ac]>YxV]mik]uh
spiev>]kuu |vR. |vE>yuh x]m]nYm]yi
"nU>im]R" ù pryuh. |vR[ aEvdp]vuh,
anm]>Bfvuh, apUjYtVvuh, axHitiyuh
|en n]u ]nuh tXhbm]y vZikuh
viDic{i>iuu.
`]mt[ p]pikL: |ve> aWu k} ]x]i
ri>iuu. (1) p>su>]mEn]T[ d]nh v]ic{v>]y
\o>ie "p>iSmueM]R (2) ep>um]e nizgHi]N
anuv]dh ek]Tu zg]mfikL (3) v>]HmURiey
piyUR zg]m]R (4) sUzdpoE>]HitYh vHic{
|ytM]R (5) zb]f>ueT anuv]dzpk]>h
ep>um]ien nizgHic{ niTikL. |v>il Ou mutl
mUuve> k}]ukiuvR[ p]pt]>tmYh Ep]e
]nm]nt]>tmYvuh n]uh aWuh k}]xuk]R[
j]tiEBdvuh \[. |tukUT]etyuh; ~Ettu kRL
ecy[t]l zBu Bviuemu s]z]l
viDiei>iuuEv] A kRL ecy[tvE>yuh
p]piM]R ù pryuu.
Eml viv>ic{ zb]fe> av>ueT viEsS]u
Ep>ukee]}]et x]m]nYm]yi "nU>im]R" ùh
zp]cIn my]h
27
n]uh aWuh k}]xukil cie> "Ep]im]R" ùh
vYvH>ic{uv>uu. OTuvil viv>ic{v>il ci ]n
m]nmuve> "niTim]R" (p]>il) ùh pryuu.
Ar]h k}]xuk]e> x]m]nYm]yi "`z]N" ùh ci
diukil "Ep]i" ùh ~<]h k}]xiuve> x]m]nY
m]yi "nU>i" ùh `]h k}]xiuv>il mU]mM]e>
"nU>i" ùh simuve> attu pi>ivil
viv>ic{i>iutuEp]eyuh vYvH>ic{uEp]>uu. m]tZ
v<iyvk]sh xVIk>ic{ py{UR zg]m]>]y zb]fe>
"a]mM]R" ù pryuu. Eml]fic{ viB]gil
citil \Le zb]fd]nh v]uk EHtuv]yiuh
muh ciR atil piIT[ xhBvic{ Ever k]>f]uh
zBM]>]yiIRu ù pri>iek][ avRu
tt]y kRsiyi}]yi>uu ùh aen kR
siyi}]v>uh atin]l d]nin[ aRHtyi}]
v>uh Ay zb]fM]e> p>su>]mN d]nin]yi
ek]uvi>iyie}uh vic]>iEtu[.
p>su>]mN ek]uv zb]fR my]il
v>uhmu[ \mM]>]yi>uu ùtinu pryu
zpm]fh:
"kZ]tIE> tu gtV] cc]> BZgunn............"
|tY]di (anubh 1 En]uk).
|tY]dik]y zpm]f]uh d]nh v]uk mut]y
zBuxhgtikil \Leve> O<ic{u EsSmu
my]zb]fR `}]v>uh \mM]>]yie
|>iy]uh B]RvN ek]uvE]L av>il A>uh
zp]cIn my]h
28
te zBM]>]yi>uie}uh |vieT vu Emr
xhgtikil EcR k]>f]l aE]Lmutl[
|zpk]>h ptitVh avRu xhBvic{t]efuh |o
viSyil O>u xm]D]nh prE]h.
Ti zpm]fh |vieT Ey]jiui}
`]l ~t]nuh EpR \LeTukyuh atuek][
zBM]>]yiE]kukyuh ecy[tu ùh muvR
\LeT]et m]riniuktuek][ pUjYM]>]yi
ùh k]fuky]l |o OTuvil prv>uh \L
ei>uu ìl mEve>E]e zBM]>]kum]yi>uu
ùh aen ecy{]tuek]u m]ztm]f[ zBM]>]
k]ti>iut[ ùh tIRc{y]h. |o O>u xhgti
ek]ute |vR `}]v>uh A>]l tuYM]e>uh
timih d]n]RHM]>e}uh zput zpm]fh |ve>
xhbiyie}uh xiiuu.
d]nh v]iynimih zBu Bvi]N |Tyi}
xVIkZuL d]nxVIk]>dV]>] xhgmic{ vI>HtY]
p]pm]f[ |o my]zb]f>il |en zBu>Upm]yi
nininuEp]>uetu k]fuE}]. aeny]efil
|o p]ph nii>u e}]h zBu>Upm]yie
|>ui>i]N |Tyu[. Aytuek][ d]ndV]>] |o
Ed]Sh |v>i]kutinumu[ B]Rvnile niiu
tin]l A k]h mu<uvN aEHinuh |o viD zBu
xhBvic{i>iEt]efuh \meevdikk]>Yil
|ve>E]e aEHh bHiS[kZtn]yi>uiueuh
v>fh. atinu yuiyuh zpm]fvuh vip>Itm]yi
zp]cIn my]h
29
>iuu. A Ed]Sh |v>il vE]Lm]zth zBu>Up
m]yi ìl atiEu k]>fvuh Ever \]yi>ui>i
fh. a}]et d]nh v]iy nimih zBu Bvi]N
|Tk]fui}.
p>su>]me viDi
my]zb]fp>m]yu "s]>x[mZti" ` Gu
DRzpk]sik O]h aY]yh >]h p]dh 9, 10 Es}]k
il |en pri>iuu:
"xVEEzt xhzgHh cEzk viuRRptiRBZgu
Et BRXYEt Etn vizp k]mi sEm]cit
zpsmzptipE>itYucYEt BUzptizgH]l
j[Emti vRvYtY]x]XhbEnx]czB
jEMtY]KY]yEt txY xV]mitVW td]zsyh
(s]>x[muti)
aRh: DRzpti]pkn]y viuvie avt]>
mURiy]y B]RvN te xVm]y my]il
BUmiey d]nh v]ut[ \mme}uevc{[ atien
zb]fDRil cu>ui (kurv]i) kic{i>iuu.
sEm]citnuh, k]miyuh, BUmid]nh v]uvnum]y
zb]fN smsIM]>]l niieTuu. avR
iuu. "j[" D]tuvin[ pZES]d>]ditV]l vR
vYtY]xh vi]kuu "j[mi" (duSic{[ jMi) ù
Ep>u]yt[. tXhbh ek][ BUmi[ j[mh (jMh)
ù vYvH]>mu]yi. |tiek]]f[ d]nxVIk]>h
nimih Ed]Sh xhBvic{ t[ `[ O>u pmu[.
zp]cIn my]h
30
Emlzpk]>h viDi \]yii}
|o my]ilm]zth BUmid]nxVIk>fh Ed]Sk>
emu B]RvN ki]niTyi}. |o B]RvN my]
BUmid]ninu mu[ B]>tKh mu<uvnuh zb]fRu
d]nh ecy[tiu[ . atie viv>h t]e<]fiuu.
"ku]E>f c th HtV] vR]N ztiyvhsj]N
~kvihsti>]vZo xhBv]nKi]N td]
HtV] HtV] kZt]N xRv{ ]N \BEy]Rvhsj]N mud]"
(Ek. m]. a. 3)
"DREf p]yN xRvztiyxY]k zpBu
vI>]N HtV] tu >ee pitZN t]N tRytYEH]
k]RvI>Y]Runh HtV] ~ks]xny] Buvi
>]j]BUl p>su>]m xmx[Et itimE"
(Ek. m]. a. 4)
aRh: |>Upiey]u zp]vsYh >u vhsiuh
\ ztiyM]e> jniuve> jniuve> Oe
p>suek][ ek]uek]e]Tui. k]RvI>Y]Ru
n]di xRv{ztiyM]e>yuh nizgHic{[ ~ks]xnm]yi[
`}] BUmuh DRE]TukUTi B]RvN p>i
p]ic{u. Hnic{ vI>M]>ueT >il pitZtRfh
k<ic{ u.
"aEnY]nYh vIit]REv{ AE]cY munipuhgv]
n]>dh xm]HUy \v]c kusik]j
\p]Eyeenv BUd]nh viEsSPmumh
~vW Eb]DyxV]Rm]g munipuhgv!
zp]cIn my]h
31
~vmuE] mH]>]Ej] n]>dV>ith gt
|hgitE] muniEzsS[E] >]j]nh v]mYmzbvIl"

n]>d "zsUyt]h d]nm]H]Yh.......
tx[m]Vh BUmid]nW tV>ith ku>u B]Rv!
~vmuu >]jRSi zpfmY viny]nVith
BUd]nh zpdd]mYzt kuxueemHiEt]dkh
Hx[Et gZHItV] >]mu...........
ctu]g>mY] c BUmi] dIyEt my]
n]n]Eg]ztdViEjBYu BUmid]nh my] kZth
gZHItV] munyREv{ Et]Sit] munixm]
........... B]Rv td]zbvIl
aHh ki>v]fYzt vvYh munipuhgv]
B]REveefvmu]x[Et xREv{ c zbv]din
ztp]B>] munyt[ k]E kosiEk]zbvIl
xRv{ ]N BUm]N dtV] tVy] ]tuh n skYEt
kuzt]pi g xRv{ yEh pyx]iDo
~vh pu>] kZtyuEg s]pk]>fmzt Et
~vmuu Bgv]N zpti]mkE>]d]
IyVh yUyEmv]x[miN BUmo c Sipuhgv]
aHu c gmiSY]mi Ak]Es v]>iD]vpi
~vEmvW niR]y tl BUmih p]y]mYHh
|tYuV] B]Rv zsIm]N eeD>Yyu p>]Bv]l
eek]xW zpvisY] zpf]mmkE>]ivh."
(Ek. m]. a. 5)
aRh: ve> d]nL k<ic{i>uiuh BUd]nh kUTi
ecy{femu visV]miztmHRSi prtnux>ic{[ n]>dN
zp]cIn my]h
32
p>su>]men viv>imriyic{u. B]RvN pUvuh nI>uh
eekyil `Tu[ n]u xmuzdinku BUmi mu<uvnuh
d]nh ecy[tu. zb]fR xE]SxEmth zpEtYkh
zpEtYkh anuzgHic{ u. an>h B]RvN |ni ù
Evu ù nm]>pURv{h Ec]dic{E]L visV]mizt
en]<ic{[ me}]v>uh n]fic{i>uuEp]yi. BUmi mu<uvnuh
dm]yiE]ytin]l |ni |vieT |>i]N p]Ti}.
Ak]siE] xmuzdiE] ep]y[e]fh ù
visV]miztmHRSi pru. azpk]>h te "niL |o
BUmiyi!l xuKm]yi>iiN" ù pruh Ek][
B]RvN eeD>YxEmth ti>ic{[ zsIeek]xuec[
siven nm>ic{u.
aE]L Bgv]N kic{ [ |en Ec]dic{ u:
">]jYB]>h viH]y c muniBiRv{WitVh Hi"
(Ek. m]. a. 6)
|zpk]>h BUmid]nh t]n]E]ci]et zptizgHItM]
>ueT
4

4
d]nh xVIk>ic{ v>ueT
vWnyil akeu ecy[tuEp]yiut]f[. |o
iti[ B]RvN |o k]fic{ BUmi d]nieny]f[
p]pk>emu ki]N k]>Ymut[ . ìuh |tien
niYemE] j]tinYUnt[ EHtuevE] B]RvN kic{
t]yuh atunimih xVIkZukil AReiuh
xmm]yiE] kUTutl kurv]yiE] nYUnt xhBvic{t]yuh
nivRi]N p]Ti}]viDil A nYUnt |u
ve>uh niniuEp]>ut]yuh zpm]fiuh jn
zsutiyiuh anuBviuh |}.
zp]cIn my]h
33
|o my]BUmiy]ke m]>uETyuh eekvsiuh
anuBviuh |>uiutuh ave> \pzdvic{u piTic{u
pric{iutuh a}.
">]jN tv xH]y]Rh
>]jYh niR]yituh guHh kum]>h EzpSyiSY]mi
B]RvV>ith g xuzbfYxH]yk
knY]kum]>Ih kY]fIh pUjyitV]......
gZHItV] p>suh Hx[ Et v]>iDo EzpSYti zpEB]"
(Ek. m]. a. 6)
|zpk]>h p>su>]mN xuzbfYe xH]yE]Tu
kUTi xVzpy]l \]Iutuh zb]viu
mEHz]di muimuE]Ti Edvkuh xkmHRSim]>uh
aTiTi vu Evu anuzgHuh xH]yuh
ecy[tu xuKEmi vc{iutuh kuEb>e niDikL
\tuh xVRzIkL t]mxiutin]uh muh xVR
tuYvuh Ay m]kuu Ek>h. viEsSic{uh d]t]vuh
xVIkZukuh EvviDh aDik]>ityu zb]f
Ezsnuh zb]fEzsM]>um]yi>uu. |]>f]l
pURv{k]h tuTi |uve> nTiu me}] d]ne
]uh |o d]nm]kuu s>iyuh atYumvum]yiu
et[ A>uh xtiut]f[ . p>su>]mN te
|zpk]>mu \mkZtYe niYemu eti>ic{[
Aytien te Ayil \Lei>iu xVj]ti
jninu Ed]Sh xhBvium]r[ zpkTiiuvn]y O>u
\Mn}. atin]l d]nxVIk]>h nimim]f[ ptitV
mu]yetu pryut[ O>iuh s>iy}.
zp]cIn my]h
34
kR]nu]nh d]nh nimimu p]pe p>iH>iuh
|ni my]ien BUmid]nxVIk]>e muNpil
prtuEp]e p]pk>m]yiute xtic{uEn]]h.
`]uh xVIkZuL[ ptitVh vukUT] ù
k]fi]h.
"aiguRv{tiiEzpBiusiEn BUxu>]
jIvitV]jMEB]Egn n xIEdyu kVcizUvh"
(s]>x[mZti a. 1, p]. 2, Es}]. 11)
aRh: `]l nY]ym]yi kiu jMEB]g
ilni[ ai, gu>u, atii, |M]R (buL),
BiuL |vRu Evutien ek]Tu[ b]iek][
\pjIvnh k<iu zb]fn[ Ed]Sh xhBviut}."
a}]Etyuh.
"xREv{S]mpi Edy]n]h zptizg]HI dViEj]m
zbf] kit pURv{h n]nYzt]Dik]>v]N
EkS]Wi niSi viEsSeek zptizgH
AtYikp>EtVn tiESDxY j]yEt
t]nkE]ii>R]B]v DRt
t]nviED>nY]zpm]fW tMuni
B]REv] Bgv]nVIY duS[zptizgHeejnx]h
zp]H d]n]ni s]YRh vYEYt]nYnuzkm]l
xVDREn xREv{S]h gZHEn zptizgH
k]E>Y] n]EnYn Ekn]pi teexYtdGmRSfh"
(s]>x[mZti a. 5, p]dh 4, Es}]. 15)
zp]cIn my]h
35
aRh: ~tu d]nvuh v]uv]N eedvh zb]fen
y]f[ aDik]>eTuiyi>iut[. m]Ruh aDik]>
mi}. arivuvR ciRu d]nh v]utinu viE>]D
mie}u pryuu. A>uh d]nh v]iyie}u v]l
E]kil d]nk te |} ]t]yiI>uh. `]l
duS[zptizgHh
5
zBinu k]>fh d]nxVIk]>m}; Aefu v]diu
pil xVIkZukLu kRsiyi}; d]nin[
Ed]Sm]kuu. avieT mHRSiy]l
viDie s]iey t]e< viv>iuu:
xVDRe EvEp]e anuiu gZHnu
m]ztEm d]nh v]uv]N aDik]>muU. ave xVDR]
c>fh d]nh nimimu p]pe nsiiuh."
|tie EsSh zput zpm]fil A xVDRe
viv>ic{u pryukyuh atien zkmzpk]>h Ac>ic{]l
duS[zptizgHEd]Sh tIR[ aieyE]e Es]Biuh
ù kiukyuh ecy[ti>iuu. |o k]>f]l
d]nxVIk]>hek][ Ed]Smueiuh atien aE]L
te nivRic{uek]]emutin]l Aytu kurc{i
inu k]>fm]yi[ ci>k]em} ak]hEp]uh ni
ni[]niTyi} . |niyuh zb]f>uh av>il t]f
j]ti]>uh p vky]yi[ `ztEy] d]nL k<iyuh
zb]f>ute xVIk>iyuh ecy{uk pupE
ptivuh nTuh Ayiut]kuu. |viTu zb]fR
}]et |o putum me]>uRuh \t]Ey] \]yi
>ut]Ey] EkuEkLviEp]umi}[.

5
p]ph pu> d]nh xVIk>il
zp]cIn my]h
36
aRHtyi}]ve> p>su>]mN ek]uv>ikyi}.
ek]uviumi}.
|o my]BUmid]nvuh xVIk>fvuh niYm]yiu
etu v>upvuh xVIkZukL | | zpk]>h
xd[vZiyii>u]l av>ueT d]nxVIk]>Ed]S
e}]h nisic{[ avR ysxVik]yi>iuh ù pri
>iutin]l |o my]zb]fR azpk]>mu
xlkZtYil aDik]>vuh anu]nvuh |}]
aDmM]>]kuu `[ xVyh xtic{uek]]}]et
d]nxVIk]>Ed]Sm]f[ av>ueT kurc{iinu k]>femu
tu Ec>ukyi}. zBinu k]>fh d]nme}u xti
uph my]BUmiyueT avk]sh \TN zb]fe>
vie]<iEyiv>uh. |o v]dh avx]niukyuh ecy{uh.
at}] tL kR]nu]nmi}] aDmM]R te
ey[ avR xtic{ukyu ph avR d]nin[
aRHM]>e}uh vuEp]kuh.
"xVDREn xREv{S]h gZHEn zptizgH
k]E>Y] n]EnYn....."
(s]>x[mZti a. 5, p]. 4, Es}]. 5)
aRh: xVDRe Evuhvh anuiu
gZHnu m]ztEm d]nh v]]N aDik]>muU.
a}]vnDik]>mi}." (|o viSyh mnux[mZti n]]h
aY]yil viv>ic{upriu[).
B]Rvn[ |o viSyeiyu aBizp]yh Eml
zpk]>m]kuu. |o aBizp]yil B]Rvx[mZtiyuh
s]>x[mZtiyuh Ey]jiukyuh ecy{uu. B]RvN muu
zp]cIn my]h
37
d]nh ecy[v]N |ic{ [ zb]fe> v>u]N dUten
ayc{E]L avEn]Tu zpEtYkh |en kic{ u:
"dViEj]m]n]nyxV jv]l gtV]... d]n]RH]N....."
(Ek. m]. a. 4)
an>h d]nh ek]Tuyvx>il |en
pru: "dd]mi dsd]n]ni d]n]RH] ki BUxu>]"
(Ek. m]. a. 4)
|en zpEtYk k>utlk]fic{iu mtim]nuh
d]nP]nuEB]]vum]y B]RvN |o my]BUmiey
d]nh ecy{utinu t]Nte Auke aEnVSic{u
piTiuE]L |o viSyh ahEp]uh vix[m>ic{u
Ep]kyi}. atin]l Ac]>HInM]R aEH]l
ek]uv>eTukyi}. |ni my]BUmi d]nh
v]utiEum]zth ènyuv>]y]uh mti ù
k>utiyt]yiu pryuu ìl, muNviv>ic{ Ek>
m]H]Yh ptien]]h aY]yh muh En]uk
(anubh 1). avieT B]RvN |E]u ek]uvt[
atYumM]e>y]ef[ m]yi viv>ic{iu[.
|o nY]yee][ En]uE]L d]nh eekyil
v]iyi>uu ì!l Ed]Sh xhBvium]yi>uu
ùET[ xiiu d]n]RHtey anuvdiu
t]y vYvD]njnYp]p]B]vh aR]lxiinY]y
zpk]>h xzm]u mutl p]pi ve> `}]v>iuh Apti
uu. aE]L "au ek]]tv>i} ku>uil"
Èp]e AyiI>uu. |o k]>f]l |o
zp]cIn my]h
38
my]zb]fR B]Rvn]l v>uev>} ù
etiyuu.

zp]cIn my]h
39
aY]yh 3 - p>su>]mN my]BUmiey
d]nh ecy[tii}

xhzgHh: Ek>m]H]Yh, Ek>vk]szkmh, j]ti
niRyh mut]yvyil my]zb]f>]y xk>uh
arupin]u zg]m>il \Lev>]efuh |o
arupin]u zg]m]RuhkUTiy]f[ p>su>]mN
my]BUmiey d]nh ecy[tiuetuh pri>iuu.
`}]Ruh ek]Tuu ù prtu s>iy]efil
d]nxVIk]>hek][ ciRum]zth ptitVh veten
ù En]uE]L eekyil v]iyvR (pUvuh nI>uh
xHith) p]pikL, eekyil v]iyvR tLu
Eviyuh muvRuEviyuhkUTi (kurtIR[
ae}il zptiniDi]nh vHic{[) v]i ùh
aen v]iyvR[ BUmiyuh p]pvuh xiiyuh
muvR[ p]ph kUT]et BUmim]zth xiiyuhecy[tu
ùh mrupTi kiuu. `]l |o arupin]u
zg]m]>ile pRuh jMitVmi}]et |>iuE}].
kurtIRu v]iytil |ve> \LeTu]et[
ù Ec]dYinu xm]D]nEm k]fui}. muie
Ec]dYLu xm]D]nL xVIk]>Y}]y]uh
OTuvie Ec]dYinu xm]D]nmi}]y]uh
arupin]u zg]m]>il `}]vRuhkUTi p>su>]mN
my]BUmiey d]nhecy[tu ù pri>iutu
x]Duv} . aen O]E>] k]>f]l |o
zb]f>il \mM]>]y agZHil AYM]Ruh
atuEp]e eekyil v]iyve>u pryu
zp]cIn my]h
40
zBM]Ruh, |o mUu xhgtikEyuh Ever ci
k]>fEyuh aTi]neTui |o zb]f>i!l
y]et]>uRuh p>su>]mN my]BUmiey d]nh
ecy[tii}.
"aKi]h Ek>Ih BUmIh zb]EfEBY] ddo zpBu
ctuSitEmBYu" (Ek. m].)
aRh: B]RvN arupin]u zg]m]Rum]yiu
Ek>BUmi mu<uvnuh d]nh ecy[tu." `[ aTi
ri>iek][ |vieTyu `}] my]zb]f
Ruh (|o arupin]il \LeT]et |vieTyi}) jM
BUmiyuh jMitVvuh \]yi>iEt]f[ . azpk]>m}]et
`ztEy] my]zb]fkuTuhbL p]>>Ym]yiE
|o my]BUmiyil \[. atin]l `} ]EpRuh
ek]Tuu ù zpm]fvuh jnzsutiyuh D]>fyuh
s>iy]yiut}. `]l aEnkhEpRu ek]Tuii}
te `]efil B]RvN anY]y]>n]efu
vuEp]kuh.
èney]l, p>Edsil ec[ \m
zb]fe> xtYhecy[tu fic{uek]uv[ |vieT
xuKm]yi p]Ric{tieEsSh av>il ~t]nuh EpR
xVEdsEu ep]tin]l B]RvN vYxnic{ [ |tu
Ep]e EsSh \v>uh Ep]k]ti>i]N Evi
avRe}]h pURv{siK (muNkuTum) vy[piyuh EvSh
Ac]>h Evd]YynV>xzd]yh mut]yvey EBd
eTuukyuh ecy[ tu ù k]fuky]l avR[
|vieT xVEdshEp]e xuKzpdm}]yi>uu ùh,
zp]cIn my]h
41
ìuh ti>ic{uEp]k]ti>i]N Ayi>uu p>EdsniSi
m]y muNpr ~R]TukL ecy[tu b]l]>myi
ave> t]mxiic{etuh m]kuu. `zpk]>h
B]RvN ecy[ttu v]vm]efuv>ikil d]nh v]i
yvReEp]ete v]]vRuh BUmi mut]y
vyuh atukueT jM]vk]svuh AYtVvuh aEHh
ek]Tui>ifh. a}]et kusztut \]yi>uiuh
kI<Tiy ztiyen xVEztil ek]i>ui
>ic{ |EHh t]l ek]uv>ev>uh te A
u kI<Ti xVEdsEu ek]>ut]viDil
EvSh mut]yvyuh m]i annYgtik]yi nii>u
v>uh Ay `ztEy] zb]fe> Ouh ek]Tu]et
\Epic{u ù pryut[ O>iuh Ec>ukyi}.
`]l ek]Tu]et \Epic{i} avRu Eveu
O<ii]f[ ù prky]efil viEdsuniumu
av>ueT Agmnie \EsYh pie `]yi>iuh?
O>uEv abil vuEp]yt]efuv>ikil avR
EvSh m]rukyuh Ever viDh x]dic{[ \pjIvnh k<ic{ u
ek]eiuh |vieTe i>m]yi t]mxiukyuh
ecy{]et \TN ep]yum]yi>uu.
|ni |vR B]Rvn]l fieT]et (tniey)
vu EvSh m]ri t]mxic{ v>]kek]]f[ |vR[ BUmi
ki]ti>uetil, O]mt[ atiE[ zpm]fEm] jn
zsutiEy] Ouh teyi}; >]mt[ p>Edsu
zb]f>ueT v]xuec[ ave> niRbic{u
kUie]uv[ d]nhecy[ t B]RvN A k]u
tniey vv>uh jMh mu<uvN |vieT t]mxiutinu
zp]cIn my]h
42
x>]yi>uv>uh Ay |ve> O<iyi}]yi>uu.
atuek]uh d]nh v]iyvR v]]v>]y mu
vRuEviec{y[t kurtIRc{yil |vR \LeT]ti>u
tuek]uh arupin]u zg]m]>il `}]vRuh
ek]Tuu ù prtu s>iy]kui}.
|o my]ie BUmid]nxVIk>fil dBUmi
m]ztm} O>un]uh m]r]t]y zBhs>Upm]y p]pvuhkUTi
xiiuh `]fE}] zpm]fhek]uh anuBvh
ek]uh |o zb]fR visVxic{i>iut]yi etii
>iut[. |oviD zBu>Upp]pxHit d]nxVIk]>m]
kuu |vieT \ jMitVinuh zpButVinuh k]>f
emuh k]fuu. AYM]Ru avk]sh B]Rvd]n
zpk]>h xiic{t]efu k]futin]l Eml pr
mur[ |v!Ruh p]pvuh timih zBuh xhBvic{i>i
Et]yi>uu. azpk]>h k]fui} . AYM]R
|uh EzsM]R tey]f[ .
xm]D]nh: En>iu eekyil v]iec{iE p]pmuU.
|o AYM]R aen v]ic{ii}. atuek][
avRu p]pvumi}.
niESDh: "mH]zb]fRu zBu v>uE. d]nh
Emlzpk]>h mti. atuek][ d]nh Ph xiic{u
ek]uh" ìen B]Rvnu dyvuEt]i d]nh
xVIk>i]nuve> m]i niruiyuhevc{[ BUmiyiE]
mevieTeyiuEm] d]nvu evc{uek]Tuukyuh
azpk]>h |vRu xiiyuh ecy[ti>iy]ef[
\oHiEiyi>iuu. A itiu |zt dy]uv]y
zp]cIn my]h
43
B]Rvn[ muve> (eekyil v]iyve>) xhbic{uh
|tuEp]e ecy[t[ Ed]Sh kUT]et k]>Yh x]Di]m]yi
>uu. aen nTiyt]yi]f]tin]l B]Rvn[
atu xtme}uh atuek][ aEHh aen
ecy[tiie}uh etiyuu.
viEsSic{uh d]nviSym]y p]ph ~tuviDie
iuh d]nh xVIk>ic{vEn]T}]et `viETu Ep]kuem[
ariyui}. atu vIuh d]t]vilte Ec>uemE]
at} tl]h m]rini[ eekyil v]]tu xVIk]>
zkiy ek]u nsic{uEp]kuemE] pryut]y]l atu
yuiu Ec>ut}.
O>uvN ek]Tuukyuh Ever]>uvN atinnukUm]yi
ni[ ~uv]ukyuh ecy[etiE atu d]nm]kyuh
PeTukyuh zptizgHIt]vinu dvuvil avk]sh
xiiyuh ecyuU. A iti[ Ene> ~uv]Ii
} ] |vRu vu avk]smueu pryutu
s>iy}.
av] avk]smueuv>ikil atu Ever v}
m]Riuh xiic{iut]yi>ifh.
`]l, |vR (AYM]R) v]iyie}iuh muvR
v]IuE}]. A v]l |v>ueT avk]sinuh
k]>fm]yi `]efil, avRu B]RvEn]Tu
d]nhv]Iut]y}]et Ever vui}]tin]uh
av>ueT v]ie Pxii |vR]efu[ |r
B]ghek]u vuEp]kutin]uh av>ueT xkvu
ueT avk]svuh |vRu xiic{i>iEt]kuu.
zp]cIn my]h
44
xm]D]nh: mvR (ky{ ilv]iyvR) avRu
Eviyuh |vRuEviyuh |en >uviDh v]I
uu[; atin]l |vRuEvi v]iytum]ztEm |v>u
ETt]yi>iU.
niESDh: azpk]>h v]iytu[ dvuxHitEm]
aEt] p]pem]ztEm]? dvuxHitm]kuu ìl
ARuEvi Ay]uh s>i Edyvuxhbm]yi
d]t]viu]yi>u avk]sh A d]t]viEn]Tu
EvRepu zptizgHIt]vie aDInil Akum]ru
kZtYien Akuu xVIk]>h (v]l) ùpryu
tu[. atin]uh,
"xRv{p]pvimuEy" (Ek. m]. a. 5)
aRh: "`}] p]piEyuh viEm]cnin]yiu["
`tin]uh `}] p]piEyuh viEm]cnm]fu[ d]n
ie zpEy]jnemu xiiuu. p]pe ~uv]i
e]tin]l B]Rvnu d]nie zpEy]jnm]y p]p
viEm]cninu EHtu eekyil v]l Akuu. Ak
y]l xV]Rm]yuh p>]Rm]yuh \ >u v]il
\Le vuueT avk]suh tuYbE]TukuTi
A eekyil v]iyv>ilte |>i]En nY]ymuu.
at}] n} mnE]TukuTi p>]Rh v]iy vue
viuek]Tuupiuh xV]Rhv]iy vuueT
avk]sh `}] k]uh av>ilte EcRi>iE
t]fu[ . |o itiu[ `}] vk]>ueTyuh vuueT
avk]sh AdYh B]Rvnuh >]mtu[ aEHh ek]Tu
iu[ eekyil v]iyvRuh avR ek]Tuiu[ 3]mtu[
zp]cIn my]h
45
|vRuh (AYM]Ruh) xiic{iut]yi>ifemu
i>eTuu. B]Rvd]nzpk]>h xiic{tu mvRuh
av>ueT d]nzpk]>h xiic{tu[ |vRuh `}]et
AYM]Ru B]Rvd]nzpk]>h xiic{u ù pryu
tien |v>ueT zpm]fhte Kiuu.
|ni eekyil v]iyvR avk]se viu
p]pem]ztm]fu[ v]iyetil BUmi atil \LeT]
ti>utuek]u[ atu[ AYM]>ueT jMvk]sinu
k]>fme}]vuh. B]RvEn]Tu v]iie}u[ AdYEm
te pruEp]ytin]l B]Rvd]nm]fu[ jM]vk]s
inu k]>femu pryuv]nuh p]Ti}. a}]etyuh
Aczt]>h anuBvi]N vuvien a}]et viSucik
Èp]e yinu EHtuBUtm]y p]pe AEf]
pUvuh nI>uh xHith ek]Tuutu[? d]nie mur
azpk]>h AEf]? |tinu vip>Itm]yi B]RvNte
ecy[tiu BUmid]nm>Y]dey En]]h:
"puE>]Hit]N xm]HUy Evd]N Evdp]>g]N
vxi]dIN dVij]tIh BUmid]nmkyl;
ax[ml p]pvin]s]Rh kuxueemHiEt]dkh
Hx[Et gZHItV] >]mu \v]c munipuhgv]N:
puE>]Hitt]nm]gtY xm]it
BUd]nh dIyt]h >]jN Eg]ztpURv{h xn]mkh
egotmxY xuEtEn]mzbvIMzpURv{ kh:
BUmih iKitV] pEztSu zb]EfEBY] ddo zpBu
xRv{]N BUm]nV]pi xRv{p]pvimuEy
viEzpEBY]Hh BUmid]nh zpdd]mi munIsV>]
ctu]g>mY] c BUmi] dIyEt my]
zp]cIn my]h
46
n]n]Eg]ztdViEjBYu BUmid]nh my] kZtYh."
(Ek. m]. a. 5)
|zpk]>h d]nh ecy[tiu zpEy]jnh d]t]vinu
p]pEm]cnvuh xVIkR]vinu vVnuEB]gvuh Akuu.
d]t]vu vuviEnyuh p]pEyuhkUTi ek]Tuu
ìuh vu anuBvieTfemuh p]ph yii
eTfemuh Akuu \EsYh. atin]l kuxuEm]dk
xEmth dm]Ektuh Ayiutuh 'Edyvu'
Akuu. a}]et O>iuh 'p]p'm}] ùtu muN
k]fic{ zpm]fh ek]uh xiiuu. atin]l vu
vien O<ic{ u d]nh v]i ù pr]l Aytu
Ec>ukyi}].
|ni v]ic{ vR v]i]v>]y |vRuEvi
kurtIRc{ ecy[tE]L kurtIRuEp]yt]yuh p]ph
vuviEnyuh tdnuEB]]]y |vE>yuh viiu[
av>ueT aTuu[ \TN ect]yuh Ouh s>iye}u
k]fi]h.
d]tZp]pe Edyvuvil xic{]iyuh Edyvu
ky{il aT]t]efil Aytien \dkd]nil
xic{]iyuh Akuu d]nhecy{utu[. d]t]vu[ nI>uh
pUvuh ky{ieTuu[ 'è p]ph è viu[ |o
d]nE]TukUTi Ep]ey]<iye' ìen xic{u
ek]Tuukyuh xVIkR]vu[ '|o d]t]vie p]pe
|o EdyvuEv]TukuTi w]N ~i>iuu' ù
xic{u v]iukyuh ecy{uE]L A xzpk]>h
A p]pm]ke dvuvien tuTRu xVIkZiEn]Tu
zp]cIn my]h
47
Ec>uu. |o itiu[ d]tZxh ave p]pe
ave plniuh EvRepTui xVIkZiEn]Tu
Ec>um]ru[ dvum]Rm]yi tiviTutinu O]
kuu; dpd]Rh Emlzpk]>h viTe p]pinu
xVIkZil p]u ec}utinu m]Rm]kuu.
xVIkZie xh azpk]>h v>u p]pe atu[
|>u Eu (mrupTiyuh d]t]vil te)
ec}]viDh ~uek]utinu O]kuu.
|zpk]>h d]nvuh xVIk]>vuh k<iiu[ dvuvil
d]t]vin]l xh ek]u]eiu p]pe
xVIkZ]yvN te tEp]bhek]u nsiic{ u[ A
vuvien anYen p]pilniuh >ic{tie
zptiPm]yiu[ anuBvic{uek]uu.
a}]et ky{il En>iuek]Tuutuh v]utuh
p]pe m]ztm} xviYp]pm]yi>iu Edy
vuviEnyuh tdvk]sEyum]kuu.|o avu[ O>u
d]nil vuvuh p]pvuh Oic{i>iev vu O>iTuh
p]ph me]>iTuh Akuemutu[ axhB]vYhte.
xm]D]nh: ky{il v]iyvRu[ |vRutuEp]e
te B]RvdvuL \tin]l |o p]pvuhkuTi
xzpk]>h avyil EcRi>uuek]uh.
niESDh; ìl, A dvum]Rh xhzkmic{ p]ph
`vieT Ep]kuh? |o p]pinu[ |>i]NkUTi A
vuL mtiy]kuemil |vRu Ever ek]Tui
]vsYmi}], ek]Tui>iukyuh |},
zp]cIn my]h
48
|niyuh ky{il v]iyvR v]]v>]y mu
v>ueT kurtIRc{kuTi ecy[tuv]ic{u ù pryuu
ve}]. Aytu xtYm]yi>uuevil tLu Evi
yuh, eekyil v]]ku asuiey et]T]et vu
e m]zth muruekiTic{u[ anuBvic{uhek]u[ p>isum]
yi>iu mu jMikLuEviyuh d]ne ky{il
v]ic{ u[ ku<iiTu >uvk zBukEyuh zBu
kUT]et k]>Yh pic{u xmRM]>]yi>iu jMikL,
d]nEd]Sp>iH]>m]Rh x[mZtikil viDiei>uiuh,
Aytien ecy[tu[ \pk]>ik]y xVjnilniu
Ed]Sh nIi ave> tueT xmuHil EcRu
ek]]et Èuh |en purhti viukkyuh
avR (ky{ ilv]iyvR) A \pk]>e O]ReTui
mvE>]Tu[ niRb{ic{u zptiviDi ecy{ic{u tueT
iti s>iy]ie]]et \ k]em]eyuh |o
k]>Yil m]zth mEy]TukUTi |en emonzvth
anuic{uek]i>iukyuh ecy[ tukyum]yi>uE]?
O>iumi}. atuek]u v]iyvR muv>ueT kur
tIRc{ecy[tuv]Iie}utu niym]kuu.
xm]D]nh: |tu[ |o O>u d]ninu m]ztm]yiu
putiy xhBvm]fu[ . Aytin]l |tie nivZiu
\p]yh O>u x[mZtiyiuh zpm]fiuh Evdiuh
k]fukyi}. Ak]et atuek]]fu[ p>iHZth
kiTutu[ . a}]et avRu mni}]i}.
niESDh: O>u d]nil vuvuh p]pvuh \Lei
>iev vum]zth d]nh v]iyvEn]Tuh p]phm]zth
atil xhbi] Ever]>uvEn]Tuh ecuEc>uem
zp]cIn my]h
49
u niymvuh Oiuh O>iTuh |}. atin]]yi>i
]h p>iH]>vuh kiT]tu[.
xm]D]nh: d]nh v]]vR muv>ueT kurtIRc{
ecy[tu v]iynimim]fu[ avRu[ avk]sh
xiic{tu[.
niESDh: Aytu[ `}]vRuh xiic{i>iEt]
yi>uu. |vieT v]]v>il aEnkhEpRu[ |tu
Pi]et avR kuTiy]yivM]>ueT
6
niESDh: |tu[ 64 zg]m]>]y zb]fRum]yiu
Ek>BUmi mu<uvnuh B]RvN d]nh ecy[tu ù
zpm]finu vip>Itinu vip>Itm]yii>i uu.
EsK>il Ever
viDh x]dic{u k]Eph ecy{uv>]yi k]fuu.
atin]l |tu s>iy]kui}.
xm]D]nh: ciRuEvi m]ztEm v]iyuu. avR
aen tuni]uh. "n]n]Eg]ztdViEjBYu BUmid]nh
my] kZth" (Ek.m].a.5) - "`}] Eg]zt]>]y
zb]fRuh `]l BUmi d]nh ecy{eu."
|en `}]EpRuh pp]th kUT]et d]nh
ecy[t B]RvN atiuLe ~t]nuh EpR]yiu
m]zth ek]Tuyi}. ek]Tu] itiu avR
v]iyuh |>iyi}E}].
xm]D]nh: |o my]BUmid]ninu m]zth B]RvN
pp]tm]Re anuic{ u.

6
kuTiy]M]>ueT
zp]cIn my]h
50
|niyuh |vRutien |vRte v]]ti>i]nuh
A kurvien anY>ueT v]il xmRic{uky]nuh
k]>fem[? Ed]Ssnimih mni}]iE], aEt]
B]RvN ek]Tu]iE]?
Ed]Ssnimih mni}]ieil |ztdU>h
v>ikyuh an>h annYEdss>fM]>]yi[ |vieT
e v]<ukyuh ecyi}]yi>uu. a}]Etyuh
d]n]RHM]R[ |til Ed]Ss[ vkyuh |}. \]yi
E]eyil aRH>e}uh jMitVk]>fh B]Rvd]n
xVIk>fme}uh vukUTuh. B]RvN ek]Tu]ti>i
]N |Tyie}utu t]e<ryu zpm]fB]gil
niuh eviv]kuu.
"tzt]x[ Et zb]f kiEdVdvid[Bi>hkZt
ST[Rni>Et]
7
AgtY Ek>E xhE vZS]zdipu>xhiEk"
nitYm]c]>Yl puE> xuDI
txY] d]x] ptizvt] BRtZsuzsUSEf >t]
tEy]>xupuzt]h........................
B]REveenv muu dVij]tIn]h gu>ud]
apuezet xd]ee> zpy]fmkE>]Vij
8

7
Evd]DYynh, aDY]pnh, yjnh, y]jnh, d]nh, zptizgHh ìvy]f[
zb]fnu viDic{iu ST[ kRL (Aru DRL).
8
avieT A pfil EvdM]>]l a>ievnuh,
ST[Rni>tnuh, È]<uh Ac]>Ynuh, xubuiyum]y O>u zb]fN
\[. ay]ueT B]>Y ptizvtyuh BR]vien suzsUSiutil
tt[p>yum]f[. avR[ ù puztM]>u[. zb]f>ueT gu>uv]y ay]L
p>su>]mN prtnux>ic{ [ A zpEdsh vi[ Ek>ie vZS]zdIpu>h
(tZivEp>UR) ` ei.

(Ek. m]. a. 11)
zp]cIn my]h
51
Emlk]fic{ zpm]filniuh agZHil
AYM]R O>eyuh ayuETyuh puztM]e>u
k]fuu. |o iti[ avR O>u Eg]zt]>]yi>i]En
|TyuU. O>u Eg]zt]R[ aEnY]nYviv]Hbh
p]Ti} ` niymh |uh zb]f>ueT |Tyil nT]f[ .
|vR aEnY]nYh viv]Hh ecy[ tuv>utuek][
muNprtu s>iye}uh avR evEv{er Eg]zth
\v>]efuh niyiEiyi>iuu.
ky{il v]iyvR ù pryeTuv>]y jMi kLuh
B]RvN ek]Tuii}
B]RvN ve> Ek}se[ xmuzdilniuh |o
BUmiey x]dic{t[ ìn]yi[? aEHh AdYhecy[t
ES]QsmH]d]nh (ds) xRv{BUmd]nh |tukL
nimih muil k]fic{zpk]>h vI>HtY]p]pie
`} te xkp]pueTyuh Em]cnh xiic{u
Ep]ytin]l AytiE[ ae}ut[ tIRc{te.
"zpEy]jnmnuisY n mE]pi zpvREt" zpEy]jne
|i]et mn]yuvNEp]uh Ouhte zpvRi
yi} ]. B]Rvn[ |o xRBil atY]vsYm]y
zpEy]jnem]yi>ui>i]h ù En]iy]l Aytu
muu zpm]fLek][ |>i]N |Th \]vuk
y]efu evieTuu.
a}]et d]nh ecy{femu AvsYh aEHinu
xVh Ep]uh \]yi>ui}.
aEHh AEvgE]TukUTiv[ BUmiey \]i
putuEm]Tiyil azpk]>h yEh |>uueviuh kuEr
zp]cIn my]h
52
]h k<iEsSh zb]fRuek]Tuu ù
vic]>iuph, B]RvN aEHie putiy
BUmiyil zb]fe> |>uuek]uv]N anuvdic{uhevc{[
Ep]kyuh kurE]>uk]h ecEsSh avR aEH
e p>Iiy]l tlfh vu Ek]pic{u spic{i[
BUmi ek]Tuukyi}, ù prkyuh avR Byu
utic{E]L, s]pEm]h ek]Tuuhvc{uEp]vukyuh
ecy[tu. |zpk]>m}]et xHY]zdiKi!l B]Rvd]n
ienuric{[ Ouhte k]fui}. atuek][
B]RvN d]nh ecy[ tii}. |ni \eu vupvuh
at[ |rtiniT[ ~etiuh O>u xRBi]yi
>i]En p]TuU. aeny]efil at[ zb]fe>
|>uiyuhevc{[ xE]Sm]yi[ Ep]yE]E<] at},
an>h zb]fR p>Iic{ tin]l >]mtu vu
spic{ E]E<]? AdYm]efil.
"xRv{]N BUm]nV]pi xRv{p]pvimuEy
viEzpEBY]Hh BUmid]nh zpdd]mi munIsV>]"
(Ek>m]H]Yh)
"`} ] BUmiyuh xkp]pnivZi]yi[ w]N
zb]fR[ d]nh ecy{uu" ùh muh k]futu
Ep]e. A viv>vuh |o zpm]fil k]fi]tinu
k]>fem[? pie B]Rvn[ aE]L BUmid]nh ecy[ti[
y]et]>u k]>Yvuh |}]yi>uu t]nuh.
|niyuh, AdYEm ek]Tui>uuevil |ni t>ik
yie}u >]mtu prv]N |Tyi}. a}]etyuh
ek]Tuuhevc{[ azpk]>h prkeyuv]l B]RvN
zp]cIn my]h
53
EB]S[ku pryuvn]yiE]kyuh aE]L "mdV]kYh
xtYEmvu" (è v][ xtYm]yiute Bviuh)
`[ aEHh pETuh priutu visV]xEy]gY
me}uh aEHinu d]pH]>Ed]Sh \euh
v>ikyuh ecy{uh. BUmi mu<uvN v]ie][ "|ni
|tii>i]N p]Ti} `vieT ìuh ep]y[e]uEk
Evu" ù mu[ munim]>uh muh prE]L
|tiDikh Ek]ph v>]nuh "è vWi v]iyt]k
ek][ |tu s>iy]y O>u d]nEm a}. Aytin]l w]N
t>ut}." ù pryuv]nuh ti>iey `Tuu
ek]utinuteyuh nY]ymu]yi>uu. ìu
Ep]uh azpk]>h ecy{ ]et mic{ uEp] mH]n]y
B]RvN mue ek]Tui>uu ìl piIT[ |en
pryukyie}u niyhte.
>]mtu vi>uE]L d]nh ecy[tuevil,
aE]<u]yt[ Ek]pic{u spiyuh BUmi t>ikyie}u
sph ecy[tet]<ikyuh Ayi>uE}]. a}]etyuh,
zb]fR BUmi mu<uvnuh eek]ie][ "wLu
dm]yiE]yi, |ni |tii>iE, `vieT ìuh
ep]y[e]fh" ù pruEkE]L ep]TunEv
\]y mn]p]l "Ake |zpk]>h O>u BUmi
\]i p>ip]i]Em] ù En]e" ù zpti
ecy[tu Ep]yi BUmi x]dic{ B]RvN "ek]i ek]Ti
ek] pUc{ u mi]minuien Byh" ù p<em]]rien O]R[ O>u k]uh
|o BUmi anY]DInil Ep]k]viDh ~R]Tu
zp]cIn my]h
54
ecy}]et d]nh ecy[v]N O>uukyie}u zpEtYkh
prEytumi}.
B]RvN my]BUmiey ARuh d]nh ecy[ ti}
"azb]EfY td] EdEs eekvR]N EzpY B]Rv
CitV] tlbish kf[E yxUztmkyt[
]pyitV] xVkIEy xVEEzt vizp]N xVkit]N
j]mdiEt]v]c xuzpIEtn]>]n]"
(xHY]zdiKh)
B]RvN |zpk]>em} ]h ecy[tt[ AE]ciuE]L
"|ni y]et]inuh zb]f>ueT xH]yvuh c]Rc{yuh
xHv]xvuh Ev" ùh nitYvuh jIvHihxecy[ tu
k<i[ku atinikZj]ti]e>u v>ikiuh "|vR
ave>]L EBdh. av>ueT pUfunUien]uh |v>ueT
|>Ek]RiTu cUlyru EBdh" ùh ave>
(zb]fe>)uric{[ aEHin[ O>u evru[ Et]iy
t]yi evieTuu. |o iti[ BUmi t>ikyie}u
priutilni[ muil ek]Tuiie}u eviv]ku
tuEp]ete pieyuh at]yt[ |tuve>yuh
ek]Tuiie}u niyi]vut]f[ .
aztyum}, B]RvN ave> (zb]fe>) "niL
ve> zpk]>iu k]vke zp]piiN" ù
spic{i]f[ "BUmi t>ikyi}" ù priut[ .
an>h zb]fN ~vuh vYxnE]TukUTi
s]pEm]in[ aEpic{E]L aEHh avE>]T[
kiyugh vRic{uv>u k][ è v][ s>iy]yiu
v>uh; ìuh niL "axizph" ` BUmiyil
zp]cIn my]h
55
s}]GnIyM]>]yi Bviuh; ìen pr[ ayc{ Et
yuU. BUmi ek]Tui>uuevil |zpk]>h prkyi}]
yi>uu. |o v]uek][ aEHie Eds[
|v>i>iutuEp]uh |me}uh |>u]l |vR[
kt Bviuemuh èiuh nMEvfemil aviTh
vi[ anYEdsu ep]y[e]femuh \ B]Rve
Asyh evieTuu.
xm]D]nh: BUmi t>ikyie}uh mumu v]kYL
xHY]zdiKh ` zgil \>]Ril
\vyuh Ever dU>uvc{[ xhBvic{iu
xhgtike xhbic{vyuh |o my]BUmieyuric{u
xVIk>it}]vyuh Akuu. |vieT Evt[
"Ek>m]H]Yh", "Ek>E]lpi" mut]yvyiu
x]Y]f[.
niESDh: |r >uvk zpm]fil pryu
BUmikueT \Tmnuh >ue xhgtikuh
nTiy Auh B]RvN O>]Lte Akuu.
xm]D]nh: avieT zb]fRu BUmi ek]Tu
yie}u pru niESDiyuh |vieT xl]>pURv{h
ek]Tuyum]f[ ecy[ tiut[.
niESDh: xHY]zdiKil pryu BUmi, AL,
xhgtikL, nTvTikL |vtey]f[ |o Ek>
m]H]Yh mut]yvyiuh zptip]dic{i>iut[.
atin]l |tuke O]yi}]et evEv{er prv]N
p]Ti}. pryut]yi>u]l, |o >iEuh n]N
O>]]yi>iek]u zput xhgtikL O>u xRBil
zp]cIn my]h
56
nTutinu p]Tie}uh, >u xRBil muuh
piuh Ayi>i]En p]TuU ùh v>uh. A iti[
|vieT ek]Tut[, avieT ek]Tuyie}u niESDi
yuh spiyuh ecy[ttil piIET] atinu muE]?
`[ AE]ci]h.
piIT[ Aefil, azpk]>h viE>]Dieu
niESDiyuh spiyuhecy[t iti[ an>h
|vieTvu ek]Tu]N tuniyukyi}. atiE[ AvsY
vuh |} . aztyum} avieT zb]fe> xEzk]Dh bHu
zpk]>il spic{uhvc{u B]RvN tpin]yi
ep]u ùh pie ti>iuEn]Ie |e}uh
atieEsSh A zb]fR s]pzgM]>uh duK]R
M]>uh, sUzdzp]yM]>uh AyiiTi>uuevuh an>h
myU>vRN ` xU>Yku>]j]vuh pil]h aEH
ie puztn]y cz]hgdnuh A diien p>iS[ k>ic{u
ùh muNpr zb]f>ueT an>]nuBvL
B]RvN ek]Tu s]pEm]zpk]>h te Ayi>uu
ùh k]fut}]et B]RvN pie me]>u u
ecu muil priuzpk]>h Ouh te nTi
yt]yi k]fui}.
xm]D]nh: avieT niESDie zb]fR} ,
|tiE]yiu Ever ek]uv>e zb]fR]f[ ,
|vieT BUmi ek]Tut[.
niESDh: aE]L, xmuzde nIl, BUminiR]fh,
d]nh mut]yv B]RvN pE]<uh ecy[tiueu
vuEp]kuh. aen AkuE]L, vI>HtY]p]p
zp]cIn my]h
57
Em]cn]Rh d]nh ecy[ v]enuh BUmi mu<uvnuh
zb]fRu ek]TuuEp]ytin]l tnii>i]N
mi}]i[ atiEu Evi Aefuh \
xm]D]nuh tXhbm]y kZtYuh OiDikh
tvf Eviv>uh. aE]L |>Upe]uvh ztiye>
nizgHic{u BUmiey niztiyy]uk, vIuh BUmiey
niRiuk, atien d]nh ecy{uk, at]yt[ AdYh
ek] ztiye> pieyuh ek]}uk, AdYh d]nh
ecy[t BUmiey pieyuh d]nh ec, AdYh niRic{
BUmiey pieyuh niRi, AdYh v>uiytuEp]e
pieyuh zb]fe> v>uuk, muieeE]e
zb]fe> |>uiyuhvc{u vic]>iuE]L v>]emuh
pru pieyuh Ep]k, AdYh p>Iic{tuEp]e
pieyuh zb]fR p>Ii, AdYh vzpk]>h
pieyuh v>ik, AdYh Ek]pic{zpk]>h pieyuh
Ek]pi, AdYh spic{zpk]>h pieyuh spi ì
en |tuxhbmyi pryeTu xk xhgtik
Eyuh B]RvN vIuh zpvRic{iueu v>ikyuh
Aytu p>iH]xjnkm]yi tI>ukyuh ecy{uh.
xm]D]nh: B]RvN |>uu v]<utinuh d]nh
ecy{utinuh BUmikL AvsYei>uu. atin]l
vTe B]gm]y xuzbfYh mutl eevt>five>
tnii>iutiEuh knY]kum]>i mutl Eg]kRh
ve> d]nh ecy{utiEuh BUmi \]i Evu
~R]TukL ecy[tiut]f[. |o iti[ av
zpEtYkh Ayi}]et O]yii>i]N p]Tut}.
zp]cIn my]h
58
niESDh: muu B]Rve aDInil |>u BUmi
mu<uvnuh d]nhnimih eekviuEp]ytin]l tnii
>uu v]<uv]n]yium]ztm]f[ etE B]gm]y knY]
kum]>i mutl Eg]kRh ve> \ BUmi \]iyet[
|viTEu zpm]fil muKYm]yi Ek>m]H]Y
il pri>iek]uh Ek>E]lpikil k]fu
zpk]>h |o BUmi p]pviEm]cn]Rh d]nh ecy[v]n]yi[
\]iyt]efu B]gh |tinumuute Ki
euEp]yi>iek]uh (\]iyie}il) d]nin]
yi[ ae}uh m]kuu.
pieyuh xuzbfYh mutl Eg]kRhve>yu
h xHY]zdiKzpk]>h AdYh B]RvN niRic{
til \LeuEp]yi. atuEp]e A h Ek>
m]H]Y]di zpk]>h >]me niR]fiuh \Lei
>iut]yi k]fuu. |tu tIe> Ey]jiui}.
`}] k]>f]uh |tukL >} ùh Ou
tey]efuh >emil pryutu s>iye}uh
dZ]eTuu.
`]l v]vh |zpk]>m]efi!l zpm]fL
>uzpk]>h `<utievy[p]N k]>feme[ O>u
vut]y ji]xyuh syuh |vieT xhBvi]N
|Tyu[. |tile |niey]>u [ O]E>]]yi
cUi]fic{u prEyt]yi>iutin]uh |tuve>
pruv xhgtikL Eml]fic{ nY]yLek][
~vuh IBvic{i>iutin]uh avey |vieT
viv>iui}.
zp]cIn my]h
59
niESDiyuh spiyuh ecy[tiutinu mu]yi
>uuevil, "xHY]l x]g>p>Yh" kiTu B]Rv
Eztie etEB]gm]y |o my]BUmiyil mH]
Ey]gYM]>]y zb]fR B]Re xV]DInil \]yi
>iuemut[ niym]kuu. A iti[ aEH
ie xVk]>YL]yi[ axV]DInil |>iu
v>]y Ever zb]fe>E]yi fiutin[ AvsY
mi}]yi>uu.
xm]D]nh: a[ |vieT \]yi>u zb]fR d]nh
v]uk mut]y kZtYil \Letin]l pzpk]>h
zBuBvic{v>]yi>utuek][ \mk]>YL[ |ni
ave> fiEeu vic]>ic{]yi>uu.
niESDh: zBM]>}]v>]y visiR mut]y
zb]fR `ztEy]EpR \]yi>uE}]. Ayve>
fi>ut]yi>uE]?
xm]D]nh: mu zb]fR v>uemu vic]>ic{i>u
tin]l Af[ .
niESDh: AyvR v>ikyie}u tIRc{ Aytin]l
pieyuh fi]m]yi>uE}]. |vRu v>]ti>i]N
p]Tie}utiEu xhsyvumi}E}]. ì[ azpk]>h
ecy{]et,
"zs]]ReeWv y]Rh mzit]Rvzb]f]
n]gt] SyREv{ zkuE]BUl B]REv] muni
my]............................................. Ezth nUtnniRith
n]gt] zb]f]REv{ k]>fh kih zpEy]jnh
zp]cIn my]h
60
zb]f] nUtn] k]>Y] ~vh..........."
aRh: "zs]h y]gh |tukL]yi zb]fe>
fic{i[ A>uhte eci}. B]RvN Ek]pic{[ "w]N
nUtnm]yi BUmiyu]i; zb]f>]>uh fic{iuvi}.
|tiEu k]>fem[? |ni zb]fE>yuh nUtnm]yi
\]uu[."
ìzpk]>h ciic{[ m]>uh Bi]tuEp]e
"Ep]]l pui pu}uh tiuh" ` mil nikZ
j]ti]e>, atuh nitYvuh jIviHhxecy[tu k<ic{u
kUu muuvM]e> piTic{u te k]>YL[ \pEy]g
eTuviDh zb]f>]iIRum]yi>uE]? O>iu
mi}]. atin]l xHY]zdiKzpk]>h vTuB]ge
~R]Tinumui]yi>uu |viTEt[ ù prv]N
ah Ep]uh k]>fmi}.
|]fic{ nY]yLek][ xHY]zdiKh Ek>
m]H]Yh mut]yvyie zpm]fL Ever BUmikL,
xhgtikl |veyuric{uvye}u i>eTuu.
xm]D]nh: xHY]zdiKzpm]fe visVxi]N
p]Ti}.
niESDh: azpk]>h visVxi]ti>iut[ k]>f
E]Tu kUT]etEy] kUTiEy]?
kUT]et ìl, |tuEp]ee ~tu zpm]f
eyuh ARuh visVxi]et tiy]emuv>uh.
A itiu Ek>m]H]Yh, Ek>E]lpikL
mut]y zpm]fuh teTuh. aE]L |o B]Rv
zp]cIn my]h
61
zb]fkIRn]dike}]h dUe> etric{uEp]kyuh
xtYh nini[ukyuh ecy{uh.
k]>fE]TukUTiy]efil, atien zpEtYkh
cUi]fiEt]yiv>uh.
xm]D]nh: xHY]zdiKh zb]fe> duSi]N
Evi Ae>}]Em] kUTi `<utivc{t]f[; |tute
k]>fh.
niESDh: Ek>m]H]Yh, Ek>E]lpi mut]y
zb]fe> vRi]nuh muve> duSi]num]yi[
Ae>}]Em] kUTiEc{R[ `<utivevy]f[ .
xm]D]nh: |o my]il zb]f>uh, viEsSic{ [
nU>im]>uh, sUzd(n]yM])>uh tiu ExvYExvk
B]vh ete my]iEu zpm]f]y Ek>
m]H]Yh mut]yvyil pri>iuzpk]>h |u
ve>yuh zptYm]yi kuv>iky]l A vk
zpm]fe visVxi te Evfh.
niESDh: zpm]fil pryu xhgtiyiuh
k]>fvuh nTpTiyuh atil pryuhzpk]>hte s>i
y]yiuh yuYnuBvLe]uh |>iuuevil
visVxifh. zptYil kriyvh nTil
|>iutuh Ay xhgtikeuric{u O>u zpm]fh A
xhgti[ ae}il atil aDikh B]ginutt]y
aTi]nm]yi>ifh.
Ek>E]lpi, Ek>m]H]Yh mut]yvyil,
knY]kum]>i mutl vT[ k]E>]upu< ve> 32
zp]cIn my]h
62
my]zg]mmTiy ete my]Edseuric{ u
xkxhgtikEyuh Ti k]E>]upu<mutl vTu
Eg]kRhve>yu tuuEdseuric{[ 32 zg]mueT
n]me m]ztvuh pryuu."
xHY]zdiKil xuzbfYh mutl Eg]kRh
ve> ùh xuzbfYinu xmIpmut]y \>
knY]kum]>i mutl n]xik]ztYhbkhve>eyuh
atiRiniRyh k]fuu.
atil Eg]kREurmu 32 zg]mEyuh tl
xhbm]y xhgtikEyuhkUTi viv>ic{i>iuu.
Eg]kRhve>yu tuuEdsh Emlpr >uvk
zpm]fiuh \Leuk]fuu. |tukil s>i
evEtu Ek>m]H]Yh mut]ytukeEy]
xHY]zdiKEEy]? AdYh pryevey Aefil
(1) A vk zpm]fL zpD]nxhgtikeE]uh
aEnY]nYh vi>um]yuh vYtY]xm]yuh pri>iuu.
(2) avyie zpD]n viSy]y BUd]nh mut]y
vyueT xk k]>fuh yuinY]y]l AdYEm
te KieuEp]yi>iuu. (3) vTE 32 tuu
zg]mueT n]me m]ztm}]et A zg]mL
|>iu h, atiRi, Yh, xhKY, avieTyu
ndikL, zg]mueT pi>ivukL, A pi>ivukueT k]>fh,
zg]m]>ueT Agmh, av]t]>tmYh, Ac]>h
|tuke Oienyuh av viv>iui}.
zb]f>uh sUzd>uh tiu ExvYExvkB]vh
zb]fR `<utivc{iu zpm]fil k]fuue
zp]cIn my]h
63
}]et p>>y]yi nTuv>u nTpTike
En]uE]L atu k]fui}. ùteyum}]
zpm]fil k]fu xhgtik]ke atukLu
pryu k]>f]ke Ouh te p>m]Rm]yi>i
ui}. |]fic{ nY]y]l visVxi]et
tutiEu tt]y k]>fE]TukUTiyi>iut[
Ek>m]H]Yh mut]yvtey]f[. k]xE>]u pu<
(k]E>]u pu<)u vT[ Eg]kRhve>yu EdsL,
ndikL, dV]ztihsl (32) tuuzg]mL, atukL
|>iu L, atukueT n]mL, pi>ivukL, A
pi>ivukueT xhKYkL, azpk]>h pi>ivukL \]k]
nu k]>fh, zg]m]>ueT Agmh, \lkZnikZtkL,
Ac]>L, ciL mut]yvyuh Eg]kRE
urmu xhgtikuh xHY]zdiKil viv>ic{i>i
uviDh adY]pi miv]ruh s>iy]yiuh p>m]Rm]
yiuh |>iuu ùt[ Edsc>izth, BUmis]zh
|tukL v]yiuvRuh aEnVSiuvRuh dZ]
eTut]f[. |zpk]>m]ky]l |o >il niESDnIy
m}]etyuh xk]>fh visVxnIym]yuh |>iut[
xHY]zdiKh tey]kuu.
|ni |o xHY]zdiKEyuh kUTi visVxi]et
\Epic{u kEyt]yivu ì>ie. aE]L |o
viSyiE[ pu>]fzpm]fL Ouh |e}]yi.
pie yuiyuh |tuve> nTuvvyuh zptY]nuBv
Ey]gYuh Ay nTpTikuh vue xhbic{u
AD]>zpm]fuh m]ztmvEsSiuh. |en En]u
t]yi>u]uh zbxVhvk, EdvxVh vk, gveu vk
zp]cIn my]h
64
mut]y xkvuuETyuh AdYjMim]R n]yRzpBu
(n]kzpBu)M]Rteeyu etiv]kuh. atieni
aTu aY]yil viv>iut]f[ .
`]l Emlpr yuYnuBvL, AD]>zpm]f
L |tukEyuh visVxi]et t]Em] ù
En]iy]l pie y]et]>vk]svuh EsSiyi} . jMi
kLuh >]j]M]Ruh zpBuLuh ARuhte
Oinuh avk]sh xii]et xktuh a>]jktVm]yi
k]siuh.
Ek>m]H]Y]di Emlprye pu>]fzpm]fueT
xVIk>fh aEnY]nYRuh e`kYmtYn]sLuh
muh k]>fm]yi>iuu. atuke \Epiutu
ek][ y]et]>u t>ETuh v>uv]ni}. mnuSYR[
x]D]>fm]yi \]yi>iEtuh zpkZtil
n]yM]R[ zpEtYkm]yi \]yi>iEtuh Ay
A]Bim]nh ARuh Ed]Se ecy{ut]yi
v>ikyi}.

zp]cIn my]h
65
aY]yh 4 - my]BUmi B]Rvnut}

"eevt>fY]iEf tu xuzbfY]E]E>
xHY]X]g>p>Yh sUR]k]>h vYvith"
(xHY]zdiKh \>]Rh)
aRh: "eevt>fiu etuh xuzbfYinu
vTuh xHYpRv{th tuTi xmuzdh ve>. at]ytu
xHY[ pTi]ruh xmuzdinu ki<um]yi[, murie
AkZtiyil kiTuu." |t]kuu B]RvBUmiyueT
atiRi niRyh.
B]RvN xVBUmiy]y |o i>uuhek][,
p diilni[ avieTvu t]mxiu zb]fE>]T[
"w]N niL[ BUmi t>ikyi}; niL `}]yiTuh
y]ckM]>]yi Bviuh" ù mut]yi spic{E]L
avR By[ s]pEm]inEpic{u. ìuh aEHh
xVBUmiey avRu ek]Tuukyie}u xi]
e viT]et \ric{uhek][ kiyugm]kuE]L niL,
"axizp]vnI]En s}]GnIy] BviSY"
(xHY]zdiKh)
aRh: "axizph ` [ s}]GnIyM]
>]yi BviiN".
ìen pr[ tivit]yi k]futin]uh
A s]pEm]zpk]>h A zb]fR vuEcRt[ |o
zp]cIn my]h
66
my]BUmiyi]kek]uh |viTh B]RvEte}u
etiyuu.
xm]D]nh: |o my]ie zb]fR s]ph ~uh
s]pEm]zpk]>vuh vv>]ef[ prv]N p]Ti} . s]p
EmiuvR B]RvN przpk]>h axizp]vniyil
Ep]yi>iuh. A h Ever `vieTEy] Ayi>i]h.
niESDh: |o zb]fR AdYh vTN zpEdsil
mhgpu>h pu<yueT vTE>Ey]h vuniru.
an>h vuh, Bvnvuh, nitYvZim]Rvuh |}]et
ndIm]RUeT mevh nirukviu v>uE]e
tiii>i zpvHic{[ etE]ute v>iky]l |o
zpEdsu vuEc>uv]En |TyuU. ùteyum},
kuzBM]>]yi >]ms]pHtM]>]yi>iu |vR
(zb]fR) sUzd]ni>tM]>]yiu sUimti (mhgpu>h
\]Npu<) kT[ difknY]kum]>iyil agYkUT
vuh n]ykM]e>u zpxii aTv>]yi>iu zpBu
uh \iTm]y dif (etN) diiE[ pureu
ec[ aEnkviDh zpvRikL eeke][ k]Eph
ecy[tuvu ù Ti xHY]zdiKil pri>i
yuh ecy{uu. my]zdim]H]Yh ` zgil |o
my]BUmiyueT atiRieyuric{[ |en pri
>iuu:
"myEzk]QBUEmu xIm]EtVn viniit]
pyxViYu>xY]u diEf tu kum]>ik]
pURv{xIm] tu gi>i>]y piEmhbuDi"
zp]cIn my]h
67
vT[ k]E>]upu<yuh et[ knY]kum]>iyuh
ki<[ mypRv{tvuh pTi]r[ xmuzdvuh." Ti zgil
atie Ep>iEnyuh B>feyuh kuric{[ t]e< pryuh
zpk]>h k]fuu.
"axiHx[eet >ittV]l zpBuBiR]kn]meek
axip>ittV]c{ axizpm]gmt["
aRh" eekyil (O<iy]et) v]uv>]yi n]yk
M]e> zpBuM]>l `}yiE]<uh B>ieTuky]uh
v]LzpEy]gvuh atiE[ aDikc]tu>Yzpk]>vuh \
tin]uh (|o my]BUmi[) axizph ù n]mh
xiic{u." |o k]>f]l B]RvBUmi k]E>]upu<
mutl etE]u zpEdsm]efuh my]BUmi
k]E>]upu< mutl vTE]u zpEdsm]efuh |t[
my]in]yR zpBuM]R[ xVm]yiut]efuh
etiyuu.
`]l,
"............. zpti] x]DitV] tVy]
tx[m]u >]jYB]>VpYBiESkVmRHxi"
(Ek. m. a. 9)
aRh: aEeT zpti x]Dic{u. atuek][
aBiESkinuh >]jYB]>inuh aute aRHn]
kuu.."
ìen ztimURikuh xk EdvM]>uh Sikuh
kUTi B]RvEn]T[ przpk]>h aEHh,
zp]cIn my]h
68
"ctuSiteemRzg]eemRbZHdY]h xm]gt
Ek>Y]h B]REv] >]m xmYzg]jYh zps]xti
ztipW]sXHzx]fi vRS]fi c BZgUm
y]vd[ Eg]kRp>Y]h t]vt[ knY]kum]>ik]h
>]Em >]jYh zps]xti DREf pZivImim]h"'
(Ek. m]. a. 54)
aRh: "arupin]u zg]m]E>]Tuh kUTi
ep>uu<l vuEcR[ Eg]kRh mutl knY]kum]>i
Ey]h \ >]jYe aNpimUv]yi>h vRSh DR
E]eT p>ip]ic{i>uu" ù k]fuu. A iti[
aEHie Ep>il E>K]zpm]fL D]>]h \]yi
>iEt]f[ . azpk]>h k]fuie}utey},
my]n]Tukil O]y ti>uvit]hkU!R BUmite
p]>vkE]h p]>vk Oi, p]>vk k]fh,
p]>vk p]h, ep>uhep[, vi>ui]h, putuvl p]h,
k<k]h, dRG]x[ p]h, en]h, xW]y]h,
Et]l]h, vi>ui Oup]ti]h, EmetTuu p]h,
Et]lp]h, pyiup]h, ev<ivup]h, k>iUrup]h,
p]l]yxmh vk pi<y]]h, viup]h, ku
kZSivk]h, kukkZSi vk]h, Emlk]fh,
xEth, tu>h, kuTiyi>i[, kuTuhbe]ruti, ti>umuK
|ryii, a>uiryii, kuTuhbvi>ui, c]Evuvi>ui,
kuuvi>ui, ek]Tuvi>ui, ku<lvi>ui, ek]u
vi>ui, vuvi>ui, vWivi>ui, Anvi>ui, m]
vi>ui, s]ivi>ui, kyruvi>ui, tivi>ui,
cuuvi>ui, k<kvi>ui, p]uvi>ui, p]uvi>ui,
p]eTuuvi>ui, kI<]vi>ui, ecupfivi>ui,
zp]cIn my]h
69
kurvi>ui, O]TM]Rvi>ui, shKuvi>ui, mH]B]>th
v]y[puvi>ui, nTk]vlvi>ui, evTivi>ui,
anuEB]gvi>ui, p>isvi>ui, kc{vi>ui, mui
vi>ui, muivkpTi, p<hEc]uvi>ui, \o<iyvi>ui,
|ryiin]y>uvi>ui, m]niBh, aRm]niBh, k>em]<iv[
xRv{ m]niBh, zbd]yh, Edvd]yh, vvi>ui, mzph,
n]vnzph, dV]dsizph, \h, \By\h, \Tm \h,
jp[ti, ayl, yN \Le ayl, aTim, anuBvh,
ti>uvih, ti>uaTy]h, gu>udif, mpurtIRc{,
mv]>h, viEmTi, aTiyr]h, >]EB]gh, d]n
zpm]fh, ep]iuk]>], EnRk]>], k]>],
aiEr[, tIr[, viEy], v]Ey], zkys]xnh, Ec>]
Oi, mI]ev]i, |T]>]<[m, vc{ up]tik]>]<[m,
aWu>uk]>]<[m, ku<i]>]<[m, Em]<[m, nTuurnuBvh,
nTuuruv]Ey], k]f]h, Oi, \<vup]h, \<Ev],
\<ev]i, pEy], m]>]yh, ae]i, Ene>]i, EnRp]h,
cie]i, r]ev]i, Eme]i, Ek]T]i]fi, p>Y]T[,
pfyh, EnRpfyh, cUifyh, ci<ifyh, m]>]y
]h, p]Oi, m]r]]h, k]>]]h, vc{ up]ti]h,
kuTi]ti]h, O<iy]]h, v>Tk]h, evFp]h,
ep>u]Eh, p]tiv]>h, viup]ti, viiukic{u
p]ti, |up]ti]h, eekey]>Up]ti, Oiyuh kuuTuxV>Uphvk vi>ui,
p]iyu EmnvNvk vi>ui |en mup
|ni]yi]f[ k]feTut[.
zp]cIn my]h
70
xm]D]nh: |E]L p |ni]yii>iuu
eyiuh |o BUmi muNprEp]e AdYh p>su>]m
xV]yium]zth OE> |niuh p>su>]mn]l p]i
euh |>ui>uu. an>h aEHh arupin]u
zg]miu zb]fe> v>ui pUjic{[ avR]yi[
Ek>BUmi mu<uvnuh d]nhecy[tu. |zpk]>h zb]fRu
ek]TutieEsSh A zb]f>ueT >u okik
m]yuh eevdikm]yuh Evu k]>Ye nTutinu
niymie jnuETyuh >]j]M]>uETyuh mziku
eTyuh muh \pjIvn]Rm]yuh Edv]yLu
Eviyuh vkvc{uti>ic{uek]Tunimih Emlzpk]>h
p |ni]yiut]f[.
niESDh: mu |n]ku xVp>if]mE]Tuh
muinie aB]vE]TuhkUTi i>e[ O]yuh
ep]tuv]yuh\ O>inh \]yi>ifemutu
niym]kek][ |o p |nuh v m]Rh piTic{u
En]iec{]l `}]ieyuh O]y mU]ne
s>iy]yi kupiTi]emu v>uh. atin]l muil
k]fie |ne xhbic{[ xhsynivZi
v>utuve> (EviTE]h) O]E>]ien Ayiu
piTic{uEn]i aE]uec}]h. atinu m]Rh
E>K]zpm]fL Akuu. |vieT E>K]zpm]fL
ù pri>iutu Ek>E]lpikL, Ek>
m]H]Yh, j]tiniRyh mut]y zge Aef[
A>uh mni]iy>ut[. avey}]h O]E>] \EsY
nivZi]yi `<uti \]evy]f[. aen
`<uti \]ut[ (1) v]vh evieTu]N m]ztvuh
zp]cIn my]h
71
(2) xV]Rp>t nimih |}[]vey kZztimm]yi
`<utiEc{Ru v]ve mrc{ [ kuipU>fh x]Diu
tinu m]ztvuh Ayi>iuh. Ek>E]lpikL
mut]yv >]mtu prye EsK>il \vy]f[.
|tukil muNk]fic{ Ep]e vue xhbic{[
ariEyt]y O>u viv>vuh |}. Aky]l atukL
y]R aEnVSfviB]gil eekek]uet]T]N
Ep]uh ek]ukyi}.
|ni muNprEp]e >]j]M]R mzim]R zpBu
M]R mut]yv>ueTyuh EdvxVh zbxVh mut]yv
yiEyuh xkecvukLuh Evuet}]h at]
tiu vk |riyiu vuilniute \]
kfh. \]kutinu EdHh nTfh. EdHh
nTutin[ aveykUTi y]nvM]>]y jne
~ifh. aen ~iuE]L ve> jnuh
vuuh \]kek][ `vieT, `zpk]>mu vu
vien A>[ , AR[ èn ek]Tuu ùmut]y
viv>L ariyutinu E>K]zpm]fh Evfh.
]nmriu k>hek]Tuutinu `<utie]Tu
u jMiyueT Ep>uh k>hek]Tu]ph v>ui
Ec{]di, nTpTikL nTuk |tukL[ `<utiv]i
u \<ve Ep>uh vu kiTuh ariyutinu
Edsh mut]yvyueT viv>vuh ati>ukT[ anYEtil
ec}]et |>i]nuh aEetriu mu<uvniuh
zpEvsi]nuh Evi ùkkuh |zteyriu k>h
niyiutiE[ avuh aE]<E]L k]>f]>
vs]l p viDil pm]ti>i avk]suh
zp]cIn my]h
72
xiic{uek]u p>uh avk]sik]yi vEuemu
tin]l aTiTi Ep>um]ri v>uE]L muNviv>Luh
vuvinuh kuiT]et |>iutiEu vuvie
muinvuh (|]>ueT xVem[ AdY \Tme EpR
k]fil) \Tmnu xiic{ m]Rvuh avk]sie
avuh muh E>K]zpm]fil (AD]>il) k]fic{ u
ek]TUukyuh Evu `}] viv>Luh jMi]n
u kfukuh nTiutuh nTutuh Ay
xhgtikL[ y]Rm]yi zgv>iyuh \]i
vukyuh ecy{utu p>ip]nkR]M]Ru ptiv]
fE}]. |vieT v]vh kupiTiutin[ |ovk
zpm]f]kuu Evt[.
|zpk]>h AD]>L kfukL mut]y zpm]f
L p>iEs]Dic{ tie EsSh kuTikL, xR]R x]m
M]R, >]j]M]R, EdvxVL, DRmL, |tukil
y]et]iEyuh muinL B]RvEEt] zb]f>u
ETEt] Ayiu k]fui}. xmvuh my]in]yR
zpBuueT vky]yiu m]ztm]fu k]fut[.
xm]D]nh: atu p>su>]mN zb]fsuzsUSu
Evi p>Edsuniuh v>ui aTimk]i p]Ri
evR ae}il xVRuniuh B]Rvn]l ek]u
v>e zIkil zb]fRujnic{vR Ay sUzdR
anY]ym]yi xkvuh apH>ic{[ aDIni]iy
tin]l A k]h mutl[ av>ueT Ep>il |zpk]>h
E>K]zpm]fL \]v]N |Ty]yt[ . a}]et pURv{
itiyil aen Ayi>ui}.
zp]cIn my]h
73
niESDh: `]l |T][ avR eekvseTu
utinumu[ \t]y zpm]fL zb]f>ueT
pl k]Eft]f[ . zpm]fEyuh sUzdR apH>ic{u
nsiic{uku ìl sUzdb]Dkm]yuh zb]f
x]Dkm]yuh pryu Ek>m]H]Yh, Ek>E]lpi
kL mut]y xkzpm]fuhkUTi avR (sUzdR)
apH>ic{u nsiiEt]yi>uu. azpk]>h k]fui
}]tuek]uh Avk zpm]fL zb]f>ueT
pl ùtey} sUzd>ueT aDIniuh ti>Zt
]k]et zptYm]yi k]fukek]uh apH>ic{u
ù pryutu tIe> s>iy}.
B]RvN BUmiey \]i >]yi[ >]j]M]e>yuh
suzsUS]dikL[ sUzdE>yuh muv[ muvE>yuh
niymic{ [ `} ]h xum]r]i mH]zb]fR[ d]nh
ecy[tt]yi]fE}] pryut[. `]l |tiniTu
sUzdR[ apH>i]N xok>Yvuh siyuh tIe>
|}]yi>uu ùh atilpiIT[ zb]f>uh >]j]
M]>uh ve> \yRuh sUzdR aTimkueT niyil ve>
t]<[uh |>ui>uEtyuU ùh Ek>m]H]Yh,
Ek>E]lpi mut]y zgL O>ieiuh
v]yic{iuvR[ n}Ep]e ariy]emutuh Eml
zpk]>h avR (sUzdR) y]et]>u azkmuh ecy[tiu
t]yi[ O>u zpm]fiuh k]fui}]tuh Akuu.
a}]etyuh aTimk]yuh axVtz>]yuh
anDik]>ik]yuh axM]>]yuh asM]>]yuh
|>u sUzdR |tuke èn apH>ic{u? aE]L
xV]mim]>uh xM]>uh xVtzM]>uh sM]>uh
zp]cIn my]h
74
Ayi>u zb]fR ìn]yi[ ~tuviDil avey
viuku?
xm]D]nh: zb]fR Azsitv]XYhek]uh
\pk]>x[m>fek]uh sUzd>il pRuh |T]il
zpButVeyuh ]nm]neyuh ek]Tuu. avR
k]zkEmf zpbM]>]yi mu sUzdE>yuh
aDIni]i `}]h apH>iukyuh aen
vuL zb]f>ilniuh eekviuEp]kukyuh
ecy[tu.
niESDh: ìl sUzdR eek]i ùpryu
BUmikueT |TieT ve> n]yuh eekv]inuh
`ztEy] vuL zbxVh vky]yi kiTuu[.
avy[e]eyuh |uve>yuh jMim]R zb]f>uh
O<vM]R sUzd>uh te Ayi>iuu. `]l avey
UTi A zpbM]>]y sUzdR[ apH>i>ut]
yi>uE]?
xm]D]nh: A vuueT jMim]>]y zb]fR A
sUzdE>]uh zp]bYvuh siyuh \v>]yi>u
tin]l azpk]>h piyi}.
niESDh: ìl A zpbM]>]yi>u jMim]Ru
te sUzdE>]L |ztE]h siyu]yi>u
iti[ av>uh mu zb]f>uh O>umic{ukUTi sUzde>
diuviu pr]m]yi>uE}]. aE]L avR |o
azkme ecyi}]yi>uE}].
zp]cIn my]h
75
xm]D]nh: muv>uETt[ apH>ic{uk<iE]L
mtieynuh EsSh jMikuETt[ Eveuh evc{i]f[.
niESDh: ìl epe[ avR |zpk]>h O>u
vi>iEt]uv]N k]>fem[ ? |tuxhbm]yi t]e<
ryu zpm]fh En]uk.
"v]xniv]>kEzpSYv]kYExY]c{]>fh mi
poRv{ ]pE>Yf tuEY]yh DRE] BuEdvsUzdEy]
b]HuEj]>ujvR]n]h BUEdEvpi knIyxi
AgEt xdZEs] DR zptYu]n]Biv]dEn
>]mEEzt tu sUzdxY n]Biv]d |ti iti
x tl]Enih ku>Y]diti B]Rvs]xnh
b]HuEj]>ujEy]RRzIkRp>iniit
anYzt B]RvEzt]l x]D]>f |ti x[ mZt
b]Huj]hzGijEy]RRY]Eg] eevk} bYEt] vin]
zp]f]n]h zb]fxY]RE x]D]>f \d]HZt
\o>uj]hzGijEy]RduRv{]vnh itivRnh
zp]ftY]Eg] gv]RE c DR]D]>fzikh"
(s]>x[mZti, a.1, p]dh 1)
viEsSic{uh my]iE[ zpEtYkm]yiu x[mZti
zpm]fh |vieT nT]iyi>iutin]l muNpr
zpk]>h sUzdR O>iuh zbxVe apH>ic{i>iyi}.
xm]D]nh: avR du>]syuh doYvuh nimih
zpm]fEyuh nY]yEyuh hGic{[ azpk]>h ecy[tu
ku.
zp]cIn my]h
76
niESDh: aen ecy[tvR zb]fsztuuh
p>mEzd]Hikuh mH]duM]>um]yi>ifh. A minu
zb]fR[ avE>]Tuh avR[ zb]fE>]Tuh
visV]xvuh aTuvuh x[EnHvuh Ad>vuh O>uk]uh
\]yi>i]niTyi}.
`]l |vR >u vk]>uh |o my]il
p]>>Ym]yi[ aEnY]nYh ~tuzpk]>m]f[ ep>um]ri
v>ut[? sUzdzIkL[ zb]fR xhbh ecy{ut[
`ztyuh n}t]ef[ vic]>ic{[ mi Bvniuh
ave>e]u te xhbh ecy{iic{ [ aen
nTuv>uu. sUzd |TzpBuM]>ueT (ky[mL, pfiR
mut]yv>ueT) Bvnil xmj]ti]R p]Ti}.
|uve>yuh nTuh azpk]>h tey]f[ . `]l
sUzdzIyil nUti>iu jnic{u]ku xti[ A
pit]vie xVil y]et]inuh avk]smi}. av]
A pit]v[ kui[ n]uk]sin[ v}tuh tIRic{[
|uEp]y]l "ay{Ey{] zbxVhvk y]et]uh
kuTuhbil Ek>uEt, trv]Tu muTiuEp]kuEm" ù
epuTyM]R pr[ Aytien me]>u zb]fn[ d]nh
eckUTi ptiv]f[ . pie BR]v]y nU>iv>uE]L
ay]E]Tu kUTi c]tim]>]yi >umUil kury]et
nU>im]>uh avR[ Ae]in[ O]E>]>uR
vItemiuh v]Y]>uh kUTi v>uh. zpEtYkh mvuh
kifruh kuvuh aTuyuh |}] trv]Tuk]R
my]u n]yM]Ru duR}Bm]f[. v>uvRe}]h
`ztk]emiuh t]mxi]vut]f[. a]i!l
evTi]yi[ x]]T[ , Etc{ukui, mu[ ùEv xk
zp]cIn my]h
77
ecvuh ek]Tuuh. pie et]tinuh piTic{tinuh `}]h
|ve>e][ kRh ecy{iuk, |vR[ dif
ek]Tuuk mut]yvyumu[. my]kuTuhbie
gZHizdh mutl nh, avm]nh, duRbuik]y xti
kL mut]y Aaplp]dL[ AdibIjh miv]ruh
zb]f>ueT zpEvsnm]f[. |en O>u mH]xu
kuTuhbil ìn]yieiuh |v>ueT zpEvsnh
s]KInibiQvipinil
9

9
m>L tiini[u vnil
Evnl][ k]utI
piTiu tuEp]eyuh tiRuek]<uunilu
kvZ il zpyk][ atikinm]y vzjp]th
\]ku tuEp]eyum]f[ . |zpk]>h my]u mi
trv]Tukuh nsic{uk<iuh nsic{uek]uh |>iuu.
ìuh trv]uTm>il zpD]nikL ci ni]>]y
du>Bim]nL nimih, anuBveuek]i>iu |o
Apilniuh >eTutinu zpyi]etyuh
atienuric{[ pryuvE>]T[ su axhb]y
xm]D]ne niR}h viiec{<uic{uek]uh
trv]ujMnik]yi jIviuu. |vR x]DuEyuh
gufEd]Siu Ey]gYM]E>yuh aYm]yiu vc]>i
uu ìuh zb]fE>]Tu m>Y]dyuv>]yi
eyi>iuu. ènyu nT]>]y]uh t>
ETi}], avE>]eT}]h sUzdzpBuM]REp]uh viiem]<i,
ti>uEmni, ti>umn[, kn, a>u]T[, k>i]Ti,
enlpti>[, ecuk]s[, k}>i, kum]Th, pTu<i,
p]eew[ , |ie]Ti, aTiEt]l, viTek]Lk,
p<mn[, nihep]uk, |r]N, aTiyN |tY]di t]<[m
zp]cIn my]h
78
v]ukL pruh atuEp]e Ac>ic{uh v>uu. pie
sUzdRu nU>im]>ueT xtik]kuu ù
OolkZYn]TYh aten; zb]fe>u ByBi
aet]>uvk; aM]e> Bi Ever]>u vk; viDi
kR]M]e>uh me]>uvk ùEv] O>u j]ti
]e>uric{[ me]>u j]ti]Ruh my]zb]fe>
uric{[ my]sUzdRutuEp]e yu BivisV]x
mi}]. |eny]kuu p]>>Ym]yi |vR tiu
ep>um]h. ci p>iS[ k]>ikL gufEd]Se zpEtYkh
k]fic{ [ \pEdsiu |o k][ |ztE]h
AyE]L "zb]Ef] mm eedvth"
10

10
zb]fN è eedvh `Rh
ù muruek
iTic{i>u muNk][ `ztm]ztm]yi>iuh! |en
yuvR zbxVh apH>ic{u ù pr]l atu
viy anY]ym]yie |>iuh.

zp]cIn my]h
79
aY]yh 5 - n]yM]>ueT
]nm]nd]t]L
B]RvEn] zb]fE>] a}

|ni k] Af[ n]yM]>ueT ]nm]nd]t]M]e>
u Ek>m]H]Y]di xi]ei AE]ci]h.
ky[mL, kR], pfiR, EmEn]N, |} h, xV>Uph,
pic{]N tuTiyu `}] n]yM]e>yuh ep]tuev
sUzd>]i gfic{[ av>il O]E>]>uRumu ]n
m]ne B]RvN ae}il zb]fR ek]Tut]yi
]f[ pryut[ . aEt]TuEcR[ ,
"x]m]n]h dVij]dIn]h n]yk p>ic]>k"
(Ek. m])
aRh: "n]yRvRh x]mM]Ruh dVijM]Ruh
p>ic]>kM]>]kuu" ù niymvuh \[. xV]mim]>]y
zpBuL aTimk]y d]xM]>il ciRE] pRuEm]
Ake ep>umyuh ]nm]nuh ek]Tuut]yi
>u]l Ayt[ ìn]yi>iuh? A d]xM]R A
zpBuM]E>]L t]<[ itiyil |>iutiEn]
avE>]T[ tuYM]>]kutiEn] ave>]L ve>
\titiyil AkutiEn]?
t]<[ itiyile |>i]n]efil AdYh
tuTi azpk]>h |>uuv>utin]l atiE]yiu
viEsSiec{]uh zpvRifemi}.
zp]cIn my]h
80
tuY]vyii>i]n]efil azpk]>mi>uiu
y]et]>u zpEy]jnvuh \]v]ni}. a}]etyuh
atiMh ecy{ut[ A d]xM]R aEpic{iE]
azpk]>h ecy[tuek]Tu]em[ zpBuM]>ueT \il
te tniey Et]iyiE]? ~tuviDm]y]uh at[
E]kx]D]>fm}. |en ]nm]ne d]xM]R
b]l]>m]yi[ `Tuuek]t]efu ni>Upiu
ph Ayt[ s>iy]kie}u muY]yil k]fic{i
u[.
xm]D]nh: O]E>] mH]jnh t]<[ niyiu
aEnkh EpR[ ]nm]nL ek]Tuiut]yi
EkLviyuh aen pu>]tnk]h tuTi nTuh \[.
niESDh: 1. ]nm]nxhB]vnyuh zp]p[ tiyuh tl
xhbm]y O>uuh zpvZikuh p zpk]>i
umu[. O>u >]jkuTuhbiE[ A kuTuhbiuEt]
a}]ph Ever O>u kuTuhbiuEt] Ay
O>]ien ph ekEt]yuh muh v>uE]L AytiEu
Evuvey}]h zpvRic{u k]>Yh nirEvutin[
~ReTue[ Ad]yh pi p]>>Ym]yi v]fuv>u
puE>]HitR, jnzpD]nikL mut]yvR OuEcR[
Avk zkiykL zkmzpk]>h nTuk. at]tu zpBuM]
>uETyuh av>v>ueT ]nieyuh n]mh, Ac]>h,
|tY]diek][ A AL | vR]>en[ ariyuk.
2. O>u >]jYilte eevdikviSyiEu
Eztil nid]nkZtY]y pUj]dikuh viEsSkZtY
]y \Xv]dikuh niTuE]L aviTe k]>Y
zp]cIn my]h
81
vic]>in]yi niymie[ ptivu Ad]yh xVIk>ic{u
ek]i>iu \o>]]R mutyv>uh, azpk]>h
te okikviSyxhbm]yi niymie kEc{>i
mut]y iu \EdY]gM]>uh, A >]jY
ie zpD]niy]y zpBuvinuh azpD]nik]y
tLuh tiu av]t]>tmYh nimih
nTuv>utuh ExvYExvkB]ve xUciiutuh
Ay p zpk]>iu kZtYe Evt]y
xRBil nTukyuh zpBu xVIk>iukyuh ecy{uk.
3. zpBuv]yuvN Ey]gYtuh xRv{Ixinuh t
vh jnil ciRuh \EdY]gM]Ruh ]n
m]nL ek]Tuuk.
|tukil Ouh >uh ExvY]niuvR[
av>ueT aDIniuh >yiuh |>iu Exvk
]niuvR ecy[tuv>u kTmkuh mU]mtu
pryet[ ExvYM]R ExvkR[ ek]Tuu ]n
m]nvuh Akuu. ìuh muNpr zpk]>h ]nm]nh
v]uvR x]D]>f \v>ilni[ Em]y O>u
viEsS]ni]yi `} ]et ]nm]nh ek]Tu
AiEn]L Em]y pdviyil O>iuh Akui}.
|ni |o my]il B]Rvne}il zb]fR
ek]Tut]yi pryeTuvyuh n]yM]Ruvyum]y
ci ]nm]nee |vieT ciic{uEn]]h.
Eztil \Xv]di aTiyi>L[ A
e n]yRzpBuvien zb]fR, kUhkUTi nilu
E]L tieTuuek]uv>ikyuh A zpBu A
zp]cIn my]h
82
zb]fxdie zpD]n azg]xnii>iyuh
AYR, eevdikR mut]yvE>]T[ y]zkmmi>uu
ek]uv]N A]piyuh azpk]>mv>nuic{ u
ek]ukyuh ecy{uk.
Eztil ek]TiEyru divxh n]yR ]ni
v]Hn]>Un]yi vu m]nY]nii>u]l
an>h zb]fR niuhek][ zpBuviEn]T[
anuv]dinEpiukyuh Bic{EsSh |>iyuh
ecy{uk.
Eztil \Xvin[ zb]fR x]D]>f
jnueT EsK>il nilEv n]yRzpBu
tilkyri av>ueT mEYkUTi Eztinku
virukyuh AdYh t]N Ex]p]nil kyri
et]<ukyuh aE]L akunilu ni, Edve
pIil muNkUi vc{i>iu evi, p][ , pfh
|tuke `Tuu difEp]e ek]Tuukyuh zpBu
Aytien v]ie][ |ni zb]fR mut]yi `}]
Ep>uh et]<utuek]e `[ A]piukyuh
an>h `}]Ep>uh et]<ukyuh ecy{uk.
zb]f>ueT viv]Hh mut]y aTiyi>L[ A
e n]yR]niyueT Bvnil aTiyi>]>N
zb]fN evie[ ek]uvc{[ "aTiyi>u
v[ `}]h sheki nTutinu piT]k]Ruh
nTuek]utin[ wLuh anuv]dmu]kfh"
`[ aEpiukyuh azpk]>h ecy[ttinuEsSh
m]zth k]>Yh nTukyuh ecy{uk.
zp]cIn my]h
83
Eztil ek]TiEyuxmy[ aviTe n]yR
]ni v} k]>n]uh ve]ti>uu Ep]y]l
"|viTe n]N vuEcRE]?" `[ mu Ezt]Di
k]>ikL Ad>Ev]TukUTi \c{il viic{uEc]diukyuh
vt]yritinuEml m]zth ek]TiEyukyuh ecy{uk.
zb]fR Evdh aBYxic{u p>Iek]Tu]n]yi[
H]j>]y]l Ezt \Tmn]y n]yRzpBu p>Ikn]
yi>uuek][ p>Iiukyuh jyiuph Au
Et]ruh Ayi>r en}uh m[ Ad]yuh ek]Tu[
ay]e A Eztie O>u \o>]]ni]
ukyuh Et]uEp]kueil apm]nic{[ Ain>
kTi O]Tiukyuh ecy{uk.
|o \d]H>fil bHum]nieTuve>}]h
at]tu Edsie zpm]nik]y n]yRzpBu
M]>uh bHum]niuve>}]h at]tu ie
muNprye zpm]nikueT aDInii>iuv
>]y mu zpBuM]>uh \o>]]>]y zb]f>u
m]kuu.
|zpk]>h n]yR |TzpBuM]>ueT xVm]yuh
av>ueT >yiuh |>ui>u |o my]n]il
O]E>]E>]Edsiuh Emlk]fic{zpk]>h ExvYExvk
B]ve ariyiuv>]y ~R]Tukuh nTpTikuh
xVEBdgtikE]TukUTiyvy]yiu[ . Emlpr \d]H>
fL ~eruer xuzpxi]kuu. |en |niyuh
Ouve> prv]nu[; avey aTu pukil
viv>ic{ uek]]h.
zp]cIn my]h
84
aY]yh 6 - n]yM]>ueT OolkZYvuh
my]BUmiu av>ueT
\Tm]vk]svuh

AdYh zb]f>ueT OolkZYEyuh sUzd>ueT
eenkZYEyuh k]fiut]y av>ueT aEnY]nY
ep>um]e pru. an>h sUzd>ueT OolkZY
Eyuh zb]f>ueT eenkZYuaEyuh k]fiu
kZtYe pru. |tukil zb]f>ueT ep>um
Eyyuh (EmMEyyuh) sUzd>ueT t]<[mEyyuh kuric{[ pryu
tien `}]h zb]fp>m]yi>iu Ek>E]lpikL,
Ek>m]H]Yh mut]yv t]uu[. sUzd>ueT
EmMEyyuh zb]f>ueT t]<[meyyuh kuric{[ pryu
xhgtike Oeyuh `}]Ep>uh xtic{i>iu
AD]>zpm]fuh yuYnuBvuh t]uu[.
|tukil AdYe B]gh s>iy]efil >]me
(viDvuh) B]gvuh >]me B]gh s>iy]yi>iu
ph AdYe (O]me) B]gvuh v]vm]yi v>]N
p]Ti}.
O]me pil EcR B]Rvzb]f
kIRnuh tlzpm]fuh zsutiyuYnuBv
Luh O]etyuh Kieuh Ep]ytuek][
AD]>zpm]fLuh yuYnuBvLuh s>iyii>i
u >]hB]gee v]vm]yuetu niyi
Et]yi>iuu. azpk]>m]kuE]L my]BUmiyuh
xk vuuh n]yM]Ru m]ztmut]yiE |>i]N
zp]cIn my]h
85
p]Tuu. aE]L my]zb]f>ueT vuuh
]nm]nuh xkvuh sUzd>ueT vky]yiuh avR
|o zb]fRu ek]Tut]yiuh teyi>ifh.
ae}il |o zb]f>uh sUzdRtey]kuu ùh
me]>u zpk]>ium]v]N p]Tie}u v>uh.
`]l |ni zb]f>ueT vuuh pdvikuh kUTi
Emlprzpk]>h sUzdRut]yiuh avR |o
zb]fRu ek]Tut]yiuh teyi>iuE];
a}]ph my]zb]fR ù pryeTuv>uh
sUzdRtey]efu k]siuE]? >uzpk]>i
Et]kuu s>i ù En]]:
my]zb]fR `]l my]ie zb]fR
`[ aRm]kuu. my]ie zb]fe>ti
Rh my]il jnic{u v]<uve>E] anYEds
ilniu vu t]mxiuve>E]? my]BUmi
yu]yEsSh AdYm]yiu avieT zb]fe>e]>u
vk]>u]yi>uie}u zpm]fxim]ky]l jnic{u
v]<uve>u prv]N p]Ti}. p>Edsilniu vu
t]mxiuve>]ku ph zb]fj]tiyiu
aEnkvR]R my]u vu t]mxic{u v>uu[ .
av>i]Ruh my]sh Ec>ukEy] EcRukEy]
ecy[tii}]. |vieTniu Biu Ad]yiEn]Tu
x[EnHmueiuh my]se xVj]tin]mE]Tu
EcRu k]>Yil pRuh evruute. zsvf
m]ztilE]uh evruuEt]u vk]R D]>]mie}
i}. p>Edszb]fe>}]Ep>uh pE]<yi[ tniey
viuv>uh yEh xVEdsuh my]uum]yiu
zp]cIn my]h
86
gt]tgh ecy[tuek]i>iuv>um]ky]l my]>]k]
t]f[. AdYhvvR azpk]>muv>} ]. B]RvN
Ep]yi fic{uek]uvu BUmiyuh ek]Tuu xVEds
m]y p>Eds[ O>u n]uh Ep]k]N p]Ti}]
viDiu ~R]Tukuh ecy[tu |vieTe v]]yiE]yt]fu, ìen pry]emu
vc{]l B]RvN ek]uvu ùh mumu xk
xhgtikuh |tinu muute Kieu Ep]yi>i
utin]l Aytinuh p]Ti}.
a}]etyuh 'my]'emuh 'zb]f'enuh >u
v]uvyil AdYEtu pzu tmi<un]Tukie]
]y |o my]BUmiyueT Ep>]ky]l my]B]S
yiuutuh >]mEtu (zb]fsh) my]B]S
Ey]Tu EcRt}]tuh zb]vRiu]ytuh
A>Y]vRh mu<uvnuh D]>]h nTutum]ky]l
xhZtB]Syil EcRtum]kuu.
|zpk]>h my]n]Tuh zb]fsvuh aEnY]nYh
ve> dU>i]ky]l zb]fsie Edsu
my]n]Tuh my]n]il zb]fsvuh v>uv]N
p]Ti}. >u suh EcRu, 'my]zb]fR'
è]>u v]u \]yi |o n]il ve>]m]yiu
nTil vi>iy]l |tiEu ~etiuh m]Rvuh
AvsYvuh kUT]et k<ikyie}utu niyhte.
`]l atieni aEnVSfh ecy[t]l t]e<
k]fiuvy}]et mu y]et]>u m]Rvuh AvsYvuh
atinie}u tIRc{eTuu.
zp]cIn my]h
87
zb]fR |vieT vuEc>utinu muEte |vieT
(my]il) xVm]yi[ O>uvk AukL \]yi>uu
ùh AyvR ve> bvM]>uh x]mRYs]ikuh
xd]c]>DRtlp>M]>uh xlgufx>uh eeD>Y
s]ikuh Ayi>uuevuh avRte |o BUmiey
p>ip]ic{uvu ùh aenyi>iEv zb]fR
d]>izdnivZiey k>uti pe]<uh kUhkUm]yi[ |vieT
vuEc>ukyuh av>ueT nTpTikuh xVB]vuh
piTi]y]l a<E]L xVEdsikl (n]ykM]R)
ave> tu>i O]Tiyuh `]yiuh Ever gtiyi}]
y]l avR p>uh p xzd]yuh ek]u
xUztil vu pE>yuh pzpk]>il zpItieTu
ukyuh |en zkEmf |viTe t]mxinu t>h
x]diukyuh ecy[tu ùh xhZth, |hg}iS[
mut]y B]Skie n} kvikeuric{[ aBinv
k]id]xenuh |NQYN ESk[Iye>uh muh
p>yutuEp]e A k][ |o my]u]
yi>uv>ueT avEy]Tu tuY]m]yiE] atien]L
\p>iy]yiE] |>iutien kuh ènyuh Emlu
Eml zpItiey x]diutinuEviyuh bHum]n
xUckm]yi[ A (vi>u) zb]fRte |zpk]>h
'my]zb]fR' ù viic{utuTukyuh |vR
atien xVIk>ic{uEp]>ikyuh ecy[tiut]kuu ù
m]f[ |tie v]vh. Emlpr xhgtike t]e<
k]fiu zpm]fL mu<uvN x]Duk>iuu.
'n]k]REv{ xm]gtY zsImU]nmEp,
ctuS[Sitm] n]k] vyEmv n xhsy
zp]cIn my]h
88
v>ufu pu>]x[m]kh dv]N dVijxm]
xmuzd]E c y] BUmiRj]t] EcMm s]xn]l
n]EkBY my]d] mEHxY viES]l>h
n]k]n]h s]xn]Edv niv]>ytu EdHjh.
viSHIns>IE>]BUl]E Etjx] yut
tx[m]dx[m]kEmv]su Ek>h BUmimh
n dIyEt c yuS[m]BiRRyiSY]mEH viSh
ctuS[SitEm zg]Em xRv{h >]jxu kuREH,
B]Rvh zp]H Bgv]N n]>Ed] muniv} B
ctuR]h ]nmezetv ~kB]g dIyt]h.
n]>dxY vczutV] B]REv] dv]N dVieej
y]vl Eg]kRp>Yh t]vl knY]kum]>ik]
zg]EmSu EztEg]S[ ESu BvEnSu mm]y]
ctuR]EmkB]g n]EkBY zpyti"
(Ek. m]. a. 88)
aRh: "n]kM]e>}]v>uh kUTiEc{ Ru zsImU]n
mpil zpEvsic{[ a}Ey] dVijxmM]E>! wL
zg]m]>]y n]kM]>]kuu; xhsymi}] (xhsyi
E). |o BUmi v>ufN pu wLu tt]kuu
(èney]l) è (v>ufe) Animih
xmuzdiu]y BUmiey w]N n]kM]R]yiu
ek]Tui>iuu. è s>I>iu]y BUmiey w]N
n]kM]R]yiu ek]Tui>iuu. è s>I>iu]
yi>iu viSvRn |o n]ykM]>ueT s]xn ek]u
te smie (smiuh); |zpk]>h ek]TuE]L viS
HIns>I>n]yi EtEj]myn]yiBviyuhecy[tu. atu
ek][ |o BUmi wLututey]f[. |o Ek>
zp]cIn my]h
89
BUme tlfh |E]u viutie}uv>ikil
64 zg]miuh viSe pureTuviuu[. |en
prE]L s>iy]yiu n]ie]>uB]gh (Eg]kRh
mutl knY]kum]>ive>) avRu ek]Tuut]f[ n}t[
ù B]RvEn]Tu n]>dN prtuEk[ B]RvN `}]
vuilniuh n]ie]>u B]gh zb]fe>e]u
ek]Tuic{ u.'
ìE] pu zb]fn>u]l akTTic{u
ek]uh, `hek]T]eeke}]h ep]ivuviu,
piNv]ie]Lvut]kev, xmuzd>]jn]yi>ie]>u
v>uf>]jN mki<[vuu t]en t]N epu ek]Tuutuh
ecy[tu.
~iE] aTuTy n]k]M]>E}] Akut[ .
avRE}] Adik]E v>ufN O>u nUeu k]th
ek] tr mu<uvtuh ek]Tuu ù ec]}iytu.'
"ae>uh Ek]u n]kE>] cI pTiy]k mH]duh
zb]fRu vsm}]u;
k]riTiey]uc{I>imi<i, ETimu<uu, eeke]
tui, kurcu>ui, ytu t]<[i, ]th viu
fiyuhviu ]Tuviuh, ]nhviu, |>vil t]en
mUc{uviT]et]rvu p<y Ek>]E]lpi)
"xUR]dudk]]t]" (nir jil niu]
ytu) (Ek>m]H]Yh).
zp]cIn my]h
90
Ek>h: yd[ (y]et]u) Ek (jE) >ti (>]jti):
y]et]u evil Es]BiuuEv] atu Ek>h.
(Ek>vi]xh).
"xmuzdh O>uk]u zkEmf muE]u \ohviu
pTi]Er]u m]riyE]L xmuzd>]jn]y v>uf>]jN
t]En t]N eptu" (xmuzdh nIiyE]L avieT
k]fetu) (O>u p<y Ek>E]lpi).
"B]RvN v>ufen Exvic{u tpuecy[tu BUmI
Edviey vic{[ (xmuzdilni[) nUruptuk]th BUmiey
\]i" (Ever O>u Ek>E]lpi).
|o zpm]f]l |o BUmi, xmuzdh kiTi>u h
at]ytu kTleev[ Akuu ù visdm]kuu.
"v>ufu pu>]x[m]kh dv]Munixm"
(Ek>m]H]Yh)
aRh: v>ufn]kE pupE wLu tu
Ep]yiut]kuu."
"tx[m]dx[m]kEmv" - (Ek>m]H]Yh)
aRh: "atin]l wLututey]fu" ù
n]kM]>uh; atien xtic{[,
"n]EkBY my] d]"(Ek>m]H]Yh)
aRh: "n]kM]R]yiu w]N ek]Tui>iuu"
ù v>ufnuh pri>iutin]uh,
zp]cIn my]h
91
"~iE] aTuTy n]k]M]>E}] Akut[;
avReE}] Adik]e v>ufN O>u nUruptuk]th
ek] tr mu<uvtuh ek]Tuu ù ec]}iytu.
ù muNpr Ek>E]lpiv]kYh ek]uh
n]kM]R kTleev]y |o BUmiyueT AdYe \Ty
]>uh eekvs]>uh |o kTleevu]kutinu mu[
xmuzdE]Tu et]ukiTi>u mzEdsie zpBu
uh avieT p]Ruk]>uh Ayi>uu ù xiiuu.
|ni `}]iuh n]e]>uB]gh n]kM]Ru
ek]Tuic{u, `tie x]>h aTuuv>u zpxhg
ilniu t]En eviTuh. atuek]u |vieT
zpEtYkh `Tuu viv>iui}.
"axiHx[eet >ittV]l zpBubiR]k]n]meek"
(my]zdim]H]Yh)
aRh: "eekyil v]uv>uh n]kM]R ù
zpxiM]>uh Ay zpBu]l >ieTuk nimih"
"n]yk]KY] yzt sUzd>]j]ni..."
(xHY]zdiKh)
aRh: "n]ykM]e>u Ep>u sUzd>]j]u
h."
|o zpm]f]l |o BUmiey n]kM]Rte
eekvshvc{u >ic{uvi>uu ù tIRc{ eTuh.
zp]cIn my]h
92
t]e< k]fiu zpm]fee][ |o n]kM]R
p[ ~et}]h avyii>uiuv>]ef[ ariy]h:
(1) "|osV>]>]DEn >] B] yzt xux]Dv
jn] yzt d]nsU>] xhzg]m]feeB>v]
Ey]giEn] yd[ guH]u EpTik] >dIpik]
n]yk]KY] yzt sUzd>]j]ni xRv{ d]."
(xHY]zdiKh)
aRh: "~viTuk]R |osV>]>]Dnil |yuh
Biyumu x]DuE], y]et]>iTuvR d]nsU>M]
>]yuh visiEy]]]yuh |>iuE], `vieTyu
guHkil epikil >dIpeEp]e Ey]gikL
Es]BiuuEv], xRv{xVvuh d]nhecy{uv>]y n]ykR
` sUzd>]j]L `vieTEy],
(2) "enTumIees, vi>im]ru, tiTEmni, pTv]u, nIrfi
eni, EnREk]>iEmTh, ep]ic{itrvmRuh
enTuiTee, enTuvi}R, tTvi}R, EmTvi}R,
|>uTvi}R, muTvi}R, m]vi}R, evrvi}R,
m]r, enTr, ek]TiTl, Ek]v m>uhEk][,
ecui[, AnEy]iTvR, kuti>eviTvR,
\tiTvR, |ic{I>]iTvR, enTum]N ek]}i,
k>u]re]} i, pUe} i, m]r]Ti]vEr]T[, kn]T[,
mu<iuh, prE][, ùvi}il O>u kutiil Eml
kii |oe>eh mri>fhEp][, mur]l
\ti, auti, kc{ie}riti, m]R ek]TuE]e]u
Ems]ml mur]l mTic{u]Ui v]lvIsi,
m]R kh etri e]Tuh k]Tiuh, ALpT]
zp]cIn my]h
93
m]Te\eev>y{]yi>vuh, ek]ufiEvR, Emy[ ,
mu<uy[m, Ek]yiy[m, Ek]yie>uy[m, eeku
emUruh, nuek]t]ni n]]yi>vuh ùek]
t]ni `]yi>vuh, nuek]t]ni, mEc{>ii>]N,
n]>E]ii>]N, ec]ivri>]N, m]m]NEc>i
a>ui>]N mui>uh, m]m]EW>i ep>ui>]N
n]lpeuh, p>uv]vfiv[h O>u Ek]vfiT
fu ìEc{RE]>tuh ki>iyun]kR, ku<]
eevc{uh kfuEc{>E>], `]l ìE], aEc{>EvR
tiTien<uu, echeekkuvi[ p>i,nIiyusi Ep>ut
viUi>iyuu En>]kem]iti ktiE]i muviWu Ep>utviE]>uu
ktiE] kun]e}]h eceeec{lvh, ec<ueWlvh
EcRu v]<uh sivec{lvh eceemec{lvh ep>ueWlvh
Eps]vu eeme>ueWlvmfikuuv]<[ vut]k, v]<[vu
t]k, enTun]Lv]<Vut]k, nITU<iv]<[ vut]k, teeEy]i
v]<[ vut]k, pukE<]iv]<[vut]k, eevne]>i]R,
kUvin]R." (O>u p<y ve<uuzgh)
(3)"p]]ruh peeTv]uh, mItiuTuuh, mitiyTiyuh,
mIse]uh, vi>iku<uh, vI>ec{]}uh, vieey]uh,
nIrfieniTv<kuh, En>ieesEy]uh enrinieeyuh;
n]kRi>iyR tuTiiEt, n]TiuTiyR vfuvEt" (Ti.
zgh me]>u B]gh)
(4) "`Lku<]h n}[rVRku<]em, ec]}uEv]h
emy[ec]lt<[, `Lku<]h n}rvRku<]Em, k>uiTu
vtumiE}]h; `Lku<]h n}rvR ku<]Em, ekrfv
ey]>uvkyumuFptiE}]h; `Lku<]h n}rvR ku<]Em,
zp]cIn my]h
94
\oNveekyuLe]viE}]h; `L ku<]hn}rvRku<]Em.
pirmnviyee>vruvi>uur En]uvtiE}]; `L
ku<]h n}rvRku<]Em, |ovtie}n em]<i]l
pirkiuyiR v]<[vtiE}]h" (me]>u ve<u[ ~T[).
(5) "\LiTEm yu>uv]n n]k]e>
eekiTEm k>uv]n n]k]e>
eeviTEm vivi>uuh n]k]e>
emy[iTEm Emniy]n n]k]e>
ep]y[iTe> ep]Tiy]uh n]k]e>
kiv]L eek ~uh n]k]e>
ìeesyuh pukL ek] n]k]e>
cii, mui, eekk n]ke>
vi}]i vI>>]n n]k]e>
vi>utueki pTev}uh n]k]e>
pu}eenev}]h turuh n]k]e>
punit>Ti vfi vI<uh n]k]e>
ar]en yu>uv]n n]k]e>
ar]en k>uviy]n n]k]e>
ar]en yum]n n]k]e>
ar]en yuyi>]nn]k]e>
ar]en kTvu]n n]k]e>
ar]en yukm]n n]k]e>
ar]en vyum]n n]k]e>
(Ever]>u ve<u[ ~T[)
|ni Eml pr zpm]filniu ci zpD]n
v]kYe `Tu[ OukUTi viv>i]h.
zp]cIn my]h
95
"enTumIs, nIrfieni, p]]>uh, mItiuTuuh,
mitiyTiyuh, mIse]uh, vi>iu<uh (vRiy
tmuTi), vI>ec{]l (go>vv]u), nIrfiTv<kuh"
(nIrfienieyut[ |ve>uric{u pryueT
e]e viuEp]k]et viEsSiec{Tuu k]fiuu.
atuek][ ave>}]Ep>uh eesvR sivBM]>]
efu niym]kuu[.) |o v]kYL |o n]k
M]>ueT EvSh |zpk]>m]efutien k]fiuu.
vi>im]r[ vi]>m]y m]r[ (enW[), tiTEmni = dZ
g]zth, EnR = `tiR (mdic{uv>u), Ek]>i = xihH
(ie) EmTh = mkh, ep]ic{itr = piRu
(>uDi>vuh tEc{]ru cium]r[), amRu = tiTienu
\oE]Tu kUTi evc{uew>iu at]yt[ muicu>ui
|Tiu, enTuiTee = nIuh dZm]yumi>iu
eekkL, eekiTEmEmniy]n (n]k]e>) b]Hubh
te xV>Upm]yu; |o v]kYL av>ueT
s>I>be k]fiuu. "xhzg]m]feeB>v]"
"k]riTiey]uc{Irimi<i" |o v]kY]l avR pT
il (sztuL[) vut]y Bye \]uvR
at]yt[ visi Ey]]euh, "ep]y[iTe>
ep]Tiy]uh n]k]e>" |o v]kYh avR (n]kM]R)
axtYv]M]e> (duRne) nsiiuv>]efuh
etiyiuu.
'enTuvi}R', 'tTvi}R', "EmTvi}R',
'|>uTvi}R', 'muTvi}R', 'm]vi}R', 'Evr
vi}R', mut]y v]kYL avR vi}uvidYyil ati
zp]cIn my]h
96
xmRM]>uh sztuE]T[ mH]viSm]>um]efu
k]fiuu.
'axiHx[eet' 'axip>ittV]c{' 'ki v]L
kEy{uh n]k]e>' (pTv]L ky{iuvR); |o v]kY
L n]kM]R `}]y[Ep]<uh ky{il v]uv>uh
v]BY]xil atixmRM]>uh zpxii x]dic{v>uh
Akuu ùh, (~<]h aY]yh En]uk) "\ti
TvR" ù k]futin]l tvh viEsSm]yi
È] O>u vidYyuh x]mRYvuh \ve>uh
k>uEtiyi>iuu. |tie v]vh ~tuzpk]>em[
ariv]N p]Ti}. `]l |v>ueT p>is[ "\tuh
p>is" `]f[ n]mh (|tiEu divYOoSDin[ O>u
E]Hvuh ci pc{ikuh Ec>um]n]yiu[. atu
kUT]Etyuh |ovk p>is \pEy]gifemue]
e<]e atiuh p>is]>ueT s>I>h, \Tu[, mut]yv
yiuh Emlpr OoSDe Etuk ptiv]f[).
'auti' 'kc{ie}riti' kl + ci}u = kc{i}u =
k>ilkh, |o v]ukL `ztyuh \oil
p]uv>u azeyuh atukUT]et kvifu
ek]u ke}rukEyuh (p[ |o kviEfr[ D]>]
mu]yi>uu. at[ O>u evTiyueyEy] aienEy]
Ep]e \outuh, ve> \pzdvk>vum]yi>uu).
\oil v>u v]ukEyuh Guvil tTuukyu
tin[ x]mRYmuve>uh (evuh tTyuh n]kM]Ru
b]p]m]yi>uu.)
zp]cIn my]h
97
"O>u kutiil Emlkii ...' ù tuTiy
v]kYL viEsSm]y c]L, mric{ iukL, O>u
c]iniTu atisyivy]y aEnkh aBY]x
L ecy{utinu |vey ecy{utin[ avR mH]
xmRM]>]yi>uu ùh,
"kuti>eviTvR" `tu avR kutiTey evu
tinu viEsSx]mRYh \ve>uh (k]ie muiu
t]e< pThve> muNvsu O>u m]ti>i mURc{yu AyuDh
vc{u muruie][ atiEvgil EmlEp]u c]
E]TukUTi kuti>yueT k<uie muNvsuniuh
EmlEp]u k]lvIsi k<uien muriyuh aEt]eT]
>umic{u eekv]Le][ kuti>uri>iu Aien
UTi evukyuh ecy{uk avRu x]D]>fm]y aBY]x
m]yi>uu).
"AnEy]iTvR" ` pdh avR AnTey O]Tiu
tinu vi>utuve>uh, (|]>YiEuh avRu
aEnkh divoSDuh zpEtYkm]y aBY]xc]tu>Yvuh
\]yi>uu 'm]thgI' (gjfs]zh) Ep]e
"Aeenurich' 'p]kRneeT' mut]y zgni>kL
av>ueT Bvnil `}]yiTuh \]yi>uu.
zIjnLuhkUTi |tu n}Ep]e
p>icymu]yi>ut]yi k]fuu.)
"ec]}uEv]h emy[ec{]lt<["; ep]yV]Re em] ati>u v]fe piITu
k]futinu k<iyukyi}. at]yt[ aE]Le A
zp]cIn my]h
98
n]ien `Tuu eviyil kyuem[ aRh.)
|tukL avR xd]xtYv]dikL Ayi>uu ùh.
'arvR' = DRiR (xhZtB]Syil 'DR' emuh
'aDR' emuh pryutinu tmi<[ B]Syil 'arh'
ùh, 'mrh' ùh pryuh. |tukil arE]Tu
EcRvR 'arv>uh' mrE]Tu EcRvR 'mrv>uh"
Akuu). tmi<il ku<]h ` v]uu 'xmUHh'
`Rh. atin]l, '`Lku<]h n} rvRku<]Em" `
v]kYh wueT (n]kM]>ueT) xmUHh DRi
xmUHm]kuu ùh.
"ar]en yu>u' v]n n]k]e>, ar]en 'k>uvi'
y]n n]k]e>, ar]en'yu'm]n n]k]e>;
ar]en 'yuyi>]'n n]k]e> ar]en 'kTvu']n
n]k]e>, ar]en 'klvi'y]n n]k]e>,
ar]en 'yuk' m]n n]k]e>, ar]en 'eyeev'
yum]n n]k]>h" |o v]kYL n]kM]>ueT (\>u)
xV>Upvuh (k>uvi) pEWziyuh (\h) a
k>fvuh (\yiR) zp]fuh, (kTvuL) eedvvuh (klvi)
vidYyuh, (\kh) E]kvuh, ùEv, av>ueT (èev
xRv{vuh DRmym]yi>uu ùh,
"k>uiTuvtiE}]h" wL mdYp]nh ecy{ui};
"ek]eerfv O>uveekyumuFptiE}]h" = mXY]di
kL Ouh Biui}; " \oNveek yuLe]viE}]h"
= m]hx]dikL Biui}; 'pirRmnviye> vru
vi>uur En]uvtiE}]h" = p>zIke et]yiu
x[EnHh jnium]ru En]ui}. |o v]kYL
zp]cIn my]h
99
n]kM]R mdYp]nh; mXYh tIi, m]hxBfh,
p>zIv]w[ C, |tY]di duRgufL y]et]umi}]
p>isu>]yi>uu ùh,
"d]nsu>] xRv{d]" = `}]y[e]<uh d]nxVB]vmu
vR; |}]ee>ieesutvi ecy{Evuh d>izd
>]yuh x]Du]yumu jne aEnVSic{u xH]yi
fh; |ovtie}n em]<i]l pirkihkuyiR v]<v
tiE}]h; = |e}u pruEp]y]l pie jIven D>iu
i}. ("|}' `[ O>u v]u pureTuvi]N |Ty]yi
E]y]l pi avR jIvic{i>iyi}.) |o v]kYL
avR mH]y d]nsIvuh mEn]gufvuh \v>]
yi>uu ùh,
"|osV>]>]DEn >] B] xux]Dv" "punit>Ti
vfi vI<uh n]k]e>" 'n} e>u nyuvf
Evfuh' "n}riwRp]Rec{Nru n}Tieemy]kEvuh"
"`}] vieenyenNrik]tiEvuh, "|o v]kY
]l n]k]M]R |osV>]>]Dnil t]lp>Yvuh.
mHuil Biyuh, eek>Yvuh ènyu
anuBvLv]uh |k]>itit]y myuh
\ve>uh etiyuu.
|niyuh n]kM]>ueT kUil >]jEy]gikL,
xiEy]gikL, HEy]gikL mut]y Ey]giv>YM]>uh
\]yi>uu ùtinu t]e< pryuv dZ]
]kuu.
(1) "Ey]giEn] yl guH]u EpTik] > dIpik]"
(2) "cii, mui, eekk n]k]e>" (3) ("Ek]yi
zp]cIn my]h
100
eruh ky[mL" è]>u mH]n]y n]yR zpBuvie
kvitkil niuh).
Ek]>i]u
Ek]>iey, Ek]>iey, Ek]mire]>u, Ek]>iey
k]>uleviE]>iey k]f]tRi>uL
Ek]>iey ONptuv]uiMukTuuu viiy
Ek]>iey Aruh t]iec{]e> y>Fmeen
Emviy Ek]>iey
Ek]n]Rp]u
"Ek]n]e>eeek]i]TuvIee>,
ek]]nTic{u kU]TuvIe>,
m]nEm]nE]ee Ep]TuvIe>,
m]u m]viNph kUTuvIe>,
tIyuh, punuh, vi, visuuh
muh kRu mTiei
vIii>iuh nRE>n]e>,
p]TuvIR p]TuvIR p]ve>"
(Ever]>u n]yRmH]e kvitkilni[)

ep>uei]u

tiL p>iti ti>ie]Tuuh ep>uei
Etnurivu etiniti>uuh ep>uei
m]nm tuyRu m]]e>uei
muviu... umThkuh ep>uei

zp]cIn my]h
101
me]>u kvi
Evf]ue]iiy]R evTivc{u]]
k]f]m nive> kFep]e>]R,
m]f]R t]m>eep mki<[upi p]>][
Ek]f]ml k]f]e> Ek]iike]R
EvEr][
pi>i mu<iiey<uiE>iTl ep]iv>
k>i tuu tuyiyiu]REmnie]>uciiey<
pue}nev}]h turuh n]k]e>" - |o v]kYh n]k
M]>ueT kUil ep>iy turvikuh (tY]tikL) \]yi
>uu ù k]fiuu.
(m]n]>iE]yil Ek]i]N siv]L)

curev ev evi tniy]Ey]i
mrevyT ni nit]n]kuh
ai t]n<iy]Et]rriv]Ey]>u
viieeeymt]s]N viin]ee>"
"akmu, purm]eekyu,
Emu, kI<u, eviyumu,
ku, ]fu, k]iyu
viieeeymt]s]N viin]e>"
(m]Ti ac{N siv]L)

O]eme<uu t]nueemy]yi niUsimunyiuh
nui t]ki, Etu ciruki sivvi]ki OuEmyu
pi>iv]kuh.
zp]cIn my]h
102
`]my] kTv]nh, ~kurvi>uuh v]nh,
k]<cuh, EkLviuh `]v]nh, n]h cueev, pir
v]nh, evc{ uTN mUc{ ikh v]nh, Ep>iN pm]k
e]iv]nh, muh ek]um]v]nh, v]
mu]h viv]nh, As]n>u]eeeTv]nh, v]nemu
tuh Ep]n v]nh.

|o v]kYL n]yM]>ueT kUil zb
x]]lk]>mT ]nikL x]D>fm]yu]yi>uu
ù k]fiuu.

Emlk]fic{ xhgtikee][ n]kM]R ~vuh
s>I>bmuv>uh, visiEy]]uh, duRne
\Epiuv>uh, sztuLu atiBy>M]>uh,
vi} BY]xh, v]BY]xh, kE} rBY]xh, \tuk, au
tuk, kuti>evuk, AnEy]uk, viEsSm]y c]h,
mric{il, mRvidY mut]yvyil mH]xmRM]>uh,
è]e Ay]uh axtYh pry]v>uh, d]nso
M]>uh |osV>]>]Dniuh mHueuric{uh
t]lp>Yvuh Biyuh eek>Yvuh \v>uh, ati
DRiM]>uh, mdYp]nh, mXYhtIi, m]hxBfh,
|tuke]umi}]tv>uh, p>zIgmniu v]W
ciyilEp]uh au>i]et xUic{uek]uv>uh,
>]jEy]gikL mut]y Ey]gIsV>M]R, zbx]]l
k]>mT ]nikL mut]y xmud]y]hgE]Tu
kUTiyv>uh A vk xhgtikeuric{[ x]D]>fm]yi
n}Ep]e arivuh visV]xvuh \v>uh Ayi>uu
ù xiiuu.
zp]cIn my]h
103
zb]fsh |o my]Edsu xVm]yiu
te}uh, AdYk]hmutl zb]fR vuEkriy k]h
ve> (ve> kUTutl k]Eu) |tivieT |}]ti>u
t]efuh, |o sh |vieT pzpk]>iu Ed]S
Lu EHtuv]yi Bvic{iu[ ùh |o see e]u
nM xiiEt]yi[ AdYk]h mutlituve>
gfnIym]y O>u xhgtiyuh \]yi>uiie}uh,
my]>il Ae>iuh |vieTyi>uuek]]ke
avieT ec]ke |o se AvsYeTukEy],
ek]uv>ikEy], ecy[tiie}uh, muil prEp]e
viEdsuniuh vv>]y zb]fR av>ueT k]>Y]B
e>uti |viTuuk]>iuh |o se xmRi
yuh, ènEy] eti>ic{[ |vR atien xVIk>iyuh
ecy[tuEp]yt]efuh \tu Emr xhgtikil
niu n}Ep]e etii>iuu. Aky]l |T]
u kUiEc{Rtuh an]vsYkvum]y |o se
|v>ilniu tiEyt]kuu. a}]ph
atien viEdsiyM]>]y ci vR]Ru ep]tu
e>ukee]em]zth gfic{u my]zb]fR `[
aBim]nh B]viuv>ueT ]nvie gfYm]
]et |>iEt]kuu. |zpk]>h my]zb]f
se \Epic{uk<i]l pie A sE]Tu
kRi>iu `z]N, nU>i, Ep]i Ì ]nL
m]ztm]f[ zpD]nm]yi EsSiut[. |veyiyuh muh
xvi>h aTu pukil zptip]dic{uek]]h.

zp]cIn my]h
104
aY]yh 7 - n]yM]e>i
c>iztk]il
viEdsIyM]Ru]yiu
aBizp]yL

muY]yil k]fic{ zpm]fL n]yM]>ueT
pu>]tnitiey kuriuu. k]]>il zput
itiu p k]>f]l ve> Bitkuh
nYUntkuh xhBvi]niTy]yi. aen k<iuv>ev
dVIp]>niv]xik]y viEdsIyM]>il p>uh tLu
|dhzpmy]yi xiic{ p>iS[k]>dsy]l Ezp>itM]>]yi
p k]iuh |o n]Tien xRsiyuh zptY
m]yi n]yRxmud]ye y]iti vRiyuh
ecy[tiu[. avyil citien t]e< EcRuu.
(1) 'Er]NQ[xF' ` x]y[pin]l tRim
ecy{e[ fil 1833l ac{Tie 'THPuL
mujHiQiN' ` mtxhbm]y pu>]tn zgie
kR]v]y 'eeS[ xinuQiN' ` muHdIyN
my]ikueT itieyi |zpk]>h pri>iuu
'O>u zpBu ek]}e]l, ay]ueT anuc>M]R
xhsp[tkM]>]yi `tiRu ep]>uti sztuueT
>]jYe pviEDn nsiiyuh a>ish tI>uhve>
jne nizgHiyuh ecy{uu.'
zp]cIn my]h
105
(2) zkiVh Ot]h stvRSil >u muHdIy
xW]>ikL
11
(3) mzd]x[ xh]nh vk 1891-e exNx[
riE]Ril miR `c{[. `. YuvR[ `y]L |zpk]>h
`<utiyi>iuu: 'n]yM]R O>u zd]viQvRm]f[ ;
`<utiytuh 'Ern][' `y]L tRim
ecy[tu 1733l fil zpxihecy[ttuh Ay
pukil t]e< pryuzpk]>h k]futuh |o
nTvTiey \Esic{]yi>i]h.
'>]j]M]R xihH]xn]E>]Hfh ecy{ uE]L t]e<
pryu m>Y]dey avhbi]ruu[; ~t]nuh Ec]r[
>]j]vie muil ek]uni>uh; \TN muuEr]
n]nuEr] AukL xVmn]e >]jxiDiey zp]pic{[
aEHh ah Bic{tinuEsSh O]E>]piTi Ec]r[
aEHie ky{ ilniuh v]uh. |tien Biu
Et]TukUTi >]j]vu m>iEy] ek]}eTukEy] ecy{u
divxil tL aizpEvsh ecy{utinu
niRbitM]>]kyuh atien s>iy]kuhvh avR
anuiyuh ecy{uu; |om]ti>i AukLu my]
ER 'c]vR' (c]kuv]N ty{ ]ruvR) `]kuu. Eml
prtinu bREb]x] pR]x[ Ì Ep]RugIx[
zgk]>M]>uh x]YhvHiuu. (|tien anuk>ic{[
m]im]>uh, vuvn]u >]j]vie kIRi]yi[
n]yM]E>]T[EcRu ti>un]v]yil 'mH]mKh (m]m]h)
` \Xvinu p>>h yuhecy[t[ m>i]en]
>uuu.)

11
altb>i, adul b]x>i ìvR
zp]cIn my]h
106
av>il pBi]y pi>ivukuh O]E>] pi>ivukLu
zpEtYk et]<iukuh k]fuu; pu>]tn n]yM]R
nihsym]yuh yuE]dYum]y O>u xhGm]yi[
vi>uizkmil vu anuBviyuh EvE]L yuh
ecy{ukyuh ecy[ti>ui>ifh.
(4) 'mb]R ji}] gxIyR' ` pukil
|zpk]>h k]fuu. '\vh En]iy]l, n]yM]R
O>uEv zd]viQM]>]y kuTip]Ruk]>uh mb]rien AdY
m]yi Azkmic{v>il EcRv>uh, Ejt]ueT niyil
B>fkR]uh jMikuh AyiIRv>uh Ayi>i
fh.; A>Y>xizstyuh, EdsYm]y zpkZtiviEsS
uhek][ |E]<e n]yM]Ru mzd]x[ xh]n
ie mu zd]viQ vRilni[ zptYm]y
vYt]xh k]feTuu.
(5) j]Ffie 'E]kil ~vuh zpxim]y
>]jYh' ` pukilniuh mi. E]gN t]e< pryu
B]gh \>iuu "|o n]ie Ey]]v[ te AyuD
e zpEy]giutil atisynIym]y x]mRYh
k]fiuu. ave>]e 'n]yM]R' ù viieTu
O>u m]ti>i zpBuM]>]f[; ~<uvyu zp]ymuE]L
'k>ikil' av>ueT AyuD]BY]xh A>hBiuu.
avieT xmRM]>]y 'As]M]R' av>ueT EdH[
`yi[ O]E>] EcRuke mZduv]ukyuh Epsike
\Tc{uEcRukyuh ecy{uu. |tunimih avRu g]zt
]Gvvuh curucuruuh xiiuu. EdHe p
m]ti>iyil vutinuh, muuh piuh \yRuh
t]<[uh EvviDil atien \pEy]giutinuh
zp]cIn my]h
107
avRuh k<iyuh. av>ueT |]ti>i aBY]xh avRu
c]>it]RYjnkvuh amim]nEHtukvuh Af[. |o
viSyil ave> A>uh atisyiyie}u avR
\r]yi visVxiuu.
(6) bhg]ilniuh aye[ (1792-93) mb]rien
xRsic{ kISfruh piIT[ Eb]heb gvRrum]y
Ej]f]tN eQN `y]L miiL ` zgk]>e
'kEm]yNx[' ~<]h pukilniuh t]e< k]fiu
B]ge \>iuu. (tRim)
"kI<[j]tikl Ev]RvieT puye>uEpR
v]<[ cu zpBuM]>Bim]nikL n]ykR;
k>kosvuh pieRSkfiy]diyil
atipumvREruh vi>utuh ep]>ututil,
etiyuh k>v]ec{u<Iu viuh
`>iyuh p>isc{zkmmRIup>iuh.'
|o B]gei zput eQN vIuh |en
vimRsiuu: 'Emlpr Es}]kp]dL visiSY OTuvi
e >u p]dL n]y>ueT O>u n} vRny]f[.
anY>]jYil v<iy]zt]R O>u vTiEy] pi>E]
vHic{u nT]rutuEp]e azt x]D]>fm]yuh
xok>Ym]yuh n]yM]R v]ien ~i ù xW>i
uu. |v>il ciR v]LpiTiEy mutukil ti>ukuu.
piTi \TuinTiyil a>eil t]<[ iyi>iuh. mun
EmlEp]YuRu \>uBujiuh |TieT ti etuete
etiu k]feTuh."
zp]cIn my]h
108
(7) xR eHR mFEr] ` zbiiS[ Exn]DipN
n]yREy]]ei |zpk]>h `<utuu:"yuk]
il pklxmyu ave> ep]TiEp]uh k]fukyi}.
avR mfluukuETyuh kuiec{TikuETyuh |Tyil
ptuiyi>uukyuh. wL Ek]ey Azkmi]N pur
eTuE]Lm]zth avR kUTikiy EtnIc{ kL Ep]e
k]feTuh. avR tueT Et]uke s>iy]kuh vh
piTiukyuh n}Ep]e ]uEn]i evTievukyuh
ecy{uu." (|o B]gh tE>iiks]yie 1761-
]m]u vk Qyriyil \Let]kuu).
zPWugvRr]yi>u `h. m]HiQi]Eb]RQn]yi
yuh n]yM]>ueT yux]mRYei ptuh
zpshxic{u pri>iuu.
(8) mzd]x[ mYUdiyhxUzp]y miR |o. t<[F
'dif |Yyie j]tikuh vRuh' ` zg
il n]yM]e>i |zpk]>h pri>iuu.
"avR p>u ep]>ututin[ ~vuh xmRM]>]y
Ey]]]yi>ui>ifh. `]l O]E>] zpEtYk
viB]g]yi[ zpEtYk \EsYE]TukUTi pi>ii>iu
ky]l viEdsIyM]>ueT Azkmfe tTuutinu
avR[ nivZiyi}]et tIRi>uu."
(9) O]me kuE]uhg p]YmH]>]j]vie
(zkiVh 1083-84) O>u si]EKnilniuh aEHh
kuTmn]T[ (pTi]er mzEdsh) Azkmic{u jyic{u
ùh avieTe Ey]]]y |E]<e n]yM]
zp]cIn my]h
109
>ueT pURv{ikM]R tueT xVtzY>]yi ecy[ t
xm>il Oe]<iy]et m>ic{u ùh k]fuu.
(10) 'Quv]Ru bREb]x]' ` p]]tYn]l `<ut
etuh 1866l H]k}iyu[ xhG]l tRim ecy{e
tuh Ay 'ki<E AzPiyuETyuh mb]riEyuh
xmuzdtI>vRfnh' ` zgil 16-]h stvRS]>hB
ie n]yM]>ueT itieyuric{[ t]e<ryu viv>h
k]fuu; n]yM]R n]ie zpBuM] >]kuu; avRu
yuhecy{ukm]ztEm et]<il \u. avR v]L, vi}[,
a[, p>is, kuh Ì AyuDe pE]<uh D>ic{u
xW>iuu. avR xmRM]>uh tueT zpB]ve
uric{[ ve> aBim]niuv>uh Akuu; |o n]yM]R
`}]v>uh \lkZkuj]tM]R Ayi>ifemu
m]ztm}, tL O>umic{u t]mxiu >]j]vin]E]
zpBuvin]E] AyuDh ek]Tueuh |>ifh. atinu
EsSEm AyuDh D>iutinuh n]yR]ninuh
avR aRHM]>]yi Bviyuu. s>iy]y AyuD
zpEy]ginutkut]y pm]ti>i aTvukuh murkuh
piutinu x]D]>fy]yi ~<uvy[ zp]ym]ku
E]L avR vidY]yil ayeTuu; O]mt]yi
nZh ecy{utinuh piIT[ OE>]viDil mriyu
tinuh avR piuu; atin]yiu b]Yie
av>ueT avyve `zpk]>emiuh vvh
avR xV]DInm]iIRuu. |o n]yM]R pf
inu eviyi]yi mu jnx]m]nYilniuh pi>i[
Evu be]bukE]TukUTiy tueT vuil
p]Ruu; `vieTeyiuh Ep]kuE]L m]Rh O<iu
zp]cIn my]h
110
ek]TuutiN avR kRSkM]E>]T[ \c{il viic{u
pryuu; azpk]>hte anux>ieTukyuh
ecy{uu. ate}il y]et]>u Ec]dYvuh kUT]et
ave> n]yM]Ru ek]}]vut]kuu. O>u kRSkN
niRB]vYvs]l O>u n]yRzIey et]uEp]y]l avueT
buL \TNte ave ek]}uu; azpk]>h te
ave et]vnuh ave aKi buuh
ek]ecy{eTuu; |tu kRSkM]>ueT >h
n]yM]>il kRuEp]k]ti>i]n]efu avvR
pryuu. |o n]yRzIkL ve> vZiyuv>uh
Evuh vh vzD]>fmuv>uh Akuu.'
(11) 18-]h stvRSil `<ute 'po>YHiu
EdsueT nvInc>izth' ` zgil H]milTF
|en pryuu. 'pu>]tnk]il x]muti>i 12
vRS]Em >]jYh B>i]ru ptivuu. A k]vDiu
muil m>fh zp]piy]efil p>xYm]yi ay]Lu
AHi ecEy{iv>ikyi}. atiniTy]yie}il
O]mt]yi ay]L te `}] zpBuM]E>yuh |TzpBu
M]E>yuh fic{uv>ui O>u xdYek]Tuukyuh
piIT[ BfinuEsSh ave> aBiv]dYh ecy[tiu
zpEtYkh ty{]r]iyiu tUum>iEri xk>uh
k]Fek `ztyuh kZtYm]y viDil te si>Edh
ecy{ukyuh ecy{fh; ah k<i[ svs>I>e
`ztyuh AEG]SE]Tuh bHum]nE]TukUTi
xl>iyuh zpBuM]>uh muhkUTi O>Uputiy
x]mUti>iey ti>eTuukyuh ecy{uu. "(|t[ pu>]tn
nTpTi m]zth).
zp]cIn my]h
111
(12) '1774-Eyuh, 1781-Eyuh eviNQYN kl
y]ztkL' ` zgil 'ex]r][ |zpk]>h
`<utuu: n]yM]R Ey]]]kuu. AyuDh D>ic{u
nTutuek][ ave> muvRilniuh ti>ic{ ri
y]vut]f[ . avR `ztyuh aHhB]vmuv>]f[;
av>ueT aTuu Ec>u ci zpEtYk vRe
ek]ukyutinu avR[ avk]sh \[. atieni
p>]tiyuh |}.
(13) mb]Rniymvuh nTvTiyuh ` zgil
miR `l. muR |zpk]>h pryuu: Ahg |YN
niGuil niuh n]y[ , n]ykN, n]yR |v O>u
D]tuvil niuh \]yiut]enu ariy]h.
(14) vijyng>ie n]yM]E>]Tuh viuek]Tu
e Edsie 'n]yN' `BiD]nmu 'Ep]ig]R'
zpBuM]E>]Tuh pimtI>ie n]yM]Ruh xhb
mut]yi xYuvl, xR t]mx[ mFEr] |vR aBi
zp]yeTuu. AfrbiL j]FiNQ[Exyuh |tien
piNt]i `<utuu (1783).
(15) ti>uvit]hkUR exNx[ riE]Ril miR `N.
xuzbfYy{R |zpk]>h pryuu: "mDu>yie ci n]Tu
v]<ikL 'kR]' ` ]nER muNpil vHic{i>uu.
mDu>yiEyuh tW]vU>iEyuh n]y[ >]j]M]>ueT
ant>]vk]sikL ù gfic{uv>u 'b]ij'M]R
1901-e jnxhKY kfil |o ]nh \pEy]gi
c{i>iuu."
zp]cIn my]h
112
(16) 1901-l zpxih ecy{e |NQYNexNx[
riE]Rienuric{u O>u gufEd]Sni>Upfil
'nyINt[ exWVri' ` xWikyil miR ej. Qi.
rIQ[ (|E]L xR Ej]F) 1904-l |zpk]>h `<uti
yi>iuu: "exNx[ kISfRu n]yM]>ueT |T
yil t]mxiutinu avx>h Bic{i>uu ìl,
aEHh av>ueT kUiu zIb]HuYeuric{[
kuh prkyi}]yi>uu. |NQYyie ~vuh xu>ik]y
zIvRh `zt D]>]m]efiuh zkmiDikm]k]N
t>mi}E}]." bu]nNvIuh |zpk]>h pryuu:
"my]ie \yR vR]Ru vzD]>fh
kur>Itiyi]f[ ; pE, avR atisynIym]kuh
vh suciyuv>]kuu. n]yRzIkL tueT EdH
uh muTikuh O]E>] xugvuL Etc{ [ suciy]yi
vutil `ztyuh j]zgtyuv>]kuu. avR
a<uu vzh D>i]ri}."
(17) miR `P[. Qb}iyu. `}ix[ |zpk]>h pryuu.:
Adik]h mutl 18-]h stvRSie avx]nk]h
ve>, 'tr' 'n]Tu' |o ~R]TukL mUm]yi[ n]yR
zpBuM]R my]Edse xVtz>]j]M]>ueT
duRB>filniuh >ic{i>utin]]f[ , Ek]<iE]T[ ,
mut]y ng>L yUEr]Iy]gnmE]TukUTi viy
kc{vT]yi tIRt[; n]yM]R[ ep]tuEv
O]vRxIyrM]>uETyuh, jmI]>ikuETyuh ]nh \]
yi>uu."
(18) miR E]gN t]e< k]fuviDh `<utuu:
"mb]ril' n]T[' ~RTu]yi>uu; atiNzpk]>h jn
zp]cIn my]h
113
>k]nh n]yM]Ru xim]yi>uu. (zbiIS[
zpEvsnh ve>) xhGil '600' EpR vItmu
'n]Tu'kuh O]E>] n]iuh '150' vIth 'tr'kuh O]E>]
truh '4' l kury]et kuTuhbuh \]yi>uu;
|ztyuh viB]gLaTiy Edsie >]Dik]>i
]nh t]uzpBuvuh arunUinDipnuh Ay n]yR]
yi>uu."
(19) Ek]<iE]ung>ie bHum]ne
|oiNQY]kni vk k]>YN, 1746 Emm]xh 28-]h
tIyti tE>iiks] vk Qyriyil |zpk]>h
pri>iuu; "|o n]yM]R Ek]<iE]u jnxhG
ie n]ykM]>]ky]l |vR |hg}ie p]REmu
x]m]jikM]>ueT niyi]fu; |vR >]jkney `}]
k]>Yiuh anux>iui}. >]j]vie mzim]R
anY]ykZtYil zpEvsiuE]L |vR niRByh
ave> siiuu." |o p]REmu xB 'kUh' ù
Ep>]y xB Ayi>ifh. difkR]Tkie 'kUh'
1832-33-l zbiiSuEdY]gM]R[ `ztyuh \pzdvk>
m]yi tIRi>uu.
(20)my]Edsei n}p>icyh xiic{i>u
aW>iyie miR mRQ][ zboF `y]L
yc{ `<uil >]jsieyuriut]yi zP]Nxiuh
muh nTu]yi>u PYUQlxiie >Itiyi]yi
>uu mb]rie nTpTi (zbiIS[ zpEvsnhve>) ù
pri>iuu.
zp]cIn my]h
114
n]yM]>ueT |TyilnTu]yi>u PYuQl xi
in[ ti>uvit]hkUR exNx[ kiSfR `N.
xuzbfYy{R avRkuh x]Yh vHiuu. zkiVh
925-l `<ute >]me xi>iyN zkiYN
zpm]fil Emlpr 'arunUruke'i >iTu
pri>iuu. ek]}h 321-e O>u si]EKnil
O>u Evf]runUrien 'Ezt]Dik]>i'kueT niyil
pri>iuu. Evf]il Aek 18 arunUru]yi>u
i>ifh.
(21) 'kRTm]xil (EdHh tfui>iuE]L)
Afu n]yR yuv]L k]yik]BY]xh zpEtYkm]yi
ecy{ut[.
'pEy]iyilvc{[ O>u k>iyil kuruu piiutuh
siSYM]R c]h, mric{il, tT mut]yv piutuh
k[ w]N `ztyuh atisyic{u. ' ù miR P][
zp]viuu. (1845).
(22) n]yM]>ueT mt]nu]nei miR P][
vIuh |zpk]>h pryuu. 'gvREm[ jIvnh nimih
axok>YmuvR O<ic{[ O>u n]y>uh kuic{u muum]r]et
Bfh k<iyi}. kuic{tie EsSh dinhzpti
O>uEn>h ail et]<femutuh O>u kfis
m]y niymm]f['.
'pE]<uh kui >utvf Ayi>iuh. muNk]
il aTuuv>u (tIu) puyEnyuh muh
eviyukyuh |E]L k]EBdh nimih m]ri
zp]cIn my]h
115
ep]y[e]utin]yi v<iy]ukyuh ptiv]f[ `[
bu]nN aBizp]yeTuu.
(23) muNzp]vic{ xhgtiey aTi]neTuiyuh
muh n]yM]e>i miR P][ vIuh |zpk]>h
pryuu:
p]]inTuu zpEdsil O>um]ti>i m}yuh
nTu[. atu Er]m]>ueT |Tyiu]yi>u >Itiu
xdZsm]yi>iuu. Er]m]]Ru bi.xi. 30 mutl
mb]rum]yiu xhbmu]yi>uu. 'a]rik[' `
\>EdsiyN Er]mie E>]Dh mtiy]utin[
AvsYe xhgtikilO[ 3000 r]l n}
muk]yi>uu. (5-]h stkvRSh) |t[ mb]ril niu
te Er]m]Ru kiiyi>ifh.
pu>t]nzgIu>uETyuh Er]m]>uETyuh |Tyil
\]yi>u p kikuh k]yik]BY]xuh n]yM]
>ueT |Tyil aumiuh avsi]yi[ adY]pi
k]fuu[ . O]finu n]yM]R >u kik]yi
niu munmTiy azL vRSic{u p>uh murieu
vI<utiEnyuh O>u ep]tuv]y Yil x]mRYh
p>IiutiEnyuh muh pi p]inx[ zp]viuu.

zp]cIn my]h
116
aY]yh 8 - sUzdsh

my]zb]fsvuh my]sUzdsvuh Af[
|viTu ku<Lu zpD]n EHtuL. |vyil
O]mEtien O<iEt]efu Ar]mY]yil
xk]>fh viv>ic{ u. EsSic{i>iu (my]) suzds
ei |vieT cii]h.
zb]fR my]i n]yM]e> "sUzdR" ù pru
v>uu. |t[ evruh vYvH]>il m]ztm}. n]yM]e>i
avR `<utiyiu zgiuh k]fuu[. Agm
vix[mZtiek]E], atVhek]E] |vR atien mn
pURv{h xtiukyuh ecy{uu. |o vYvH]>h |en
vRic{ uvRic{[ xHjm]yi |E]L n]yM]R tiu
xhB]Sfiuh E>K]zpm]fiuhkUTi AviDh
zpEy]giu nT[ i>zptitm]yi tIRi>iuu.
|o avx>il n]yM]>ueT Agmei "Ek>
m]H]Yh", "Ek>E]lpi" mut]y zpm]fe
anux>ic{u O>u ni>Upfh niS[zpEy]jnm]yi Bvi
yie}[ visVxiuu.
O]mt]yi n]yM]Ru \]yiu |o sUzdsh
AdYEm \]yi>uEt] |T]u vukUTiyEt]
ù nmu AE]cic{uEn]]h. "Ek>m]H]Y' il
|tieni |en pri>iuu. 'zb]fRu
anuBvi]N EdvzIke t>fh' ù B]RvN
xVRuec[ EdEvzEn]Tu Ec]dic{u. aEHh jye
puzti 'xuBg'Eyyuh gRv{e puzti 'suB'Eyyuh O>u
zp]cIn my]h
117
>]xIEyyuh Ar]ru knYkm]E>]TukUTi ek]Tuu.
an>h aEHh d]xikEyuh d]xM]E>yuh (viEdsu
niuh) ek]uvu.
|o xhgtiey zpEtYkh xhbiu zpm]fe
aTiyil viv>iuu.
zpm]fh. aRh.
1 Edvn]>Y d]tvY] EdvzIke>fh.
2 jyxY xut]h
k]Wil xuBgn]m
xu>Ih ST[nY]-
xHit]h n]>Ih
jye puzti xuBg
ey zIEyyuh Aru
knYkm]E>yuh
(ek]Tuu).

3 Edvn]>Y ki (|vR) EdvzIk]kuu
Ep]uh.
4 pun k]Wic{ n]>Iu
gRvxY xut]h suB]h
ST[nY]xHit]h n]>Ih
pie gRve puzti
suBey zIEyyuh
Aru knYkm]E>yuh
(ek]Tuu).

5 pun >]xIh tnVIh
ST[nY]xHit]h td]
an>h (O>u) >]x
zIEyyuh AruknYkm]
E>yuh (ek]Tuu).

Eml k]fic{ zpm]fil Oiuh te
sUzdxh zpEy]gic{uk]fui}. atin]l p>su>]mN
ek]uv zIkLu muil |o n]mh |}]yi>uu
ù etiyuu. Ek>il ek]uv[ |>uu
xmyh A mUu vk zIkeiyuh EmlprviDh
zp]cIn my]h
118
(sUzdsh kUT]et te) AvRic{u pri>iu
tin]l v<imEYvc{uh av>il sUzdsh EcRie}u
tuh niyh te. |niyuh.
"d]xId]x]N kuTuhbk]N"
aRh: d]xikEyuh d]xM]E>yuh (viEdsil
niuh) ek]uvu, `[ "Ek>m]H]Y'iuh
"B]RvN p>Edsuniu k]>]u ev]e>e]u
vu t]mxiic{u. av>]f[ ki>iyu n]yM]R' ù
'Ek>E]i'yiuh k]fuu. |zpk]>m]efil
k]>]Tu mutl my]hve> (\leeT) yu EdsL
tmi<[n]T]ky]l 'ev]hpi' mut]y tmi<[ Ep>uk
}]et tmi<iEn]T[ avuh aTumi}]tuh anYB]S
yiutum]y sUzdsh avieTy]kE |vieTy]ke
tnt]yiu]yi>iniTyi}.
|ni ciiEtu |o n]mh |vieT vEsSh \TN
te \]yi p]>>Ym]yi nTuv>uEt] at}]
aTu k]il \]yiuEt] `]f[.
my]Edsu `<uukuuki]ke AD]>
zpm]fi]ke y]et]iuhte |o suzdxh
k]fui}. my]hp]ien 'n]yRp]h' `}]et
"sUzd]h' ù pryui}. O>u zIEy]T[ nie 'n]yR
"`}et "sUzdN" ù pryui}. 'pTn]yRku>'
"n]yRkuh' '|ee> n]yRkuh' (|>f]kuh) 'n]yRvk
Ti' |zpk]>h my]u zpEdsL, vuueT
|nh |tukle}]h (\tien]e) n]yRxh
k}]et sUzdxh Oiuh O>iTuh k]fui}.
zp]cIn my]h
119
`]l \Esh 50 ek]}Lkh nT]yiu
>jiR AD]>il (atuh ti>uvit]hkUril m]zth)
|o n]mh k]fuu[. atin]l sUzdsh |o my]
il muNk]il |}]yi>uu ùh aTuk]
u tuTiy t]efuh \tinu xhsymi. |viTue
B]Sek]u En]iy]uh |o n]mh |vieT \te}u
m]kuu. (viv>fh v<iey) ki>iyh mutl t]E<]u
vk]e> sUzde>u kuer]iniurh pruv>ik
yuh avR x]D>fy]yi atien vixtiti>iyuh
ecy[tuEp]>utuek]um]zth |o sh av>ueT xV
m]efu prv]N p]Ti} . (xVm]efu v>ut}). O>u
vRe>uric{[ me]>u vR]R ExV]nux>fh p
Ep>uh pryutu nTi}]t}. Ayt[ |E]<e
nU>im]R mut]yve>uric{uh |e}i}. azpk]>mu
`} Ep>ukuh vkyil EcRu gfiut[ Ekvh
EB]StVemE prv]nuu.
viEsSic{uh 'nU>i |E]u v>U' 'pE> v>U" 'Ep]i
v>U' ù pryutuEp]e "zsUzd] v]' ù O>u
n]ye> En]i pryui}. pryut]y]uh nU>i, pR
|tY]di \pn]mh (vRER ae}il ]nER) Ep]e
A ]neu n]yR, pi, kR], ky[mL, EmnvN
mut]y xhke m]ztEm \pEy]giuuu. muN
viv>ic{ xhgtikueT x]>hsei ahEp]uh
cii]et >jir]D]>il O>uven<uti, >u
Epe><uti, mU[, n][, pu, nU>[ , ìen et>uete>
zp]cIn my]h
120
aE][ 'gikzpv]HnY]yh'
12

12
gîk (g>ik) - AiNni>; ATukL Oinu purek me]]yi
pu<yil O<ukiE]kutien aTi]nm]iyu nY]ym]f[ gik]
zpv]HnY]yh. (mUM]e>]ic{ ]l av>il muNg]miey piNg]mikL
kumTc{[ anux>iutien |t[ kuriuu).
Ep]e |t[ xhBvic{ u
È \u.
~kxY kR xhvIY kE>]tYEnY]pi gRHith
gt]nugtiEk] E]Ek] n E]k p]>m]Rik
aRh: 'O>ue niYm]y zpvZi ki[
anYnuh atuEp]e ecy[tuEp]kuu. |tu muNpil
Ep]kuve pi]e p>uh Ep]kutuEp]ey]f[ .
O>uvnuh p>m]Rmriu zpvRiui}."
|ni sUzdsh, ~tuB]Syiut]efu En]]h:
"zbztiyviT[sUzd]]tuRvRfYmiti x[ mZth"
(mnux[mZti)
aRh: zb]f ztiy eevsY sUzdN c]tuR
vRfYm]kuu ù x[m>ieu.
"H] H]E> tV] sUzd'
(C]E]EgY]pniS[ )
aRh.: kh kh `T]! sUzd] nie .."
'sozdh vRmxZjt'
(bZHd]>EfY]pniS[)
aRh:"sUzdj]tiey xZic{u."
zp]cIn my]h
121
"H] E> tV] sUzd' - (xUztB]SYh)
aRh: kh! kh! kh: `T] sUzd]! nie ..."
"sUzd]]v>vR] vZS] jGnYj]'
(am>Ek]sh)
aRh. 'sUzdN, av>vRN, vZSN, jGnYjN
|v sUzdsie p>Y]yL (Akuu);
EmLk]fic{ zpm]fuh p>Y]yuh xhZtB]S
yil k]feTuu. 'my]h' tuTi pzu pi>ivu
ku
13
(tmi<[ B]Syil 'epyRec{]}[" (n]msh)" 'vieen
ec{]}[ ) (zkiysh), '|eeTec{]}[' (~kEdsh avYyh),
'tieesec{]}[' (EdsIyn]mh), 'veeTec{]}[' (|t>EdsB]S,
at]yt[ xhZth), "cieetec{ ]}[ (nYunn]mh) ì
en pde pi>ic{iu[. |til veeTec{]e}tu
tmi<>Lek][ xhZtii>utuEp]ete
`<ut]vu k>h, m>h |tY]di pduh, cieet
ec{]e}t[ , tmi<>Lek]u s>iy]yiuc{>i]N
p]Ti}]et 'citc{u' (nYuneTui) \c{>iu \fh
(\h) pi>uh (BZhgh) |tY]di pdum]kuu.
'tmi<u' B]Syie |f]di zgil
'av>v>ufN' 'vi>u<N' 'ckiycN ìen tmi<[
v]uke}u k]fic{[ 'cieetec{]}]yi[' \pEy]gic{i>i
utin]l sUzdsh xhZtB]Syiutute
ù niRyi]h.

13
tmi<[, my]h, etu[, kTh, tuu, kuRg[, tud, Ek]t, Eg][, ek][ ,
>]j[mHl, Or]ev]F ìvy]fiv.
zp]cIn my]h
122
zsUzd]dipdL tmi<[ B]Syil cieetec{]}]yi>iu
tin]l xhZtB]Syiuvte ù etiyuu).
|ni sUzdsh ~tu B]Syil ìn]yiupEy]gi
c{i>iuu ù En]uph muNk]fic{i>iu
zpm]fhek][ atu c]tuRvRYvYvyil n]]
me vRinu xhy]efu etiyuu. |o
vRie f]dike zpEtYkh m]i
k]fiutinu ep]tuv]y c]tuRvRYie O>u
viv>fh atY]vsYm]yi Et]uky]l aTu aY]y
il atien]>ueTuu.

zp]cIn my]h
123
aY]yh 9 - c]tuRvRfYh

'c]tuRvRfYh `tu muNpr zb]f]di n]u
sLuh O]yiu Ep>]kuu. ctuRvRh
`tu te c]tuRvRfYh 'xV]RikSYw['
14
O]mt]yi pr gufkRviB]gzpD]nm]y
niymiut}. viDizpk]>mu zb]fztiy]di
n]me m]zth vc{uhek][ A niymie \Esinu
vip>Itm]yuh atie s>iy]y xV>Upin[ mrv]yuh
n]sk>m]yuh \ >]me pi>ivieny]f[ |vieT
xVIk>ic{i>iut[. |t[ O>iuh AdYh mH]M]>]l
anuie c]tuRvRfYniymm} ù niyhte.
|tien p]SmtE]k]ytmtmizsm]y duRvYv
ù
zptYyh ek][ >UpEBdh xiic{t}]et atinu
viEsSic{[ aREBdh |} .
c]tuRvRfYien >]yi pi>i]h. avyil O[
gufkRe aTi]neTuiyuh mEtu kui
pU>fmte aTi]neTuiyuh |>iuu. `]l
y]Rm]y vRviB]gh s>iyi}]t]efE]
atiNzpk]>h |Hp>xuKL x]Diyie}E]
y]et]>u vRinU |tum]ti>iyu ~R]Til
zptibihbB]vil ìuh akeT]et E]ku
jIvi]N k<iyuemE] prv]N p]Ti}; pryuumi}.
|E]L |vieT nTii>iu c]tuRvRfYniymh.

14
vRh ` pdiEn]T[ xV]Reuriu "SYw[" ` zptYyh
Ec>uE]<]f[ "c]tuRvRfY"ie vRYh ` pdh \]kut[.
zp]cIn my]h
124
eyE] kipii c]tuRvRfY]B]xemE] mE] Evfh
prv]N. pURv{ niymh amZth; |tu viSh. atien Ac>i
ut[ m]t]vie muyil niuh p]ukuTiutu
Ep]e. |tien Ac>iut[ mu ECdic{[ >p]nh
ecy{utuEp]e. |o v]veuric{u atVh
nimih |tu mH]M]>ueT niymm]ky]l tY]jY
me}u avisV]xj]QYil nueT AukL
akei>iy]f[.
|o ctuRviD viB]ge aTi]nm]ie]]f[
my]in]yR vRil sUzds]E>]pfh ecy[tiu
t[. |o AE>]pfh avRu vut]y n]se
\]ie]i>iuu. |tu k]>fh jnxmUHin[
atimUt, Dnn]sh, axt, d]>izdYh, miztEzd]Hh,
kuTuhbkHh, xVjnEdVSh, apm>Y]d, du>]c]>h, BZtY
vZi, DRBZhsh, kRE]ph, an]ikYh |tukL
vRic{u nini[ Ak]eT |vR du>it>Upik]yi
p>jnp>iH]xinuh |HE]kp>E]kil n>k]nu
BUtiuh p]ztIBvic{uek]i>iuu. |o Apil
|uh >eTfemil \]mt]yiu xkEd]S
Luh bIjm]y |o duRvYvyil |[ O<iyfh.
azpk]>h O<iyfemil jnxmUHil ve>]
m]yi Ev>urc{ukiTu eti]>f niESh nsifh.
aen nsifemil SIsV>M]>]l x[mZtimUh
~ReTue s>iy]y c]tuRvRYniym>ItikEyuh
ekTutien vRiic{u myie]i>iu duRvYv
]>ItikEyuh tlR]M]>ueT Ey]gYtkEyuh
s>iy]yie mu<uvnuh ariyfh. Aytu k<iec{iE
zp]cIn my]h
125
mu OoSDL PiU. atuek][ muNpr
>uvk vYvkEyuh xhbic{ Ev viv>L
zpm]fyuYnuBvxHith k]fi]N tuTuu.
AdYm]yi gufkRviB]gzpD]nm]y mte pry]h.
atiE[ anuzkmm]yi t]e< pryu xhgtikei
ciiEiyi>iuu.
1. atie x]m]nYn]mh 2. atie zpEtYkn]mh 3.
atie kR]v[ 4. atie jnnk]h 5. atie
zpEy]jnh 6. atie aTi]nh 7. atie aDik]>i
8. atie nTumur 9. atie t]>tmYh 10. atie
vY]p[ ti
1. x]m]nYn]mh
xtiEg]ztjnnku]nYBijn]nVyo
vhEs]nVv]y]En]vR] xYuRzb]f]dy
am>Ek]sh
aRh: "xti, Eg]zth, jnnh, kuh, aBijnh,
anVyh, vhsh, anVv]yh, x]nh |o Otu s
uh zb]fztiy]di vRL[ xRv{ x]D]>f
m]yiu n]m]kuu. |tukil vRem sh
zb]fztiy eevsY sUzdj]tikL[ ep]tuv]yiu
t]kuu.
vRuto (vR ` D]tu uti `
aRil v>uh).
zp]cIn my]h
126
vRYE "kpi]>ufpItkZvRee ni>UpY
|ti"
aRh: kpinirh (Eg]E>]cnyueT nirh Ep]e
yu nirh) a>ufh (zpk]smi}] cuvunirh) pIth
(mL nirh) kZh (kruunirh) |o vRL ek][
x[Et]zth ecy{eTut[.
"kpi]]>uf] pIt] kZ]Eti pZk[ pZk[
zb]f] ztiy] eevsY] sUzd]Eti vivit]
(viupu>]fh)
kpi] zb]fN; a>uf] ztiyN; pIt]
eevsYR; kZ] sUzdR.
kpi]>ufpItkZvRL[ zpEtYkh zpEtYkh
zb]fN, eevsYN, sUzdN ù pry eTuu.
2. zpEtYkn]mh
"zbztiyviT[sUzd]" x[mZti
aRh: zb]fztiy eevsYsUzdR
"zb]fh ztiyh eevsYh sUzdW" x[mZti
aRh: zb]fnuh ztiynuh eevsYnuh sUzdnuh.
"zbv] |dmzg AxIt[" bZH. \pniS[
aRh: AdYh zbem O>u j]ti te Bvic{u.
"axZjt zth" bZH. \pniS[
zp]cIn my]h
127
aRh: zte (ztiyen xZic{u).
"vismxZjt[" - bZH. \pniS[
aRh: eevsen xZic{u.
sozdh vRmxZjt[ - bZH. \pniS[
aRh: sUzdj]tiey xZic{u.
|o zpm]fee][ |tiTiy zpEtYk
n]mL zb]fN, ztiyN, eevsYN, sUzdN
`tuk]kuu ù xiiuu.
3. jMBUmi
"x>xVtIdZSdVEtY]REvnEdY]>Yd>h
th EdvniRith Edsh zb]vRh zpvYEt."
mnux[mZti
aRh: x>xVtieyuh, dZSdVtieyuh pryeTu
EdvndikueT mYEdsh EdvM]>]EReTue
zb]vRemu pryeTuu.
"tx[miN EdEs y Ac]> p]>>Yzkm]gt
vR]n]h x]>]]n]h x xd]c]> \cYEt"
mnux[mZti
aRh: A Edsil È]<uh mH]M]R vxiu
tin]l zb]f]divRLuh x>j]tikLuh
si]c]>h an]diy]yi aviTil niuh \]kuu.
zp]cIn my]h
128
|o zpm]fh ek][ c]tuRvRYh \]yt[
zb]vRil ni]ef[ xiic{u.
4. kR]v[
"kZtv]N zpBu" - g]yztitzh
aRh: zpBuvin]l ecy{eu.
"c]tuRvRfYh my] xZh" - Bgvl gIt
aRh: c]tuRvRYh `]l xZieu.
|tukL ek][ c]tuRvRfYniyme xZic{t[
xc{ id]]v]y Bgv]n]ef[ xim]yi.
5. jnnk]h
"vRzsmviB]g Eztt]y]h kZtv]N"
g]yztitzh
aRh: vRzsmviB]ge Eztt]yugil ecy[tu
`tuek][ |tie jnnk]h Eztt]yugi
]efu xiic{u.
6. zpEy]jnh
"E]k]n]u vivZYRh" - mnux[mZti
aRh: E]kueT vRnuEvi, `tuek][
|tie zpEy]jnh E]kvRn(>)y]efu eti
yuu.
zp]cIn my]h
129
Hiumt]nux]>ikL[ Ad>fIyeu xt
mu zpm]fil k]fuviDh Emr mUu mutl
Ar[ ve> k]>Yilniu zpBuv]yi>u Bgv]N |o
vR]zsmviB]ge zb]vRilvc{u E]kueT
vRnuEvi \]i ù m]yi.
|o niymh E]kvRn]yii>iu iti[
Eztt]yuginumu[ kZtyugiuh |o vRn
avsYh Evt]yi>i]En t>muU.
"Ado kZtyuEg vRE] nZf]h Hhx |ti x[mZt"
B]gvth
aRh: Adiyil kZtyug[ mnuSYR `}]v>uh
HhxM]R ù pryeTu O>u vRh m]ztm]yi>uu.
"n viEsES]i vR]n]h xRv{h zbmidh jgd["
B]>th
aRh: EH yuDii>! pu E]kh vREBdh
kUT]et OE> j]tiy]yi>uu.
"~kvRmidh pURv{h visVm]xIdYuDii>" - B]>th
aRh: EH yuDii>! pu E]kh vREBdh
kUT]et OE> j]tiy]yi>uu.
"zb v] |dmzg AxIEdkEmv" bZH. \pniS[
|o zpm]fe}]h "Eztt]yh kZtv]N zpBu"
`tin]uh kZtyugil |o viB]gh \]yi>ui
e}u k]fuu. kZtyugiuh E]kvZi AvsY
zp]cIn my]h
130
mut]yi>uiuh A k][ ~ReTu]ti>i]nuh
Ezttve> t]mxi]nuh k]>fem[ ?
"kZtkZtY] zpj] j]tY] tx[m]l kZtyugh vidu"
B]gvth
aRh: zpjkL jnn]l te kZtkZtYM]>]yi>i
y]l kZtyugemu pryeu.
"ctuS[p]XkE] DR xtYh eecv kZEt yuEg
n]DREf]gm kiMnuSY]N zptivREt."
mnux[mZti
aRh: kZtyugil DRvuh xtYvuh n]u
p]dm]yi>uu. atil mnuSYe> aDRin]u]ku
duKh pIQiiui}.
|o zpm]f]l kZtyugil DRh tiku
xhpURm]kuhvmu]yi>ueuh, atin]l jnL
vREBdh kUT]et OE> j]tiyil niS[ kHZdy>uh
\p]xk>uh DRi>um]yi>ueuh, atin]l avR[
y]et]>Upzdvuh En>iii}]yi>uu ùh, Evu
k]>Ye av>vRte niRb]D[m]yi zpyh ecy[tu
nivRic{uEp]u ùh, Aytuek][ a][ |o
viB]gh AvsYei>uie}uh eviv]uu. `]l.
"Eztt]yuEg BiDiEy]" - B]gvth
aRh: Eztt]yugil (mnuSYR) vip>Itbuik
]yi Bvic{u.
|tE>SV]gm]R p]dsVvE>]pit
zp]cIn my]h
131
co>ik]nZtm]y]BiRR]eepti p]ds
mnux[mZti a 1
aRh: mu yugil (Eztt]yugh mut]y)
Em]Sfh, axtYh, vWn |o kZtYee][ Dnh,
vidY mut]yv x]dinimih DRh, xtYh |v
O]E>] p]dm]yi kuryuu.
|o zpm]f]l Eztt]yugh mutl[ DRh
zkEmf kuruh aDRh vRic{uh vi>uu ùh,
jnuh aDRi>]yi Bvic{u ùh k]fuu.
atuek][ A k]h (Eztt]yugh) mutl[ |o viB]gh
AvsYeuvu. |t]kuu kZtyugiEReT]ti>i
]nuh Ezttve> t]mxi]nuh k]>fh.
7. aTi]nh
"c]tuRvRfYh my] xZh gufkR viB]gs"
BgvlgIt
aRh: gufkRviB]ge aTi]neTui
c]tuRvRfYh `]l xZieu.
"zbf] pURv{xZh Hi kRBiRvRt]h gth"
B]>th
aRh: zb]vin]l p[ (`} ] mnuSY>uh) xZi
eu. kRh ek][ (p) vRe zp]pic{u.
"kRzkiy]viEsESf c]tuRvRfYh zptiith"
g]yztItzh
zp]cIn my]h
132
aRh: kRueT EBdgtiek][ c]tuRvRfYh
zptiieu. |tilniu c]tuRvRfYie
aTi]nh vZiEBde Azsyic{]ef[
vYm]kuu.
8. |i gufkRuven
| viB]gilvc{u `[
zb v] |dmzg AxIEdkEmv tEdkh xpYBvt
[EzsEy] >UpmtYxZjt zth y]EnYt]ni Edvzt]
fIEz]v>uf Ex]Em] >uzd pREnY] yEm] mZtYu>I
s]n |ti. tx[m]l zt]l p>h n]i tx[m]l
zb]f ztiymD]dup]x[ Et >]jxUEy zt ~v
tdYEs] dD]ti eexS] ztxY Ey]ni>Yd[ zb
tx[m]dYdYpi >]j] p>mt]h gti zbeev]t
\pnizsyti xV]h Ey]nih y \ ~nh Hini xV]h x
Ey]nimZti x p]pIy]N Bvti y] Ezsy]hxh
HihxitV]. (bZHd]>fYEk]pniS[)
aRh: "AeeEvdmzg AxIl" ùeT[
Ash ek][ vivitm]yi>iu zxZzbh
y]et]E] (aiey xZic{u) zb]fj]tYBim]nmu
AY]km]yi>iu at[ ~km]ztm]yi>uu. p>ip]
n]di ecy{utinu "Ezt"E]TukUT]et kRi
n]yie]u mtiy]yi}. atuek][ A zbkRZtV
viBUti]yi[ zps>Upem]u viEsSm]yi xZic{u.
at]yt[ "zth" |zN, v>ufN, ymN, mZtYu>Is]nen
ien y]vci>uE] avR Edv(M]>il) ztiy
M]R.
zp]cIn my]h
133
"x eenvpYBvXvismxZjtiy]EnYt]ni Edvj]t]
ni gfs AKY]yE vxEv] >uzd] AditY]viEsVEdv]
m>ut |ti." (bZHd]>fYEk]pniS[)
aRh: zb]fj]tYBim]nmu A aipu>uSN
(muNEp]l) zdvYx]dY]>En]TukUT]et kRin]yi
e][ mtiy]k]et (Ep]yi) eevsYj]tiey xZic{ u.
A EdveevsYM]R ~ve>]l vxuL, >uzdM]R,
AditYM]R, viEsVEdvM]R, m>uuL ìen vRh
vRm]yi pryeTuvR te.
"x eenvpYBvXsozdh vRmxZjt. puSfmiyh
eev puESyh HIdh xRv{h puSYti ydidh kiW"
bZHd]>fYEk]pniS[
aRh: piIT[ |vN (A aipu>uSN) p>ic]>k
ni}]y]l kRin[ Ak]ti>u[ sUzdvRh (j]ti)
xZic{u. pUS]v[ |o sUzdvRil EcRvn]kuu.
|o pZiviy]ke pUS]v]yiu Bviuu. è]l
|oyu (BUtj]h) `}]h Ep]Siiuu.
"k]mEB]gzpiy]I[ f] Ezk]Dn] zpiyx]Hx]
tYxVDR>]hg] Et dVij] ztt]h gt]"
aRh: viSyxuKil |Ey]TukUTiyv>uh
x]Hxil zpiymuv>uh Ek]piM]>uh Ayi
xVDRe viu >Ej]gufE]Ti>u zb]fR
ztiyM]>]yi Bvic{u.

zp]cIn my]h
134
Eg]Su vZih xm]D]y pIt] kZSYupjIvin
xVDR]nutii Et dVij] eevsYt]h gt]
aRh: psup]nvuh \<vuh te vZiy]yiu
vc{ uek]u >Ej]gufvuh tEm]gufvuh \v>]yi
xVDRe tYjic{v>]y zb]fR eevsY>]yi Bvic{u.
Hihx]nZt zpiy] u] xRv{kREm]pjIvin
kZ] socp>izB]x[Et dVij] sUzdt]h gt]
aRh: ek]yuh kvuh zpvRiuv>uh
E]Bikuh \pjIvnin[ `[ kREyuh anui
uv]N mTiyi}]v>uh tEm]gufsI>uh socmi}]
v>uh p>izBM]>um]y zb]fR sUzd>]yi Bvic{ u.
9. nTumur
n viEsES]?i vR]n]h xRv{h zbmidh jgt[
zbf] pURv{ xZh Hi kRf] vRt]h gth B]>th
aRh: vREBdmi}. E]kh mu<uvnuh zb
xhbm]yt[ Akuu. zb]vin]l pURv{h xZi
eu. avnve kRh nimih vRe x]dic{u.
sUEzd] zb]ft]Emti zb]feeti sUzdt]h
ztiy]]tEmvu vidY]eedVsY]eev c
mnux[mZti
aRh: sUzd>uh zb]f>]kuu. zb]f>uh
sUzd>]kuu. ztiy>uh eevsYpuzt>uh |zpk]>h te
Akuu `[ ariyfh.
zp]cIn my]h
135
|o viSyh B]>tie anus]xnpRv{ il
vi]>m]yi k]fic{i>iuu:
~Biu kRBiREvi sueeB>]c>ieet]
sUEzd] zb]ft]h y]ti eevsY ztiyt]h zvEjl
aRh:a}Ey] Edvi! |o (muNec]) kR]uh
xd]c]>in]uh sUzdN zb]fn]kuu. eevsYN
sUzdn]kuu.
~eet kRPeeREvi nYUnj]tikuE]v
sUEzd]pY]gmxE] dViEj] Bvti xhZt
aRh: a}Ey] Edvi! t]<[ j]tiyil t]<[
kuil jnic{ sUzdenuv>ikiuh avN |o
kRueT Pin]l s]z]nmu]yi
p>isun]yi dVijn]yi Bviuu.
zb]Ef] v]pYxd[ vZiRv{ x>EB]jn
zb]fYh xmnulxZjY sUEzd] Bvti t]dZs
aRh: azpk]>h zb]fn]yi>u]uh
duRm]Riy]yuh x>EB]jiy]yuh Akuu ìl
zb]ftVE]Tu EvRe[ sUzdnyi Bviuu.
kRBi suciBiREvi! su]] vijiEtziy
sUEzd]pi dVijvlExvY |ti zb]nus]xnh
aRh: a}Ey] Edvi! kRin]uh p>isut
y]uh p>isu]]v]yi |ziye jyic{vN sUzdn]
zp]cIn my]h
136
yi>u]uh dVijenEp]e ExvieTvn]kuu
`[ eedvniymh.
xVB]vh kR c suBh yzt sUEzd]pi titi
visi x dVij]EtR eev viEy |ti Em mti
aRh: y]et]>u sUzde xVB]vvuh zpvZiyuh
p>isu]yi>iuu. A sUzdN dVijEn]uh \mN
(viEsSv]N); |t[ è aBizp]ym]kuu.
n Ey]niR]pi xh]E>] n zsuth n c xti
k]>f]ni dVijtVxY vZEmv tu k]>fh
aRh: jnnh, mt]nu]nh, s]zzpyh, kuh |v
dVijtVh xiiutinu k]>fm]kyi}. atiE[
Ac]>Em k]>fh.
xREvS]h zb]Ef] E]Ek vZEn c viDIyEt
vZE itu sUEzd]pi zb]ftVh niyti
aRh: E]kv]xik]y `}]v>uh Ac]>h ek]u
te zb]f>]k]h. xd[vZiyii>iu sUzdnuh
zb]ftVh xiiuu.
zbxV]B]v kY]fi! xm xRv{zt Em mti
niRgufh niRh zb yzt titi x dVij
aRh: a}Ey] kY]fi! zbie xVB]vh
`}]yiTuh OuEp]ete |>iuu. niRufvuh
niRvum]y zbh ~vniuE] avEn zb]fN.

zp]cIn my]h
137
~tE guHYm]KY]th y] sUEzd] BEvdVij
zb]Ef] v] cYuEt] DR]l y] sUzdtVm]p[ nuEt
aRh: sUzdn[ `zpk]>h zb]fn]k]N k<iyuEm],
zb]fN DRn]shek][ `zpk]>h sUzdn]kuE]
atie >HxYviSyL nin]yi pryeu.
|tuEp]e B]>il |niyuh p iuh
k]f]vut]f[ .
xtYh d]nh m]sIh anZshxYh tEp] GZf]
dZsYEt yzt n]Egz! x zb]f |ti x[ mZt
aRh: xtYh, d]nh, m, xd]c]>h, s]t, tp[,
k>uf |tukL A>ii>iuE] a}Ey] n]Egz! avN
te zb]fN.
jiEtziEy] DRp> xV]DY]yni>t suci
k]mEzk]Do vEs yxY th Edv] zb]fh vidu
aRh: ~vN |ziye jyic{vEn], DRe
anuiuuEv], Evd]DYynil |yuvEn],
p>isuEn], ~vn[ k]mEzk]DL vs]yi>iu
uEv] avene EdvtkL zb]fen[
ariyuu.
yxY c]xEm] E]Ek] DRxY xmnVit
xRv{DRESu c>th Edv] zb]Ef] vidu
aRh: ~vN E]ke> teE]e ni>UpiuE],
DRil ]nvuh zpscivuh \vEn], Emuh
zp]cIn my]h
138
~vN DR]nu]nil |yuvn]yi>iuuEv]
avene EdvtkL zb]fen[ ariyuu.
B]>th A>fYkpRv{h yyuDii>xhv]dh `
Gil |niyuh |o k]>Yei pri>iuu.
y \v]c
>]jN! kuEn vZEn xV]DY]yn zsuEtn v]
zb]fYh Ekn Bvti zpzbUEHYtl xuniith
aRh: a}Ey] >]j]Ev! zb]ftVh, kui
n]E], nTy]E], Evds]zpninE] ~tin]l
\]kuu? |o niye n}Ep]e pr]uh.
yuDii> \v]c
sZfu y! kuh t]t! n xV]DY]Ey] n c zsuth
k]>fh Hi dVijEtV c vZEmv n xhsy
aRh: a}Ey] y! au Ek]uh, zb]fY
inu kuh Evds]zpnh |tukL k]>f]kyi}.
xd]c]>h tey]kuu dVijtVk]>fh xhsymi}.
|tuve> `Tuuk]fic{ pdY]l O>u zpvZi
ecy{u pit]m]tZil jnic{ O>uvn]ke t]en
O>u zpvZi ecy{uvn]ke me]>u zpvZiy]l
Ever j]tiyi]k]emuh |tin]l t]<[ j]ti]>N
\yR j]tiyiuh \yRvN t]<[ j]tiyiuh v>uem
utuek][ | j]ti ù niyiutiEu
zpvZiyuh gufvuh te muKYeu etiyuu.

zp]cIn my]h
139
10. t]>tmYh (]nh) at]yt[ \i
"..................,muKb]HU>Up]dt" - mnux[mZti
aRh: muKh, eek, tuT, p]dh |o ]nil
ni[.
zb]Ef]xY muKm]xIl. b]Hu >]jnY kZt.
\o>U tdxY yeedVsY. pd[BY]h sUEzd] aj]yt
pu>uSxUh
aRh: zb]fN |ve muKm]kuu. >]j]v[ eek
Akuu. eevsYN tuTy]kuu. p]dil niu sUzdN
jnic{ u.
|o zpm]fL ek][ O>u s>I>il muKb]HU>U
p]dueT muKY]muKYtkL Ep]e zb]fztiy
eevsYsUzd>]y n]u vRLuh ~urc{il \e
u xiiuu.
xRv{vRESu tuY]xu pISVtEy]niSu
AnuE]EmYn xhBUt] j]tY] ey]eeyv Et
mnu. 10.5
aRh:n]u vRiuh te j]tik]yuh
vYBic]>Ed]Smi}]v]yuh |>iu DRpiey
viv]Hh ecy[t v>e bIjhek][ A DRpi
zpxviu puztM]R anuE]mYm]yi at]tu
j]tike[ ariEyt]kuu.

zp]cIn my]h
140
an]>Ym]>YkR]fm]>YW]n]>YkRifh
n zpD]>Y]zbvI]t] n xmo n]xm]viti
mnu 10.72
aRh: zb]fe et]<iien ecy[t]uh sUzdN
zb]fj]tiy]yi Bviut} . è]l avnu
zb]fj]ti et]<iil aDik]>mi}E}]. sUzdkZtYe
ecy[t]uh zb]fN sUzdn]yi Bviyi}. è]l
avN HInkRe ecy[t]uh ave j]ti \yRt
}Ey]. |zpk]>hte |o viSye zb]vuh niyh
ecy[ti>iuu.
|tY]di zpm]f][ |o zb]]f]di n]u
suh >U]efuh gufkRL AR[
ènyi>u]uh zb]ftV]dikL[ atukL
xhbm]yi y]et]>u nYUntyuh v>ikyie}uh Af[
|d]nInM]>ueT (zb]f>ueT) v]dh. `]l |v>ueT
|o v]din[ |o >Uemt[ aTi]nm]ky]l |o
>Ueyuh |tinTuvyuh atY]vsYuh Ay
Ey]g>U]dikeyuh pi O>u viv>fh |vieT
k]fi]ti>u]l |tiu xhgti mu<uvnuh
`}]vRuh D>iutin[ ùmi}]tin]l atiE
e]>uuu.
xhZtB]Syil v]ukL, n]mh, AKY]th, \p
xRh, nip]th ìen n]u zpk]>iu[. |v
yil n]mh `tu j]tish, gufsh, zkiy]sh,
xh]sh ù n]u zpk]>mu[. |tukUT]et
sh, kh, vYkh ù Ever mUu viDiu[.
zp]cIn my]h
141
|tukil semtien viv>ic{u k]fiutinu
Evi ssiyueT fe t]e< k]fiuu.
ax[m]]dymRE] Eb]vY
|tIsV>xEti
aRh: "| sil ni[ | aRe
Eb]DiEt]kuu ` |osV>xEth (niymh)
Akuu si" ù ci>uh
aRx[mZtYnukUpdpd]Rxhbi
aRh: "O>u se EkLuE]L atinu
aRh O]Ryil v>utinuk]>fm]y pdpd]R
ueT tiu xhbm]kuu si" ù Ever
ci>uh pryuu.
|o siy]ke xmud]ysieyuh avyvsi
eyuh >uviDh pryeTuu. |tukil xmud]y
siey >Ui ùh avyvsiey Ey]gh ùh
pryuu. |en ~etiuh aRe Eb]Diiu
tinu siey vHic{ sviEsSm]kuu muN
pr sh. |o sm]ke >Uh, Ey]g>Uh,
yogikh, yogik>Uh ìen n]u viDh.
>UeeYv aREb]Dk >U
aRh: >Uiek][ aRe Eb]Diiutu
>Uh.
zp]cIn my]h
142
>Ufh: avyvsieen>EpEYf xmud]y
sim]Eztf buYEt tzdUh.
aRh: y]et]il avyvsiey aEpi
]et xmud]ysiey m]zth Eb]DiiuuEv] A
pdh >Uh. \d]H>fh: pZivi, jh mut]yv.
Ey]g>Ufh: yzt tu avyvsi viSEy
xmud]ysi>pYi tEdY]g>Uh
aRh: y]et]>u sil avyvsiu
viSym]y ep]>uil xmud]ysiyumi>iuuEv] atu
Ey]g>Uh. \d]H>fh 1. pjh ` pdh. pil
(Ecril) niu jnic{etu avyvsiu
viSym]y aRe xmud]ysiek][ "t]m>U"
ù Eb]Diiuu. 2. ST[pdh ` pdh. ST[ Ar[ ,
pdh p]dL. Aruk]ut[ `[ avyv]Rh. v[
`[ xmud]y]Rh.
yogikfh: yzt avyv]R ~v buYEt
tdYogikh.
aRh: y]et]>u sil ni[ avyv]Rh
m]zth ariyeTuuEv] atu yogikh. \d]H>fh:
p]ck ` pdh tnt[ O>u avyvm]y pc[ `
D]tuvie aRm]y p]kh ecl `tiEnyuh ak[
` zptYyie aRm]y kR]viEnyuh EcRu
p]khecy{uvN ` aRe Eb]Diiut
}]et |o pdh mu y]et]>u aREyuh Eb]Dii
ui}.
zp]cIn my]h
143
yogik>Ufh: yzt tu yogik]R>UYR
Ey]V]tzYEb]DkdYogik>Uh.
aRh: y]et]il yogik]Rinuh
>UYRinuh p>>xV]tzYh (Oien]u xH]yh
kUT]et) Eb]DiiuuEv] atu yogik>Uh.
\d]H>fh: \id[ ` pdh. \Edic{u (piRu) ek][
Em[Ep][ pureuv>u vZt]dikEyuh atie
xH]yh kUT]et O>u y]giEnyuh Eb]Diiuu.
|t]f[ >UY]diviv>fh.
zb]fztiy]di sL O]mt]yi prye
>Uvkuil EcRvy]kuu ùh avyv]Rh
ciic{iu k]>Ymie}uh gjtu>g]disL pviD
mZgj]tike Eb]Diiu n]m]kutuEp]e
zb]f]di suh pviD mnuSYj]tike Eb]Di
iu n]m]kuu ùh |o mnuSYj]tiyiu
vkEBde zx]v]y |osV>nuh pE>]]n
s>]y mHRSikLuh m]ztEm ariv]N k<iyU ùh
atin]l \mgufe Bic{tuek][ aDmvkuu
k]R \mvkuiuh, aDmgufL EHtuv]yi[ \m
vkuuk]R aDmvkuiuh Akyie}uh, at]tu j]ti
yiuv>ueT puztpoztp>>kL m]ztEm at]tu j]ti
y]kyuU ùh Af[ |d]nInzb]f>ueT v]dh.
|v>ueT |o xi]vuh |tinukUm]y
xkzpm]fuh xRv{]bem[ t]e< k]fiuu.
ptiyueT mH]B]SYh >]h Aikil
nvIn]EyReTuu se nY]y]nux>fh
zp]cIn my]h
144
kifemu pryuu. m]EHsV>xUzth >]h ni>u
iuh s]kT]ynvY]k>fiuh "n]me}]h D]tu
il niu]yv"eyu pri>iuu. a}]etyuh,
D]tu, zptYyh |tukee]u n]me \]u
AL, A D]tuvieyuh zptYyieyuh aRe
tYjic{ i[ sm]zth ek][ y]et]>u k]>fvuh kUT]et
n]me ~ReTui ù pryut[ axhbm]
kuu. |]uh niGV]dikueT vY]KY]t]M]>]y
B]nudIitR mut]yvR O>u se ìuh avyv]
Rh kUT]et viukyui}. atin]l ak]>fk
L ae}il a]tk]>fkL Ay n]me
>Ueuh ]tk]>fke Ey]g>Ueuh
pryutu te yum]yi>iuh. Aytin]l avy
v]Rmi}]et y]et]>u svumi}. k]]DikYh EHtuv]
yi[ ci sueT k]>fh ariy]etvtin]l
avyv]Rh m]k]et |>utuek]u m]zth atu
ke >Ueu pryuu. aen >UL a]t
k]>fkL `}]et aB]vk]>fkl (avy
v]Rmi}]v) Aef[ O>iuh xiiui}.
|ni |o zb]f>ueT xi]zpk]>h zb]f]di
sL >Uvkuil EcRvye}u k]fiuu.
zb]fN: zb]vie \m]hgilniuh jni
c{tuek]uh AdYm]yu]ytuek]uh zbe
(Evde) D>ic{tuek]uh "zb]fN" - mnux[mZti.
zp]cIn my]h
145
zb]vie puztn]ytuek]uh zbe (Evde)
piuvne}il ariyuvn]kek]uh zb]fN
- p]finIxUzth 6.4.171.
ztiyN: ztil (Apil, murivil)
niuh zt]fnh ecy{ uvN (>iuvN) "zth".
ztie xti "ztiyN" p]finIxUzth 41238.
|niyuh zth ` v]ie p>Y]yn]mm]y >]j `
v]in[ duM]>ueT \pzdvilniu nIi >iiu
vN ù mH]B]>til aRh k]fuu. |tu
kUT]etyuh >]jxN, >]jpuztN, ztiyN, ztpuztN
|o n]mL xRv{]Rn]m]yiuteyi>iuu.
atin]l ztsh k]>fkh teeyuh >U
vkuil EcRte}uh xiiuu.
eevsYN: eevsYN ` v][ "vis[" ` D]tuvil
ni[ \]ytuh et]<iukil zpEvsic{vN `[
aRmut]y "vis" è]>u n]mh (>Uph) kUTiyu
tuh Akuu.
niGuvY]KY]nh: pieyuh |tie p>Y]yL
`} ]h DnikN È] kc{ vT]>N È] \
aRe Eb]Diiutuek][ |vyuh k]>f
kLteeyu etiyuu.
sUzdN: |o pdh "suc[ Es]Ek" ` D]tuvil |u
]ytuh Es]kiu(duKiu)vN `Rmutuh
Akuu. (vY]x>ueT Evd]xUzth). |tien s>]c]>Y
>ueT Ti xUztB]SYvuh niGuvY]KY]nvuh t]ir
yuu. |tilniuh sUzdN mu mUuvkuuk]>ueT
zp]cIn my]h
146
(zb]fztiyeevsY>ueT) zkiyke ecy{utinu
buiey Bi]tuek]uEs]kiuvN ae}il
Es]kiuviDmu t]<[mEy]TukUTiyvN Aefu
k]>fh ek]uvtin]l |o svuh k]>fkh
te. atuek][ |o sL Ouh te
avyv]Rh |}]tuvye}uh timih >U
e}uh xiiuu.
11. |o niymile BUmikL
x>xVtIdZSdVEtY]REvnEdY]>Yd>h
th EdvniRith Edsh zb]vRh zpcEt
mnux[mZti 2.17
aRh: x>xVtieyuh dZSdVtieyuh pryeTu
EdvndikueT mYzpEdsh EdvM]>]l ~ReTue
zb]vRemu pryeTuu.
ku>uEztW mXY] p]W]] sU>Exnk]
~S zbRSiEdEs] eev zb]vR]dn>h
mnux[mZti 2.19
aRh: ku>uEzth, mXYEdsh, p]W]Edsh,
\>mDu> |o EdsL zbRSikL vxiu
Eds]kuu. |o L zb]vREdsE]h
s}]GY}.
HimvdViYEy]RYh yl zp]gVinsn]dpi
zptYEgv zpEy]g]c{ mDYEds zpkIRit
mnux[mZti 2.21
zp]cIn my]h
147
aRh: Himv]N pRv{tinuh viYpRv{ tinuh
mDYm]yi x>xVti mr vijnEdsinu ki<]yuh
zpy]gu pTi]r]yuh |>iu zpEdsh mDYEdsemu
pryeTuu.
Axmuzd]u eev pURv{]d]xmuzd]u pim]l
tEy]E>v]>h giE>Y]>]>YvRh viduRbuD]
mnux[mZti 2.22
aRh: ki<E xmuzdh tuTi pTi]Er xmuzdh
ve>yu muNpr pRv{tueT mDYzpEdsh mH]M]R
aDivxiu A>Y]vRemu pryeTuu.
kZx]>u c>ti mZEg] yzt xVB]vt
xEEy] yiEy] EdEs] Em} Edst p>
mnu. 2.23
aRh: kZx]>em m]n]ke ~tu il
xV]B]vikm]yi xW>iuE] A Edshtey]f[ y]gh
ecy{utinu Ey]gYm]yt[ mu EdsL asu]y
Em}Edseu pryeTuu.
|o zpm]f]l c]tuRvRYvYvyueT jnn
BUmiy]y zb]vRil jnueT aBivZi
nimih aviTh tEp]nu]nLu mtiy]k]y]l
A SikL aTuu vijnzpEdsil vu
Hitm]kuhvh t]mxic{u. atuek][ A zpEdsinu
zbRSiEdsem xh xiic{u. |o h zb]
vRie aTuu etuki<]yi]kuu. |tie
vTEah zb]vRie aTu pURv{difB]g
zp]cIn my]h
148
u Hinpu>h mut]ytien O>u k][ aRBvi
ic{uek]i>u ku>uEztvuh mDYil p]W]Eds
vuh sU>Exnkvuh (at]ytu mDu> ae}il muzT]yuh)
difil mXYEdsvuh Akuu. d]R]U>ie
pTi]ruh ejyiU>in[ 40 eeml vTumu vi>]Th
(eeb>T[) ` zpEdsh O>u k][ |tie
zpD]n]nm]yi>uu. |o vuh jnnibiQm]y
E]L SikL Ek]xh mut]y mDYEdsil vu
t]mxic{u. ~kEdsh mDYk]u]ytuek]uh pURv{
pimxmuzdueT |Tyiu BUmiyueT ~kEdsh
mDY]>i]kek]uh aTuu prye zbRSi
Edsh \LeeT Ek]xh mut]yvu mDYEdsh ù
xh Bic{i>ifh. |tie pim]vDi (58)
ku>uEztvuh, pURv{ ]vDi zpy]gyuh, diEf]>]vDi
kL viY]Him]y pRv{tum]kuu. |vieTyuh
ghg]ndiyueT \>tI>il AdYh SikL vu
t]mxic{tie EsSm]f[ muv>uh avieTvu
niretuh atin]l SikL ghgyueT
diftI>il vxi]n]>hBic{u ùh, SikL
t]]Lte DY]n]dikLu vijnzpEdse
aEnVSiuv>]kek]uh v][mIki>]m]yfil
(b]k]h) visV]miztN mut]y SikueT
AzsmL diftI>iuh aEy]Y mut]y
L \>tI>iuh vRietuek]uh
\oHi]vut]f[ . |en k]zkEmf pURv{ pim
xmuzduETyuh Him]yviYpRv{tueTyuh a
>]BUmi Axkh jnueT v]xm]yiu Bvic{u.
|o u mu<uvnuh vR]zsmDRL \]yi>uu.
zp]cIn my]h
149
vR]zsmDRueT avDiuLevR[ A>YM]e>
uh muvR[ Em}M]e>uh Ep>iu vYvH>ic{uv>uu.
A>YN ` v]in[ (gto gtYR]n]h ]n]
R]n]h) arivuvN ùh Em} sin[ (Em}[
apsE) n}vh xhB]Sfh ecy[ v]nriy]vN
ùh aRm]kuu. A>YM]R vRic{tuek][ |o
in[ A>Y]vRemuh mu L[
Em}EdsL ùh EpR kii.
|til niu c]tuRvRYniymie avDiyiuL
e BUmikL, pURv{pimxmuzdLuh viYHim]y
pRv{tLuh a>]BUmiy]y A>Y]vRm]efu
xiic{u.
Emlpr zpm]f]l jgiy]v]yi>iu
Bgv]N zb]vRii>uu Eztt]yugil E]k
ie vRn]yi[ gufkRviB]ge aTi]n
eTui O>u s>I>il muKh, b]Hu, \o>u, p]dh
|tukueT t]>tmYzkminu vRemu x]m]nYn]m
E]Tuh zb]fztiyeevsYsUzde> zpEtYkn]m
E]TuhkUTiy c]tuRvRYvYv]pney zb]vRh
tuTi A>Y]vRh mu<uvniEumu niymm]yi[
~ReTui ù vYm]yi.
|o my]Edsm]ke zb]vRieyuh A>Y]
vRieyuh atiRiyiuLete}uh atin]l
|vieT c]tuRvRYniymh A k]il nTi]yi>u
ie}uh |tilniuh vYm]kuu. Emr
atiRiupurEmyu `}] Eyuh Em}Eds
zp]cIn my]h
150
euh `}] Aukeyuh Em}M]e>uh O>uEp]e
k>utiE]i>u A>YM]R tueT ci zgil
my]in]yM]e> Em}]niup>iy]yi kic{i>iu
tute a]e n]yM]>ueT bHum]nYt[ O>u
mtiy]y etiv]kuu. |enyi>iEv |o my]i
n]yM]>il sUzds]E>]pfh ecy[ v]N, zpm]f
yuYnuBv]l tY]jYm]yi tiy p>>]vk]sh
ek]uEp]uh ARuh aRHtyie}u etii
>iuu.
|niyuh vRvYtY]xh zpkZtYnux>fm]yi>iu
tin]l y]et]>u xmud]yinuh me]ie Eml
j]tiEzst B]aviuv]N aRHtyie}utinu
Emlk]fic{v kUT]et t]e<ryu xhgtikuh
gfnIy]kuu.
"g[EBY] j]th eevsYvRt]m]Hu, yjuREv{dh
ztiyxY]HuR Ey]nih; x]mEvEd] zb]f]n]h
zpxUti" - eeti>Iyzb]fh
aRh: zb]fe jMh x]mEvdil niuh,
ztiye jMh yjuREv{dilniuh, eevsYe jMh
EgVdil niuh Akuu. eesvs]zil sive
avyvilniuh c]tuRvRfYmu]yi ùh
eevvs]zil viuvie avyvil ni]
efuh s]Eyil si(Edvi)yueT avyvil
ni]efuh k]fuu; Ak]eT En]iy]l vR
vYtY]xinu k]>fh E]kvZi m]ztm]kuu.
atnux>ic{[ `}]yiTuh `]uh pm]ti>i
zp]cIn my]h
151
itiEBdL \]yie]i>i[ kuu. (bZHd]>fY
Ek]pniSilniuh muil EcRi>iu B]gh
En]uk). puE>]Hite>umyueT Ed]SPe O<ic{u
En]uky]efil nueT kRBUmiyileyuh
pu>]tnk]h mut[ E |tie p>m]Rh s>iy]yi
ariyei>uu ù eviv]kut]f[. \d]H>fm]yi
t]e<ryu zb]ffh En]uk.
"aiEH]ztzvtp>]N xV]DY]yni>t]N sucIN
\pv]x>t]N d]]h]N Edv] zb]f]N vidu
]h d]h mitEzk]Dh jit]]nh jiEtziyh
tEmv zb]fh mEnY EsS] sUzd] |ti x[ mZt]
.........................................
n j]ti pUjYet >]jN guf] kY]fk]>k]
c]mpi vZh th Edv] zb]fh vidu
gotmxhHit
|niyuh, zb]fvRh mnuSY>il m]ztm}]
EdvM]>iuh \eutinu muNk]fic{ bZHd]>fY
Ek]pniSd[ B]SYh etiv]yi>iuu ùteyum},
O]E>] juEyuh x]DnEyuh pi pryuiT
e]e |o m]ti>i vRvYtY]xh pupE
vYv]pitvuh Akuu. \d]H>fm]yi An, xRh
mut]y juiuh, >]gh, xV>h mut]yvyiuh
c]tuRvRfYh Ey]jiic{ uk]fuu[. zgvi>By
]uh |ovk xhgtikL v]yn]R[ duS[zp]p
m}]y]uh |vieT zpEtYkh viv>iui}.
zp]cIn my]h
152
|zpk]>h c]tuRvRfYie nini[ atie
aTi]nm]y gufkRviB]gh k]>fm]ky]l
atii>iutin[ at]tuvRiE[ niyi
eiu gufkRuvN m]ztEm Ey]gYn]vU
ùh a}]vN vRie pitZm]tZilni[
jnic{vn]y]uh A vRii>i]N Ey]gYn]k
yie}uh ~etiuh O>u vRil jnic{vnil A
vRiEu Evt]y gufkRi}]ti>iyuh
muvRiEu tt]y gufkRu]yi>i
yuh ecy[t]l y]Ey]gYh m]iv]emuh azpk]>h
|uve> ecy[tuv>uueuh |en gufkRe
Azsyic{}]et mEtuviDm]y]uh |o niymin[
aTi]nmi}]t]yiE]kuemtuek][ k]]>il
muNpr xk ~R]Tukuh nsic{u vRx]hk>Yh
xhBvic{uEp]kuemuh c]tuRvRfYniyminumu[
èn |>uuEv] azpk]>h te (k]EBdem]<ic{[)
AyiI>uemuh xiiuu.
`]l |E]<e nTumur |tin[ anukUm]
yi]kuu. atieny]kuu (muil prye) >]
me pi>iv]y kuipU>fmtemu pryut[. atie
xVB]v]dike aTu aY]yil viv>iuu.

zp]cIn my]h
153
aY]yh 10 - c]tuRvRfY]B]xvuh
zb]fmtvuh

sUzd]y]h zb]f]]t Ezsyx] Ecl zpj]yEt
aEzsy]hEzyxIh j]tih gtY]xp[tm]dYug]l
aRh: zb]fN viv]Hh ecy[t sUzdzIyil
jnic{ knYk zb]fene viv]Hh ecy[ti[
avLuh puztikL jnic{[ av>uh azpk]>h te ~ zb]fene viv]Hh ecy[tuek]u
v]l ~<]mtu tmuryil jnic{ vR zb]fj]ti
y]yiI>uu.
sUEzd] zb]ft]Emti zb]feeti sUzdt]h
ztiy]]tEmvu vidY] eeVsY]eev c
mnux[mZti
aRh: Emlpr zpk]>h zIxti v<iyil sUzd
kuil ~<]me tmuryil zb]fnu jnic{vN
zb]fn]kuu. A sUzdzIyilte zb]fnu
jnic{ pu>uSxti sUzdtVe zp]piuh. ztiynu
sUzdzIyil jnic{ zIxti ztiyen te tuTR[
viv]Hh ecy[tuek]uv]l aW]mtu tmuryil
ztiytVe zp]piuu. eevsYnu sUzdzIyil jnic{
zIxti mUu tmurve> eevsYene viv]Hh
ecy[tuek]u v]l eevsYtVEyuh zp]piuh.
zb]fj]tiyil \ zIpu>uSM]R viDizpk]>h
viv]Hh ecy[t[ av>ilni[ jnic{ puztpoztp>>
zp]cIn my]h
154
k]yi v>uvR m]ztm]f[ zb]fj]tikL ù
k]fuu. |o aBizp]yzpk]>h, vRvRnu j]ti
|etu kupiTiEttY]vsYm]ky]l atiEu
m]Remeu En]]h. mnuSY>iu gufkR
viB]gee]u kupiTi]emuvc{]l, zb]f
e et]<iien ecy[t]l sUzdN zb]fn]vukEy]
sUzde et]<iien ecy[t]l zb]fN sUzdn]vukEy]
ecyie}u k]fuitiuh ~tuj]tiyiuh ~tu
kRvuh vYv kUT]et k]f]emutin]uh
atien j]tifm]yi xVIk>ic{ukUT]. gufkR
viB]ge O<ic{]l j]ti kupiTiutin[ \pk>iu
t]yi pryut[ >U(v]d)ey]f[. |t[ tIe>
aTi]nmi}]t]ef[ muil te ]pic{u
k<ii>iuu. |ni, "kpi]>ufpItkZ]"dik]y
vRee]u j]tiniRyh ecy{]h ù vic]>i
uph av p>>vi>um]yuh vYvyi}]etyuh
k]futuek][ atiE[ tIe> \pk>iui}. pie
j]ti anux>ic{u dtike ti>eTuutinu me]>u
m]Rvuh \t]yi Et]ui}.
gufkRe O<ic{[ mu y]et]uh j]tiviB]gin[
aTi]nm]yi vukUT] ùh p]>>Yizn[
atiE[ aTi]nm]i kiutu s>iye}uh
\tiE[ ci zpm]fe t]e< EcRuu.
1. B]>th anus]xnpRv{ h
aEt] zb]ft]h y]Et] visV]miEzt] mH]tp]
ztiy Ex]pY t] zbvhsxY k]>k
zp]cIn my]h
155
aRh: mH]tpxViy]y visV]miztN ztiyn]yi>u
iuh piIT[ zb]fn]yi. a}]etyuh zb]fvhs
inu k]>fm]yi.
2. viupu>]fh 4.10
zpti>]l kfVxY]pi EmD]tiiRy{t kfV]yn
dVij] bBUvu
aRh: ztiyn]y zpti>e puztN kfVN. kfV
e puztN EmD]tii. EmD]tiiyilni[ kfV]yn
zb]fR xk>uh \]yi.
puzt zpti>xY]xIl kfV xmBvZp
EmD]tii xutxY yx[m]l kEfV]Bvd[ dVij
aRh: kfVN zpti>e puztN. EmD]tii ave
puztN. avnil ni[ k]fV]ynzb]fR Bvic{ u.
mH]vI>Y]du>uEy] n]m puEzt]BUl. txY zty{]>uf
puS[k>ifo kpi puztztymBUl tc{ ztitympi
p]l vizpt]mupjg]m.
aRh: mH]vI>Yen ztiyn[ \>uyen
puztN Bvic{ u. avnu zty{ ]>ufN, puS[ k>N, kpi
|en mUu puztM]R \]yi>uu. |o mUuEp>uh
piIT[ zb]f>]yi Bvic{ u.
3. B]>th H>ivhsh aY]yh 32
divod]xxY d]y]do zbRSiRiztyuRZp
zp]cIn my]h
156
eemzt]yftE]memEzty]u tt x[mZt]
aRh: divod]xenve puztN miztyu `
>]j]v[ zbRSiy]yi. aEHie puztN eemzt]y
fN. eemzt]yfe puztN Ex]mN. Ex]mnil ni[
eemEztyzb]f>umu]yi.
Ekvh ztiyR m]ztEm zb]f>]yiuU ù
prv]N p]Ti} ]. t]<[ j]ti]>uh zb]f>]yiu[.
]pu>]fil EcR xHY]zdiKh \>]R
il t]e< pryuviDh k]fuu:
azb]EfY td] EdEs eekvR]N EzpY B]Rv
CitV] td[bish kf[E yxUztmkyt[
aRh: zb]f>Hit>]y A Edsil B]RvN
muuvM]e> k[, av>ueT cUey Kic{ uki[
kyrien pUfunU]yi D>iic{u.
Emuh |zpk]>h O>u j]tiyilniu Ever]>u j]ti
kRh nimih \]kutukUT]et O>u vhsilte
kRk]>f]l zb]f]diy]y n]u j]tikuh
\]kuu ù k]fuu. |tinuh aEnkzpm]fL
B]>th, viupu>]fh mut]y zgil \[.
4. viupu>]fh, ahsh 4, aY]yh 1
ku>uS]l k]>uS] ztiy] bBUvu
zp]cIn my]h
157
aRh: (zb]fn]y eevvxVtmnuvie puztM]
>il O>uvn]y) k>uSnil ni[ ~vuh bmu k]>uS
M]e> ztiy>u]yi.
n]B]Eg] Endipuztu eevsYt]mg]t[
aRh: A eevvxVtmnuvie me]>u puztN
EndiN. ave puztn]y n]B]gN eevsYn]yi Bvic{u.
pZSzQu gu>uEg]vD]l sUzdt]mgml
aRh: A eevvxVtmnuvie Ever]>u puztny
pZSzQN `vN gu>uvie psuvien ek]tin]l
sUzdn]yi Bvic{u.
5. viupu>]fh ahsh 4, aY]yh 8
sk]EsgZXmd]zEy]xY]BvN
gZXmdxY sonk]tuRvRfYzpvRyit]
aRh: (xunEH]ztnu) k]sN, EsN, gZmdN
|en mUu puztM]R. gZXmde puztn]y sonk
nil ni[ n]u j]tiku]yi.
H>ivhsil |o EsN ù n]me sN
ùh sonkN ` n]me sunkN ùh `<uti
yi>iuu.
xunEH]ztxY d]y]dzy p>mD]Rik]
k]s s dV]Evto t] gZXmd zpBu
zp]cIn my]h
158
aRh: xunEH]ztnu k]sN, sN, gZXmdN ù
mH]DRiM]>]y mUu puzt>u]yi>uu.
puEzt] gZXmdxY]pi sunEk] yxY sonk]
zb]f] ztiy]eev eevsY] sUzd]eev c
aRh: gZXmde puztN sunkN. ave puzt
M]>]y sonkM]R zb]f>uh ztiy>uh eevsY>uh
sUzd>uh Ayiu Bvic{u.
B]RxY B]RBUmi>t]tuRvRfYzpvZi
aRh: B]Re puztN B]RBUmi. B]RBUmiyilniu
n]u vRumu]yi.
6. B]>th H>ivhsh aY]yh 32
~EtSVhgi>x puzt] j]t] vhEs B]REv
zb]f] ztiy] eevsY] sUzd] B>tRSB
aRh: BZguvhsE]TuEcR ahgi>ie puzt
M]R zb]fztiyeevsYsUzd>]yi Bvic{u.
7. B]>th H>ivhsh, aY]yh 11
n]B]g]>ipuzto eevsYo zb]ft]h gto
aRh: n]B]g]>ipuztM]>]y >u eevsYM]Ru
zb]fYh xiic{u.
eevvxVtmnuvie poztn]yi>u[ eevsYn]yiBvic{
n]B]gN `vN H>ivhsem zpm]fil n]B]g]
>iN ` xhy]l pry[eTuu. Endie puzt
zp]cIn my]h
159
n]y |o n]B]gN ae} il n]B]g]>iN `vN nIc
kR]l eevsYn]yi Bvic{tuEp]ete eevsYM]
>]yi Bvic{u. |tin]l O>u vhs]R O>u k]u nIc
kR]l nIcj]tik]yi Bvic{u ìuh mrupTiyuh
A vhs]R te \mkR]l \yR j]ti]>]
k]emu xiiuu. |tuve> `Tuuk]fic{ s]
zpm]f]l pURv{ ikM]R niymic{ j]tiu k]>fh
kRm}]et jMemu v>ui} ùtu niS[p
p]tik]y `}]EpRuh niym]kuemu vic]>iuu.
|ni |tiE[ Evdilniuh ci zpm]fe
\>iuu.
8. koSItkizb]fh
m]Ym] x>xVtY]h xztm]xt. t]pi kvES]
mEY niSx]d. th EHm \Ep]duR]xY] eev tVh
puEzt]xi. n vyh tVy] xH ByiSY]m |ti. x H
zkU zpdvX>xVtIEmEtn xUEn tu]v. th
EHmmEnVy]y t \EH Em ni>]g] |v EmniE> th
H]nV]vZEtY]cu. ES! nmx[ Et au. m]En]
HihxIVh. eev n EzsS[E]xi yh EtVymEnVtIti. th
H ypy]hczkuxY H Ezk]Dh vininYu. (x ~S
kvSeexYS mHim] xUxY c]nuEvdit])" (ko. zb].
12.3)
aRh: nTuv(mYm)e>u viieTu (AsV]
ynxUh 2.4) gZXmd, visV]mizt, v]mEdv, azti,
B>dV]j, vxi mHRSim]R x>xVtItI>[ (O>il)
O>u xzth nTi. av>ueT |Tyil aE]L kvSN
zp]cIn my]h
160
kyri |>uu. aEHe |vR "nI aTimeFpi
(d]xIpuztN) Akuu" ìen sk]>ic{u. aEHh
Ek]pic{u x>xVtiey Emlpr (zpEdvEztti) xUh
ek]u utic{u. aE]L Edvi aEHe cU<[u (kUTi)
v>iky]l avR, aEHh niS[ kMSenuvc{ [
aTuuec[ "a}Ey] ES! mzdZ]Ev! aEu
nm]>h. wLu Ezd]Hh ecy{>uEt! y]et]>u ae
|o Edvi anuzgHic{ uvuEv] atin]l au
wil Ezsn]kuu" ìen pr[ avR
aEHie Ek]pmTi. (|o xUe \]iy
(kupiTic{) Aet]f[ |EHie mHim).
koSItkIzb]fil k]fic{ tuEp]e e`tE>y
zb]fiuh d]xIpuztn]y |o kvSe kyu[ .
9. koSItkI zb]fh dVitIy pWik], tZtIy]Y]y
"SEy] eev xtxVtY]h xztm]xt[. Et kvSeem
uSh Ex]d]dnyNd]xY] puzt kitEv] azb]f
kh En] mEDY adIiEti. th bHiREnV]dvH
eeztnh pip]x] Hu, x>xVtY] \dkh m] p]diti. x
bHUREnY] duH[ pip]xy] vi ~tdEp]
np[ztiympsYt[, zpEdvzt] zbEf g]tuE>tViti."
aRh: (zpxiiep) Sim]R x>xVtItI>u
O>u xzth A>hBic{til niuh |USpuztn]y kvSen
d]xIpuztnuh DURnuh azb]fnu(sUzdnu)m]y |vN
èn nueT |Tyil |>u[ ykZtYmRHiuh"
ùpru purhti, aEHe O>u \oS>BUmi
yi]i x>xVtiyie evh kUTi]et (d]Hh |ven
zp]cIn my]h
161
ek]}e) m>ifemu niyic{u. aEHh |en
(niR) m>uBUmiyi]e[ d]Hhek][ vE]L
"AEp]np[ ztiyh" ` mze dRsic{[ (kupiTic{u).
10. Evdil 'kIv]N' ù bHum]nYn]y
suzdzIpuzte kpryuu[ .
"Ex]mp]V>fh kZfuHi zbfEt kIvh
y Oosij"
aRh: a}Ey] zb]fEt !|o Ex]mp]nh
è y]ven]>uEn] "\sik[" `vueT puztN A
kIv]enE]e zpk]smuvn]iecy[ t]uh.
suzdnu vidYuh Evd]Yynh mut]yvuh aDik]>
mie} ]f[ zb]f>ueT v]dh. |tie]yi[ Evd
Evd]hgiu p zpm]fLuh avR pURv{ph
ecy[tu kZztim]RL ki]N zsmic{ iu[. |o
viSyil avRu Ouve> buimuin[ |Ty]iu
tuh |E]<uh mu<uvN i>eT]et kiTutuh Ay
O>u viSym]f[ C]E]EgY]pniSie j]nzsutYu
p]KY]nh. atie xhgtix]>h t]e< EcRuu.
'j]nzsuti' ae}il "pozt]yfN' ` zpBu te
m]ikyil \riiTi>uu. aE]L muu HhxL
avieT prupi. atil O>uvN '|o j]nzsuti te
mH]EkmN' ìen pru. atuEk[ me]>uvN
'eH! ù pru! vidY]viHInn]y |vn]Ef] EkmN?
viEy]TukuTiy '>yikV'en Ekmenu pryfh' `[
apHxic{ u. |o an]d>v]kYh Ek[ j]nzsuti te
zp]cIn my]h
162
kurvutIR]N ~t]nuh xVRvuh psuuh muhek][
>yikVe aTul ec[ tniu zbvidY \pEdsif
emu aEpic{u. 'kh" kh! `T]! sUzd]! nie
psuL ninute |>ie' ù aEHh
ni>xic{u. j]nzsuti ti>ic{uvu te puztiyuh xu>i
yuh Ay O>u knYkEyyuh Ayi>h psuEyuh
~t]nuh >Eyuh muhek][ >yikVe aTul
vIuh ecu. avey xVIk>ic{uek][ aEHh
j]nzsutiu zbvidYEy \pEdsic{u.' |tie mUh
t]e< EcRuu:
11. x]mEvdh C]E]gY \pniSu[ (4-]h zpp]h,
xhvRvidY, j]nzsutYop]KY]nh)
1. tduH j]nzsuti pozt]yf ST[st]ni gv]h
niS[ kmsVt>I>h td]dy zpticzkEm thH]BYuv]d.
2. >yiEkVm]ni ST[ st]ni gv]myh niS[Ek]ymsVt>I
>E]num ~t]h BgEv] Edvt]hs]Diy]h Edvt]mup]x[m
|ti.
3. tmuHp> zpgYuv]c]H H]E> tV] suzd teevv
xH Eg]Bi>Viti tduH punE>v j]nzsuti pozt]
yf xHzxh gv]h niS[ kmsVt>I>h duHit>h td]dy
zpticzkEm.
4. th H]BYuv]d >yiEkVdh xHzxh gv]myh
niS[ Ek]ymsVt>I > |yh j]y]yh zgEm] yx[mi]
EEVvm]Bgv s]DIti.
zp]cIn my]h
163
5. txY] H muKmEp]d[gZH[ fuv]c]jH]E>m]
sUzd]Eneenv muEK] n]]pyiSY] |ti Et eeHEt
>yikV pR]n]mmH]vZESu yzt]x[m] \v]x
tx[eem EH]v]c.
12. zbxUztvuh s]>B]SYvuh.
Eml k]fic{ EvdB]gie suzdsin[
kZtim]Rh ecy[t xUztuh avyueT B]SYueT
aRuh aTiyil EcRuu. (B]SYLu,
anubh 2 En]uk).
xUzth: sugxY tdn]d>zsvf]d]zdvf]l
xUcYEt Hi. 34.
B]SY]Rh: mnuSYRu vidY]Dik]>mueu
xi]ic{uh vc{ [ ~tuzpk]>h EdvM]Ruh viDie
uEv] azpk]>h sUzdnuh viDY]Dik]>mueu sey
nivZi]n]f[ |o aDik>fh A>hBieTut[.
sUzdnu vidYyiDik]>mu[. sUzdnu y]gil
aDik]>mie}u niESDietuEp]e vidYyiuh
niESDiet]yi EkLui}. sUzdn[ (anitVh)
y]g]iyueT |}]y[ myu['. |o 'anitVh' tniu
kRil aDik]>mie}utinu k]>fm]kuem
} ]et at[ vidY]Dik]>niESDinuh k]>fm]kui}.
AvHnIy]diy]y y]g]iyi}]vnu vidYey zgHi
]N k<iyute}umi}. vidYyil sUzd]Dik]>e
zpbIk>iutin[ xhvRvidYyil j]nzsutiy]yi
>iu pozt]yfN. Evdzsvfinu |ic{ E]L
zp]cIn my]h
164
>yikVe xhEb]Dnv]kYil zpEy]gie suzd
sh p>]mRskm]yi>iuu. at]yt[ 'kh kh kh
`T] sUzd]. nie psuL ninute Bvie'
`]f[. vidu>]dikL sUzdEy]niyil jnic{v>]yi
>uiuh visivi]nxmiyuv>]yi>uu ù
x[m>ic{iumu[. |o k]>f]l sUzdnu vidY]Dik]>mu
eil n]mizpk]>h pryuu. èney]l sUzdn[
Evd]Dik]>mi}]tin]l vidYyiumDik]>mi}. Evdh
pic{ vnu m]ztEm Evd]RiumDik]>mu]vuh.
sUzdnu Evd]Yynmi}E}]. è]l Evd]Yyn
inu \pnynxh]>h k<i]e viDiyuu. \pnyn
Em] (dVij]dikL) zbzteevsYM]Ru m]ztEm
viDic{iuu. (x]mRYh) siyi}]ti>iuE]L vidY
yil aEpyueutum]zth aDik]>k]>fm]yi
tI>ui}. s]zIyk]>Yil s]zIyk]>Yil
s]zIym]yi>iu x]mRYh vidY]Dik]>inu mti
y]vuumi} . sUzdnu Evd]Yynh niSim]ky]l
tXhbiniy]y siyuh ni>]k>iei>iy]
fE}]? nY]yinu x]D]>ftVmut]ky]l ~tu
nY]y]l sUzdnu y]giumDik]>mi}Ey]? atute
vidYumDik]>mie}utien xUciiuu.
xhvRvidYyil sUzdsh EkLeTuky]l sUzd
nuh vidY]Dik]>mueu vic]>iy]efil nY]y
vi>um]ky]l atuh k]>fm]kui}. è]l
nY]yvcninu ihgdRsnh EdY]tkm]kuu. |vieT
nY]ymu]kuumi}. |o sUzdsh xhvRvidYyil
|>i y]l A vidYey]il |>iu sUzden m]ztEm
zp]cIn my]h
165
aDik>iuuu. 'xhvRvidY' aRv]dGi]k
y]l |o sUzdsh tniu mu vidYkil O>iTuh
aDik]>mu]kutinu zsmiui}. |o sUzdsh
aDik]>viSyil m]ztEm \pEy]giu ù
eteny]efueil pry]h: '`T], vidY]HInn]
yi>uiuh (O>uen) |o j]nzsutiey viEy]Tu
kUTiyi>iu ee>kVEn]Tu xdZsn]iryuE]" `
Hhxv]kY]l te an]d>e zsut]vn]yi>iu
aj]nzsutiey pozt]yfnu duKmu]yi. |tien
Siy]yi>iu ee>kVN suzdshek][ xUciic{t[.
j]tisUzdn[ vidY]Dik]>mi}]ky]l te pE>]
]ne ariyiutin]yi]efu Et]uu.
tni[ (suk)Es]kmu]eyu sUzdshek][ xUci
eTut[ (èney]l) suie Azdvfh
EHtuv]yih, suien aBizdviy]uh,suin]l
aBizdviee[, suE]eT]kUTi ee>kVen aBizdvi
ec{uh, suzdsinu avyv]Rmut]ky]uh
>U]Rmi}]<iky]um]kuu. `]l |o aRh |o
j]nzsutYup]KY]nil k]feTuumu[.
xUzth: ztiytVgEtEsV]>zt eeczttEn ihg]l. 35.
B]S]Rh: |tuEHtuv]yiuh j]nzsuzti
j]tisUzdn}. y]et]ie k]>fh zpk>fe
ni>Upiy]l Tm]kuu èney]l |o
j]nzsuti[ xhvR vidYyueT \>B]gil
eeczt>n]yi aBizpt]>iy]yi>iu BztiyEn]Tu
mxBivYvH]>h (kUiEc{Ru prk) `tu EHtuv]l
ztiytVh Eb]YeTuu. xhvRvidY]v]kYEsS
zp]cIn my]h
166
i]fu eeczt>iy]yi>iu aBizpt]>iey
ztiyN kIRieTut[. at]yt[ an>h
xutn]l p>iviSYm]fM]>]yi (vihb>eTuv>]yi)
sonkn]yi>iu k]ExniEyyuh zbc]>i
Biic{u `]f[. aBizpt]>i tniu k]EpyEy]gh
EHtuv]yi[ (eczt>itV) cizt>e vhsiuvn]
efuutuh m]kuu. è]l "|tuek]]f[
eeczt>nu '|tuek]]f[ eeczt>en k]EpyM]R
yjiic{ t[." ` Evdv]kY]l eczt>nu k]Epy
Ey]gmueuh ariyeu. tuYvhsM]Ru miv]ruh
tuYvhsM]R m]ztEm y]jkM]>]kuuu. atu
EHtuv]yi[, eeczt>ieyu zpxin]y O>u ztpti
yu]yi ùh Evdv]kYil ztptieyu Eb]Di
y]l eeczt>iu ztiytVmueuh m]kuu.
ztiyn]yi>iu A aBizp]t]>iEy]TukUTi j]nzsuti
u tuYy]yi>iu vidYviSyil xIRnh
Bviy]l tniuh ztiytVmueu xUciuu.
tuYM]e> m]ztEm miv]ruhkUiEc{Ru prkyuu.
xUten ayuk mut]y e`sV>Ey]gmi>iy]uh
j]nzsutiuh ztiytVmueu eviv]kuu. |tu
EHtuv]yiuh j]tisUzd[ vidY]Dik]>mi}.
xUzth: xh]>p>]mRs]dB]v]Bi]p]c{ . 36.
B]SY]Rh. |tu EHtuv]yiuh sUzdnu vidYu
aDik]>mi}.
è]l vidY]zpEdsil \pnyn]diy]>i u
xhx[k]>L p>]mRsieTuu. 'aven \pnyiic{u
zp]cIn my]h
167
Bgv]en!" piiEEf ù pruh ek]u
\px]dic{u ùh Evdp]>gM]>]yuh xugufzb
niM]>]yumu B>dVj]dikL zbe ti>i[ |o
pi[]dN `}]h pryuemu niyic{[ avR ky{il
cmtyuh vc{ uek][ Bgv]n]yi>iu pi]den
zp]pic{u ùh "ave> \pnyii]et" ùh EkL
y]l Evd]Yyninu \pnynzp]p[ti k]fiuky]l
Evd]Yyninu \pnynzp]p[ti k]fiet]yi
eyi>iuu. "sUzdN n]m]e vRvuh ~k
j]tiyuh" `[ xm>ic{i>iy]uh sUzdl p]ph avuh
|}]tin]l avnu xh]>h AvsYmie}u prk
y]uh sUzdnu xh]>mie}u pryeTuu.
xUzth: td[B]vniR]>Ef c zpvZE 37.
B]SY]Rh: |tu EHtuv]yiuh sUzdnu vidYyiDi
k]>mi}. è]l xtYvcn]l t]N suzdne}u
\r]iytie EsSEm j]b]en gotmN \pnyi
iutinuh aBYxiiutinuh zsmic{iuu. |tien
viEvcic{ u pryutinu zb]fn}]vN Ey]gYn]ku
i}. a}Ey] xomY! nI ec[ cmteye]uv],
nie \pnyii]h. nI xtYil etiyi} ` Evd
v]kYh (ihg) k]>fm]kuu.
xUzth.: zsvf]Yyn]RzptiESD]l x[mZEt. 38
B]SY]Rh. |tu EHtuv]yiuh sUzdu vidYyil
aDik]>mi}. è]l x[mZtizpm]f]l sUzd[
zsvfinuh aYyninuh zptiESDh k]fuky]l,
EvdzsvfzptiESDvuh Evd]YynzptiESDvuh x[m>i
zp]cIn my]h
168
eTuu. zsvfzptiESDh zpyet[ èney
]l, "|vN Evde EkLuky]l |oyvuh
em<ukumu>uiey]<ic{[ |ve ecvike niruk" ùh
pdYu HEvtY]di v]kY]l sUzdxmIpilvc{u
aYynh ecy{>uetu EkLuky]l xmIpilvc{u
Ep]uh viDiy}] Evd]Yynh tni[ aEsSh p]Ti
e}uh S[Tm]kuu. 'aztyum}] sUzdN Evdmuc{>ic{]l
n]u kifemuh, D>ic{]l s>I>e eviiR
femumi>iy]l, Evd]R]ninuh tdnu]n
inuh p]Tie}u xim]kuu. "sUzdnu ]ne
ek]Tu>uetuh" aYynh, y]gh, d]nh, |tukL
dVij]dikL]efuh Evdzpm]fvuh k]fuu. pURv{
jMil ecy{e xh]>zp]p[tiy]l vidu>N, DR
vY]DN tuTiy sUzd!u ]En]iyu]yi>uu
eviuh ]ninu e`k]ikPtVmutin]uh
|tiH]xpu>]fe c]tuRvRe zsviif
em EHtuv]uh avRu Pzp]p[tiey zptibi
i]N k<iyut}. Aky]l EvdpURv{km]yi>iu
vidY]Dik]>h sUzdn[ viHitme}i>iuu."
j]nzsuti >yikVe aTulec[ \pEdsh Evf
em[ aEpiukyuh >yikVN "kh! kh! sUzdn]y
ninu prut>ikyi}]; nie zdvYh nIte
`TuE]" ù \Epic{u pryukyuh ecy[tu. sUzdnu
vidY]Dik]>mi} , aven y]et]u piic{uEp]k>ut[
ù niymh zpbm]yi nTuv>u k]]ky]l,
|o v]uEkukUTuE]L," O]EH] è >yikVN
sUzdenu eti>ic{uEp]yi. atuek]]f[ |zpk>h
zp]cIn my]h
169
pru niESDic{t[ . ù j]nsZtiu n}tiNvh
mni]yi>iuh. t]N suzdn}yi>uu ìl (epeu)
"aEy{] w]N sUzdne} , | j]ti]>n]ef" ù
\TN pryum]yi>uu. azpk]>h y]et]u ecy{]tu
ek]u j]nzsuti j]tisUzdn]efuh timih
sUzdsinu avyv]Rmie}uh v>uu.
a}]etyuh |o j]nzsutYup]KY]nh Ek]l
x]D]>f vidV]M]REp]uh |o sUzdsinu j]ti
sUzdteye aRm]yi zgHi]en |Tyuu.
aente D>ic{umi>iuemu k>utiy]f[ xUztB]SY
k]>M]R Aytien mrutinu mnpURv{h pURv{ph
ecy[tu niESDic{uh vc{u Ever zpk]>il xi]ic{u
ve> Oe beu p>]zkme k]fic{i>iut[;
|tien AE]ciuE]L |zpk]>h O>u xi]h
ecy[tie}il j]nzsutiu `}]Ep>uh j]tisUzdtey
e niyic{ukyuemu B]SYkR]vuh ni>Upic{iu
t]yi etiyuu; j]nzsuti >yikVe v]u Eku
kUTuE]L atie x]D>f aRm]y j]tisUzdtey
ey]f[ mni]iytu ùh |tuek]uh
niyi]vut]f[.
at}, >yikVN A>m]yi>utiy avyv]Re
t]N arituek]]yi>uu mi]et Ep]yetil
"vidY]viHInn]y O>uven" ù prtiEku
vYxnic{ u atien p>iH>i]N En]iy j]nzsutiu
>yikVe mEn]gtEyuh suzdsin[ ax]d]>f
m]yi ek]uv avyv]REyuh ariyutinu
tt]y pE>]]nvuh s]R s]zp]itY
zp]cIn my]h
170
vuh \]yi>i]nuh |Tyi}. Aytin]l atuh
Ec>ukyi} . |o nY]y]l j]nzsuti j]tisUzdenuh
avyv]Rh vY]kitemuh etiyuu.
pieyuh, avyv]Rh xVIk>iuph
j]nzsuti j]tisUzdn} , ztiyn]efuh, aE]L
Evd]Yyninu anRHne} uh v>fh. A iti[
Ene> \pEdsic{ uek]Tu]et "kh kh" ù pru
niESDic{ t[ \citm]Ey]? atizsEy]TukUTi vYxnic{ u
v>uvnu \pEdsi>uetu v} niESDvumu]yi
>ui]efil atu zpm]fvi>um]kuu. \pEdsi
e]}]et viuEp]k]tuh AdYh \pEdsi]et
\Epi]N k]>femu k]feTutum]y vYxn
E]TukUTi |>iEvte >]mtu \pEdsic{umi>iuu;
|zpk]>h v>uvN Akuu \pEdsieT]N p]zt
emut[, 'vidY]y]h vYxnh' mut]y zpm]fLuh
yuYnuBvLuh anux>fm]yumi>iuu.
j]nzsutiyueT p>ip]ktey p>Ii]n]yi>uu
ìl muilUi pE>]]nhek][ arii
>iu >yikVnu p>I EvE}]. Evfemu
v>upil aEHh pE>]]nhek][
ariyu Ae}uh aE]L suzdsbdh avyv]R
me}uh v>uh.
j]nzsuti[ aE]L \]yi>u Bizs
mtiy]k]y]l Aytien vRii]n]yi>uu ìl
ve>]h t]mxiiyuh suzsUSiiyuhmuhecy[tu
xUic{u kri[ pruek]TuEt]yi>uu.
zp]cIn my]h
171
p>Ii]n]efiuh azpk]>hte "dV]ds]u
suzsUS]h" `}Ey] zpm]fh pryut[. |vieT atuh
anuiei}. Ene> mric{[ '|yh j]y] ayh zg]Em]'
ì>iy]l "gu>uEv] bHvi siSYvi]
pH]>k]
15

15
siSYe Dne apH>iu gu>uM]R aEnkh Ep>u[ `Rh.
" Èp]e p>Ii]N En]iyt[ kUTutl
difey>utiy]efu Et]uu. EverviDh
pryutinu y]et]>u m]Rvuh k]fui}.
t]N AdYh \Epic{]l >]mtu \pEdsiE
t]yi v>uh. aE]L aTu BviSYienE]uh
ariyutinu pE>]]nh tni[ |e}u
vuEp]kuh; Aytu s>iyum} È]Ru mic{u
ky]et \Epic{tien En]uE]L `} ]EpE>yuh
Ep]e m]xdZiek][ purEm aE]L kzpk]>h
arii>iuem}]et >yikVN te pE>]]nh
ek][ ariyukEy] Aytien eviu xUciif
emu k>utukEy] ecy[tiie}uh AdYh \Epic{i[
>]mtu \pEdsiyuh Eveu tiEyc{ u kUTut]yi
kiiyE]L mTi xVIk>iyuh ecy[ttin]l
`]y]uh zdvY]BinutEp]e zpvRif
em} ]et te v]inuh zpvZiuh vYvEkTu
xhBvi>uetu vic]>inu mUvuh nY]yvum]y
O>Bim]nh >yikVnu \]yi>uie}u k]futin]l
|o sUzdsh avyv]Rme}uh j]nzsuti j]ti
sUzdN te ùh xiiuu.
zp]cIn my]h
172
Emlk]fic{ xUztB]SYil O>ud]H>fm]yi xVIk>i
c{i>iutuh j]nzsutYup]KY]nhEp]e |o viSy
il O>u zpm]fm]yi pryeTutuh Ay j]b]e
keyi xVh cii]h:
j]b]k]x]>h.: 'j]b]N gotme aTu[
aDYyninu ecu. gotmN ave Ep>il
sUzdsyu]yi. j]b]ene][ t]N sUzdne}u
xtYhecy{ic{ EsSEm piic{uek]Tuuu'.
|tienyuh sUzdN vidYu pupE anRHn]ef
utin[ O>u dZ]m]yi zb]fR pryuu[.
sUzdN vidYu anRHenuh atin]l aven
y]et]uh piic{uEp]k>uetuh muin]e niESDi
eiu[ j]b]N ect[ aBYxi]num]yi>uu.
aE]L gotmN j]b]ene][ , sUzdne}u xtYh
ecy{ic{tin]l gotmN j]b]enuric{[ sUzdsyu]
yi>ueuh timih |vN ne kbiic{[ vidY]
Em]Sfin]yi vi>iy]efu xhsyh aEH
ie \il jnic{i>uu ùh niyhte: pie
sUzdN anZtv]]Efu zpm]fvuh \[. |en
avisV]xieyu etiyu j]b]e v]ien
gotmN visVxiyuh xEHilniu EvRepTukyuh
ecyi}. gotmN j]b]e j]tiniRyh ecy[ Et
k<iyU ù niRbmu]yi>ueil j]b]en
n}p>icymuv>]y zb]fE>]T[ AE>]eTiuh
aEHh p>m]Rh Ec]dic{riyum]yi>iu. azpk]>h
ecy[tt]yi k]fuumi}. \pnyiiyuh piiyuh
zp]cIn my]h
173
ecy[tiumu[. |et}]hek][ gotmN mnpURv{m]yiu
sUzden piic{ukUeTE] piic{]l tniuh pic{]l
avnuh Ed]SmueE] sUzdne}[ v>ikiE pii
]vu È] \ aBizp]yh \]yi>uie}uh A>]
y]uh ù j]tiy]y]uh s>i, zsyuve> pii
femu aBizp]yEm \]yi>uuu ù m]
kuu.
xm]D]nh: `]l xtYh ecy{ic{etin[ ?
niESDh: atupry]h sUzdnu zb]fsuzsUS O<ic{[
me]>u nMuh aDik]>mie}uh, A>uh Ouh piic{u
Ep]k>uetuh, avnve |Ep]e ci xEtL
~ReTui avey an]dizpm]f]nux>fh nTu
tinu zs]u]yi>u a]e zpbM]E>]T[,
w]N xtYh ecy{ic{tilpiIeT pruek]Tuuu
ù xm]D]nh pr[ xteTuuti
E]yium]ztm]yi>uu.
|ni Eml]fic{ B]geuTRu, \pnyn]di
ek][ zbviDYu aRHt xiiyie} uh, x]Dn
ctuyxn]f[ atieu aRHenumutinu
zsIEvd]xUztB]SYh O]h aY]yh, O]h p]dh,
O]h aDik>fh, O]h xUztB]ge t]e< EcRuu.
"a]Et] zbji]x]" |ti xUzth. B]SYh tzt
a s An]>Y]R p>igZHYEt n]Dik]>]R
zbji]x]y] anDik]>YtV]l mhgxY c
v]kY]RE xmnVyB]v]l aR]>zpyu ~v Hi
a s zsUtY] mhgzpEy]jEn] Bvti. pURv{ zpkZt]
zp]cIn my]h
174
Ep]y] Pt An>Y] vYtiE>k]l. xti c
An>Y]REtV y] DRji]x] pURv{vZh
Evd]Yynh niyEmn]EpEt ~vh zbji]x]pi
yl pURv{ vZh niyEmn]EpEt tdVvYh.
xV]Y]y]n>Yu xm]nh. nViH kR]vEb]D]n
>Yh viEsS n DRji]x]y zp]gpYDIt
Evd]n>Yh zbji]Ex]ppE. y] c
HZdy]dYvd]n]n]m]n>Yniym zkmxY vivittV]l
n tE HzkEm] vivit EsSEsSiEtV aDikZt]
Dik]E> v] zpm]f]B]v]l DRzbji]xEy]
Pji]x]EBd]c{. aBYudyPh DR]nh tc{]nu
]n]Eph niEzsyxPu zbvi]nh, n
c]nu]n]>]Eph. BvY DRE] ji]ExY] n
]nkEi pu>uSvY]p]> tztV]l |H tu BUth
zbji]xYh nitYniRvZtV]l n pu>uS vY]p]>
tzh. Ec]dn]zpvZi EBd]c{ . y]Hi Ec]dn] DRxY
fh x] xVviSEy niyu]eenv pu>uSmv
Eb]Dyti. zbEc]dn]tu pu>uSmvEb]D yEtYv
Ekvh avEb]DxYEc]dn]jnYtV]l n pu>uES]v
Eb]ED niyUjYEt y] ]R xikRESf]R]v
Eb]ED tdVl, tx[m]l kimpi vvYh ydn>h
zbji]Ex]pdisYt |ti, \cYEt, nitY]nitYvu
viEvk |H]muzt]REB]g vi>]g smdm]di x]Dn
xl mumuutVW. EtSu, Hi xXu zp]gpi DR
ji]x]y] \oRVW skYEt zb ji]xituh
]tuW. tx[m]dsEn yE] x]DnxtY]n
>YmupdisYEt.
zp]cIn my]h
175
gufkRe aTi]neTui m]ztEm vR
vYtY]xh \]yi>i]N p]TuU ùh atiEu
p]>>Ye aTi]nm]iryutu pisk]efuh
AdYk]h mutlu p]>>YBim]yuh anuE]m zpti
E]mgtik]yuh vREBdu]yiueuh muil
zp]vic{ u. |tiEu Ever]>ud]H>fm]yi zb]f
vRie O>u ep]tu viv>fvuh puztpoztp>>y]
zb]fe>Bim]nic{ [ p>iS[ k]> zp]p[tiu b]Dk]yi
IRi>iuv>il ci>ueT \lpikuh |vieT
EcRuu. |vRu vRvYtY]xh xhbic{uh vR
x]D]>fm]yuh ùm]zth bHum]nYt x]mud]yik
m]yi xhBvi]emu v]yn]R te tIRc{eTui
e]e.
]pu>]f]Rt x]HY]zdiKE]>]Rh
O]h aY]yie x]>h:
cit[p]vnzb]Ef]i (mH]Edvxhv]dh) zb]
fR zpD]nm]yi >uviDmu[. (1) pWzd]viQR (2)
pWgoQR.
pWzd]viQR: (1) zd]viQM]R (2) eet]hgM]R (3)
kR]TR (4) mYEdsgM]R 5) guRj>M]R.
pWgoQM]R: (1) goQR, (2) x]>xVtR, (3) k]nY
kub[jR (4) \lkR (5) eemiR; av] (1) ztiEH]zt
M]R (2) aieevsYM]R, (3) k]nYkub[ jR (4) kEn]
jyR (5) eemzt]yfR.
zb]f>ueT ep]tu avk]sL:
zp]cIn my]h
176
1) zbg]yzti, (2) EvdkRh. (3) aYyn]Y]
pn]dikRh (4) BuhjYtVh (5) EB]jnIytVh (6) viv]Hh
(s]Kuh Eg]ztinuh O[).
zb]f>ueT Ac]>L (EdsEd]SL)
1. guRj>Eds[ Et]il Aiy evh (cR]hbu)
xVIk>iuk (\pEy]giuk) (2) difEds[ d]xI
gmnh (3) kRf]TEds[ p}uEti} ]y[ m (4) k]s[mI>
Eds[ auEj]i ecy{ uk (5) eethgEds[
Eg]v]Hnh (6) zd]viQEds[ p<EW]ru Bfh; guRj>
zIkL Emlc{ yi} ]v>uh (kHIn]) viDvkL
royuv>uh Akuu; ztiEH]ztM]>uh kEn]jyM]>uh
mXYm]hxh tiuv>uh k]nYkub[jR zB]tZg]mikuh
Akuu."
an>h cit[p]vnzb]Ef]iy]kuu. |tien
iyu zpD]nviv>L avt]>ikyiuh muh viv>i
c{iutuek][ |vieT EcRui}.
13. xHY]zdiKh \>]Rh
>]h aY]yie x]>h:
k>]zzb]Ef]lpi: k>]zEdsh
16
zb]f>ueT iti:
, Evdvtiu
vTuh, Ek]yn]xhgminu etum]yi dsEy]jn
vi]>il kiTuu.

16
|tie t]nm]yi>u k>]Tkh |[ pim mH]>]zyie
Ek]]U>il ni[ 50 ki. mI. akeyu k>]Q[ `riyeTu
m]f[.
zp]cIn my]h
177
K>xY]vYiEy]Egn E>t ip[th viB]vkh
Etn EtS]h xmut[piRj]t]eevp]p kRif]h."
k>]zzb]f>ueT m]tZk]Edviu vRShEt]ruh
fem] zb]fpu>uSen bi ek]Tu]ru[
(|zpk]>h) zbHiek][ |vR nsiuu. |ve>
et]]l kuifh. |v>uETh et][ muU Ey]jndU>h
v]yu duSic{uEp]kuu; |vR xRv{kRDRbHiS[kZt
M]>]kuu. |til ciR |>updn]mD]>kM]>]kuu.
ek]fEdsh: xHYe mukil n]uh nUruh Ey]jn
vi]>il |o Edsh kiTuu. ek]fiuvR
p]dm]ztg]yztiyuv>]f[. ek]fzb]fR (pdY
Ey] zb]f] Ku) p]dp]>gn]mD]>kM]R Akuu.
|ve> xk kRiuh vRifh.
14. Tiyil aW]h aY]yh.:
goQM]R: |v>il Eg]vipu>v]xik]y zb]fR
mdYm]xh asiuv>]kuu. ki<uh pTi]rumu
xmuzdtI>v]xik]y x]>xVtM]R mXYh Biu
v>]f[. |vR puviDh: 1) suR 2) asuR 3) xiR
4) k]poFzQR 5) BItc]>i 6) Ezsfi 7) kosikR 8)
nRv{R 9) bQikR 10) kR. v]>]Hil zb]fR
gjBk>]yi>uu. jg]uvR mdYm]hxL
\pEy]giuh. \>B]guh m]hxBfmu[. nRdu
etuvR m>umke viv]Hhecy{uh. (]il
n]g>Kvuh, ihgpu>]fvuh En]uk.
zp]cIn my]h
178
|o viv>fh vi>By]l tl]h nirui
vuu. Ek>il Emlpr t>iu zb]f
>ueT zpEvsnvuh muh aTu pukil k]fic{u
ek]]h.
Ek>]c]>e kuriut]yuh Ek>v]xikLu
xREv{]p>iy]y O>u zpm]fm]yuh niRieiu O>u
zgm]f[ Ek>m]H]Yh. |til Ek>IyR]yi
\]ivc{iu mtvuh Ac]>uh atYh p]p
gRBvuh ]vHvum]efu vYxnxEmth prEyi
yi>iuu. |tien ariv]niiu v]yn]R 3-]h
anubh En]i k]>Yh zgHic{uek]e. (avieTyuh
atien vY]KY]ni]N zsmic{ ii} .)
|o Ek>il ve> pu>]tnk]h mutlE nTu
]yi>u xd]c]>euric{uh xtYt>teyuric{uh
muh |o zgil xvi>h zptip]dic{iu[. s]>
x[mZti, xHY]zdiKh mut]y xhZtzpm]fL
|vey EvviDh x]DUk>iyuh ecy{uu. aen
yu jnxmud]yinu |zt kinm]y O>u ptitVh
èn xhBvic{u. |tien avR xVyh v>ui
e]Et] aEt] viEdsIyM]R avR]yi cmc{u
vc{ Et]? ìen ni>Upi]hpil |o zg
il |tinumuNpiN aEnkh tvf zp]vic{ viDh
xVEdsbHiS[ kZtM]>uh p]Smtg]mikuh Ay O>u
kUh A>Yzb]f>ueT Agmnh nimim]f[ Ek>Iy
>]y x]DuLu |o n>k]nuBUtiiTvetu
vic]>iEiv>uu. p]>>Ym]y DRtlp>tyu
O>u xmud]yiE] ]pniE] xhxREd]Sh
zp]cIn my]h
179
ek]uh k]EBd]uh O]E>] du>]c]>L vu
kUTutinu E]kc>iztil EvuEv]h \d]H>f
u[. Emuh pu>]fk]inu muute A>YM]>]y
zb]f>ueT kUil du>it>Upik]y vhs]R D]>]
mu]yi>ut]yi Eml]fic{ pu>]fB]gil k]fu
u. |o Ek>il vukUTiy zb]fR |zpk]> mu
p]pikE] aEt] avR mYzpEds iuh mumu ci
xlzb]fE>] ù |ni tI>um]niEt]yi
>iuu. |tiE]yi anYvR]>]y my]ikueT
xd]c]>DRtlp>tu x]Yh vHiutuh A>YM
]>]l xhZtB]Syil `<ute tuh Ay xHY]zdi
Kh mut]yvyuh n]>dvY]x vcnuh \d]H>f
]kuu. (xHY]zdiKB]ginu 4-]h anubh
En]uk). A>YBTIyxhHit 11-]h aY]yiuh Eml
pr vcniuh |tienuric{ u viv>L
t]e<EcRu ek]uu.
sonk-
"sZfu vizp! dVijEzs] zB]x[ Et p>YTN Buvi
Aip[t](ab[D])H]>niy]
jux[Et dif]h dish.
y]zt]x[Et Bgv]N x]]l kuhBEy]niRunIsV>
yzt difknY]KYh kum]>IEzt (tIR)mumh.
yzt]Kiguf]Y] BUziEvfIv vi>]jEt
pim]b[DitT]XHYp>Yh dVijpuhgv!
|osV>>]DEn >] B] yzt xux]Dv
jn] yzt d]nsU>] xhzg]m]feeB>v]
Ey]giEn] yl guH]u EpTik] >dIpik]
zp]cIn my]h
180
n]y]k]KY] yzt sUzd(])>]j]n xi xRvd]
tzt]gtY C]dV]xh czkU kVcn Ekcn
Exv]>t] EkcidEnY zpBuE]pjIvik] (n)
kZtV]Bic]>mpE> jgZHuRnxd
mi kHmulipY tzt pUjY] pE>BvN
>]E]pv>Ek itV]pYEnY Dnmup]ddu
sV]vZtY]pYupjIvi B]xu>] api BUxu>]
kih n kuRvi vizB] >]ms]pHt] Et."
(A>YBTIyxhHit a. 11)
aRh: zBM]>]y zb]fR Bfvuh |>iiTvu
mi}]v>]yi[ auti>i[ OTuvil y]et]>iTu
pTi]er xmuzdhmutl xHYNve> guf]Yy]yi>i
u BUmi ztiEvfieyEp]e Es]BiuE], y]et]>u
diil agYBgv]N vxiuE], `vieT difknY]
kum]>IEztmi>iuE], `viTuk]R Biyu x]Du
E], y]et]>iTuvR d]nsU>M]>]yuh visi
Ey]]]yuh |>iuE], `vieTyu guHkil
epikil >dIpeEp]e Ey]gikL Es]Bi
uE], xRvxVvuh d]nhecy{u n]yke> sUzd>]j]
evieTEy] (aen |>iu) A dif diien
En]ii>ic{u. av>il ciR ciTu xUztil
(Ekri) p]Ru zpBuvilniu kiiytuek]upjIvnh
k<ic{u. ciR Exvic{uniu. uzdhecy[tu ciR
Dnxuu]i. ciR tilt}ic{u Dnh eek
]i. aTuEv ecy[tu ciR Dnh EnTi. HIn
vZieyTuuh ci zb]fR k]hk<iuu. >]ms]p
Emu ekve>u ecyi}te.
zp]cIn my]h
181
(st]nIkN Ec]dic{tinu \>m]yiu Emlprv
N prt]kuu.)
n]>dvcnh:
"zsutix[mZtipzB]i]c]>p>]q[muK]
EtmI p]Sin]]l sis[En]d>p>]yf]
vY]xvcnh:
"xY]ztyviHIn] g]yztIBvRit]
eedvBiviHIn] p]Smtg]min
aiEH]zt]di xlkRxVD]xV]H]vivRit]
mUzpkZti>vY]h eenv j]ni kRHicil
tp[tmuzd]jit] Ekcil k]m]c]>>t] pE>
k]p]ik] koik] bo]eejn]]pE>
pit] api Et xREv du>]c]>zpvRk]
kuhBIp]kh punREv y]xYi nijkRBi
|enyu zpm]fL niESDieTuky]efil
\]ku itieyi muu zp]vic{ iu[. |vyil
viv>iuviDmu mnuSYR Ek>m]H]Y]dikie
niYm]y mth niRic{til atisyi]ni}. atu
nimimu knL anuBvic{uEp]yvRu
tueT buiEm]sien O]Ru p]piEy |ni
nivZiyuu. Em]l tueT kRvYe s>iy]
ynuiuph |o du>Ys[ OTuukyuh pURvmHim
zpk]siyuh ecy{uem[ xm]sVxi]h.

zp]cIn my]h
182
anubh 1

"kZ]tIE> tu gtV] cc]> BZgunn
tzt]x[Et zb]f kil EvdvilBi>hkZt
ST[Rni>Et] nitYm]c]>Yl puE> xuDI
atid]>izdYxhyuE]tid]ifYv]N dVij,
zb]f]n]h kuEzsS[ E] Ey]g]BY]xvis]>d
txY d]>] ptivZt] BRZsuzsUSEf >t]
tEy]>xupuzt] ctu>] zbc]>if
Evd]Yynx] nitY]Evdp>]yf]
EtS]h EjYxutEzs xtYxE] jiEtziy
zbc>Y]zsmh DZtV] zbEtEj]b]Dik
ctuREvdvid]h nitYh ky]m]x kR
k]sYpxY gZEH >EmY Ey]gYxY suBmiE>
gtV]su xumH]]nh zb]fh zbvRc{ xh
x]]hgh xhzpfmY] aBiv]dY it zpBu
Agth n>s]RdUh dZV] dVijvE>]m
\]y zsIzGm]d]y aRGYp]dY]dikh tt
y]vl pUjy]m]x >]j]nh v]kYmzbvIl
mH]>]j mH]zp] azt]gmnk]>fh
d>iEzd]Hh mH]B]g md[gZH]gmnh vZ]
mH]d]>izdYxhyuE pIQitkuTuhbeek
ax[miNgZEH kimRh tVm]gEt]xi vd zpEB]
g zsIzGh y]pURv{h d>izd kih kE>]mYHh
md[gZH]Mnx]v]c] n x[m>tVh jEnsV>
|tYuE] B]REv] vizpmuv]c dijxmh
mdV]kYh sZfVt]h zbN mDuxUdnpUjk
mm>]EjY xm]gtY Iyt]h Edvt]diBi
zp]cIn my]h
183
n]syiSY]mi d]>izdh dd]eemYsV>YEk>kh
zbpIEBiESY]mi zb]f]nh viD]yk
zbc>Y]zsmh gtV] tv puztu Ek>E
aKi]n]h dVij]tIn]h Ezt]fh gu>uE>v x
mm]pi mdViEDy]n]h Ey]g]c]E>Y] n xhsy
Ey]gpW d]xY]mi Ey]gpIE niEvsYt]h
Ey]gmuzd]h dd]mYxY xtYEmv vd]mYHh
B]REveefvmuu dVij]tIn]h gu>ud]
apuezetd]ee> zpy]fmkE>]Vij
Agt] Ek>E xhE vZS]zdIpu>xhiEk
EtS]h EjYxutx[miN zsImU]nmEp
Ey]gpIE niEvsY] Ey]gpW dv]N
xREvS]h zb]f]n]W gu>uBUEt]u tVt
zbc>Y]zsmh nitYh xREvS]h viDiE>v Hi
mz]f]W tu tz]f]h Ey]g]c]E>Y] n xhsy"
(Ek.m]. a. 11)

"mY]Run mH]viEzp] zb]f]n]h gu>ud]
EdVd]n]mup]Y]Ey] ......................................
th zb]fh xm]nIy zpti]mkE>]l zpBu
yjuREv{ d]y vizph th zpti]pY gZEH suEB
x]mEvd]y vizph th niEvsY c suEB gZEH
............................................punRN y] pu>]
st]DikY]h vizp]h Any]m]x B]Rv
.............................................................................................
k]sYpxY tu Eg]zt]h B>dVjxY Eg]ztk]
dViEj]m]N ..............................................
........................... B]Rv punRtV] y] pu>]
zp]cIn my]h
184
s]Iv]HpuE> Ekcil zb]f]kuTuhbin
...........................................................nitYh Evdp>]yf]
niEtY]pv]xin Ekcil Any]m]x t]N dVij]N
(Ek.m]. a. 12)

.................................................................pun mDu>]pu>Ih
zpEvsY k]sYp]N Eg]zt]N tdVij]nIy B]Rv
..........................................................................................
...................................................... zb]f]n]mDIsV>]
Eg]d]v>Ih punRtV] v]yum]REf B]Rv
DnuREvdvid]N vizp]N gd]BY]xh ddRs H
pWvizp]N xm]nIy kuTuheeb xmnVit]N
punR dViEj]m]N Ezs]n]ny]m]x B]Rv
.......................................................................................................
ctuSitm]N zg]m]N zpti]pY dViEj]m]N.
(Ek.m].a. 14).

zp]cIn my]h
185
anubh 2

xUzth 34
B]SYh: y] mnuSY]Dik]> niymmEp]dY Edv]dIn]mpi
vidY]xVDik]> \eev dVij]tYDik]>niym]p
v]Edn sUzdxY]pYDik]>Y]diEtYt]m]s]h nivR
yitumidmDik>fm]>BYEt.
tzt sUzdxY]pYDik]> xY]diti t]vl zp]p[th
aRitVx]mRYEy]hBv]l 'tx[m]UEzd] yE
n]vk} p[t' |tivl; sUEzd] vidY]y]mnvk} p[t |ti c
niESD]zsvf]l. yc{, kRxVnDik]>k]>fh
sUzdxY]nitVh, n tdVidY]xVDik]>xY]pv]dkh ihgh.
nHY]vHnIydi>HiEtn vidY] Evdituh n skYEt. Bvti
c ihgh sUzd]Dik]>ExY]Ep]d[bkh, xhvRvidY]y]h
Hi j]nzsutih pozt]yfh suzsUSuh sUzdsEn
p>]mZsti.
H H H! E>! tV] sUzd! teevv xHEg]Bi>u |ti.
vidu>zpBZty sUzdEy]nizpBv] api visivi]n
xhp] x[m>YE tx[m]dDizkiyE sUzd] vidY]xVi-
EtYvh zp]p[Et zbUm,
n sUzdxY]Dik]E>] Evd]Yyn]B]v]l. aDItEvEd]
Hi viditEvd]RE] Evd]RESVDizkiyEt. n c
sUzdxY Evd]Yynmi \pnynpURv{ktV]l EvdYy
nxY \pnynxY c vRztyviSytV]l, yVRitVh
n tdxti x]mREYDik]>k]>fh Bvti, x]mRYmpi
zp]cIn my]h
186
n okikh Ekvh aDik]>k]>fh Bvti.
s]zIEyRE s]zIyxY x]mRY x]EpittV]l,
s]zIyxY c x]mRYxY]Yynni>]k>Efn
ni>]kZttV]l, yEc{dh sUEzd] yEnvk}p[t |ti
tY]ypURv{ktV]dVidY]ympYnvk} p[ttVh EdY]tyti;
nY]yxY x]D]>ftV]l; yl punhvRvidY]y]h sUzd
szsvfh ihgh mnYEx n t}ihgh nY]yB]v]l,
nY]Ey]ER Hi ihgdRsnh EdY]tkh Bvti, n c]zt
nY]Ey]i, k]mW]yh sUzdshvRvidY]y]Em
eevkxY]h sUzdmDiku>Y]l, tdViSytV]l, n xRv]xu
vidY]xu, aRv]dtV]l, ntu kVcidpYyh sUzdmDi
kRumuXHEt, skYEt c]yh sUzdsE]DikZt
viSEy Ey]jyituh kmitYucYEt khv> ~nEmtXh
xyug[m]nmiv ee>kVm]EtYx[m]hxv]kY]d]En]-
n]d>h zsutvEt] j]nzsuEt pozt]yfxY
sugut[EpEd, t]mZSIee>k sUzdsb[Edn]Enn xUcy]h
bBuv]n pE>]]nxY KY]pn]Eyti gmYEt.
j]tisUzdxY]nDik]>]l. kh pun sUzdsEn
sugut[p] xUcYt |tYucYEt? td] zdvf]d[
sucmBiduzd]v; suc]v]BiduzduEv, sUc]v] ee>kVmBi
zduzd]Evti sUzd]vyv]RxhBv]l, >U]RxY
axhBv]l. dZsYEt c]ymRE]xY]m]KY]yi k]y]h.
B]SYh: |t n j]tisUEzd] j]nzsuti ylk]>fh
zpk>fni>UpEfn, ztiytVmExY]>zt eeczt>E
n]Bizpt]>if] ztiEyf xmBivY]H]>]l ihg]l
gmYEt. \>zt Hi xhvRvidY]v]kYEsES, eeczt
>i>Bizpt]>I ztiyhkIRYEt. "a H sonk
zp]cIn my]h
187
k]EpymBizpt]>ifW k]Exnih xuEtn p>iviSY
m]fo zbc]>IbiBiE |ti. eeczt>itVW]Bi
zpt]>if k]EpyEy]g]dvgvYh. k]EpyEy]Eg] Hi
eeczt>xY]vgt ~Etneev eeczt>h k]Epy]
ay]jyN, |ti. xm]n]nVy]n]W zp]Eyf
xm]n]nVy] y]jk] Bvi. 'tx[m]eec{zt>iR]eemk
ztpti>j]yt" |ti c ztEyf]Bizpt]>if] xH
xm]n]y]h vidY]y]h xIRnh j]nzsUEt>pi
ztiytVh xUcyti. xm]n]n]Emv Hi zp]Eyf
xmBivY]H]>]Bvi, ZEzpf]eedsV>YEy]g]c{
j]nzsuEt ztiyt]vgti aEt] n j]ti
sUzdxY]Dik]>
xUzth 36
B]SYh: |t n sUzdxY]Dik]E>], ydVidY]
zpEdEsSUpnyn]dy xh]>] p>]mZsYE. "th
EH]pniEnY", "aDIHi Bgv |ti EH]pxx]d",
"zbp>] zbni]p>h zb]EnVSm]f] ~S H
eev tXRv{h vYtI"ti. "EtH xmit[p]fEy]
Bgvh pi]dmupx] |ti c. "t]N H]nupn
eeyEv"tYpi zpdRsieetEv]pnynzp]p[tiRBvti.
sUzdxY c xh]>]B]Ev]BipYEt "sUzd tURE]
vR ~kj]ti" >iEtYkj]titVx[m>f]l. "n sUEzd
p]tkh kiWn c xh]>mRHtI"tY]diBi.
xUzth 37
B]SYh. |t n sUzdxY]Dik]E>] yXtYvcEnn
sUzdtV]B]Ev niR]>iEt j]b]h gotm \pEntumnu
zp]cIn my]h
188
s]xituh c zpvvZEt. "eentdzb]Ef] vivu
mRHti
xmiDh Ex]mY]HE>]ptV]EnESY n xtY]dg] |ti
zsutiihg]l.
xUzth 38
B]SYh: |t n sUzdxY]Dik]E>] ydxY x[mZEt
zsvf]Yyn]RzptiESED] Bvti. Evdzsvf
zptiESED] Evd]DYynzptiESD tdR]n]nu
]nEy] zptiESD sUzdxY x[m>YEt, zsvf
zptiESD]vl. "a]xY EvdmupsZfVtzpUjtuBY]h
Ezs]ztzptipu>fh" |ti "pdYuHv] ~tl s[ms]nh
yuzdx[m]zdxmIEpn]EYtvY"mitic. at ~v]Y
ynzptiESED] yxY Hi xmIEppi n]EYtvYh Bvti
x km zsUtmDIyIt, Bvti, c EvEd]c{]>ef
jiHV]EEd] D]>Ef s>I>EBd |t. at ~v c
tdR]n]nu]nEy] zptiESED] Bvti "n sUzd]y
mtih ddY]"diti. "dVij]tIn]mYynmijY]d]n"mitic.
EyS]h pun pURv{kZtxh]>vs]dVidu>DRvY]DzpBZ
tIn]h ]En]t[pix[EtS]h n skYEt Pzp]p[ ti
zptibuh ]neexYk]ikPtV]l. "zs]vEyc{
tuE>] vR]ni"ti EctiH]xpu>]f]DigEm c]tuR
vRY]Dik]> x[m>f]l. EvdpURv{ ku n]YDik]>
sUzd]f]miti ith.

zp]cIn my]h
189
anubh 3

"a >]Em] mH]Etj] zsImu]nm]gt
ctuSitm]N zg]m]N zb]f]VkYmzbvIl
|zE]Ek c gtV]Hm]g]mi dViEj]m]
anu]pY dVij]N xRv{ ]nizE]kh jg]m H
B]Rv]gmnh dZV] EdEvzV>iEt]it
aRGYp]dYh xm]d]y pUjyitV] B]Rvh
anRGYm]xnh dtV] mhmmuv]c H
BZgunn tttV kim]gmnk]>fh.
vumRHxi >]jRES mikEp]i B]Rv
EdEvEzeefvmuu B]REv] v]kYmzbvIl
sZfu EdvpEt ttVh mlk]>YW vd]mYHh
mlBUmo nitYv]xIn]h zb]f]n]h tpxVin]h
>tYRh Edvn]>Y d]tvY] Edvv} B
B]REveefvmu EdEvz zpddo td]
zb]f]n]h c >tYRh B]Rv]y xuknYk]
ss]vdn] n]>Yzy knY]uEs]Bn]
nvyovnx] >tis]zvicf]
jyxY xut]h k]Wil xuBg] n]m xu>Ih
ST[knY]xHit]]>Ih B]Rv]y ddo td]
pun k]Wic{ n]>Ih tu gRv{xY xut]h suB]h
ST[nY]xHith tnVIh EdEvEz] B]Rv]y c
pun >]xIh tnVIh ST[nY]xHit]h td]
B]RvzptigZHY] zpHZE]BUdVis]Et
a]ds]Bi knY]Bi xHn]>IzyuB]
zptigZHY td] >]m zpy]fmkE>]d]
zp]cIn my]h
190
zp]nmkE>]zt B]REv] HYS[Tm]nx
t] xRv]m]nIy xV]nh gtv]N nZp
vZS]zdIpu>m]gtY zsImU]nmEp
xhit]N zb]f]N xRv{]nBiv]dY] B]Rv
\v]c v]kYh v]kY Ey]g]c]>Yh gu>uW eev
xREvS]h zb]f]n]W my] nIt] diviit]
yovn]Y] xuE>Y] >tYRh nitYEmv c
gZH]n]h Edvt]Bi xu>IBiRdViEj]m]
>tYRW syiSYu xtYRW nitYs
ST[nY]xHit]h >]Em] Edvn]>IiEvsY c
vZS]zdIpu>mEY c zkIQ]Rh ST[gZH]N t]
kyitV] >]m zb]f]nh xuK]y c
EjYpuzth vin] xREv{ zb]f] dVijxm]
xuBg]Bi knY]BI>tih kuRvu nitYs
mmEdEs c sUzd m]u dZ] xth
zkIQyu xu>]REv{ divi Edv] y] t]
ty] x]kh dVij] nitYh ctV]E>] v]zty v]
zb]f]n]W xREv{ S]h xhgEd]ES] n vidYEt.
Edvn]>Y ki tVx[m]l zkIQ]H diEndiEn
p>zIxhgEd]S]ni mmEdEs n kiWn
dVijzIEy]jn]REv{ zkIQ]y]m dViEj]m]
\p>izkIQ]xu>t]n]c>u ziyd]
n]>If]W tu xRv{]x]h nvz]fi m]ViH
yEee dVieej]kh kIQyVh diEn diEn
tiu Edvn]>Y mlBUmo Ek>E xd]
ahgIkZtY dVij]REv{ t]Bi]kh xuKh it]
................................................................................................
ST[nY]xHit]h n]>Ih gRv{ xY kuE]v]h
zp]cIn my]h
191
[mIpu>Y]h niEvsY] tzt tzt c B]Rv
zkIQ]Rh zb]f]REv{ ahgIkuRvu nitYs
t]Biu>n]>IBI zkIQyu dViEj]m]
xm]]n]h dVij]tIn]mnYEdEs niv]xin]h
zb]f]n]h tu v] n]>Yiu c xuK]y eev
t]u gRv{E]Ek tu Ac>u y] t]
~kxY]eev ~Ek]u mYEdEs niv]xin]h
gRv{kun]>IBiR]nyu]Bi>nVHh
zb]f]eev x]m] zkIQyu diEn diEn
kiEvty] x]kmup>izkIQmhgh
>tih kZtV] dij]REv tiu c y]xuKh
pun >]xIh tnVIh ST[nY]xHit]h td]
ahbik]y]h puE> >]Em] niEvEsY]Myovn]h
zb]f]n]W >tYRh tiu c diEn diEn
y] >xE]Ek c kRvYh knYk]]
zb]eef xd] yUyh >tizkIQnmhgh
xREv{ ................................ >myu dViEj]m]"
(Ek. m]. 40-\h 50-\h aY]yL).

zp]cIn my]h
192
anubh 4

|os]y]pi n Ekcil EkciRp]yin
x]mBiu tp] EkciEdvh miY]Bim]nin
Ed]eeSkni>t] EkcdVist]d]Ym]nin
zItVh puhVh dVEy]R j]ti>it>] zB]imUk]
Evd] zpm]ah Eni HY]gmh eenv c]pE>
xtYEm kZEt Ecti E]k]ytmt]nugI
siE>v xviztIti mth jiHiE> pE>
eeB>vItzm]hbY j]tix>k]>if
jnnIjnk]N jnY]N DRpI dViSi c
Edv]N dVij]N gu>UN zp]]N DRm]R]nuvRin
avm]nY mHVh tu viviD] DiSf] pE>
|oEs]Hh bBEzd]Hh xiE]Hh bv]nHh
AEY]x[mi bv]nx[mi Ek]dYEm |ti v]din
BUt]Bic]>Et] B] xRvB] viBk]
HE>>nRit]H]>] anYEdv]Rit]sn]
puzt]dIN eenv pui sis[En]d>>t] pE>
p>zIni>t]REv x}ik]dDRif
xVx[miN gufitVm]E>] EdvdVij]nuniin
m]hx]H]> mdYp] xVd]>]izdv]din
S]Emeekkiheeg p]Sskueen]
~tdumnu]y jn]REvpi xi Hi
~kjnY] jn] EkcieekjnY] jn] pE>
xIRbuy EkciEdY]nix>k]>if
Ed]S]eenv vicinVi k]>fh HYzt k]>fh
g>d] zb]f] EkcidViv]HxY c kk]
vZiEdk>] Ekcil p>Ed]S]vmRsin
zp]cIn my]h
193
~vh jn] bHuviD] Ed]Sv]ReekE]up]
~kkZ[r]dVikZ[r] ztictukZ[rk] pE>
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(xHY]zdiKh)

Prachinamalayalam

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Prachinamalayalam

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