Mng ng trc 100G

1.Khi no n thi ca 100G?

Vi s pht trin ca cc dch v a phng tin da trn IP c bit l cc dch v
video, lu lng mng ang tip tc gia tng mt cch nhanh. iu ny dn ti kt qu
tt yu l lm xut hin cc mng truyn ti cc ln nh 40G hay 100G. Cc cng ngh
ny ni ln nh mt cng ngh chnh c kh nng h tr s gia tng ca bng thng
mng. Sau mt thi gian di qung co, cc cng ngh 40G cui cng c trin khai.
Theo bo co ca hng Ovum th tc t tng trng gp hng nm ca mng 40G WDM
s vt 70% trong giai on 2008-2014.
Chng ta tng c chng kin khong thi gian hn 7 nm k t khi bt u ra
mt sn phm 40G u tin cho ti khi chng c trin khai thng mi rng khp th
gii. C 3 nguyn nhn dn ti thi gian a sn phm ra th trng di nh vy: Th
nht, s n tung ca bong bng Internet lm chm qu trnh trin khai cc cng
ngh mi. Th 2, cng ngh 40G phc tp hn nhiu so vi cng ngh 10G v khng d
ha hp hai cng ngh ny. Cui cng, s thiu ht ca cc tiu chun cng nghip,
c bit l cho 40G v cc module dn n vic c qu nhiu cng ngh 40G trong khi
li thiu ngun ti chnh cho cc cng ngh ny.
Chng ta c bi hc vi 40G v do khng th lp li nhng li nh trn khi
trin khai cc tiu chun 100G. Cc tiu chun ny c thc hin bi 3 t chc tiu
chun chnh l IEEE, ITU v OIF trong na u nm 2010 v y l tin cho trin
khai rng khp cc ng dng 100G. Thm vo , 100G c th k tha cc c tnh ca
cng ngh 40G v mt s nh khai thc thm ch khng ngn ngi b qua 40G i
thng ln xy dng cc mng 100G nhanh chng a cc tiu chun v cng ngh
100G vo thc tin.
Tuy nhin, xem xt k hn s chn mui ca 100G v mt tiu chun, cng ngh v
hiu qu chi ph cho thy t tng lc quan cn phi c kim sot cht ch. Cc tiu
chun cng ngh cho 100GE (100G Ethernet) c hon thin vo gia nm 2010 tuy
nhin cc tiu chun cho cc module 100G quang v 100G DWDM (WDM mt cao)
vn cha hon thin v cn thm thi gian. Bn cnh v mt cng ngh, ton b ngnh
cng nghip 100G l hon ton mi v do sau khi cc tiu chun c ph duyt th
ngnh cng nghip bao gm sn xut chip, sn xut h thng, cc thnh phn khc cho
cng ngh ny vn cn mt khong thi gian n nh v trng thnh.
Chng ta cn rt cn thn khng lp li cc li mc phi khi trin khai 40G
dn ti mt chui cc gi tr 40G cn ang dang gi nh hin nay. Thm vo , xt mt
cch lu di th 100G l kh t. Cc nhn t ny ang kt hp to nh hng ti k
hoch thng mi ha 100G.
Mc d thi im a cc cng ngh 100G ra th trng c cho l s ngn hn nhiu
so vi 40G song mt qu trnh x l di ca pht trin th trng v cng ngh vn l cn
thit trc khi chnh thc tung ra th trng. iu c ngha l 100G s cng tn ti vi
40G trong mt khong thi gian. Xt mt cch tng quan cc nhn t th thi im nm
2012 s l thch hp cho thng mi ha 100G.
2. Cc vn khng th thiu c 100G
V mt cng ngh, truyn ti 100G ch yu l vn iu ch m 100G, cng ngh
m sa li trc FEC (forward error correction) v cc cng ngh truyn ti ng. Cng
ngh iu ch m tin tin l cn thit cho vic thc hin truyn ti WDM dung lng
cao v truyn ng di. Mt s hng trn ln trn th gii nghin cu cc vn ny,
v d nh Huawei pht trin cc cng ngh iu ch m tin tin nh sDQPSK,
oPDM-DQPSK, v ePDM-QPSK.
Cng ngh sDQPSK s dng cng ngh kim sot phn cc gim tc ng phi
tuyn trong h thng DWDM tc cao, cho php h thng truyn tn hiu trn khong
cch 1,200km. Bng vic thc thi phn cng kt hp vi cc thut ton tin tin, cng
ngh oPDM-DQPSK to iu kin theo di mt cch nhanh chng phn cc quang v
gip truyn ti ti 80 bc sng tn hiu ti 100G. Cc c tnh cch tn ca cng ngh
ePDM-QPSK c th k n nh b chuyn i tn hiu tng t s tc cao (ADC),
b x l s tc cao (DSP).
Da trn cc thut ton tin tin, DSP c th theo di s phn cc, khi phc ng
h, pha v thng tin d liu, thc hin b tn sc v b tn sc phn cc (PMD). Cng
ngh ePDM-QPSK c th truyn ti ln ti 80 bc sng ca tn hiu ti 100G trn
khong cch 1500km.
Cng ngh FEC l mt c tnh quan trng khc cho truyn ti ng di. loi
tr nh hng ca nhiu lm suy gim cc tn hiu quang, mt h thng 100G yu cu
FEC cao hn cc h thng truyn ti hin nay. Huawei pht trin c lp mt thut
ton FEC tin tin loi tr cc suy hao tn hiu v t m bo cho cht lng tn
hiu khi truyn ti ng di.
kim chng tnh kh thi ca cc cng ngh truyn ti 100G, Huawei tin
hnh mt lot cc th nghim truyn ti tn hiu cho 100G vi cc nh khai thc chnh.
Thng 12/2009, Huawei kim th thnh cng truyn ti tn hiu ti Ty Ban Nha
vi vic loi tr c tr in t thng qua cng ngh 100G trn khong cch 1000km.
S thc thi lai ghp gia cc c ch truyn ti 10, 40, 100G chng t h thng c kh
nng h tr dung lng cc ln ln ti 8Tbps trn mt si cp n sau khi c nng cp
t 10G ln 40/100G.
Thng 4/2010, kim th ca hng ti Anh xc nhn kh nng truyn ti lai ghp
10, 40, 100G thng qua vic truyn ti thnh cng dch v HDTV/IPTV theo thi gian
thc.
Mi y Huawei hon thnh mng truyn ti 10, 40 v 100G ti c. ng ch
l vi cc cng ngh 100G tin tin, hng kim th thnh cng truyn ti quang vt
hn mc 2000km mc gii hn ca truyn ti ng di trong cc mng thc t.
Cc kim th ny khng ch l minh chng y cho sc mnh ca cng ngh
truyn ti 100G ca Huawei m cn a hng tr thnh nh khai thc thng mi c
nh gi l c kinh nghim trong vic trin khai v vn hnh cng ngh 100G. Hng s
tip tc cc th nghim cn thit vi cc nh khai thc hng u th gii m bo tnh
n nh, tin cy v tin tin ca cng ngh 100G.
3. Thch thc
Bi ton dung lng cc
S gia tng lin tc v nhanh chng ca lu lng IP ang y mc bng thng
gia cc b nh tuyn backbone ln mc 100Gbps thm ch cao hn. Thm vo , cc
cng 10G lm suy gim hiu sut ng 10G v hiu qu ca router thng thng. Trong
tng lai, phn ln c k vng l s thay th cc cng ny bng cc cng 100G.
Dung lng chuyn mch ca b nh tuyn cng l mt vn cp bch. Cc
thng k ch ra rng dung lng b nh tuyn tng 2,2 ln trong 18 thng, cao hn
ng k so vi nh lut Moore, trong khi lu lng mng ch tng gp 2 ln trong 12
thng. R rng nng lc b nh tuyn ang i nhanh hn lu lng mng, i hi cc b
nh tuyn nhm phc v nh mt gii php tng phn. Trong khi cc b nh tuyn
nhm gip gim bt vn dung lng, vn chi ph v tiu th ngun vn l mt thc
ln i vi mng backhaul v do mt gii php di hn tr thnh nhu cu cp thit.
Xu hng san phng lu lng mng
Vi s a dng ha ca cc ng dng mng v s ln mnh ca cc cc thc th
mng ca cc ISP ln, lu lng mng ang tng ngy cng c san phng. Cc v d
in hnh l cc trung tm d liu Internet v cc ng dng im im (P2P).
Bo dng phc tp
S gia tng cc node mng v kin trc mng phng ang lm phc tp thm mng
ti c lp truyn ti v cc b nh tuyn v lm cho chng tr nn kh hn trong vic
qun l v bo dng.
4. Phi hp IP v truyn ti
Cc thch thc phi i mt ca mng ng trc c th c gii quyt mt phn
thng qua vic trin khai cng ngh giao tip 100G, cc b nh tuyn nhm, mng
truyn ti 100G v mng WDM. Tuy nhin, cc cng ngh ny khng p ng y
cho mt con ng pht trin ca mt mng 100G.
c bit, cc vn vi dung lng b nh tuyn, hiu nng mng trn lp truyn
ti v IP v cuc gi phc tp cho phi hp gia lp IP v truyn ti. Hin nay, ngnh
cng nghip xut cc la chn khc nhau, trong c 3 la chn ni bt nh sau:
OTN/cOTN
Gii php ny s dng cng ngh phn knh OTN (cOTN) ti lp nh tuyn v cc
cng ngh giao tip ca OTN v VLAN/MPLS ti lp mng truyn ti. Cc cng ngh
ny kt hp cung cp mt mng truyn ti IP ti u nht.
Nh mt phn ca gii php, lp nh tuyn tip tc s dng cc cng ngh trin
khai hin ti hoc trin khai cng ngh cOTN nng cao hn na hiu nng mng. Lp
mng truyn ti kt hp cc cng ngh OTN v ROADM ci thin kh nng chuyn
mch gia cc bng thng c nh G, 2.5G, 10G, 40G, 100G hoc cc bng thng thay
i. Hai lp to thnh mt mng bin thng nht v hiu qu thng qua vic phi hp
qun l lung lu lng, quy hoch phn cp v bo v phi hp.
Giao tip WDM + ROADM
Gii php ny s dng giao din WDM v cng ngh ROADM ti li mng truyn
ti. Tuy nhin, cc node ROADM khng th iu chnh cc bc sng con v v vy
khng th truyn ti d liu trn a bng tn trong mt mng backbone. Hn th na cc
giao tip WDM khng c chun ha, ngha l cc ng dng ch o l khng th. Cc
tn hiu 40G v 100G tc cao nhy cm hn vi suy gim vt l so vi cc tn hiu tc
thp hin nay. Trong tng lai, cc mng ln s vn yu cu cc b chuyn tip v
chuyn i bc sng cng nh s dng cc b nh tuyn cho c hai hot ng l kh
tn km.
MPLS-TP
Gii php ny gii thiu chuyn mch nhn a giao thc (MPLS) nh mt thay th
n gin cho chuyn mch IP thng qua b nh tuyn. H s truyn ti MPLS (MPLS-
TP) ci thin kh nng OAM v s dng ROADM ti lp quang. C ch MPLS gip ci
thin s dng mng nhng c th lm gim QoS, cn bng QoS v chi ph ngun kh
khn hn. Hn na, vic tiu chun ha MPLS-TP ang tin hnh tng i chm v do
lm hn ch s pht trin ca gii php.
5. Thay cho li kt
IP v OTN kt hp vi nhau s thng tr mng ng trc backbone trong k
nguyn ca 100G. C th, OTN/cCOTN s tng tc h tr ch ca cc lp IP v
OTN. Huawei l mt trong nhng tp on ln u t nghin cu kh k cc kha
cnh ca kin trc mng cng nh cc cng ngh li 100G. Tt nhin, vic la chn cng
ngh v nh cung cp no cn ty thuc hon cnh c th ca tng nh mng.
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Nguon: xahoithongtin