ELECTRONICS SYSTEM & TECHNOLOGIES

**Biomedical Technology**
1. A mammography service examined 327 patients
during the third calendar quarter of 1996. 719 films
were exposed during this period eight of which were
repeats. !hat is the repeat rate"
a. #$.$% &. code 2.#$% c. 1.1% d. $#.$2%
ANS. 1.1%
2. A type of luminescence where the visi&le light is
emitted only during the stimulation of the phosphor.
a. fluorescence &. phosphorescence c. after glow
d. any of the a&ove
ANS. Fluorescence
3. 'f a heart measures 12.$ cm from side to side at its
widest point and its image on chest radiograph
measures 1#.7 cm what is the magnification factor"
a. (.)$ &. 1.1) c. (.1$ d. 2.2
ANS. 1.18
*+, -image si.e/0-o&1ect si.e/
*+, -1#.7 cm/0-12.$ cm/
*+, 1.1)
. 2adiation doses in the range of approximately2(( to
1((( rad produce the
a. 3astrointestinal -3'/ syndrome
&. 4entral 5ervous 6ystem -456/ syndrome
c. 7ematologic syndrome
d. 8rodomal syndrome
ANS. He!"#olo$%c s&n'ro!e
(. 2atio of incident to transmitted radiation through a
grid ratio of patient dose with and without grid
a. 9uc:y factor &. ;amadian factor c. 3rid ratio
d. 2oentgen equivalent
ANS. )uc*& +"c#or
,. A radiographic single<phase unit installed in a private
office has a maximum capacity of 1(( milliseconds of
12(:=p and $((mA. !hat is the power rating"
a. #2 :! &. 6( :! c. 6((! d. 2#:!
ANS 2 -.
8ower rating,-(.7/x -mA x :=p/01(((
8ower rating,-(.7/x --$((/-12(//01(((
8ower rating,#2 :!
/. !ho completes the development of first computed
tomographic -4>/ scanner -?*' @td./ in 1973"
a. *istretta &. +orssmann c. Auhl
d. 7ounsfield
ANS. Houns+%el'
8. 't is the study of the response of an image receptor to
x<rays
a. sensitometry &. xeroradiography c.
xeroradiometry d. spectrometry
ANS. Sens%#o!e#r&
0. 2atio of radiographic contrast with a grid to that
without a grid
a. grid ratio &. contrast improvement factor
c. 4ollidge factor d. 9uc:y factor
ANS. con#r"s# %!1ro2e!en# +"c#or
13. Analysis of persons irradiated therapeutically with
superficial x<rays has shown that the s:in erythema
dose required to affect $(% of persons so irradiated is
a&out
a. 2(( rad &. #(( rad c. 6(( rad d. )(( rad
ANS. ,33 r"'
11. ?43 recording requires a &andwidth of (.($ to BBB7.
a. 1((( &. $#( c. 1(( d. #(
ANS.133
12. +ind the potential generated if &lood flowing in a
vessel with radius (.9 cm cuts a magnetic field of 2$(
3. Assume a volume flow rate of 17$ cu&ic cm per
second.
a. 2(6 u= &. 3(9 u= c. 9(3 u= d. 26( u=
ANS. 330 u4
?, C90$(Da
?, --17$ cc.s/-2$( 3//0-$(D-(.9cm//
?, 3(9 u=
13. 8eriod during which heart contracts.
a. ;iastole &. 6ystole c. &loc: mode d.
6ynapse
ANS. S&s#ole
1. Apparatus for measuring &lood pressure
a. defi&rillator &. electrocardiogram
c. plethysmograph d. sphygmomanometer
ANS '. s15&$!o!"no!e#er
1(. 3iven the energy level of 6.62#x1(E<1) F imparted to
an electron stream &y an G<ray device calculate the
frequency in *7..
a. 1(E6 *7. &. #$.29 *7. c. 1(E1( *7. d.
3(( *7.
ANS. 13613 MH7
f, ?0h
f, -6.62#x1(E-<1)/ F/0-6.62#x1(E-<
3#/ F<s/
f, 1(E1( *7.
1,. 't was first noted &y 7einrich 7ert. in 1))7 and won
Al&ert ?instein the 5o&el 8ri.e in 19($. 't refers to the
emission of electrons from a clean metallic surface
-phototu&e/ when electromagnetic radiation -light
waves or G<rays/ falls onto that surface.
a. 8hotoelectric effect &. 4ompton effect
c. 9remsstrahlung d. *ie effect
ANS. 85o#oelec#r%c e++ec#
1/. Hnit of radiation exposure or amount of G<ray
radiation that will produce 2.()x1(E9 ion pairs per
cu&ic centimetre of air at standard temperature and
pressure -6>8/.
a. 4urie &. 2oentgen
c. 2adiation a&sor&ed dose -rad/ d. 3ray
ANS. Roen#$en
18. An optical electronic device that measures the color
concentration of a su&stance in solution.
a. colorimeter &. flame photometer
c. spectrophotometer d. chromatograph
ANS.color%!e#er
10. 2ecording of heart sounds
a. ultracardiography &. cardioacoustics
c. electrocardiogram d. phonocardiography
ANS. 85onoc"r'%o$r"15&
23. 2ecorder for measuring galvanic s:in resistance
a. electrodermograph &. electromyograph
c. electrocorporealograph d. electrogalvanograph
ANS.elec#ro'er!o$r"15
**Digital and Data Communications**
1. 't consists of 36 unique codes representing the 1(
digits and 26 uppercase letters
a. ;iscrete code &. code 39 c. continuous code
d. 2( code
ANS.co'e 30
2. >he first fixed< length character code developed for
machines rather than for people
a. A64'' 4ode &. 3ray 4ode c. ?94;'4 code
d. 9audot 4ode
ANS.)"u'o# Co'e
3. >he early pioneer in the development of error<
detection and correction proceduresI
a. 2ichard !. 7amming &. !illiam 2. 7amming c.
?mile 9audot d. 6amuel 9audot
ANS. R%c5"r' 9. H"!!%n$
. >he most relia&le convolutional coding scheme for
error detection
a. chec:sum &. @24 c. 424 d. =24
ANS.CRC
(. +or the given parameters determine the energy per
&it<to noise power density ratio
4 , 1(e<12 !
f& , 6( :&ps
5 , 1.2 x 1(e<1#J!
9 , 12( :7.
a. 16.2 d9 &. 1#.2 d9 c. 2(.2 d9 d.
22.2 d9
ANS.22.2 ')
K

,. A signal at the input to a mu<law compressor is
positive with its voltage one<half the maximum value.
!hat proportion of the maximum output voltage is
produced"
a. (.7)6=max &. (.)76=max c. (.)67=max
d. (.67)=max
ANS.3.8/,4!":
/. 'naccuracies caused &y the representation of a
continuously varying quantity as one of a num&er of
discrete values.
a. alias signal &. slope overload c. distortion d.
quanti.ing errors
ANS.;u"n#%7%n$ errors
8. 4ircuit for digiti.ing voice at a low data rate &y using
:nowledge of the way in which voice sounds are
producedI
a. vocoder &. codec c. sample<and<hold circuit
d. A;4
ANS.2oco'er
0. A coding scheme that records the change in signal
level since the precious sample
a. unipolar code &. 88* c. 84* d. delta
modulation
ANS.'el#" !o'ul"#%on
13. ;istortion created &y using too low a sampling rate
when coding an analog signal for digital transmission
a. aliasing &. foldover distortion c. either a or &
d. neither a nor &
ANS.e%#5er " or <
11. A networ: with &andwidth of 1( *&ps can pass only
an average of 12((( frames per minute with each
frame carrying an average of 1(((( &its. !hat is the
throughput of this networ:"
a. 1 *&ps &. 2 *&ps c. 3 *&ps d. # *&ps
ANS.2 M<1s
>hroughput, -12 ((( x 1( (((/06( , 2 *&ps

12. A telephone su&scri&er line must have an 652d9
a&ove #(. !hat is the minimum num&er of &its"
a. 3.$6 &. $.63 c. 6.3$ d. 3.6$
ANS,.3(
652d9 , 6.(2n& L 1.76 , #(
n , 6.3$
13. >he thic: coaxial ca&le implementation of standard
?thernet
a. 1((( 9ase<> &. 1( 9ase<> c. 1( 9ase 2 d.
1( 9ase $
ANS.13 )"se (
1. A &it pattern or a character added to the &eginning
and the end of a frame to separate the frames
a. +lag &. +irewall c. +rameguard d. +ootprint
ANS.Fl"$
1(. An '8v# has an address space of how many"
a. #29#967296 &. 692769#92# c. 2##9692769
d. 9672969##2
ANS. 200,/20,
232 , #29#967296
1,. !hat is the &it rate of 6>6 M 1"
a. $1.)# *&ps &. 6# :&ps c. 1(( *&ps d. 2.#
37.
ANS.(1.8 M<1s
1/. A &loc: coding technique in which four &its are
encoded into a five &it code
a. 9audot &. 291C ?ncoding c. #90$9 ?ncoding
d. #A0$A ?ncoding
ANS.)=() Enco'%n$
18. A national standards organi.ation that defines
standards in the Hnited 6tates
a. A56' &. +44 c. '>H d. 44'>>
ANS.ANSI
10. 'n asynchronous transmission one or more &its to
indicate the end of transmission
a. trailer &. flag c. escape &yte d. stop &it
ANS.s#o1 <%#
23. !hat is the overhead -num&er of extra &its/ in the ;6<
3 service"
a. 1.36) *&ps &. 1.#)( *&ps c. 2.(#) *&ps d.
6.(2# *&ps
ANS.1.3,8 M<1s
**Electronics/Communications**
1. >he minimum sampling rate according to 5yquist
>heorem
a. equal to the lowest frequency of a signal
&. equal to the highest frequency of a signal
c. twice the &andwidth of a signal
d. twice the highest frequency of a signal
ANS.#.%ce #5e 5%$5es# +re;uenc& o+ " s%$n"l
2. 't is used in wireless applications in which stations
must &e a&le to share the medium without
interception &y an eavesdropper and without &eing
su&1ect to 1amming from a malicious intruder
a. modulation &. *ultiple access
c. multiple access d. 6pread spectrum
ANS.s1re"' s1ec#ru!
3. An error detection method which uses oneNs
complement arithmetic
a. 4hec:sum
&. 424
c. 6imple<parity chec:
d. >wo<dimensional parity chec:
ANS.C5ec*su!
. 't is a connecting device &etween two internetwor:s
that use different models
a. 9ridge
&. 3ateway
c. 2epeater
d. router
ANS.$"#e."&
(. 't is an undesired shift or width change in digital &its of
data due to circuitry action which causes &its to arrive
at different times
a. alias &. impulse
c. 1itter d. parity
ANS.>%##er
,. 'n 84* system it is the ratio of the maximum input
voltage level to the smallest voltage level that can &e
quanti.ed
a. ;ynamic range
&. +igure of merit
c. Cuality factor
d. 5oise figure
ANS.?&n"!%c r"n$e
/. A multiplexer com&ines four 1((<:&ps channels using
a time slot of 2 &its determine the frame duration.
a. 2(s
&. $(s
c. 1((s
d. #((s
ANS.23s
8. ;etermine the 7amming distance for the codewords
- 1(1(1 11((1/
a. one
&. two
c. three
d. five
ANS. T.o
1(1(1 GO2 11((1 , (11(( - presence of two 1/
0. An address space is the total num&er of addresses
used &y the protocol such as '8v# and '8v6. !hat
is the address space of '8v6"
a. 232
&. 26#
c. 296
d. 212)
ANS.2128
10. 't is a standard designed &y '>H to allow
telephones in the pu&lic telephone networ: to tal: to
computers0terminals connected to the internet
a. 7. 111
&. 7.123
c. 7.321
d. 7. 323
ANS.323
11. A computer monitor has a resolution of 12(( &y 1(((
pixels. 'f each pixel uses 1(2# colors how many &its
are needed to send the complete contents of a
screen"
a. 12 3iga&its
&. 1. 2 3iga&its
c. 12( *ega&its
d. 12 *ega&its
ANS.12 Me$"<%#s
12(( times 1((( pixels x 1( &its , 12 *&
1(2# colors requires 1( &its 21( , 1(2#
**Laws and Ethics, Analog and Digital Electronics,
Microelectronics, Power Line Communications**
1. >he sensitivity of a radio receiver is given in terms of
d9m. 'f the receiver is receiving 2(( m! what is the
corresponding d9m of this signal"
a. #6d9m &. <#6 d9m c. 23 d9m
d. <23 d9m
ANS.23 ')!
d9m for 2(( m! , 1( log -2((m!01m!/ , 23 d9m
2. An antenna with a noise temperature of 7$ Aelvin is
connected to a receiver input with a noise
temperature of 3(( A. 3iven the reference
temperature >( , 29( A find the noise figure of the
system.
a. (.97 d9 &. 3.6 d9 c. 6.(2 d9
d. 7.2 d9
ANS. 3.6 dB
>he total noise temperature of the antenna and
receiver is 5>tot , 7$L 3(( , 37$.
>he noise temperature is given &yI
whereI 5> M noise temp 52 , 5oise
ratio
2earranging the a&ove to find 52 givesI
52 , -37$029(/ L1 , 2.29
>he 5oise figure is the deci&el equivalent of the noise
ratio such thatI
5+ , 1( log 52 , 3.6 d9
3. >he modulation index of an A* radio station is (.7$. 'f
the carrier power is $((! what is the total
transmitted power"
a. 391 ! &. #3) ! c. 6#1 !
d. 6)) !
ANS.,1 9
. An +* transmitter system is using a 1*7. crystal
oscillator to generate a very sta&le 1()*7. final
carrier frequency. >he output of the crystal oscillator
is fed to a x36 multiplier circuit then mixed with a 3#.$
*7. signal. >he sum output of the mixer is filtered
out while the difference is fed to another multiplier in
order to generate the final carrier frequency. !hat is
the multiplier value"
a. 1() &. 3 c. 1.$ d. 72
ANS. /2
9asic 9loc: ;iagram of the +* carrier generatorI
1 *7. carrier P x 36 P *ixer P *ultiplier P
1()*7. carrier
+irst *ultiplier outputI
1*7. x 36 , 36 *7.
*ixer outputI
36*7. L 3#.$ *7. , 7(.$*7. -filtered output/
36*7. M 3#.$ *7. , 1.$ *7. -difference fed
to the next multiplier/
*ultiplier stageI
Output , 1()*7.
Output , 1.$*7. x n
5 , 1()01.$
, 72
**Electronic Communications**
1. A0an BBBBBBB is a range of frequency in which the
upper frequency is dou&le the lower frequency.
a. &andwidth &. frequency dou&ler c. octave d.
harmonics
ANS.oc#"2e
2. ;etermine the worst<case output 605 for a
narrow&and +* receiver with deviation maximum of
1( :7. and a maximum intelligence frequency of 3
:7.. >he 605 input is 3I1.
a. 1( &. 12 c. 1# d. 16
ANS. 13
3. A small varia&le capacitance in parallel with each
section of ganged capacitor is called BBBBBBB.
a. trimmer &. converter c. padder d.
autodyne
ANS. #r%!!er
**EST**
1. 7ow many wavelengths long are required for a pair of
conductors to &e considered as a transmission line"
a. Q R &. S R c. 101(R
d. $0) R
ANS.1=13@
2. ;etermine the time ta:en for a signal to travel down a
1( m transmission line if its velocity factor is (.7.
a. 23.33 ns &. 1#.$2ns c. 76.) Ts
d. #7.6 ns
ANS. /., ns
>, @0 -=f x =c/
>, 1( m0 -(.7/-3x1() m0s/
>, #7.6 ns
3. >he maximum voltage standing wave of an 23<110H
foam coaxial ca&le is $2 = and its minimum voltage is
17 =. 7ow many percent of the incident power is the
reflected power"
a. $1% &. 26% c. 3%
d. 97%
ANS.2,%
U 2 , 8r08i
U , 6!2<1 K 6!2 , =max0 =min , $2017 , 3.($
6!2L1
U , 3.($ M 1 , (.$1
3.($ L1
>hus I U 2 , -(.$1/2 , (.26
>he reflected power is 26 % of the incident power
I
. At exactly one<quarter wavelength the short<circuited
transmission line &ehaves as a-an/ BBBBBBBBBBB
circuit.
a. inductive &. capacitive c. parallel<resonant
d. series<resonant
ANS.1"r"llelAreson"n#
(. ;etermine the phase<shift represented &y a 7$ ns
delay of a # *7. signal to a 7$<ft ca&le with a
dielectric constant of 2.3.
a. 1() degrees &. #.) degrees c. $2
degrees d. 2$( degrees
ANS.138 'e$rees
V , 36( td 0 >
> ,10f , 1 0 #*7. , 2$( ns
V , 36( -7$/ 0 2$( , 1() degrees

,. !hich of the following is a flat conductor separated &y
an insulating dielectric from a large ground plane that
is usually one<quarter or one<half wavelength long"
a. stripline &. microstrip c. twin<lead wire
d. shielded<pair
A56. microstrip
/. One complete revolution around a 6mith 4hart
represents BBBBBBBBB wavelengths.
a. Q R &. S R c. 1 R
d. 2 R
ANS.B @
8. A mismatched transmission line is also referred to as
a BBBBBBBBBBB line.
a. lossy &. lossless c. non<resonant
d. resonant
ANS.reson"n#
.
0. 't is the ratio of the speed of propagation on a line to
that of light in free<space.
a. velocity factor &. refractive index c. dielectric
constant d. standing<wave ratio
A56.velocity factor
13. !hich of the following is the most widely used H>8
ca&le that can carry &ase&and data at rates up to 1((
*&ps at a range up to 1((m"
a. 4A> # &. 4A> $ c. 4A> $e
d. 4A> 6
ANS.CAT (
11. >he modulated pea: value of a signal is 12$= and the
unmodulated carrier value is )$=. !hat is the
modulation index"
a.(.#7 &. 1.#7 c. (.6)
d. (.32
ANS.3./
m , ?m0 ?c
?max , ?c L ?m K ?m , ?max M ?c , 12$ M )$ , #( =
m , #(=0 )$= , (.#7
12. >he total transmitted power of an A* &roadcast
transmitter with a carrier power of $(:! when
modulated )( percent isI
a. 62.$:! &. 66! c. 66:!
d. #(:!
ANS.,,*9
8t , 8c - 1 L m202/
8t , $(((( - 1 L (.)2 02/
8t , 66((( !
8t , 66:!
13. One of the advantages of ;69 is the savings of great
deal of power. !hich of the following is the reason
why it is not widely used"
a. the signal occupies a narrow &andwidth &. the
signal has a low 605 c. the signal is
wea: at high frequencies d. the signal is difficult
to demodulate
ANS.T5e s%$n"l %s '%++%cul# #o 'e!o'ul"#e
1. 'f the input in a transmitter is collector<modulated the
system is called a BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB.
a. low Mlevel modulator &. high<
level modulator c. differential<
amplifier modulator d. lattice modulator
ANS.5%$5Ale2el !o'ul"#or
1(. input to an +* receiver has a 605 of 2.). !hat is the
frequency deviation caused &y the noise if the
modulating frequency is 1.$A7. and the permitted
deviation is #A7."
a. 1#6(.) 7. &. $#7.) 7. c. 2.67 7.
d. #1(7.3 7.
ANS.(/.8 H7
, fm
, sin <1 506 , sin <1 102.) , (.36$2
, -(.36$2/-1.$A7./ , $#7.) 7.
1,. !hat circuit is used to return the frequency response
of a signal to its normal WflatX level"
a. pre<emphasis &. de<emphasis c. carrier<
recovery d. frequency<multiplier
ANS. 'eAe!15"s%s
1/. 't is the most common means of overcoming the
pro&lems of quanti.ing error and noise.
a. multiplexing &. companding c. amplifying
d. anti<aliasing
ANS. co!1"n'%n$
18. BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB means that the characteristics
and performance of an antenna are the same whether
the antenna is radiating or intercepting an
electromagnetic signal.
a. antenna reciprocity &. antenna
polari.ation
c. antenna grounding d. tower sway
ANS. "n#enn" rec%1roc%#&
10. !hich of the following methods is used to lower the
resonant frequency of a shortened vertical antenna"
a. loading coil &. top hat loading c. drooping
radials d. grounding
ANS.#o1 5"# lo"'%n$

23. 4alculate the gain -relative to an isotropic/ of a
para&olic antenna that has a diameter of 3 m an
efficiency of 6(% and operates at a frequency of #
37..
a. 39.) d9i &. #1.9# d9i c.
37.66d9i d. 79.$3 d9i
ANS. 30.8 ')%
3 , 2 ;20 2
, 3x1()0 #*7. , (.(7$ m
3 , (.6 2-3/2
(.(7$2
3, 9#7#.)
3 , 1( log 9#7#.)
3 , 39.) d9i
21. 't is a phenomenon caused &y any support insulators
used at the ends of the wire antenna.
a. s:in effect &. end effect c. faraday
effect d. miller effect
ANS.en' e++ec#

**Electronics System Technologies**
1. A dipole antenna has a radiation resistance of 67
ohms and a loss resistance of $ ohms measured at
the feedpoint. 4alculate the efficiency.
a. 9(% &. 91% c. 92% d. 93%
ANS. 03%
?fficiency , 2r 0 2t , 67 0 -67 L $/ , 93%
2. >wo antennas have gains of $.3 d9i and #.$ d9d
respectively. !hich has a greater gain"
a. >he first antenna has a higher gain.
&. >he second antenna has a higher gain.
c. 9oth antennas have the same gain
d. 4annot &e determined
ANS. T5e secon' "n#enn" 5"s " 5%$5er $"%n.C
3. A half<wave dipole is sometimes calledI
a. *arconi antenna
&. Yagi antenna
c. 7ert. antenna
d. none of the choices
ANS. Her#7 "n#enn"
. An antennaZs &eamwidth is measured
a. from L9([ to M9([
&. &etween half<power points
c. from front to &ac:
d. &etween the minor side<lo&es
ANS. <e#.een 5"l+A1o.er 1o%n#s
(. \3round ?ffects\ refers to the effects on an antennaZs
radiation pattern caused &y
a. radio signals reflecting off the ground
&. &uildings and other structures on the ground
c. fading
d. faulty connection of the feed ca&le ground
ANS. r"'%o s%$n"ls re+lec#%n$ o++ #5e $roun'
,. An antenna can &e matched to a feed line using
a. a shorted stu&
&. an @4 networ:
c. a loading coil
d. all of the choices
ANS. "ll o+ #5e c5o%ces
/. As the length of a \long<wire\ antenna is increased
a. the num&er of lo&es increases
&. efficiency decreases
c. the num&er of nodes decreases
d. none of the a&ove
ANS. . #5e nu!<er o+ lo<es %ncre"ses
8. @8;A stands for
a. @ow<8ower ;ipole Array
&. @og<8eriodic ;ipole Array
c. @ow<8ower ;irected Array
d. @og 8ower ;ipole Array
ANS. Lo$A8er%o'%c ?%1ole Arr"&
0. +ield strength at a distance from an antenna is
measured with
a. a slotted line
&. an ?'28 meter
c. a dipole
d. a field<strength meter
ANS. " +%el'As#ren$#5 !e#er
13. A receiving antenna with a &uilt<in preamplifier
a. active antenna
&. passive antenna
c. coil
d. @4 antenna
ANS. "c#%2e "n#enn"
11. !hich of the following is not a reason why most half<
wave antennas are mounted hori.ontally at low
frequencies"
a. physical construction is easier
&. more cost<effective
c. mounting is easier
d. support is easier
ANS. !ore cos#Ae++ec#%2e
12. >he shape of the electromagnetic energy radiated
from or received &y an antenna is called the
a. signal shape
&. electromagnetic pattern
c. radiation pattern
d. antenna pattern
ANS. r"'%"#%on 1"##ern
13. Antennas that transmit an equal amount of energy in
the hori.ontal direction are called
a. &i<directional
&. unidirectional
c. omnidirectional
d. unilateral
ANS. o!n%'%rec#%on"l
1. >he a&ility of an antenna to send or receive signals
over a narrow hori.ontal directional range is referred
to as
a. focal factor
&. permittivity
c. directivity
d. hori.ontal range
ANS. '%rec#%2%#&
1(. A &asic antenna connected to a transmission line plus
one or more additional conductors that are not
connected to the transmission line form a
a. parasitic array
&. &i<directional array
c. half<wave dipole
d. counterpoise
ANS. 1"r"s%#%c "rr"&
1,. An antenna made up of a driven element and one or
more parasitic elements is generally referred to as a
a. 7ert. antenna
&. *arconi antenna
c. collinear antenna
d. Yagi antenna
ANS. Y"$% "n#enn"
1/. !hich antennas usually consist of two or more half<
wave dipoles mounted end to end"
a. 7ert.
&. *arconi
c. collinear
d. Yagi
ANS. coll%ne"r
18. A stac:ed collinear antenna consisting of half<wave
dipoles spaced from one another &y one<half
wavelengths is the
a. &roadside array
&. end<fire array
c. wide<&andwidth array
d. parasitic array
ANS. <ro"'s%'e "rr"&
10. !hen the characteristic impedance of the
transmission line matches the output impedance of
the transmitter and the impedance of the antenna
itself
a. the 6!2 will &e 1(I1
&. the 6!2 will &e 1I1(
c. minimum power transfer will ta:e place
d. maximum power transfer will ta:e place
ANS. !":%!u! 1o.er #r"ns+er .%ll #"*e 1l"ce
23. A one<quarter wavelength of coaxial or &alanced
transmission line of a specific impedance connected
&etween a load and a source in order to match
impedances is
a. a &alun
&. an autotransformer
c. a C section
d. dummy load
ANS. " D sec#%on
21. 9y how much should two antennas &e separated for
space diversity in the 11 37. &and"
a. $.$ m &. 7.$m c. 9.$m
d. 11.$m
ANS.(.( !
22. !hat is the phase velocity of a rectangular
waveguide with a wall separation of 3 cm and a
desired frequency of operation of 6 37."
a. 3.#$ x 1() m0s &. #.3$ x 1() m0s c. #.$3 x 1() m0s d.
$.#3 x 1() m0s
ANS.(.3 : 138 !=s
23. A transmitter and a receiver is #$ :m apart. 6uppose
that there is an o&stacle midway &etween the
transmitter and receiver. 9y how much must the path
&etween the towers clear the o&stacle in order to
avoid diffraction at a frequency of 11 37."
a. 17.$2 m &. 1(.$1 m c. ).76 m d. 7.$2 m
ANS. 13.(1 !
2. 7ow far from the transmitter could a signal &e
received if the transmitting and receiving antennas
where #( m and 2( m respectively a&ove level
terrain"
a. ##.$ :m &. #$.# :m c. $#.# :m d. 5one of the
choices
ANS..( *!
2(. A signal propagated in a waveguide has a full wave of
electric intensity change &etween two further walls
and no component of the electric field in the direction
of propagation. >he mode is
a. >?11 &. >?1( c. >*22 d. >?2(
ANS. TE23
2,. An isolator has a forward loss of (.7 d9 and a return
loss of 26 d9. A source provides 1 ! to the isolator
and the load is resistive with an 6!2 of 3. 7ow much
power is dissipated in the load"
a. 1 ! &. )$1 m! c. 7$( m! d. 63) m!
ANS.,38 !9
2/. An isolator has a forward loss of (.7 d9 and a return
loss of 26 d9. A source provides 1 ! to the isolator
and the load is resistive with an 6!2 of 3. 7ow much
power returns to the source"
a. 2$( m! &. 3$( ]! c. $3$ ]! d. 69( ]!
ANS. (.3 : 138 !=s
28. 't is a microwave device that allows 2+ energy to
pass through in one direction with very little loss &ut
a&sor&s 2+ power in the opposite direction.
a. multiplexer &. circulator c. isolator d. wave trap
ANS.%sol"#or
20. A metal wrapped around the para&olic antenna
aperture to eliminate sidelo&es interfering near&y
stations is called
a. radome &. shield c. shroud d. &ass drum
ANS.s5rou'
33. >he wavelength of a wave in a waveguide
BBBBBBBBB.
a. is greater than in free space
&. depends only on the waveguide dimensions and
the free space wavelength
c. is inversely proportional to the phase velocity
d. is directly proportional to the group velocity
ANS9ERE%s $re"#er #5"n %n +ree s1"ce
31. 3eostationary satellites are located at BBBB with
respect to the equator.
a. (( longitude &. (( latitude c. #$( longitude
d. 9(( latitude
ANS. 33 l"#%#u'e
32. >he quality of a space<lin: is measured in terms of the
BBBBBB ratio.
a. 605 &. 30> c. 405 d. ?'28
ANS. G=T
33. !hy does the downlin: frequency appear to vary &y
several :7. during a low earth or&it satellite pass"
a. >he distance &etween the satellite and ground
station is changing causing the Aepler effect
&. >he distance &etween the satellite and ground
station is changing causing the 9ernoulli effect
c. >he distance &etween the satellite and ground
station is changing causing the 9oyleNs @aw effect
d. >he distance &etween the satellite and ground
station is changing causing the ;oppler effect
ANS. T5e '%s#"nce <e#.een #5e s"#ell%#e "n'
$roun' s#"#%on %s c5"n$%n$F c"us%n$ #5e ?o11ler
e++ec#
1. >he most am&itious @?O constellation to date is
BBBBBB.
a. 'ridium
&. 5A=6>A2
c. >eledesic
d. 3lo&alstar
ANS.Tele'es%c
2. A satellite<dish owner has a 3 meter dish designed for
4<&and -# 37./ operation. >he owner wants to use
the same dish with a new feedhorn for Au<&and -12
37./ satellites. !hat effect will the change in
frequency have on the gain and &eamwidth of the
antenna"
a. 3ain increases &y 9.$# d9 &eamwidth
decreases to 103 of its former value.
&. 3ain decreases &y 9.$# d9 &eamwidth
decreases to 103 of its former value.
c. 3ain increases &y 9.$# d9 &eamwidth increases
to thrice of its former value.
d. 3ain decreases &y 9.$# d9 &eamwidth
increases to thrice of its former value.
ANS. G"%n %ncre"ses <& 0.( ')F <e"!.%'#5
'ecre"ses #o 1=3 o+ %#s +or!er 2"lue.
3. >he moon or&its the earth with a period of
approximately 2) days. 7ow far away is it" Assume
circular or&it.
a. 3)( *m &. 3)2 *m c. 3)# *m d. 3)6 *m
ANS.38 M!
. !hat is the length of the path to a geostationary
satellite from an ?arth station if the angle of elevation
is 3(("
a. 6#(( :m &. 39((( :m c. #2#(( :m d. #6((( :m
ANS.30333 *!
(. !hat is the nominal uplin: frequency for the Au
&and"
a. 6 37.
&. # 37.
c. 1# 37.
d. 12 37.
ANS. 1 GH7
,. >o cover all inha&ited regions of the earth the num&er
of polar<or&it satellites required is
a. 1 &. 2 c. 3 d. $
ANS.1
**Printing**
1. >he highest frequency that can &e used for s:ywave
propagation &etween two specific points on earthNs
surface.
a. 4ritical +requency &. *H+ c. 4ut<off
frequency d. mid frequency
ANS. Cr%#%c"l Fre;uenc&
2. =ariation in signal loss caused &y natural weather
distur&ances.
a. attenuation &. fading c. spreading loss
d. weather loss
ANS. +"'%n$
3. ;etermine the radio hori.on for a transmit antenna
that is 2(( m high and a receiving antenna that is 1((
m high
a. 99.$:m &. 96.$ :m c. 9$.)7 :m d.
97.$ :m
A56. 99.
. >he height a&ove the earthNs surface from which a
refracted wave appears to have &een reflected^
a. actual height &. virtual height c. average
height d. mean height
ANS. 2%r#u"l 5e%$5#
(. >he highest frequency that can &e used for s:ywave
propagation &etween two specific points on earthNs
surface.
a. 4ritical +requency &. *H+ c. 4ut<off
frequency d. center frequency
ANS. Cr%#%c"l Fre;uenc&
,. ?lectromagnetic waves that are directed a&ove the
hori.on level.
a. ground waves &. surface waves c. s:y waves
d. space waves
ANS. s*& ."2es
**Communications / Broadcast**
1. An acoustical phenomenon wherein the sound
continues to persist after the cause of sound has
stopped resulting in repeated reflections is called^
a. echo
&. rever&eration
c. reflection
d. diffraction
ANS.re2er<er"#%on
2. A group of filters has 103 octave of spacing. 'f the
initial frequency is 2$ 7. what is the next frequency
availa&le for the filter"
a. $( 7.
&. 12.$ 7.
c. 7$ 7.
d. 31.$ 7.
ANS. 31.( H7
f2 , 2x f1 where x , 103 fraction of an octave
f2 , 2103 x 2$ , 31.$ 7.
3. L 26 d9u is how many volts"
a. 7.7$ =
&. 1$.$ =
c. 31 =
d. 62 =
ANS. 1(.( 4
= -d9u/ , 2( log _ voltage in =olts 0 (.77$ =olts `
26 , 2( log _ voltage in =olts 0 (.77$ = `
26 0 2( , log _ voltage in =olts 0 (.77$ = ` , 1.3
=oltage , log<1 -1.3/ x (.77$ =
=oltage , 1$.$ =
. A type of microphone that uses the principle of a
capacitor as a means of transduction. 't uses a
polari.ing voltage of &etween 9 and #) = of ;4
supply applied to its diaphragm &y an external power
supply.
a. ;ynamic &.4ondenser
c. 2i&&on d.4ar&on
ANS. Con'enser
(. ;etermine the sound power in !atts produced &y the
&an:Ns alarm if a &y<stander heard the alarm at a
sound pressure level of 1(( d9<68@. >he &y<stander
is 1(( ft away from the &an:.
a. $6.)$ !
&. $$.6) !
c. $).$6 !
d. $).6$ !
ANS. (8.,( 9
8!@ , 68@ L 2( log ;-m/ L )
8!@ , 1(( L 2( log -1((03.2)/ L ) , 137.6) d9<8!@
137.6) , 1( log ! L 12(
! , log<1 _-137.6) M 12(/01(`
! , $).6$ !atts
,. A loudspea:er produces an 68@ of )$d9<68@ at 1
meter distance and input electrical power of 1 !. 7ow
loud is the 68@ at distance of 2( meters if this
spea:er is driven to 1( ! of electrical power"
a. )2 d9<68@
&. 69 d9<68@
c. 6$ d9<68@
d. 79 d9<68@
ANS. ,0 ')AS8L
68@a1m01! , )$ d9<68@ -given/
68@a2(m01! , )$ < 2( log -2(m01m/ , $9 d9<68@
68@a2(m01(! , $9 L 1( log -1(!01!/ , 69 d9<
68@
/. A num&er from ( to 1 representing the a&ility of a
surface material to a&sor& sound energy is :nown as
a. 6ound a&sorption
c. A&sorption 4oefficient
&. 2eflection coefficient
d. 2oom 4onstant
ANS.A<sor1#%on Coe++%c%en#
8. >he difference in d9 &etween the loudest level of
sound and the softest passage of sound is :nown as
a. 7eadroom &. signal<to<noise ratio
c. gain d.dynamic range
ANS. '&n"!%c r"n$e
**Satellite Communications**
1. >he height a&ove mean sea level of a satellite in a
geosynchronous or&it around ?arth isI
a. 3$7)6 miles &. 3$7)6 5* c. 3$7)6
feet d. 3$7)6 :m
ANS.3(F/8, *!
2. >he location of a satellite is generally specified in
terms of
a. a.imuth b elevation &. latitude b longitude c.
true morth d. &earing
ANS.l"#%#u'e & lon$%#u'e
3. A point in the or&it of an o&1ect or&iting the earth that
is located closest to ?arth.
a. perigee &. apogee c. apex d.
su&satellite point
ANS. 1er%$ee
. +ind the velocity of a satellite in a circular or&it $((
:m a&ove the earthNs surface.
a. 76 :m0s &. 76 m0s c. 7.6
:m0s d. 7.6 :m0s2
ANS. /., *!=s
+ormula I

v =
4x10
11
d + 6400 ( )
!here I v , velocity in meters per second
d , distance a&ove earthNs surface in :m

v =
4x10
11
(500 + 6400)

, 7.6 :m0s
(. +ind the or&ital period of a satellite in a circular or&it
36((( :m a&ove the earthNs surface if the earthNs
radius is 6#(( :m.
a. 1##( mins &. 2# days
c. 36(( sec d. 1##( sec
ANS. 13 !%ns
+ormula I

=
C
v
!here I > , or&ital period
4 , circumference
v , or&ital velocity
4 , 2 r
, 2D - 6#(( L 36((( / , 266.# x 1(6 m

v =
4x10
11
(36,000 + 6400)
= 3.07km/ s


T =
C
v
=
266.4x10
6
m
3.07x10
3
m/ s
= 24hrs
or 1##( minutes
,. >he outline of a communications satellite antenna
pattern on the earth is :nown asI
a. &eam &. propagation pattern c. spot
d. footprint
ANS. +oo#1r%n#
/. 4alculate the length of the path to a geostationary
satellite from an earth station where the angle of
elevation is 3( .-earthNs radius , 6#(( :m height of
satellite a&ove earth is 36 G 1(3 :m/
a. 36((( :m &. 36((( mi c. 39((( :m
d. 39((( mi.
ANS.30F333 *!
+ormula I

d = (r + h)
2
(rcos)
2
rsin

8. A satellite access technique where each earth station
transmits a short &urst of information during a specific
time slot.
a. +;*A &. ;A*A c. >;*A d.
64A;A
ANS. T?MA G T%!e ?%2%s%on Mul#%1le AccessH
0. An earth station antenna loo: angle is determined &y I
a. a.imuth b elevation &. longitude b latitude c.
&earing d. true north
ANS. "7%!u#5 & ele2"#%on
13. An '>H radiocommunication standards for satellite
services which provides information on the range of
frequencies that can &e used &y fixed satellite service
systems for emergency and disaster relief operations.
a. '>H<2 *1)$# &. '>H<2 6 ((9 c. '>H<2
6.1((1<2 d. '>H<2 6.((#
ANS.ITIAR S.1331A2
**Communications / Broadcast Engineering and
Acoustics**
1. As per 8hilippine standard frequency allocation of A*
2adio 9roadcasting is from^
a. $3$ to 16($ :7.
&. $26.$ to 16($ :7.
c. $3$ to 17($ :7.
d. $26.$ to 17($ :7.
ANS. (2,.( #o 1/3( *H7
2. 8art of &roadcasting in a day that refers to that period
of time &etween 1((( H>4 to 22(( H>4. H>4 stands
for Hniversal >ime 4oordinates.
a. daytime period
&. nighttime period
c. experimental period
d. primetime period
ANS. n%$5##%!e 1er%o'
3. An A* &roadcast service area in which groundwave
field of 1m=0m -6(d9u/ is not su&1ect to o&1ectiona&le
interference or o&1ectiona&le fading.
a. primary service area
&. secondary service area
c. intermittent service area
d. none among these
ANS. 1r%!"r& ser2%ce "re"
. 'n antenna mast or tower construction the required
o&struction painting and0or lighting must &e imposed
on mast or tower more than ^ from the ground level.
a. 1(( ft
&. 1$( ft
c. 2(( ft
d. 2$( ft
ANS. 1(3 +#
(. 2egarding the design of A* antenna what should &e
the polari.ation of the radiator"
a. hori.ontal
&. vertical
c. circular
d. elliptical
ANS. 2er#%c"l
,. As per 8hillipine standard what is the minimum
frequency separation in any service area for ad1acent
A* radio stations"
a. #( :7.
&. 2(( :7.
c. 36 :7.
d. 3(( :7.
ANS. 3, *H7
/. !hat is the maximum power allowa&le for remote
pic:<up stations used as &roadcast auxillary services
for A* and +* &roadcast stations"
a. 1( !
&. 1$ !
c. 3$ !
d. 2(( !
ANS. 3( 9
8. !hat is the classification of an +* station having an
?28 not exceeding 3(:!"
a. 4lass A
&. 4lass 9
c. 4lass 4
d. 4lass ;
ANS. Cl"ss )
0. !hat is the modulation used for the stereophonic
su&carrier of +* composite &ase&and signal"
a. A* ;69 +4
&. A* ;69 64
c. A* 669
d. A* =69
ANS. AM ?S) SC
13. !hat is the pilot su&carrier frequency used in +*
stereophonic transmission"
a. 1$ :7.
&. 19 :7.
c. 3( :7.
d. 3) :7.
ANS.10 *H7
11. >he output power of an +* transmitter is $ :!. 'f the
power loss in transmission line is around 1( ! and
the antenna has a power gain of 6 d9 what is the
?28 of the station in :!"
a. $ :!
&. 3( :!
c. 2( :!
d. 19.96 :!
ANS. 10.0, *9
3A5> , 6 d9 , #
?28 , -$((( M 1(/ x # , #99( x # , 1996( ! or
19.96 :!
12. +requency allocation of +* &roadcast in the
8hilippines^
a. $3$ M 16($ :7.
&. )) M 1() *7.
c. $( M 1$((( 7.
d. 17# M 216 *7.
ANS. 88 J 138 MH7
13. !hat is the color >= system adopted &y the
8hilippines"
a. 5>64
&. 8A@
c. 6?4A*
d. none among choices
ANS.NTSC
1. ?xact value of color su&carrier frequency -*7./ is ^
a. 3.$79$$#
&. 3.$79#$$
c. 3.$)($#$
d. 3.$79$#$
ANS. 3.(/0((
1(. ;etermine the visual carrier frequency of >= channel
9
a. 17$.2$ *7.
&. 1)7.2$ *7.
c. 193.2$ *7.
d. 199.2$ *7.
ANS.18/.2( MH7
f5@9 , 17# L -5 M 7/6 using Arithmetic 8rogression
f9@9 , 17# L -9 M 7/6 , 17# L -2/6 , 17# L 12 , 1)6
*7. low &and frequency of channel 9
f=4 , 1)6 L 1.2$ , 1)7.2$ *7. visual carrier
frequency of channel 9
1,. !hat is the maximum allowa&le ?28s for channels 7
M 13 in *etro *anila and *etro 4e&u"
a. 1(( :!
&. 316 :!
c. 3$( :!
d. 1 *!
ANS. 1 M9
1/. At 5>64 standard the num&er of lines per frame ,
BBBBBBBB lines0frame
a. #)$
&. $2$
c. 62$
d. $)$
ANS. (2(
18. At 5>64 standard line frequency , 1$73#.26# 7..
!hat is the equivalent line period"
a. 66.$$6 usec
&. 6$.$$6 usec
c. 63.$$6 usec
d. 6#.$$6 usec
ANS. ,3.((, usec
f7 , 1$73#.26# 7.
7 , 1 0 f7 , 1 0 1$73#.26#
7 , 63.$$6 x 1(<6 , 63.$$6 usec
10. 5ominal 2+ &andwidth of 5>64 >= channel^
a. #.2 *7.
&. #.$ *7.
c. 6 *7.
d. $.3$ *7.
ANS. , MH7
23. A land mo&ile station used for the transmission of >=
program materials and related communications from
the scenes of events occuring at remote points from
>= &roadcast station studios to >= &roadcast station.
a. >= 8ic:<up station
&. >= 6>@ station
c. >= 'nter<city 2elay station
d. >= 6atellite lin: station
ANS.T4 8%c*Au1 s#"#%on
21. +or a total capacity of 36 *&ps and 6#<CA* of digital
modulation what is the ideal 2+ &andwidth"
a. # *7.
&. $ *7.
c. 6 *7.
d. 7 *7.
ANS. , MH7
+or a 6#<CA* the total num&er of sym&ol
com&inations is 6# sym&ols and the num&er of &its to
produce this is^
n , log2 6# , 6 &its per sym&ol
>herefore the ideal 2+ &andwidth is^
9! , f9 0 n , 36 *&ps 0 6 &its
9! , 6 *7.
22. !hat is the mode of radio wave propagation that
utili.ed ionosphere as a medium of transmission and 0
or reception of radio signals"
a. ground wave
&. s:y wave
c. space wave
d. all of these
ANS.s*& ."2e
23. !hat is the wavelength of a radio signal travelling
at a frequency of 22( *7. in a coaxial line having
>eflon foam as its dielectric cr , 2"
a. 1.( m
&. (.)$ m
c. (.96 m
d. 1.36 m
ANS. 3.0, !
c , 3 x 1() m0sec , 3(( x 1(6 m0sec
velocity factor vf , 1 0 sqrt -cr/ , 1 0 sqrt -2/ , (.7(7 ,
v8 0 c
>herefore the velocity of the radio signal in the coaxial
line is ^
v8 , (.7(7c , (.7(7 -3(( x 1(6/ , 212132(3#.36
m0sec -or 212 x 1(6 m0sec approx./
so that the wavelength of the signal is ^
R , v8 0 f , 212 x 1(6 0 22( x 1(6 , (.963636^ m or
(.96 m approx.
2. !hat is the angle of refraction in a >eflon -cr2 , 2/
medium of a radio wave from air -cr1 , 1.(/ if its angle
of incidence is #$["
a. 2#[
&. 26[
c. 2)[
d. 3([
ANS. 33K
Hsing 6nellNs @aw^
6qrt -cr1/ sin di , 6qrt -cr2/ sin dr
6qrt -1/ sin #$[ , 6qrt -2/ sin dr
dr , sin<1 _-6qrt -1/ sin #$[/ 0 6qrt -2/` , sin<1 -(.$/ , 3([
2(. An ionosphere layer also termed as Wa&sorption layerX
&ecause it a&sor&s most of the frequencies a&ove
1(( :7. is :nown as the ^ layer.
a. ;
&. ?
c. +1
d. +2
ANS. ?
2,. As per '>H<2 2ecc. =.#31<6 >a&les 1 b 2 !avelength
4lassifications what is the classification of 6uper
7igh +requency"
a. metric
&. decimetric
c. centimetric
d. millimetric
ANS.cen#%!e#r%c
67+ &andI 3 37. M 3( 37.
Rmax , 3 x 1() 0 3 x 1(9 , (.1 m , 1(( cm
Rmin , 3 x 1() 0 3( x 1(9 , (.(1 m , 1 cm
67+ &and wavelength classification is ranging from 1
cm to 1(( cm. >herefore it is centimetric wave.
27. !hat is a diversity scheme that uses two -2/
separate antennas and receivers for each single
transmitter"
a. frequency diversity
&. space diversity
c. angle diversity
d. quadrature diversity
ANS.s1"ce '%2ers%#&
28. !hat is a diversity scheme that uses two -2/ different
frequencies in a simplex path"
a. frequency diversity
&. space diversity
c. angle diversity
d. quadrature diversity
ANS. +re;uenc& '%2ers%#&
20. !hat is the critical frequency of a layer if the
maximum value of electron density is 2 x 1(6 per
cm3"
a. 11 *7.
&. 12 *7.
c. 13 *7.
d. 1# *7.
ANS.13 MH7
5max , 2 x 1(6 per cm3 , 2 x 1(6 x 1(6 per m3 , 2 x
1(12 per m3
fc , 9 x sqrt -5max/ , 9 x sqrt -2 x 1(12/
fc , 12.73 *7. or 13 *7. approx.
33. A radio communication lin: is to &e esta&lished via the
ionosphere. >he maximum virtual height of the layer
is 11( :m. at the midpoint of the path and the critical
frequency is # *7.. 'f the distance &etween the radio
stations is $(( :m what is the suita&le value for the
optimum wor:ing frequency" Hse flat terrain analysis.
a. ).2 *7.
&. ).3 *7.
c. ).# *7.
d. ).$ *7.
ANS. 8. MH7
+or flat terrain analysis tan i , d02hv
i , tan<1 _d02hv` , tan<1 _$((02-11(/` , tan<1 _2.273` ,
66.2$[ angle of incidence
*H+ , fc x sec i , fc 0 cos i , # 0 cos 66.2$[ , # 0 (.#(27$
, 9.932 *7. via 6ecant @aw
O!+ , (.)$ x *H+ , (.)$ -9.932/ , ).##22 *7. or ).#
*7. approx.
31. >he power density is inversely proportional to the
square of the distance from the source. >his law is
:nown as^
a. +aradayNs law
b. 6nellNs law
c. 'nverse 6quare law
d. 3auss law
ANS.In2erse S;u"re l".
32. >he lowest portion of the ionosphere that is useful for
long<distance communication &y amateursK a&out 1((
to 11$ :m a&ove the earth is :nown as the^ layer.
>his is often termed as the Aennely<7eavyside layer.
a. ;
&. ?
c. +1
d. +2
ANS. E
33. A graph which shows the radiation in actual field
strength of electromagnetic fields at all points which
are at equal distance from the antenna is :nown as^
a. +requency 2esponse
b. 2adiation 8attern
c. 6mith 4hart
d. +44 +-$($(/ 3raph
ANSF R"'%"#%on 8"##ern
34. >he efficiency of an antenna is )2 %. 'ts
radiation resistance is 3( e. !hat is the value of its
loss resistance"
a. 7$ e
&. 1$ e
c. 12 e
d. 6.$) e
ANS.,.(8 L
f , 2d0-2d L 2loss/
(.)2 , 3(0-3( L 2loss/
(.)2 -3( L 2loss/ , 3( , 2#.6 L (.)2 2loss
2loss , -3( M 2#.6/ 0 (.)2 , 6.$)$# e or 6.$) e
approx.
35. A phenomenon on the surface of the sun with
appearance and disappearance of dar: irregularly
shaped areas.
a. 6';
&. 11<year sunspot
c. 6poradic ?<layer
d. 'onospheric storms
ANS.11A&e"r suns1o#
3,. !hat should &e done to increase the transmission
distance at frequencies higher than 7+ &ands"
a. increase antenna gain
&. increase antenna height
c. increase transmitter power
d. increase receiver sensitivity
ANS. %ncre"se "n#enn" 5e%$5#
3/. !hich of the following factors must &e considered in
the transmission of a surface wave to reduce
attenuation"
a. electrical properties of the terrain
b. frequency
c. antenna polari.ation
d. all choices
ANS."ll c5o%ces
38. A radio station operates at 11 meter wavelength.
!hat is the designated &and of stationNs frequency"
a. *+
&. 7+
c. =7+
d. H7+
ANS.HF
6O@H>'O5 -'+ 82O9@?* 6O@='53/I
c , 3 x 1() m0sec
R , 11 m , c 0 f
f , 3 x 1() 0 11 , 27 *7. approx. which is within 3 M
3( *7. range designated as 7+ &and
30. !hat is the total radio hori.on distance &etween an
)( ft transmitting station and a 2( ft receiving station"
a. $3.66 :m
&. $3.66 mi
c. 1).97 :m
d. 1).97 mi
ANS. 18.0/ !%
6O@H>'O5 -'+ 82O9@?* 6O@='53/I
d27 ->O>/ , sqrt -2 x h>/ L sqrt -2 x h2/
d27 ->O>/ , sqrt -2 x )(/ L sqrt -2 x 2(/
d27 ->O>/ , 1).97 mi
3. A power density of 1.$7 x 1(<# !0m2 is measured $(
meters from a test antenna whose directive gain is
2.1$ d9. 7ow much power was fed into the test
antenna"
a. 1 !
&. 2 !
c. 3 !
d. # !
ANS.3 9
+rom 'nverse 6quare @aw 8; , 820#Dd2
82 , 8; x #Dd2 , 1.$7 x 1(<# x #D-$(/2 , #.93 !
approx. is the radiated power
3A5> , log<1 _2.1$ d901(` , 1.6#
82 , 8+?; x 3A5>
8+?; , 82 0 3A5> , #.93 0 1.6# , 3.((7 ! or 3 !
approx.
**!ireline and wireless **
1. 'dentical telephone num&ers in different parts of a
country are distinguished &y their BBB.
a. language digits &. area codes c. central office
codes d. access digits
ANS."re" co'es
2. >elephone traffic is measured BBBB
a. in erlangs c. with echo cancellers
&. &y the relative congestion d. in terms of the
grade of service
ANS.%n erl"n$s
3. 'n a cellular telephone system each cell site contains
a BBBB.
a. touch tone processors c. repeater
&. control computer d. direct lin: to a &ranch
exchange
ANS.re1e"#er
. !hen the signal from a mo&ile cellular unit drops
&elow a certain level what action occurs"
a. the cell site switches antennas
&. the call is terminated
c. the unit is Whanded offX to a closer cell
d. the *>6O increases power level
ANS.#5e un%# %s M5"n'e' o++N #o " closer cell
(. 'n a cellular telephone system group of cells is called
BBB.
a. sector &. 4luster c. site d. cell segment
ANS.clus#er
,. 'n 4elluar >elephone 6ystems these are
transmissions from &ase stations to mo&ile units
-;ownlin:/
a. forward lin:s &. reverse lin:s
c. >2G d. >2A
ANS.+or."r' l%n*s
/. A 4;*A mo&ile measures the signal strength from
the &ase as <1(( d9m. !hat should the mo&ile
transmitter power &e set to as a first approximation
considering < 76 d9 at mo&ile power contol"
a. 1$( m! &. 2(( m! c. 2$( m! d. 3(( m!
ANS.2(3 !9
8> , <76 d9 < 82
!hereI
8> , transmitted power in d9m
82 , received power in d9m
8> , <76 d9 < 82
, <76 d9 M -<1((d9m/
, 2# d9m
, 2$( m!
8. A telephone signal ta:es 2ms to reach its destination.
4alculate the via net loss required for an accepta&le
amount of echo.
a. (.2 d9 &. (.# d9 c. (.6 d9 d. (.) d9
ANS. 3.8 ')
=5@ , (.2t L (.# d9
!hereI
=5@ , minimum required via net loss in d9
t , time delay in ms for propagation one way
along line
=5@ , (.2t L (.# d9
, (.2 G 2 L (.#
, (.) d9
0. >he typical voltage across a telephone when on<hoo:
isI
a. #) volts ;4 c. 9( volts ;4
&. #) volts 2( hert. A4 d. 9( volts 2( hert. A4
ANS.8 2ol#s ?C
13. 4entral offices are connected &yI
a. local loops c. &oth a and &
&. trun: lines d. none of the a&ove
ANS.#run* l%nes
11. 'n telephony call &loc:ing isI
a. cannot occur in the pu&lic telephone networ:
&. occurs on the local loop when there is an
electrical power failure
c. occurs only on long<distance ca&les
d. occurs when the central office capacity is exceeded
ANS.occurs .5en #5e cen#r"l o++%ce c"1"c%#& %s
e:cee'e'
12. >he ca&le used for local loops in telephone system is
mainlyI
a. twisted<pair copper wire c. coaxial ca&le
&. shielded twisted<pair copper wire d. fi&er<optic
ANS.#.%s#e'A1"%r co11er .%re
13. 'n ;>*+ the four vertical frequencies are BBBB.
a. 12(97. 13367.1#777.16337.
&. 6977.77(7.)$27.9#17.
c. 6797.77(7. )$27. 9#17.
d. 12()7.13367.17#77.16337.
ANS. ,0/H7F//3H7F8(2H7F01H7
1. 'n ;>*+ the 7ori.ontal frequencies are
a. 12(97. 13367.1#777.16337.
&. 6977.77(7.)$27.9#17.
c. 6797.77(7. )$27. 9#17.
d. 12()7.13367.17#77.16337.
ANS.1230H7F 133,H7F1//H7F1,33H7
1(. 'n 4elluar >elephone 6ystems these are
transmissions from mo&ile units to &ase stations
-Hplin:/
a. forward lin:s &. reverse lin:s
c. >2G d. >2A
ANS.re2erse l%n*s
1,. 'n ;>*+ the hori.ontal frequencies is also :nown as
a. low group frequencies
&. high group frequencies
c. mid group frequencies
d. top group frequencies
ANS.5%$5 $rou1 +re;uenc%es
1/. 'n ;>*+ the =ertical frequencies is also :nown as
a. low group frequencies
&. high group frequencies
c. &ottom group frequencies
d. top group frequencies
ANS.lo. $rou1 +re;uenc%es
18. >he &andwidth of voice<grade signals on a telephone
system is restricted in order toI
a. allow lines to &e \conditioned\
&. prevent \singing\
c. allow signals to &e multiplexed
d. all of the a&ove
ANS. "llo. s%$n"ls #o <e !ul#%1le:e'
10. >his is the highest<ran:ing office in the ;;; networ:
in telephony in terms of the si.e of the geographical
area served and the trun:ing options availa&le.
a. section center c. primary center
&. regional center d. all of the a&ove
ANS.re$%on"l cen#er
23. 'n 4ellular 2adio A*86 stand forI
a. American *o&ile 8hone 6ystem
&. Analog *o&ile 8hone 6ervice
4. Advanced *o&ile 8hone 6ystem
d. Advanced *o&ile 8hone 6ervice
ANS.A'2"nce' Mo<%le 85one Ser2%ce

21. 'n 4ellular 2adio 964 stands forI
a. 9ase 6tation 4ontroller c. 9asic 6ervice 4ontract
&. 9ase 6ignal 4ontroller d. 9asic 6ervice 4ode
ANS.)"se S#"#%on Con#roller

22. 'n 4ellular 2adio *64 stands forI
a. *o&ile 6witching 4enter c. *aximum 6ignal 4arrier
&. *o&ile 6ervice 4ellular d. *inimum 6ignal 4arrier
ANS.Mo<%le S.%#c5%n$ Cen#er
23. 'n 36* voice channels are calledI
a. traffic channels c. &earer channels
&. voice channels d. tal:ing channels
ANS.#r"++%c c5"nnels
2. 'n *o&ile 4ommunications 36* usesI
a. frequency hopping c. 4;*A
&. direct<sequence modulation d. all of the a&ove
ANS.+re;uenc& 5o11%n$

2(. 'n *o&ile 4ommunications '*6' stands forII
a. 'ntegrated *o&ile 6u&scri&er 'dentification
&. 'nternational *o&ile 6u&scri&er 'dentification
c. 'nterim *o&ile 6u&scri&er 'dentification
d. 'ntermodulation 6ystem 'nterference
ANS.In#ern"#%on"l Mo<%le Su<scr%<er I'en#%+%c"#%on
** Electronics and Communications**
1. >he most common light used in fi&er<optic lin:s is
a. 'nfrared &. 2ed
c. =iolet d. Hltraviolet
ANS.In+r"re'
2. 'n the telecommunications industry the most
commonly used fi&er-s/ are
a. $( micron &. 62.$ micron
c. $( and 62.$ micron d. 12$ micron
ANS. (3 "n' ,2.( !%cron
3. >he a&rupt change in refractive index from core to
cladding of fi&er<optic ca&le is called the
a. >otal internal reflection &. 5umerical aperture
c. ;ispersion d. 6tep index
ANS. S#e1 %n'e:
. A technique that is used to minimi.e the pulse
dispersion effect is to
a. Hse a higher frequency light source
&. Hse plastic cladding
c. *inimi.e the core diameter
d. All the a&ove
ANS. M%n%!%7e #5e core '%"!e#er
(. !hich is not an important characteristic of a light
detector"
a. 2esponsitivity &. ;ar: current c. 8ower
consumption d. 2esponse speed
ANS. 8o.er consu!1#%on
,. >he dispersion of light in fi&er<optic ca&le caused &y a
portion of the light energy traveling in the cladding is
called
a. *odal dispersion
&. *aterial dispersion
c. !aveguide dispersion
d. 4a&le dispersion
ANS. 9"2e$u%'e '%s1ers%on
/. 2ecent laser developments for fi&er<optic
communication include
a. ;istri&uted feed&ac: -;+9/
&. =ertical cavity surface emitting -=46?@/
c. 7etero1unction
d. ;istri&uted feed&ac: -;+9/ and vertical cavity
surface emitting -=46?@/
ANS.?%s#r%<u#e' +ee'<"c* G?F)H "n' 2er#%c"l
c"2%#& sur+"ce e!%##%n$ G4CSELH
8. !hich of the following considerations is important
when deciding &etween using a diode laser or an
@?;"
a. 2esponse time
&. 8ower levels
c. >emperature sensitivity
d. +ailure characteristics
ANS.Res1onse #%!e
0. 'n 1)1$ the correct explanation of diffraction was
given &y
a. *axwell &. 2ayleigh c. +resnel
d. 6nell
A56.+resnel
13. 't is the central part of the optical communication
system
a. @ight 6ource &. Optical +i&er c.
8hotodetector d. none of the a&ove
ANS.O1#%c"l F%<er
11. >he light energy that is always emitted or a&sor&ed in
discrete units
a. @ight 2ay &. 9oson c. Cuanta
d. @ight
ANS.Du"n#"
12. !hich of the following ?thernet fi&er optic standard
uses synchronous 4entrali.ed 4loc:"
a. 1( 9ase<+@ -@in:/ &. 1( 9ase<+9 -9ac:&one/
c. 1( 9ase<+8 -passive/ d. 9oth a b c
ANS.13 )"seAF) G)"c*<oneH
13. 't is a mixed multiple<service standard to allow the
transmission of voice and video over an +;;F
networ:.
a. +;;' < '' &. +;;' < ' c. 7i 88'
d. ?scon
ANS. F??I A II
1. 't is a layer of plastic that surrounds a fi&er or group of
fi&ers
a. 9uffer >u&e &. 9ul:head c. 4ladding
d. Fac:et
ANS. )u++er Tu<e
** Signal Processing and Control Systems **
1. >he angular separation &etween the two half<power
points on the power density radiation pattern.
a.9andwidth & 9eamwidth c. +ootprint d. A.imuth
ANS.)e"!.%'#5
2. 2efers to the direction in space of electric vector of
the electromagnetic wave radiated from an antenna
and is parallel to the antenna itself.
a.8ropagation &. 4oordinates
c. 8olari.ation d. A.imuth
ANS.8ol"r%7"#%on
3. 8lacing a metallic array on the antenna effects to
increase the current at the &ase of the antenna and
also to ma:e the current distri&ution more uniform.
!hat is this called"
a.2eflector &. 3rounding c. >op loading d. +eeding
ANS.To1 lo"'%n$
. !hat principle that states that the properties of an
antenna are independent of whether it is used for
transmission or reception.
a.Alternation &. ;iplexer
c. 2eciprocity d. 2epeata&ility
ANS.8r%nc%1le o+ rec%1roc%#&
(. 4alculate the &eam width &etween nulls of a 2<m
para&oloid reflector used at 637.. 5oteI such
reflectors are often used at that frequency as
antennas outside &roadcast television microwave
lin:s.
a.1#( &. 7( c. 3.$( d. (.)7$(
ANS.3.(3
,. >his is often used to cure the pro&lem of great
thic:ness required of lenses used at lower microwave
frequencies or for strong curved wavefronts.
a. 6plicing &. goning c. 4urving d. 8olari.ing
ANS.Oon%n$
/. A structure<generally metallic and sometimes very
complex<designed to provide an efficient coupling
&etween space and the output of a transmitter or input
to a receiver.
a.6tu& &. Antenna c. >ransmission line d. waveguide
ANS."n#enn"
8. >he ratio comparing the power density generated &y a
practical antenna in some direction with that due to
an isotopic antenna radiating the same total power.
a. directivity &. ;irective gain c. &andwidth
d. ?lementary dou&let
ANS.?%rec#%2e $"%nG<H
0. Any array that is directional at right angles to the
plane of the array is said &y inference to have
BBBBBBBBBB.
a.9roadside &. 9roadside array c. 9roadside
action d. ?nd<fire array
ANS.)ro"'s%'e "c#%on
13. >he ratio of the focal length to the mouth diameter is
called BBBBBBBBBB of the para&ola 1ust as in camera
lenses.
a. focus &. resolution c. feed
d. aperture
ANS.A1er#ure
11. 4orresponds to a resonant transmission line and the
dipole antennas descri&e so far have &een resonant.
a. 5on<resonant antenna &. 2esonant antenna
c. Antenna arrays d. 5one of the a&ove
ANS.Reson"n# "n#enn"
12. An optic fi&er is made of glass with a refractive index
of 1.$$ and is clad with another glass with a refractive
index of 1.$1. @aunching ta:es place from air. !hat
numerical aperture does the fi&er have"
a. (.)$2 &. (.3$2 c.
1.(32 d. (.23$
ANS. 3.3(2
9y equation -2(.1(/ the fractional difference &etween
the indexes isI
h,-n1<n2/0n1
,-1.$$<1.$1/01.$$
,(.(2$)
9y equation -2(.11/ the numerical aperture is found
to &eI
5A,n1i-2h/
,1.$$i_-2/-(.(2$)/`
, (.3$2
13. An optic fi&er is made of glass with a refractive index
of 1.$$ and is clad with another glass with a refractive
index of 1.$1. @aunching ta:es place from air. !hat is
the acceptance angle"
a. 22.)j &. 1).6j c. 2(.6j
d. 23.6j
ANS. 23.,P
9y equation -2(.1(/ the fractional difference &etween
the indexes isI
h,-n1<n2/0n1
,-1.$$<1.$1/01.$$
,(.(2$)
9y equation -2(.11/ the numerical aperture is found
to &eI
5A,n1i-2h/
,1.$$i_-2/-(.(2$)/`
, (.3$2
9y equation -2(.)/ the acceptance angle isI
V(-max/,sin<15A, sin<1(.3$2,2(.6j
1. +or a single<mode optical ca&le with (.2$<d90:m loss
determine the optical power 1((:m from a (.1<m!
light source.
a. <2$d9m &. <#$d9m c.
<3$d9m d. <3(d9m
ANS. A3(')!
8,(.1m! x 1(<k_-(.2$/-1((/`0-1(/l
,1 x 1(<# x 1(k_-(.2$/-1((/`0-1(/`
,-1 x 1(<#/-1 x 1(<2$/
,(.316]!
8-d9m/, 1(log
, <3$d9m
1(. +or an optical fi&er 1(:m long with a pulse<spreading
constant of $ns0:m determine the maximum digital
transmission rates for return<to<.ero.
a. 1(*&ps &. 2( *&ps
c. $( *&ps d. $ *&ps
ANS.23M<1s
1,. 'n fi&er optics it is a measure of the conversion
efficiency of a photodetector. 't is the ratio of the
output current of a photodiode to the input optical
power and has the unit of amperes per watt
a. ;ar: current &. 2esponsivity c. 6pectral 2esponse
d. @ight 6ensitivity
ANS.Res1ons%2%#&
1/. A phenomenon also called stress corrosion resulting if
the glass fi&er is exposed to long periods of high
humidity"
a. 6tatic fatigue
&. A&sorption
c. 6cattering loss
d. ;ispersion
ANS. S#"#%c +"#%$ue
18. >he theory which states that when visi&le light or
high<frequency electromagnetic radiation illuminates a
metallic surface electrons are emitted.
a. 8hotoelectric effect
&. 8lanc:Ns law
c. 8hotoemission effect
d. 2ay >heory of light
ANS.8l"nc*Qs l".
10. >he science of measuring only light waves that are
visi&le to the human eye
a. 2adiometry
&. 8hotometry
c. Optometry
d. Optics
ANS. 85o#o!e#r&
23. >he process of constructing an '@; that is similar to
@?; except that the ends are highly polished.
a.epitaxially grown &. 8lanar diffusion c. lasing
d. 5one of the a&ove
ANS.L"s%n$
21. A phenomenon in optical fi&ers communication
system that is caused &y the difference in the
propagation times of light rays that ta:e different
paths down the fi&er.
a. 8ulse spreading
&. !avelength distortion
c. 2ayleigh scattering
d. *icro&ending
ANS.8ulse s1re"'%n$
?"#" co!!s
1. 's an O6' @ayer which is responsi&le for providing
error<free communications across the physical lin:
connecting primary and secondary stations -nodes/
a.;ata @in: @ayer &. >ransport @ayer c. 6ession @ayer
d. 8resentation @ayer
A56!?2I a. ;ata @in: layer
2. 's the ratio of the largest possi&le magnitude to the
smallest possi&le magnitude that can &e decoded &y the
digital<to<analog converter.
a. 6tep si.e &. Cuanti.ation ?rror c. 2esolution
d. ;ynamic range
A56!?2I d. ;ynamic range
3. 's a 84* system which uses a single &it 84* code to
achieve digital transmission of analog signals
a.>rellis 4oding &. ;elta modulation c. ;ifferential
84* d. CA*
A56!?2I &. ;elta modulation
#. 's a redundancy error detection scheme that uses parity
to determine if a transmission error has occurred within a
message and is sometimes called message parity.
a. @ongitudinal redundancy chec: &. =ertical
redundancy chec: c. 4haracter 8arity 4hec:
d. 4hec:sum
A56!?2I a. @ongitudinal redundancy chec:
$. 's an n<&it data register inside the HA2> that :eeps
trac: of the HA2>Ns transmit and receive &uffer registers
a. 4ontrol 2egister &. 6tatus !ord
register
c. 4ontrol and 6tatus 2egister d. 4ommand
registerA56!?2I &. 6tatus !ord register
6. 's an access method used primarily with @A5s
configured in a &us topology.
46*A04; &. 46*A c. 46*A04A
d. *A
A56!?2I a. 46*A04;
7. '8 version # address length is
32 &its &. 2# &its c. #( &its
d. #) &its
Ans. 32 &its
). 's a multiport &ridge that provides &ridging function.
a. 2epeater &. hu& c. 2outer
d. 6witch A56!?2I d. 6witch
9. 's a device which operates in the 5etwor: layer and it
ma:es forwarding decisions on the &asis of networ:
addresses
a. 2epeater &. hu& c. 2outer
d. 6witch
A56!?2I c. 2outer
1(. O4<1 -6>6<1/ line rate is
a. $1.)# *&ps &. 1.$## *&ps c. 3 *&ps
d. 2.(#) *&ps
A56!?2I a. $1.)# *&ps
11. 's one in which all computers share their resources
with all the other computers on the networ:.
a. ;edicated client server networ: &. 8eer<to<peer
client0server networ: c. 8eer<to<peer
networ: d. All of the a&ove
A56!?2I &. 8eer<to<peer client0server networ:
12. 's used to interface ;>?s to digital transmission
channels
a. ;ata modem &. 2outer c. 6plitter d.
4hannel service unit
A56!?2I d. 4hannel service unit

13. *odulation which com&ines encoding and modulation
to reduce the
pro&a&ility of error.
a. ;86A &. +6A c. CA*
d. >4*
A56!?2I d. >4*
1#. 's an empirical record of a systemNs actual &it error
performance
a. ?2 &. 9?2 c. ??2
d. 9?2>
A56!?2I &. 9?2
1$. 's an error<correcting code used for correcting
transmission errors in synchronous data streams.
a. >rellis 4ode &. ?94;'4 c. 9isync 4ode
d. 7amming code
A56!?2I d. 7amming code
RA?IO 9A4E
1. >he electric field intensity is measured inI
a. =0m &. =<m c. 40m
d. =04
A56!?2Ia. =0m
2. 't is a result of an increase in the charge density in
dielectric materials.
a. polari.ation &. dipole moment c. potential
d. potential difference
A56!?2 polari.ation
3. 't refers to the maximum antenna gain
a. directivity &. directive gain c. power gain
d. power density
A56!?2I a. directivity
#. >he maximum hori.ontal distance &etween the
transmitter and the receiver for line of sight propagation is
:nown asI
a. radio hori.on &. range c. single hop distance
d. service region
A56!?2I a. radio hori.on

$. >ypical mode of radiation of helical antenna isI
a. end fire &. normal c. common
mode d. differential mode
A56!?2I a. end fire
6.>he electric field is perpendicular to the earthNs surface
the polari.ation isI
a. vertical &. normal c.
hori.ontal d. circular
A56!?2Ia. vertical
7. 'n what ma1or 2+ &and is ground wave &asically
applied"
a. *+ &. 7+ c. =7+ d. H7+
A56!?2 a. *+ -*edium +requency/
). A measure of mismatch in a transmission line
a. reflection coefficient &. propagation
delay
c. standing wave ratio d. all of these
A56!?2Ic. standing wave ratio
9. >he highest frequency that can &e set &ac: to earth &y
the ionosphere if wave is sent vertically upward.
a. maximum usa&le frequency -muf/ &.
propagating frequency
c. critical frequency d. cut<off frequency
A56!?2I critical frequency
1(. >ravel in a straight line from the transmitting antenna
to the receiving antenna
a. ground wave &. scatter c.
space wave d. s:y wave
A56!?2Ic. space wave
11. =@+ waves are for some types of services &ecause
a. of low powers required &. the transmitting antennas
are of convenient si.e
c. they are very relia&le d. they penetrate the
ionosphere easily
A56!?2Ic. they are very relia&le
12. 't is the distance &etween two wave fronts having the
same phase at any given instant.
a. wavefront &. wavelength c. wave
distance d. field intensity
A56!?2I&. wavelength
13. 't is a piece of transmission line which is normally
short<circuited at the far end.
a. terminator &. stu& c. quarter wave transformer
d. none of these
A56!?2I &. stu&
1#. A $( ohms transmission line is connected to a 3( ohm
resistive load. 4alculate the reflection coefficient.
a. (.3$ &. (.2$ c. (.1( d.
(.1$
A56!?2I &. (.2$
6O@H>'O5 - '+ 82O9@?* <6O@='53/
2ef 4oeff , -3( M $(/0-3( L $(/ , (.2$
1$. >he characteristic impedance of a transmission line
does not depend upon its
a. conductor spacing &. conductor diameter
c. length d. conductor
radius
A56!?2I c. length
16. 4haracteristic impedance of a transmission line is the
impedance measured at the BBBBBBB when its length is
infinite.
a. input &. shorted end of the line c. output
d. midsection
A56!?2Ia. input
17. !hich region of the ionosphere is mainly responsi&le
for long<distance night time communications"
a. ; layer &. ? layer c. A
layer d. + layer
A56!?2I d. + layer
1). !hich is properly terminated antenna"
a. rhom&ic &. dipole
c. marconi d. hert.
A56!?2I a. rhom&ic
19. Occurs when the radio &eam is at point of gra.ing over
an o&stacle.
a. diffraction &. refraction c.
a&sorption d. reflection
ansI diffraction
2(. A microwave communications system space loss
calculation formula is
a. 92.# L 1( log + L 2( log ; &. 9#.2 L 1( log + L 2( log ;
c. 92.# L 2( log + L 2( log ;d. 9#.2 L 2( log + L 2( log ;
A56!?2I
c. 92.# L 2(log + L 2( log ;
?ATA
1. >he technique that uses the 986A vector relationship to
generate an output with logical (s and 1s determined &y
comparing the phase of two successive data &its is
a. 46H0;6H &. ;86A c. >;*
d. 4=6;
A56!?2I &. ;86A
2. A special digital modulation technique that achieves
high data rates in limited<&andwidth channels is called
a. ;elta modulation
&. 8ulse<coded modulation -84*/
c. Cuadrature amplitude modulation -CA*/
d. 8ulse amplitude modulation -8A*/
A56!?2I c. Cuadrature amplitude modulation -CA*
3. +6A systems are much superior to two<tone amplitude<
modulation systems with respect to
a. 5oise performance
&. 9andwidth requirements of the channel
c. 'onospheric fading characteristics
d. 8ower consumption
A56!?2I c. 'onospheric fading characteristics
#. Hsing an oscilloscope to display overlayed received
data &its that provide information on noise 1itter and
linearity is called a
a. ?ye pattern
&. 4onstellation pattern
c. 6tatistical concentration
d. @oop&ac:
A56!?2Ia. ?ye pattern
$. >he type of radio transmission that uses
pseudorandomly switched transmissions is :nown as
a. +acsimile
&. 6pread spectrum
c. 6ynthesi.ing
d. 4ompression
A56!?2I &. 6pread spectrum
6. >he acronym 4;*A refers to BBBBBBBB.
a. 4hannel<division multiple<access systems
&. 4arrier<division multiple<access systems
c. 4apture<division multiple<access systems
d. 4ode<division multiple<access systems
A56!?2I4ode<division multiple<access systems
7. >he acronym O+;* refers to BBBBBBBB.
a. Orthogonal +requency ;ivision
*ultiplexing
&. Over +requency ;ivision *ultiplexing
c. Optional +requency ;ivision *odulation
d. Orthogonal +requency ;ivision
*odulation
A56!?2I Orthogonal +requency ;ivision *ultiplexing
). Hsing radio to transmit gathered data on some
particular phenomenon without human monitors is :nown
as
a. 2adio facsimile
&. 2adio telemetry
c. 2adio teletype
d. 2adio multiplexing
A56!?2I 2adio telemetry
9. >he acronym for the form of data transmission in which
the modulating wave shifts the output &etween two
predetermined frequencies is BBBBB.
a. +6A
&. 86A
c. +8+
+6A
A56!?2I a. +6A
1(. 8seudorandom implies a sequence that can &e BBBBB
&ut has the properties of randomness.
a. decoded
&. detected
c. re<created
d. minimi.ed
A56!?2I re<created
11. BBBBBB implies that &oth analog and digital signals
share the same channel &andwidth.
a. A*
&. 7y&rid
c. +*
d. 2+
AnsI hy&rid
12. >elemetry may &e defined as BBBBB metering.
a. distance
&. speciali.ed
c. remote
d. data
A56!?2I 2emote
13. !hich is not a type of pulse modulation"
a. 8ulse<amplitude modulation -8A*/
&. 8ulse<width modulation -8!*/
c. 8ulse<frequency modulation -8+*/
d. 8ulse<position modulation -88*/
A56!?2I 8ulse<frequency modulation -8+*/
1#. 88* and 8!* are superior to 8A* systems in
a. 5oise characteristics
&. 9andwidth characteristics
c. 6implicity in design
d. +requency response of the intelligence
signal
A56!?2I 5oise characteristics
1$. A procedure that decides which device has permission
to transmit at a given time is called
a. @ine control
&. 8rotocol
c. +low control
d. 6equence control
A56!?2I @ine 4ontrol
16. >he ma1or difficulty faced &y delta modulators is
a. ?xcessive noise producing errors
&. 6lope overload
c. 'nsufficient frequency response of the
intelligence signal
d. 4omplexity of design
A56!?2I 6lope overload
17. >he A>b> >1 lines
a. Hse 16<&it 84* code and include 2#
voice channels
&. Hse delta modulation and include #)
voice channels
c. Hse )<&it 84* code and include 2#
voice channels
d. Hse delta modulation and include 2#
voice channels
A56!?2I Hse )<&it 84* code and include 2# voice
channels
1). >he ground wire in a H69 ca&le is BBBBBB
a. Yellow
&. 9lue
c. 2ed
d. 9rown
A56!?2I 9rown
19. A-n/ BBBBBBBB is used to allow a digital signal to &e
transmitted on an analog channel.
a. codec
&. alias
c. modem
d. 86A
A56!?2I *odem
2(. >he &it BBBBBBBB is the amount of power in a digital &it
for a given amount of time.
a. error
&. energy
c. 1oule
d. hp
A56!?2I energy
21. >he relationship for &it rate to BBBBBBBB &andwidth is
defined &y the 6hannon<7artley theorem.
a. modem
&. codec
c. channel
d. amplifier
A56!?2I 4hannel
22. 'n an 607 circuit the time that it must hold the sampled
voltage is
a. Aperture time
&. Acquisition time
c. +lat<top time
d. ;min
A56!?2I Aperture time
23. ?rror signals associated with the sampling process are
called
a. +oldover distortion
&. Aliasing
c. 5yquist rate
d. +oldover distortion and aliasing
A56!?2I +old over distortion and aliasing
2#. A-n/ BBBBBBBB is a single @6' chip containing &oth the
A;4 and ;A4 circuitry
a. modem
&. ;68
c. codec
d. A6'4
A56!?2I codec
2$. >he 52g digital signal<encoding format has a
BBBBBBBB component in the waveform.
a. dc
&. sinusoidal
c. harmonic
d. parity
A56!?2I dc
2eedM6olomon codes utili.e a technique called BBBBBBBB
to rearrange the data into a nonlinear ordering scheme to
improve the chance of data correction
a. pseudorandom
b. 964
c. interleaving
d. quanti.ing
A56!?2I interleaving
1. .+or an electronic device operating at a temperature of
17[4 with a &andwidth of 1( :7. determine the thermal
noise power in d9m .
a. 13#d9m &. 13(d9m c.
<13#d9m d. M 13(d9m
A56!?2I c. A13')!
6O@H>'O5 -'+ 82O9@?*<6O@='53/
5 , A>9 >-:elvin/ , 17[4 L 273[ , 29( A
9 , 1 x 1(
#
7.
, -1.3) x 1(
<23
/-29(/-1 x 1(
#
/ ,
# x 1(
<17
!

5-d9m/ , 1(log -# x 1(
<17
/ , <13# d9m
(.((1
2. A 3((e resistor is connected across the 3((e antenna
input of a television receiver. >he &andwidth of the
receiver is 6*7. and the resistor is at room
temperature .+ind the noise voltage applied to the receiver
input.
a. $.# = &. 3.12 = c. #.$ =
d. 6.7 =
A56!?2I

". (. R4
6O@H>'O5 -'+ 82O9@?*<6O@='53/
=5 ,
, #-1.3) x 1(
<23
F0A/-293 A/-6 x 1(
6
7./-3((
e/
, $.# x 1(
<6
=
, $.# ]=
3. >he signal power at the input to an amplifier is 1((]!
and the noise power is 1 ]!. At the output the signal
power is 1! and the noise power is 3(m!. !hat is the
amplifier noise figure as a ratio"
a. 3.$ &. #.$ c. 3 d. #
6O@H>'O5 -'+ 82O9@?*<6O@='53/
-605/p , 1((]! , 1((
1]!
-605/o , 1! , 33.3
(.(3!
5+ -ratio/ , 1(( , 3
33.$
#. 't is desired to operate a receiver with 5+ , )d9 at 605
, 1$ d9 over a 2((<A7. &andwidth at am&ient
temperature. 4alculate the receiverNs sensitivity
a. <)#d9m &. <9)d9m
c. <)(d9m d. <7$d9m
6O@H>'O5 -'+ 82O9@?*<6O@='53/
6 , 6ensitivity , <7#d9m L 5+ L 1(loghf L
desired 605
6 , <17# L ) L 1(log-2(((((/ L 1$
6 , <9) d9m
$. A 6atellite receiving system includes a dish antenna
- >eq , 3$ A/ connected via a coupling networ: ->eq, #( A/
to a microwave receiver ->eq,$2 A referred to its input/.
!hat is the noise power to the receiverNs input over a 1<
*7. frequency range"
a. 1.7$ x 1(
<1$
! &. 1.7$ x 1(
<12
! c.
1.1$ x 1(
<1$
! d. 1.1$ x 1(
<12
!
6O@H>'O5 -'+ 82O9@?*<6O@='53/
85 , A>hf
, 1.3) x 1(
<23
F0A -3$ L #( L $2/A -1*7./
, 1.7$ x 1(
<1$
!
6. ?quivalent temperature of a passive system having the
same noise power output of a given system.
a. 5oise figure
&. >otal temperature
c. ?quivalent temperature
d. 5oise temperature
AnswerI
'. no%se #e!1er"#ure
7. >he noise voltage produced across a $(e is input
resistance at a temperature of 3(2[4 with a &andwidth of
6 *7. is BBBBBB.
a. $.1$ ]= &. 3(($m=
c. 212#m= d. 2.2#]=
6O@H>'O5 -'+ 82O9@?*<6O@='53
=5 , , #-1.3) x 1(
<23
/-3(2/-6
x 1(
6
/-$(/
, 2.2#]=
). ;etermine the worst<case output 605 for a &roadcast
+* program that has a maximum intelligence frequency of
$ :7.. >he input 605 is 2
a. 2.$ &. 3( c. 3
d. 2$
6O@H>'O5 -'+ 82O9@?*<6O@='53/
, m x fi
, (.$ x $ :7. , 2.$ :7.
7$ :7. , 3(
2.$ :7.
** Signal Processing and Control Systems**
1. 6uppose that energy C is required to accelerate a car
from rest to v neglecting friction. 7ow much added
energy would &e required to increase the speed from
v to 2v"
a. C &.2C c. 3C d.#C
ANS. 3D
Hsing the energy equation !,A?2 M A?1
C , (.$mv2 M ( < condition 1
! , (.$m-2v/2 M (.$mv2 < condition 2
!,2mv2 M (.$mv2 , 3-(.$mv2/ , 3C
2. 6uppose you want to store 1.(( F of electric potential
energy in a volume of 1.(( m3 in vacuum. !hat is the
magnitude of the required electric field"
a. (.#7$ *=0m &. (.336*=0m c. (.22$>=0m
d. (.113>=0m
ANS.ES3./( M4=!
u,1.((F01.((m3 , 1.((F0m3
?,(.#7$ *=0m -a/
3. *aterial a is a water and material & is a glass with
index of refraction 1.$2. 'f the incident ray ma:es an
angle of 6(o with the normal find the direction of
the reflected ray.
a. #9.3o &. 91.3o c. 6(o
d. 3#.7o
ANS9ERE ,3o
. >he wavelength of the red light from a helium<neon
sensor is 633 nm in air &ut #7# nm in the aqueous
humor inside our eye&alls. 4alculate the speed of
light in this su&stance.
a. 2.2$ x 1() m0s &. 3.2$ x 1() m0s
c. 3.(( x 1() m0s d. 1.2$ x 1() m0s
ANS. 2.2( : 138 !=s
(. A spaceship moving away from ?arth with speed of
(.9((c fires a ro&ot space pro&e in the same direction
as its motion with speed of (.7((c relative to the
spaceship. !hat is the pro&eNs velocity relative to the
?arth"
a. (.9((c &. (.3#$c c. (.7((c d. (.9)2c
ANS. 3.082c
,. 'n optics this effect refers to the &lurring of the image
produced on a concave mirror due to the
convergence of rays far from the mirror to other points
on the principal axis. !hat do you call this effect"
a. spherical a&erration &. focal divergence c.
parallax error d. 6nellNs effect
A56.spherical a&erration
/. 'n fluid mechanics this shows that the pressure of a
fluid decreases as the speed of the fluid increases. 'n
addition the pressure of a fluid decreases as the
elevation increases.
a. 4lairutNs equation &. 9ernoulliNs
equation
c. *axwellNs equation d. 7yrdofluid equation
ANS.)ernoull%Qs e;u"#%on
8. 'n electrodynamics what term refers to the average
speed of the charge carriers"
a. drag velocity &. molecular<:inetic speed
c. drift speed d. charge velocity
ANS.'r%+# s1ee'
0. 'n electromagnetics and wave theory what refers to
waves commonly generated &y electronic devices
whose wavelengths ranges from approximately (.3m
to 1(<# m. ;ue to their short wavelengths these are
often used in radar systems and for studying the
atomic and molecular properties of matter.
a. 2adio waves &. *icrowaves
c. A* waves d. 2adar waves
ANS.!%cro."2es