The lumbar plexus is formed by the anterior rami of nerves L1-L5.

Together with the sacral plexus, it forms the lumbosacral plexus. Though it
also innervates the skin and muscle of the inguinal and pubic region, it
mainly supplies structures of the lower limb.
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Note: Due to the diagonal descending course of spinal nerve roots, the
anterior abdominal muscles are supplied by thoracic spinal nerves,
despite their closer proximity to the lumbar spine.
Iliohypogastric n. (L1)
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Courses in the plane between the transversus abdominis m. and internal
abdominal oblique m.
Enters the rectus sheath and emerges to give cutaneous innervation to
the anterior abdominal wall.
Ilioinguinal n. (L1)
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Also travels in the plane between the transversus abdominis m. and
internal abdominal oblique m.
From here, it enters the plane between the internal and external
abdominal oblique mm. to then enter the inguinal canal.
Supplies the skin of the upper medial thigh and anterior scrotum or labium
majus.
Lateral femoral cutaneous n. (L2-3)
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Emerges along the lateral border of the psoas major m. and crosses the
iliacus m.
Supplies skin of the lateral thigh.
Genitofemoral n. (L1-2)
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Descends along the surface of the psoas major m.
The genital branch descends in the spermatic cord to innervate the
cremaster muscle. It also provides sensory innervation to the skin of the
upper medial thigh and anterior scrotum or labium majus.
The femoral branch accompanies the femoral a. and supplies the skin of
the thigh.
Femoral n. (L2-4)
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Crosses under the inguinal ligament to supply the anterior compartment of
the lower limb.
Obturator n. (L2-4)
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Leaves the pelvis through the obturator canal to supply the medial
compartment of the lower limb.