1

WRAJ IS FIRSJ AI0!

l|:s A|d |s |c |nncd|ac ca:c o |c ||| o: |uu:cd uco:c :cancu cau uc j|vcu u, a ncd|ca|
:ocss|oua|.
Ams oI FrsI Ad :
- !o asscss |c s|ua|ou.
- !o :ccoju|zc |c :ou|cn.
- !o :ov|dc |nncd|ac ca:c.
- !o :csc:vc L|c.
- !o :cvcu wo:scu|uj o |uu:,.
- !o :onoc :ccovc:,.
- !o a::aujc :ausc: o a |os|a|, o: o: doco:s adv|cc.
WhaI wll you lcarn on Ihc coursc !
You w||| |ca:u |c csscu|a| s||||s o dca| w|| acc|dcus, cnc:jcuc|cs aud suddcu |||ucss, w||c| a:c
connou|, sccu|uda, o da, ||c.
NJt.. |irt Ai0 n.cur. cr. rJt n.crt tJ r.j|c.. t|. n.0i.c| jrJ.iJrc| .cr. cr0 tr.ctn.rt, ut
Jr|y tJ jrJvi0. t.njJrcry ujjJrt urti| jrJ.iJrc| n.0i.c| |.|j crriv..

IN100C1I0N
IN100C1I0N 1.
IIS1 AI kI1
Scssors
lo: cu|uj d:css|ujs| uaudajcs
Jwcczcrs
!o u|| ou s|ujs
Charcoal JablcIs
!o uc a|cu o: |ujcscd
d:uj o|sou|uj
JhcrmomcIcr
lo: ncasu:|uj cnc:au:c
c||c: uudc: |c oujuc|a:n|
FrsI Ad KI
C0NJFNJS 0F FIRSJ AI0 KIJ
- Sc|sso:s - Au|sc|c w|cs
- C|a:coa| !au|cs - Cauzc Pad
- !wcczc:s - Coou woo|
- !|c:noncc: - !:|auju|a: baudajc
- 0|sosau|c C|ovcs - Au|sc|c C:can
- Ad|cs|vc !ac - Lsscu|a| Vcd|c|uc
- Sac, P|us - 0:css|ujs
- C:cc baudajcs
IIS1 AI kI1
8
2.
Jrangular 8andagc
Uscd o: |nnou|||sa|ou o :acu:cs
aud o covc: wouuds
0rcssngs
!o covc: wouuds
Crcpc 8andagc
lo: uaudaj|uj wouud
FsscnIal Mcdcnc
AnIscpIc Crcam
AnIscpIc Wpcs
!o c|cau wouud
0auzc Pad
!o covc: wouuds
CoIIon
!o c|cau wouuds
Adhcsvc Japc
!o ac cuds o d:css|ujs|uaudajcs
0sposablc 0lovcs
lo: P:occ|ou :on couan|ua|ou
SaIcIy Pns
!o |u uaudajcs
6 4
7
0FNFRAL FMFR0FNCY 0uI0FLINFS
Asscss Ihc SIuaIon :
C|cc| sccuc sac,.
!a|c cou:o| o ,ou: cc||ujs - dou' ac |nu|s|vc|,.
0cc|dc w|c|c: o ca|| o: cnc:jcuc, |c| o: uo.
Ca|| o: |c| RLVLVbLR LAChSLC0N0C0UN!S}.
ConIrollng Your Fcclngs :
Rcna|uca|naud connuu|cac a ca|n, suo:|vc a|udc o |c ||| o: |uu:cd lud|v|dua|.
!:, o :occ a cou|dcu a|udc o |c casua|,, cx|a|u|uj w|a ,oua:c do|uj.
Ncvc: |cavc au ||| o: |uu:cd |ud|v|dua| uuacudcd. havc soncouc c|sc ca|| o: |c| |u |c o:n
o Vcd|ca| |c||Anuu|aucc dccud|uj ou|c sc:|ousucss.
0o uo a||owuuucccssa:, c:owd|uj o a:ca u, ou|oo|c:s.
l :a|ucd aud | ucccssa:,, |us|uc CPR o: Rcscuc b:ca||uj.
0o uo ucconc |uvo|vcd |uus|uj :cancu nc|ods uc,oud ,ou: s||||.
w|cu|udouu, ca|| o: |c|.
Whcn Jo Call !
luaucnc:jcuc,, na||uj |c :|j| |ouc ca|| cauncau|c d|c:cucc ucwccu||c aud dca|.
Call cmcrgcncy mcdcal scrvccs closcsI Io you I Ihc vcIm-
has uo u|sc.
ls uucousc|ous o: scn|-cousc|ous.
ls s|ow|uj s|jus o s|oc|.
has a s|ua| |uu:,.
has a |cad |uu:,.
has nu|||c :acu:cs.
ls u|ccd|uj scvc:c|,.
Cauuo uc novcd cas||,.
has au|uu:, o: |||ucss |a |s ||c |:cacu|uj.
WPA1 10 0 IIS1 ?
WPA1 10 0 IIS1 ?
8.
0 8
has u:ca||uj :ou|cn.
bu:us sc:|ous o: covc:|uj |a:jc a:ca}.
Po|sou|uj.
Sc|zu:cs no:c |auouc couvu|s|ou}.
Sc:|ous ||nu |uu:, o: anua|ou.
lo:c|juuod, |u|:oa.
8cng Prcparcd :
w|cu ,ou ca|| o: |c|, uc :ca:cd o j|vc ,ou: uanc, |c |oca|ou, aud |c dca||s o
cnc:jcuc,.
Kuow|c :ouc o |c uca:cs |os|a| cnc:jcuc, :oon| oss|u|c.
WhaI Io Icll Ihc docIor or ambulancc sIaII !
w|a |as |acucd.
w|acvc: s,nons o: s|jus d uau:c o |uu:|cs.
w|c:c|s |c v|c|n.
!|c |ouc uunuc: aud add:css o ,ou: |oca|ou.
unvcrsal PrccauIons :
For Randlng 8loodj8ody Fluds :
- l |s |no:au o :cvcu |ucc|ous :on s:cad|uj :on ouc c:sou o auo|c:, |:ouj|
couac w|||ucc|ous nac:|a|s |u:ou|uc aud cnc:jcuc, s|ua|ous.
- Usc :occ|vc ua::|c:s aud |ucc|oucou:o| cc|u|uucs |ua|| |c o||ow|uj s|ua|ous.
1. w|cuca:|uj o: u|ccd|uj |uu:|cs o: |aud||uj o|c: uod, |u|ds.
2. bod, |u|ds |uc|udc u|ood, d:a|uajc :on cus, s||u |cs|ous, u:|uc, acccs, von|s, uasa|
d|sc|a:jc aud sa||va.
3. Avo|d d|:cc couac w|| uod, |u|ds. Usc d|sosau|c j|ovcs o: c|cau|uj cus aud sc:acs
o: au, |uu:|cs|u|ccd|uj wouuds.
4. l s||u couac occu:s, |auds aud a|| o|c: acccd s||u s|ou|d uc was|cd w|| soa aud
:uuu|uj wac: as soouas oss|u|c.
For Rcscuc 8rcaIhng :
- l | |s ucccssa:, o c:o:n :cscuc u:ca||uj, a ouc-wa, nas| o: o|c: |ucc|ou cou:o|
ua::|c: |aud|c:c||c} s|ou|d uc uscd. howcvc:, :cscuc u:ca||uj s|ou|d uo uc dc|a,cd
w|||c suc|a dcv|cc |s uc|uj |ocacd.
Pror Io JrcaImcnI :
- was||auds w||soa aud wac: o: :|usc w||auau|sc|c so|u|ou, | ava||au|c.
- l ava||au|c, j|ovcs s|ou|d a|wa,s uc wo:u.
- !a|c ca:c uo o ouc|au, uuc|cauoucc w|cuwca:|uj j|ovcs o: oucc |auds a:c was|cd.
- l oss|u|c, usc a :occ|vc covc: ovc: c|o||uj.
0urng JrcaImcnI :
- Usc a acc s||c|d o: nas| w|| a ouc-wa,-va|vc o: ||c:, | ava||au|c, w|cu do|uj ac|vc
:csusc|a|ou, a|c:ua|vc|,, usc a |aud|c:c||c.
- Usc ou|, c|cauuaudajcs aud d:css|ujs.
- Avo|d couac w||uod, |u|ds.
- Avo|d :ca|uj no:c |auouc casua|, w||ou was||uj |auds aud c|auj|uj j|ovcs.
11 10
AIIcr JrcaImcnI :
- C|cauu uo|casua|, aud ,ou:sc|.
- C|cauu |c |nncd|ac v|c|u|,.
- 0|sosc o d:css|ujs, uaudajcs, s|a:s, j|ovcs aud so||cd c|o||uj sac|, aud co::cc|,.
- was||auds w||soa aud wac: |o:ouj||,, cvcu| j|ovcs wc:c uscd.
- wasc nac:|a|s cau uc |accd |us|dc a |as|c uaj, w||c| |s |cu |accd |us|dc auo|c:
|as|c uaj aud |cd sccu:c|,.
- C|cau|c s|||s.
Rand Washng Proccdurc :
- was| |auds v|jo:ous|, w|| soa uudc: a s:can o :uuu|uj wac: o: a |cas 10 sccouds.
Lusu:c |a |auds a:c was|cd |o:ouj||, ucwccu|ujc:s aud uudc: ua||s.
- R|usc |auds wc|| w||:uuu|uj wac: aud |o:ouj||, d:, w||ac: owc|s.
- Lvcu| j|ovcs a:c uscd, |auds s|ou|d uc was|cd ac: :cnova| o j|ovcs.
- lu casc o |aud||uj no:c |au ouc casua|,, c|aujc j|ovcs aud was| |auds |u ucwccu |c
ca:c o cac|casua|,.
0lovcs :
- C|ovcs s|ou|d uc wo:u w|cu d|:cc ca:c na, |uvo|vc couac w|| au, ,c o uod, |u|d, as
cx|a|ucd auovc.
- 0|sosau|c s|uj|c-usc, wac::oo j|ovcs c.j., |acx o: v|u,|} s|ou|d uc uscd.
- 0o uo :cusc j|ovcs.
0sposal oI InIccIous WasIc :
- A|| uscd o: couan|uacd su||cs c.j., j|ovcs aud o|c: ua::|c:s, sau|a:, ua||us,
uaudajcs} cxcc s,:|ujcs, uccd|cs, aud o|c: s|a: |n|cncus s|ou|d uc |accd |uo a
|as|c uaj aud sca|cd. !||s uaj cau uc |:owu |uo |c ja:uajc ou o :cac| o c|||d:cu o:
au|na|s.
- bod, wasc c.j., u:|uc, von|s, cccs} s|ou|d uc d|soscd o |u |c o||c. l uod, |u|ds c.j.,
u:|uc, von|s} a:c s|||cd, |c uod, |u|ds s|ou|d uc covc:cd w|| au auso:ucu sau|a:,
nac:|a|, jcu|, swc u, aud d|sca:dcd |u|as|c uajs.
Clcan up : Splls oI blood and body Iluds :
- S|||s o u|ood aud uod, |u|ds s|ou|d uc c|caucd u |nncd|ac|, w||a d|s|uccau c|cauc:.
- wca: j|ovcs.
- Vo u s||| w||auso:ucu nac:|a|.
- was||c a:ca wc||, us|uj 1.10 wac:|u|cac|so|u|ouo: a:o:|ac d|s|uccau.
- 0|sosc o j|ovcs, so||cd owc|s, aud o|c: wasc |u sca|cd |as|c uajs aud |acc |u ja:uajc,
as a|:cad, |ud|cacd.
18
C0MM0N
C0NI1I0NS
Vos |cadac|cs a:c n|uo: aud cau uc :cacd w|| a a|u :c||cvc:.
howcvc:, | |s |no:au o uoc |a sonc|ncs, |cadac|cs
....cau uc causcd u, sc:|ous uudc:|,|uj :ou|cns. l a |cadac|c |s
scvc:c, jcs wo:sc dcs|c ncd|ca|ou o: |as acconau,|uj
s,nons suc| as cvc:, s| ucc|, von||uj, couus|ou, ncd|ca|
|c| s|ou|d uc souj| |nncd|ac|,. V|j:a|uc |cadac|cs usua||,
sa: :onouc s|dc, aud na, uc assoc|acd w||uausca|von||uj.
Causcs
Connou|, causcd u, cx|aus|ou, c,c s:a|u, uc:vous cus|ou,
cno|oua| usc o: s:css. V|j:a|uc |cadac|cs a:c vc:, connou
aud ocu causcd u, ':|jjc:s' suc| as cxosu:c o u:|j| ||j| o:
ac: ca|uj cc:a|uoods.
FrsI Ad :
a. Va|c |c acccd c:sou s| dowu o: ||c dowu cono:au|,
|ua uu|c |acc. l|j. 4.1.1}
u. C|vc 2 au|cs o Pa:accano| | |c c:sou |s au adu|. C|vc
S,:u Pa:accano| as c: :cconncudcd dosc o c|||d:cu.
c. A|, co|d con:css ou|c o:c|cad. l|j. 4.1.2}
d. l assoc|acd w|| au, o |c auovc-ncu|oucd s,nons,
o: uu:c||cvcd, cousu| a doco:.
PLAACPL
l|j. 4.1.1}
l|j. 4.1.2}
4.1
16 14
S10MACP PAIN
Au, a|u |u |c audon|ua| a:ca |s connou|, :cc::cd o as sonac| a|u. !|c audoncu |s au
auaon|ca| a:ca |a |s uouudcd u, |c |owc: na:j|u o |c :|us auovc, |c c|v|c uouc uc|ow, aud
|c |au|s ou cac| s|dc. !|c a|u cau uc causcd u, a va:|c, o coud||ous. Vau, o:jaus a:c ouud
w|||u |c audon|ua| cav|,. Sonc|ncs |c a|u |s d|:cc|, :c|acd o a scc||c o:jau suc| as |c
u|addc: o: ova:,. Usua||,, |c a|u o:|j|uacs |u |c d|jcs|vc s,scn. lo: cxan|c, |c a|u cau uc
causcd u, acud|c||s, d|a::|ca| c:an|uj, o: ood o|sou|uj.
!|c a|u cou|d uc cou|uuous o: |uc:n|cu co||c|,}. Audon|ua| a|u cau :aujc :on n||d
sonac| ac|c o scvc:c acuc a|u. l na, uc acconau|cd u, s,nons suc| as uc|c||uj, von||uj
o: |oosc no|ous.
!|c connou causcs a:c ood o|sou|uj, acud|c||s, |ud|jcs|ou
o: na, uc assoc|acd w|| o|c: sc:|ous uudc:|,|uj :ou|cn. lu
cna|cs, a j,uacco|oj|ca| o: ousc:|c causc na, a|so uc :c|cvau.
JrcaImcnI :
Va|c |c c:sou ||c o: s| dowu |u a cono:au|c os||ou.
l|j. 4.2.1}
l |c |as von||uj, do uo j|vc au,||uj o ca o: d:|u|. Scc|
ncd|ca| |c|.
Cas:ocuc:||s |s au|u|anna|ouo |c sonac|| |ucs|ucs.
Common causcs arc :
lucc|ous :onv|:uscs.
lood o: wac: couan|uacd u, uacc:|a o: a:as|cs.
A||c:j|c :cac|ous o cc:a|uood.
Sgns and sympIoms ncludc :
Nausca o: von||uj.
0|a::|oca.
Audon|ua| c:ans.
lud|jcs|ou, uu:u|uj scusa|ou |u uc: a: o audoncu
aud u|oa|uj.
lcvc: na, acconau, au, |csc s,nons.
JrcaImcnI :
As| |c c:souo :cs aud uo cxc: l|j. 4.3.1}.
P:ov|dc |cu, o |u|ds |u s|s, o :cvcu dc|,d:a|ou, suc|
as 0RS o:a| :c|,d:a|ou so|u|ou}| |cnou wac: w|| sa|.
l|j. 4.3.2}.
Va, cous|dc: j|v|uj au au| d|a::|oca| o: au| von||uj
ncd|c|uc.
Avo|d j|v|uj |cav, o: o||, ood.
Scc| ncd|ca| acu|ou | s,nons a:c scvc:c, o: |c:c |s
acconau,|uj cvc:.
0AS10LN1LI1IS
l|j. 4.2.1}
l|j. 4.3.1}
l|j. 4.3.2}
4.2 4.8
17 1
0c|,d:a|ou cau uc causcd u, |ca-:c|acd coud||ou suc| as |ca cx|aus|ou o: |ca s:o|c, as wc||
as a s|dc ccc o d|a::|ca, von||uj aud cvc:. C|||d:cu aud c:sous ovc: |c ajc o 60 a:c
a:|cu|a:|, suscc|u|c o dc|,d:a|ou.
WhaI causcs dchydraIon !
Uudc: uo:na| coud||ous, wc usua||, :c|acc a|| |os uod, wac: |:ouj| swca, ca:s, u:|uc aud
soo|} u, d:|u||uj |u|ds aud ca|uj oods |a coua|u wac:. w|cu a c:sou ucconcs ||| duc o
cvc:, d|a::|ca, o: von||uj o: | au |ud|v|dua| |s ovc:cxoscd o |c suu, |c uod, |oscs wac:
coucu aud csscu|a| uod, sa|s suc| as sod|un, oass|un, ca|c|un u|ca:uouac aud |os|ac
aud jocs |uo a wac: aud c|cc:o|,c dc|c|.
WhaI arc Ihc sympIoms oI dchydraIon !
!|c o||ow|uj a:c |c nos connou s,nons o dc|,d:a|ou, a||ouj| cac| |ud|v|dua| na,
cxc:|cucc s,nons d|c:cu|,. S,nons na, |uc|udc.
1. !||:s
2. Lcss-:cuucu u:|ua|ou
3. 0:, s||u
4. la|juc
S. L|j|-|cadcducss
6. 0|zz|ucss
7. Couus|ou
8. 0:, nou|aud oujuc
0. luc:cascd |ca: :ac aud u:ca||uj
ln chlldrcn, add||oua| s,nons na, |uc|udc .
0:, nou|
Suu|cuaudoncu, c,cs o: c|cc|s
h|j|cvc:
L|s|cssucss
l::|au|||,
S||u|a docs uo |acuw|cu|uc|cd aud :c|cascd
LPA1I0N
JrcaImcnI Ior dchydraIon
l cauj| ca:|,, dc|,d:a|ou cau ocu uc :cacd a |onc uudc: a |,s|c|au's ju|daucc. lu c|||d:cu,
d|:cc|ous o: j|v|uj ood aud |u|ds w||| d|c: acco:d|uj o |c causc o |c dc|,d:a|ou, so | |s
|no:au o cousu| a cd|a:|c|au.
lu cascs o n||d dc|,d:a|ou, s|n|c :c|,d:a|ou |s :cconncudcd u, d:|u||uj |u|ds. Vau, d:|u|s a:c
ava||au|c, suc| as c|cc:a| 0RS}, |cnou u|cc cc. |a ccc|vc|, :cso:c uod, |u|ds, c|cc:o|,cs aud
sa| ua|aucc.
lo: nodc:ac aud scvc:c dc|,d:a|ou, |u:avcuous |u|ds na, uc :cuu|:cd, so ncd|ca| |c| s|ou|d uc
souj| ca:|,. Cascs o sc:|ous dc|,d:a|ous|ou|d uc :cacd as a ncd|ca| cnc:jcuc,.
4.4
So|u|ou s|ou|d uc nadc :cs| da||, aud uscd w|||u 24 |ou:s
0PS j Llcclral Comoslllon
lngrcdlcnl 0uanllly
Sod|un C||o:|dc 3.S jn
!:|sod|un C|:ac 0c|,d:ac 2.0 jn
Poass|un C||o:|dc 1.S jn
C|ucosc 20 jn
wac: 1 |:.
l homc madc 0PS
lngrcdlcnl
1 |:.
!au|c Sa|
0uanllly
Suja:
S jn
wac:
20 jn
10 18
bod, cnc:au:c ||j|c: |au|c uo:na| .00.S dcj:ccs l}. Usua||, cvc: |s causcd u, |ucc|ou.
Fcvcr may bc causcd by :
A uacc:|a| o: a v|:a| |ucc|ou.
!|c uod, uccon|uj ovc:|cacd a |a, o: |u|c suu.
0
!cnc:au:c auovc 104 l cauuc daujc:ous as | na, :|jjc: |s |uc|||d:cuaud |uaus.
RccognIon :
Slgns lhal may lndlcalc cvcr may lncludc:
- l|us|cd acc
- ho, d:, s||u
Va, a|so |avc au, o o||ow|uj.
C||||s aud S||vc:|uj
hcadac|c
bod,ac|c
Rcs|:ao:, s,nons suc|as so:c |:oa, couj|o: :uuu|uj uosc
Loosc soo|s
Nausca d von||uj
JrcaImcnI :
Va|c |c casua|, cono:au|c |ua coo| :oon.
Adv|sc o a|c :cs.
Auadu| cauuc j|vcuPa:accano| au|cs.
C|vc |os o |u|ds o d:|u| P:cc:au|, c|cc:o|,c
so|u|ou| ava||au|c}.
A c|||d cau uc j|vcu |c :cconncudcd dosc o
Pa:accano| s,:u.
Scc| Vcd|ca| o|u|ou.
ILvL
Couac |c |,s|c|au|nncd|ac|, |ucasc o .
- Sc|zu:cs
- lcc||uj s|cc, o: du||
- l::cju|a: u:ca||uj
- S| ucc|
- Couus|ou
- Ras|cs
- La: a|u
- Pc:s|scu so:c |:oa
- von||uj
- 0|a::|oca
- Pa|uu| aud uu:u|uj u:|ua|ou
l|j. 4.S.1}
l|j. 4.S.2}
4.6
21 20
la|u|uj occu:s w|cu |c su|, o u:a|u |s |uadcuuac o: a s|o: |nc. !||s causcs |oss o
cousc|ousucss. !|c |oss o cousc|ousucss |s usua||, o: a u:|c |nc.
la|u|uj na, uc duc o uo:na| |,s|o|oj|ca| causcs, o: na, uc causcd u, au uudc:|,|uj ncd|ca|
d|so:dc:.
Common Causcs :
- Saud|uj o: |ouj |ou:s l|j. 4.6.1}
- Suddcuc|aujc |uos||ou
- luu:,
- Auuu|casau s|j|
- Lno|oua| usc
RowIo Rccognzc :
- wca|ucss
- C|dd|ucss
- b|u::cd v|s|ou
- Swca|uj
- Co|d aud c|ann, s||u
- S|owd wca| u|sc
JrcaImcnI :
- Va|c |c casua|, ||c dowuou|c uac|.
- Va|c su:c |c |cjs a:c c|cvacd auovc |c |ca:
|cvc|. l|j. 4.6.2}
- 0cu |c w|udows o: :cs| a|: aud |ooscu
|c |j| C|o||uj.
- Loo| o: au, |uu:, |a na, |avc occu::cd
du:|uj a|| aud :ca acco:d|uj|,.
- Scc| ncd|ca| ass|saucc.
IAIN1IN0
RFAJ FXRAuSJI0N
hca cx|aus|ou |s a n||dc: o:n o |ca-:c|acd |||ucss |a cau dcvc|o ac: scvc:a| da,s o
cxosu:c o ||j| cnc:au:cs aud |uadcuuac o: uuua|auccd :c|accncu o |u|ds. !|osc nos
:ouc o |ca cx|aus|ou a:c c|dc:|, co|c, co|c w|| ||j| u|ood :cssu:c aud co|c wo:||uj o:
cxc:c|s|uj |ua |o cuv|:ouncu.
Sgns oI hcaI cxhausIon ncludc :
Pa|c s||uaud acc
Lxccss|vc swca|uj
Vusc|c c:ans
Lx|aus|ou
wca|ucss
hcadac|c|0|zz|ucss
Nausca o: von||uj
la|u|uj
!|c s||u na, uc coo| aud no|s. !|c u|sc :ac w||| uc as aud wca|, aud u:ca||uj w||| uc as aud
s|a||ow. l |ca cx|aus|ou|s uu:cacd, | na, :oj:css o |ca s:o|c.
WhaI Io do !
Coo||uj ncasu:cs |a na, uc ccc|vc |uc|udc.
Coo|, uou-a|co|o||c ucvc:ajcs
Rcs |ua coo| |acc :cc:au|, a|: coud||oucd :oon
Coo| s|owc: o: ua|
Looscu|c c|o||uj aud | oss|u|c :ov|dc ||j|wc|j| c|o||uj
Scc| ncd|ca| acu|ou| s,nons wo:scuo: |as |oujc: |au1 |ou:.
RFAJ SJR0KF
WhaI s hcaI sIrokc !
hca s:o|c |s |c nos scvc:c o:no |ca |||ucss aud |s a ||c-|:cacu|uj cnc:jcuc,. l |s |c :csu|
o |ouj, cx:cnc cxosu:c o |c suu, |u w||c| a c:sou docs uo swca cuouj| o |owc: uod,
cnc:au:c. !|c c|dc:|,, |uaus, c:sous w|o wo:| oudoo:s aud |osc ou cc:a|u ,cs o
ncd|ca|ous a:c nos suscc|u|c o |ca s:o|c. l |s a coud||ou |a dcvc|os :a|d|, aud :cuu|:cs
|nncd|ac ncd|ca| :cancu.
PLA1 IS0LS
l|j. 4.6.2}
l|j. 4.6.1}
4. 4.7
22 28
WhaI causcs hcaI sIrokc !
0u: uod|cs :oducc a :cncudous anouu o |uc:ua| |ca aud wc uo:na||, coo| ou:sc|vcs u,
swca|uj aud :ad|a|uj |ca |:ouj| |c s||u. howcvc:, |u cc:a|u c|:cunsauccs, suc| as cx:cnc
|ca, ||j| |un|d|, o: v|jo:ous ac|v|, |u |c |o suu, ||s coo||uj s,scn na, ucj|u o a||,
a||ow|uj |ca o uu||d u o daujc:ous |cvc|s.
WhaI arc Ihc sympIoms oI hcaI sIrokc !
!|c o||ow|uj a:c |c nos connou s,nons o |ca s:o|c, a||ouj| cac| |ud|v|dua| na,
cxc:|cucc s,nons d|c:cu|,.
S,nons na, |uc|udc.
hcadac|c
0|zz|ucss
0|so:|cua|ou, aj|a|ouo: couus|ou
S|ujj|s|ucss o: a|juc
Sc|zu:c
ho, d:, s||u|a |s |us|cd uu uo swca,
A ||j|uod, cnc:au:c
Loss o cousc|ousucss
Ra|d |ca: uca
WhaI Io do !
l |s |no:au o: |c c:souo uc :cacd |nncd|ac|, as |ca s:o|c caucausc c:naucu danajc
o: dca|.
!|c |nncd|ac |:s a|d ncasu:cs a:c.
Cc |c c:sou|udoo:s o: |uo a s|ad, a:ca.
Rcnovc c|o||uj aud jcu|, a|, coo| wac: us|uj dan s|ccs o u, s:a,|uj co|d wac: o
|c s||uo||owcd u, auu|uj o s|nu|ac swca|uj.
A|, |cc ac|s o |c j:o|uaud a:n|s.
havc |c c:sou||c dowu|ua coo| a:ca w|||c|: cc s||j||, c|cvacd.
Cou|uuc coo||uj uu|| |c uod, cc|s co|d o ouc|.
Scc| ncd|ca| |c| |nncd|ac|,.
RFAJ CRAMPS
hca c:ans usua||, acc co|c w|o swca a |o du:|uj s:cuuous ac|v|,. !||s swca|uj dc|ccs
|c uod,'s sa| aud no|su:c. !|c |ow sa| |cvc| |u |c nusc|cs causcs a|uu| c:ans. hca c:ans
na, a|so uc a s,nono |ca cx|aus|ou.
Rccognzng hcaI cramps
hca c:ans a:c nusc|c a|us o: sasns - usua||, |u |c audoncu, a:ns, o: |cjs - |a na, occu: |u
assoc|a|ou w|| s:cuuous ac|v|,. l ,ou |avc |ca: :ou|cns o: a:c ou a |ow sod|un d|c, jc
ncd|ca| acu|ouo: |ca c:ans.
WhaI Io do !
l ncd|ca| acu|ou|s uo ucccssa:,, a|c |csc scs.
!|c casua|, s|ou|d so a|| ac|v|,, aud s| uu|c|, |ua coo| |acc.
!|c casua|, s|ou|d uc adv|scd o d:|u| c|ca: u|cc | c|cc:a| 0RS} o: a so:s ucvc:ajc.
Adv|sc casua|, o uo :cu:u o s:cuuous ac|v|, o: a cw |ou:s ac: |c c:ans suus|dc
uccausc u:|c: cxc:|ouna, |cad o |ca cx|aus|ouo: |ca s:o|c.
Scc| ncd|ca| acu|ouo: |ca c:ans | |c, do uo suus|dc |u1 |ou:.
26 24
b|ccd|uj na, uc :on au AR!LRY, a u|ood vcssc| w||c| ca::|cs ox,jcu-:|c| u|ood :on |c |ca:
|:ouj|ou |c uod,. b|ccd|uj na, uc :on a vLlN, w||c| ca::|cs u|ood uac| o |c |ca: o uc
ox,jcuacd o: u|ccd|uj na, uc :ona CAPlLLARY, w||c|a:c |u, u|ood vcssc|s.
RowIo rccognzc :
- A:c:|a| u|ccd|uj |s u:|j| :cd aud su:s ou :on a wouud, scvc:c o:n o u|ccd|uj}.
!||s :cuu|:cs |nncd|ac acu|ou as |a:jc anouus o u|ood |oss cau occu: uu|c||,, |
uucou:o||cd.
- b|ood |a oozcs ou s|ow|, aud |s da:|c: :cd |u co|ou: |ud|cacs vcuous u|ccd|uj V||dc: o:n
o u|ccd|uj}. vcuus u|ccd|uj |s cas|c: o cou:o| |au A:c:|a| u|ccd|uj. Ca|||a:, u|ccd|uj |s
usua||, s|ow, ooz|uj |uuau:c.
RowIo conIrol blccdng :
1. A|, :cssu:c d|:cc|, ovc: |c wouud u, |ac|uj sc:||c jauzc, d:css|uj o: a c|cau
|aud|c:c||c ou|c u|ccd|uj o|u. l|j. 4.8.1}
2. A|, :cssu:c u, |ujc:s o: u, |aud.
3. 0ucc :cssu:c |s a||cd, |cc | |u |acc. l d:css|ujs ucconc soa|cd w|| u|ood, a|,
ucw d:css|ujs ovc: |c o|d d:css|ujs. !|c |css a u|ccd|uj wouud |s d|su:ucd, |c cas|c: | w|||
uc o so |c u|ccd|uj
4. A|, cou|uuous :cssu:c u, u|uj no:c jauzc ou o o |c :cv|ous ouc | | |s
soa|cd. NLvLR !hR0w AwAY S0AKL0CAUZL.
S. Suo: aud c|cvac |c u|ccd|uj a: auovc |ca: |cvc| aud
:ca |c s|oc|.
6. 0ucc |c u|ccd|uj sos, do uo :, o :cnovc |c c|o|
|a |s aja|us |c ocu wouud as | cou|d d|su:u |c
u|ood c|o|uj aud :csa: |c u|ccd|uj.
7. Covc: aud uaudajc |c wouud uco:c :auso:|uj o |c
|os|a|.
8lLLIN0
W0uN0S
luu:|cs caus|uj wouuds a:c vc:, connou|, cucouuc:cd. luu:|cs |a causc a u:ca| |u |c s||u o:
uudc:|,|uj so |ssuc a:c |uowu as a wouud. !|csc na, uc |a:jc o: sna|| aud cau uc ou au, a: o
|c uod,.
Wounds may bc oI Ihc Iollowng Iypcs :
0cuwouud. !|c s||usu:acc |as uccuu:o|cu.
C|oscd wouud. !|c s||usu:acc |s uuu:o|cuuu uudc:|,|uj |ssucs |avc uccudanajcd.
Jypcs oI closcd wounds :
b:u|sc. 0anajc o |ssucs ucuca| |c s||u. w|cu |c danajc |s n|uo:, |c wouud |s ca||cd a u:u|sc
couus|ou}.
Fcchymoss
w|cu |c |ssuc |as cxcus|vc danajc, u|ood aud |u|d co||cc uudc: |c s||u caus|uj d|sco|o:a|ou
ccc|,nos|s}, swc|||uj cdcna}, aud a|u.
l|:s a|d cous|ss o a|,|uj |cc o: co|d ac|s o :cducc swc|||uj aud :c||cvc d|scono:.
RcmaIomas
A:c causcd u, scvc:c u|uu |uu:, w|| cxcus|vc so |ssuc danajc aud co||cc|ou o |a:jc anouus
o u|ood uc|ow |c s||u. La:jc |cnaonas, na, uc assoc|acd w|| |uu:|cs suc| as u:o|cu uoucs,
cscc|a||, | dco:n|, |s :cscu.
l|:s a|d cous|ss o a|,|uj |cc o: co|d ac|s o :cducc swc|||uj aud :c||cvc a|u, d|:cc :cssu:c
nauua| con:css|ou} o |c| cou:o| |uc:ua| u|ccd|uj, s||u|uj, aud c|cva|ou. w|cu |a:jc a:cas
o u:u|s|uj a:c :cscu, s|oc| na, dcvc|o.
Jypcs oI opcn wounds :
luocuso |ssuc |uu:|cs, |c :occ|vc |a,c: o |c s||u|as uccudanajcd.
Abrasons
Au:as|ous a:c causcd w|cu |c s||u |s :uuucd o: sc:acd o. Au:as|ous cas||, cau ucconc |ucccd,
uccausc o couan|ua|ou w|| d|: aud jc:ns. !|c:c |s uo:na||, vc:, |||c u|ccd|uj o: ooz|uj o
c|ca: |u|d.
W00N AN LSSIN0S
l|j. 4.8.1}
4.8 4.0
27 2
AmpuIaIons
Anua|ous :auna|c} a:c |c :cnova| o |c a uod, a: suc| as |ujc:s, ocs, |auds, o: ca:s :on
|c uod,. b|ccd|uj |s |cav, aud uo:na||, :cuu|:cs a ou:u|uuc, o cou:o| |c u|ood |ow. !|c:c a:c
|:cc ,cs o anua|ou.
1. Con|cc - bod, a: |s con|cc|, o:uo scvc:cd}.
2. Pa:|a| - Vo:c |auS07o |c uod, a: |s o:uo.
3. 0c-j|ov|uj - S||uaud |ssuc a:c o:uawa, :onuod, a:.
ImmcdaIc AcIon :
- Lsau||s|aud na|ua|u|c A|:wa,, b:ca||uj, aud C|:cu|a|ouAbC}.
- Rcuucs Vcd|ca| Ass|saucc |nncd|ac|,.
- Cou:o| u|ccd|uj w|| d|:cc :cssu:c, c|cva|ou, |ud|:cc :cssu:c, o: ou:u|uuc ou|, as a |as
:cso:, do uo :cnovc o: |ooscua ou:u|uuc oucc | |as uccua||cd.
- A|, d:css|uj o |c sun.
- !:ca o: s|oc|.
Incsons
luc|s|ous, connou|, ca||cd cus, a:c wouuds nadc u, s|a: cu|uj |us:uncus suc| as |u|vcs o:
u:o|cu j|ass. luc|s|ous cud o u|ccd :cc|, uccausc |c u|ood vcssc|s na, uc cu. !|c wouud cdjcs
a:c snoo|.
LaccraIons
Lacc:a|ous a:c wouuds |a a:c o:u, :a|c: |au cu. !|c, |avc :ajjcd, |::cju|a: cdjcs aud o:u
|ssuc uudc:uca|.
PuncIurcs
Puucu:cs a:c causcd u, ouccs |a cuc: |c s||u w|||c |cav|uj a su:acc ocu|uj. wouuds nadc
u, ua||s, uccd|cs aud uu||cs a:c uo:na||, uucu:cs. Sna|| uucu:c wouuds usua||, do uo u|ccd
:cc|,, |owcvc:, |a:jc uucu:c wouuds na, causc scvc:c |uc:ua| u|ccd|uj.
WhaI Io do !
l|:s a|d :cancu o: a|| wouuds cous|ss o cou:o|||uj |c |ow o u|ood, :ca|uj o: s|oc|, aud
:cvcu|uj |ucc|ou. w|cu :ov|d|uj |:s a|d o casua|, w|| nu|||c |uu:|cs, :ca |c wouuds
|a aca: o uc ||c |:cacu|uj |:s. S|ucc nos o |c uod, |s covc:cd u, c|o||uj, ca:cu||,
cxan|uc |c cu|:c uod, o: u|ccd|uj. w|cu ucccssa:,, ca: o: cu c|o||uj awa, :on |c wouud
uccausc cxccss|vc novcncu o |c |uu:cd a: w||| causc a|uaud add||oua| danajc.
8lccdng
Ac: csau||s||uj au adcuuac ocu a|:wa,, |c na|u coucc:u w||| uc o cou:o| u|ccd|uj, u, d|:cc
:cssu:c aud c|cva|ou. lud|:cc :cssu:c aud |c usc o a ou:u|uuc s|ou|d uc uscd ou|, | d|:cc
:cssu:c aud c|cva|ou do uo cou:o| |c u|ccd|uj. A :occ|vc covc:|uj d:css|uj} |a |s :oc:|,
a||cd s|ou|d adcuuac|, cou:o| |c u|ccd|uj. lu cascs o scvc:c u|ccd|uj, add||oua| d:css|uj ovc:
|c |:s ouc na, uc :cuu|:cd.
Shock
S|oc| na, uc scvc:c |u a casua|, w|o |as |os a |a:jc anouu o u|ood o: suc:cd a sc:|ous |uu:,.
lucasc o uo u|sc :occcd o |cc a c|cc| aud na|ua|uAbC.
RowIo bandagc a wound durng IrsI ad :
- P:oc: d:css|uj aud uaudaj|uj a wouud w||| a|d |u |c |ca||uj :occss aud |c| :cvcu
|ucc|ouaud sca::|uj.
- P:occ ,ou:sc|. Sc:uu ,ou: |auds |o:ouj||, w|| soa aud d|s|ucccd wac: aud u ou
|acx j|ovcs | ava||au|c, o :cvcu |c s:cad o |ucc|ous d|scasc.
- C|cau|c wouud w||wac:|au|sc|c so|u|ouaud ca:cu||, :cnovc au, cxccss dcu:|s.
- Rcnovc au, cwc|:,, suc|as :|ujs o: wac|cs |a n|j| |na|: c|:cu|a|ou.
- A|, au|u|o|c c:cano |c |us|dc o |c nac:|a| ,oua:c us|uj as |c d:css|uj.
- Covc: |c wouud w|| |c d:css|uj. !|c d:css|uj s|ou|d cxcud uc,oud |c wouud u, auou '
|uc| so |a | covc:s |c wouud con|cc|, aud a||ows :oono a|x |c d:css|uj o uu|uu:cd
s||u.
- Cu ou: s:|s o ac aud a|x |cno |c d:css|uj aud s||u ou a|| ou: s|dcs o |c d:css|uj.
!|c u:osc o |c uaudajc |s o |c| |cc |c d:css|uj |u |acc, aud | s|ou|du' uc oo |oosc
au|c o novc a:ouud} o: oo |j| |na|:|uj c|:cu|a|ou}.
28 20
!|c uosc |s a a: o |c uod, |a |s vc:, :|c| |u u|ood vcssc|s vascu|a:} aud |s s|uacd |u a
vu|uc:au|c os||ou ou |c acc. As a :csu|, au, :auna o |c acc cau causc u|ccd|uj. !|c u|ccd|uj
na, uc :ousc, o: n|uo:. Noscu|ccds cau occu: souaucous|, a|so. !||s |s connou |u d:, c||nacs,
o: du:|uj |c w|uc: nou|s w|cu |c a|: |s d:, aud wa:n:on|ousc|o|d |cac:s. Pco|c a:c no:c
suscc|u|c o u|ccd|uj | |c, a:c a||uj ncd|ca|ous, w||c|:cvcu uo:na| u|ood c|o|uj.
Causcs :
- !:auna o |c uosc uosc |c||uj, o:c|juuod|cs, o:ccu| uosc u|ow|uj}.
- 0:,|uj o |c uasa| ncnu:aucs.
- !uno:s, o |c uosc o: s|uuscs.
- h|j|b|ood :cssu:c.
- lu|anna|ouo |c uosc o: s|uuscs aud co|d.
- lo:c|ju ouccs |u |c uosc, o: o|c: uasa|
ous:uc|ou.
RccognIon :
- b|ccd|uj :onouc o: uo|uos:||s.
- l:cuucu swa||ow|uj.
- l|owa |c uac| o |c uosc aud |:oa.
FrsI Ad :
- Ca|n|c a|cu.
- !|c a|cu s|ou|d s| w|| |c uc: a: o |c uod, ||cd o:wa:d aud |c nou| ocu so
|a |c|s|c caus| ou |c u|ood |uscad o swa||ow|uj.
- P|uc|a|| |c so a:s o |c uosc ojc|c: ucwccu|c |unu aud |udcx |ujc:.
- ho|d |c uosc |uc|cd o: a |cas 8-10 n|uucs |ncd u, |c c|oc|}.
- Rcca as ucccssa:, uu|| |c u|ccd|uj sos.
- A|, |cc c:us|cd |ua |as|c uaj o: was|c|o|} o |c uasc o |c uosc.
- Scc| ncd|ca| |c|.
N0SL 8lLL
0o's and 0on'Is Io conIrol nosc blccd :
- Avo|d o:ccu| u|ow|uj o |c uosc o: u|uj au,||uj |uo |.
- 0o uo s:a|udu:|uj uowc| novcncus.
- !:, o |cc |c |cad ||j|c: |au|c |cvc| o |c |ca:.
- 0o uo s:a|uo: ucud dowuo || au,||uj |cav,.
- 0o uo sno|c.
- No |o ||uu|ds o: a |cas 24 |ou:s.
- C|vc co|d ||uu|ds | lcc c:cans.
l|j. 4.10.1}
4.10
81 80
Pco|c w|| as|na |avc |,c:scus||vc a|:wa,s. !|c|: a|:wa,s ucconc ua::ow, caus|uj w|ccz|uj,
couj|aud d||cu|, |uu:ca||uj duc o va:|ous :|jjc:s.
Jrggcrs arc :
- Aux|c, aud cno|oua| d|s:css
- Co|d a|:
- A||c:j|cs
- 0us d Sno|c
- v|jo:ous cxc:c|sc
- Cc:a|uood, ood add||vcs aud :csc:va|vcs
RccognIon :
- Casua|, :cc:s o uc |ua s||uj os||oul|j. 4.11.1}.
- lu a suddcu aac|, |c a|cu |as d||cu|, u:ca||uj aud
|c:c na, uc a w||s||uj souud w|cczc} w|cu u:ca||uj ou.
!|c:c na, uc acconau,|uj couj|.
- !|c a|cu na, uc aux|ous, d|s:csscd aud swca|uj.
- lu scvc:c cascs, |c:c na, uc u|ucucss o |c ||s, |auds aud
cc aud cx|aus|ouaud oss|u|c |oss o cousc|ousucss.
- lu scvc:c cascs, |c a|cu |s uuau|c o sca| uccausc o
d||cu|, |uu:ca||uj.
WhaI Io do !
- Rcassu:c |c casua|,.
- Va|c |c a|cu s| u:|j| aud |cauo:wa:d.
- Lucou:ajc casua|, o a|c u | |c|s|c |s ou ncd|ca|ou.
Vos as|na|cs w||| uc an|||a: w|| |c usc o |u|a|c:s aud
|c dosajcs. l|j. 4.11.2}
- Looscu|c ja:ncus aud ocu|c w|udows o: :cs|a|:.
- As| casua|, o u:ca|c s|ow|, aud dcc|,.
- Scc| :ocss|oua| |c| ca:|,.
AS1PMA
!|c scvc:|, o a uu:u dccuds uou |s s|zc, dc| aud |oca|ou. bu:us a:c nos scvc:c w|cu |ocacd
ou |c acc, ucc|, |auds, cc aud jcu|a|s. A|so, w|cu uu:us acc |a:jc a:s o |c uod,, |c,
causc scvc:c |u|d |oss aud |ucc|ou, aud cauuc ||c |:cacu|uj.
bu:us :csu| |u a|u, |ucc|ou aud s|oc|. !|c, a:c a|so no:c sc:|ous w|cu |c v|c|ns a:c vc:, ,ouuj
o: vc:, o|d.
8urns can causc damagc Io Ihc body Issucs by :
- 0:, hca-l|ancs, L|j|cd C|ja:ccs, ho l:ou
- Vo|s hca sca|ds} - bo|||uj wac: o: ho 0||
- Co|d - L|uu|d N|:ojcu
- C|cn|ca| - Ac|ds o: A||a||
- L|cc:|ca| bu:us - L|cc:|c|, o: L|j|u|uj
- Rad|a|ou- SuuRa,s o: Lasc:
!o d|s|uju|s| a n|uo: uu:u :on a sc:|ous uu:u, |c 1s sc |s o dcc:n|uc |c dcj:cc aud |c
cxcu o danajc.
bu:us a:c c|ass||cd -
80NS AN SCAlS
c} 1t 0.jr.. 3urr - R.0r.
- S.||irj J |cir |u.| c ni|0 ururr}
} 2r0 0.jr.. 3urr 3|it.r, R.0r.
v.ry jciru|
AJ.ict.0 it| |J J |ui0 t|rJuj| t|.
0cncj.0 |ir cr. t|. nJt jciru|
..cu. r.rv. .r0irj cr. uuc||y irtc.t,
0.jit. .v.r. tiu. 0cncj.
.} 8r0 0.jr.. 3urr - 0..j.t
- S|ir i .|crr.0 cr0 cxy
- |ct, nu.|., .v.r Jr. ncy . c..t.0
|xtr.n.|y jciru| Jr r.|ctiv.|y jcir|..
Accordng Io Ihc dcpIh
l|j. 4.11.1}
l|j. 4.11.2}
4.11 4.12
88 82
ManagcmcnI :
Rcmcmbcr 4 C's whlc managng burns :
1. Cool |c uu:u a: u, |cc|uj | uudc: :uuu|uj wac: o: a
|cas 10 n|uucs. 0ou' u |cc ou|c uu:u.
2. ConsIrcIors s|ou|d uc :cnovcd |nncd|ac|, |||c :|ujs,
u:acc|cs cc uco:c swc|||uj occu:s. l|j. 4.12.1}
8. Covcr |c uu:u a: o :cvcu |ucc|ou u, us|uj au,
c|cauc|o|o: cxan|c |aud|c:c||c. l|j. 4.12.2}
4. ConsulI a 0oco: |nncd|ac|,.
0cncral carc Ior burns :
1. Sno|c: |c |ancs o: novc |c v|c|nawa, :ondaujc:.
2. La, |c casua|, dowuou|c |oo:.
3. C|cc| |c :csousc, a|:wa,, u:ca||uj aud u|sc w|||c
nauaj|uj |c uu:u. Rcsusc|ac |c casua|, | ucccssa:,.
4. Ca|| o: ncd|ca| |c| |nncd|ac|,.
S. Loo| aud :ca o: assoc|acd |uu:|cs o: s|oc|.
6. Covc: a|| |c wouuds w||c|caud:css|uj.
PrccauIons :
a. 0o uo ouc|o: |uc:c:c w|||c uu:u a:ca.
u. 0o uo a|, oo|asc, |a|: c:can, uuc: o: au, o|uncu.
c. 0o uo covc: w||coou.
d. 0o uo :cnovc c|o|cs s|c||uj o |c uu:u a:ca.
c. 0o uo u:ca| |c u||sc:s.
CRFMICAL 8uRNS
lu casc |c uu:us a:c causcd u, c|cn|ca|s, | |s |no:au o :cnovc c|o||uj ou w||c| c|cn|ca|s
|avc s|||cd aud |us||c acccd a:ca w||co|ous anouus o wac: o: 1S o 30 n|uucs.
FLFCJRICAL 8uRNS
Au c|cc:|ca| uu:u na, aca: n|uo:, uu |c danajc cau cxcud dcc |uo |c |ssucs ucuca| |c
s||u.
ManagcmcnI :
1. Loo| |:s, dou' ouc|.
2. !u:uo |c sou:cc o c|cc:|c|, | oss|u|c.
3. Asscss u:ca||uj, c|cc| u|sc.
4. Covc: |c acccd a:ca.
S. Ca|| o: |c|.
l|j. 4.12.1}
l|j. 4.12.2}
84 86
0oncs|c cs causc nos au|na| u|cs. b|cs :ons|a: d o|ucd cc| cau causc suc:|c|a| aud
dcc wouuds. b|cs na, a|so uc causcd u, c u|cs, s:a, dojs|cas|nou|c,s. lu |csc cascs,
|c:c |s |nncd|ac :cuu|:cncu o a|c :cancu o :occ :on:au|cs. Vcd|ca| adv|cc s|ou|d uc
a|cu|nncd|ac|,.
WhaI Io do !
Ca|naud :cassu:c |c c:sou. wca: |acx j|ovcs o: was| |auds |o:ouj||, uco:cacud|uj o
|c wouud. was||auds ac:wa:ds as wc||.
SupcrIcal Wound :
l |c u|c |s uo u|ccd|uj scvc:c|,, was| |c wouud |o:ouj||, w|| n||d soa aud :uuu|uj
wac: o: 3 o S n|uucs. !|cu, covc: |c u|c w||au|u|o|c o|uncu aud ac|cau d:css|uj.
0ccp Wound :
l |c u|c |s ac|vc|, u|ccd|uj, a|, d|:cc :cssu:c w|| a c|cau, d:, c|o| uu|| |c u|ccd|uj
suus|dcs. 0ucc |c u|ccd|uj sos, |acc c|cau d:css|uj aud a|, uaudajc. L|cvac |c a:ca o
|c u|c.
Scc| ncd|ca| adv|cc |nncd|ac|,.
ANIMAl 8I1LS
Sua|cs a:c connou|, ouud |u :o|ca| c||nacs. !|c, cau uc o|souous o: uou o|souous. Pco|c
w|o wa|| |u uuj|cs, can, |||c, |cu|c, o: ||vc |u sua|c-|u|au|cd a:cas s|ou|d uc awa:c o |c
ocu|a| daujc:s oscd u, vcuonous sua|cs.
SympIoms oI posonous Snakc 8Ics :
w|||c cac| |ud|v|dua| na, cxc:|cucc s,nons d|c:cu|,, |c o||ow|uj a:c |c nos connou
s,nons o o|souous sua|c u|cs.
Aux|ous |oo|
lauj na:|s |u|c s||uaud :cducss | swc|||uj a |c s|c o |c u|c
Pa|u|oca||zcd o s|c o u|c
v|s|oud|so:dc: - u|u::cd o: douu|c v|s|ou
Couvu|s|ous
la|u|uj
0|zz|ucss | wca|ucss
Lxccss|vc swca|uj
Losso nusc|c coo:d|ua|ou
Nauscaaud von||uj
Nunuucssaud |uj||uj
Ra|d u|sc
0||cu|, |uu:ca||uj
FrsI Ad Ior Snakc 8Ics :
- Rcassu:c |c casua|, o sa, ca|n.
- 0ou' :, o cau:c |c sua|c.
- 0ou' acn o cu o: suc| |c a: o :cnovc |c vcuon.
- lnnou|||zc |c u|cua:.
- Va|ua|u|c a: uc|ow|c |cvc| o |c |ca:.
- was||c wouud aud d:, | w||c|cauc|o|.
- L|j||, con:css |c ||nu auovc |c wouud. l|j. 4.14.1}
- Vou|o: v|a| s|jus.
- Rus|o |c uca:cs |os|a|.
SNAkL 8I1LS ANIMAl 8I1L SNAkL 8I1L
l|j. 4.14.1}
4.18 4.14
8 87
S|jus aud s,nono au|uscc u|c :csu| :on|c |ucc|ouo ox|us d a||c:jcus |uo |c s||u.
V||d o scvc:c a||c:j|c :cac|ous cau :a|d|, dcvc|o |uc|ud|uj u:ca||uj d||cu|,, ac|a| swc|||uj
aud s|oc|.
b|cs :onwass, uccs, |o:ucs aud |:c aus a:c usua||, a|uu| :a|c: |au daujc:ous w||c| cau uc
:c||cvcd u, |:s a|d.
JrcaImcnI :
For Mld RcacIons :
1. Sc:ac o: u:us| o |c s|ujc: w|| a s:a|j| -
cdjcd oucc suc| as c:cd| ca:d o: |c uac| o a
|u|c.
2. !:, o u||ou |c s|uj | a wcczc:s |s ava||au|c.
l|j. 4.1S.1}
3. !o :cducc a|u aud swc|||uj, a|, |cc o: co|d
ac|.
4. Cousu| a doco:.
INSLC1 8I1LS AN S1IN0S
WhaI s posonng !
A o|sou |s au, suusaucc |a |s |a:nu| o |c uod,. Po|sous na, cuc: |c uod, |:ouj| |c
nou|, |c |uujs, o: |c s||u. Suusauccs |a cau connou|, causc o|sou|uj |uc|udc a va:|c, o
ncd|c|ucs ovc:dosc}, |ousc|o|d suusauccs aud |udus:|a| :oducs. !|c o|sou na, causc no:c
sc:|ous cccs | |a:jc: uuau||cs a:c cousuncd, o: | |nc c|ascs. Vos o|sou|uj occu:s
acc|dcua||,, aud scc|a||, u, duc o acc|dcua| |ujcs|ouu, c|||d:cu.
!hc common agcnls arc :
luscc|c|dcs suc|as ba,jou
C|cau|uj Ajcus |||c ha:|c |a coua|u ac|ds
Kc:oscuc l|j. 4.16.1}
Vcd|c|ucs |c a |onc. Pa|u||||c:s, Scda|vcs
|||c ca|nosc } l|j. 4.16.2}
Sgns and sympIoms :
!|c s|jus aud s,nons o o|sou|uj dccud ou |c
suusaucc |uvo|vcd aud ou |c anouu o o|sou
a|cu. 0uc s|ou|d |oo| ou o:.
Audon|ua| a|u
b:ca| |a snc||s o |c suusaucc suc| as
|uscc|c|dc
Nausca aud|o: von||uj
b:ca||uj d||cu|,
0:ows|ucss | la|||uj |cvc| o cousc|ousucss
bu:u|uj scusa|ou|uc|cs|sonac|
b|u::cd v|s|ou
Suddcuco||asc
C|aujc o s||uco|ou:
bu:us a:ouud |c nou|
bc|av|o:a| c|aujcs
Couvu|s|ous
0|a::|oca
Auuo:na||, s|owo: as u|sc
Audon|ua| a|u
P0IS0NIN0
l|j. 4.1S.1}
l|j. 4.16.1}
l|j. 4.16.2}
4.16 4.1
88 80
AcI FasI
l |s |no:au o ac uu|c||,. Ac|ou|s |c nos |no:au aco: |u|:s a|d | o|sou|uj |s suscccd.
8cIorc Callng Ior Rclp :
JrcaImcnI :
Vovc |c casua|, awa, :on|c o|souo aua:ca w|c:c :cs|a|: |s ava||au|c.
C|cc| |cvc| o :csousc, ocu|c a|:wa,, c|cc| u:ca||uj aud c|cc| u|sc.
C|vc CPR | :cuu|:cd. Usc a acc s||c|d.
l cousc|ous, :cassu:c |c casua|,.
Posonous Fumcs or 0ascs :
lnncd|ac|, ca::, o: d:aj |c c:sou o :cs| a|:. V|u|n|zc ,ou: owu aud |c casua|,'s
cxosu:c o |c uncs. l |c v|c|n |s uo u:ca||uj, sa: a:||c|a| :cs|:a|ou |nncd|ac|,
aud cou|uuc | uu|| |c v|c|n|s u:ca||uj o: |c| a::|vcs. Scud soncouc o: |c| as uu|c||, as
oss|u|c.
l |ud|v|dua| cauuo uc novcd, |c :oon|u w||c| |c jas|vao: cxosu:c occu::cd s|ou|d uc
vcu||acd w||ocuw|udows, aus, cc.
Posons on Ihc Skn :
Wcar glovcs, I noI avalablc, avod drccIly Iouchng Ihc poson yoursclI. w|c o au,
d:, o|sous aud |ood |c acccd a:ca w|| |a:jc anouus o |a|u wac: o: S o 10 n|uucs.
!|cu was| |c s||u w|| soa aud wac: o: auo|c: S n|uucs aud :|usc. Rcnovc aud d|sca:d
a|| acccd c|o||uj.
Posons n Ihc Fyc :
Pou: wac: :on a j|ass ou |c u:|djc o |c a|cu's c,c aud a||ow wac: o |ood |c c,c
jcu|, o: 1S n|uucs. Usc |a|u|u|cwa:nwac:. 0o uo a||ow|c v|c|no :uu ||s||c: c,cs.
Swallowcd PosonsjMcdcaIons :
lujcscd o|sou|uj cau occu: :on d:uj ovc:doscs, ncd|ca|ou c::o:s, caus|c aud co::os|vc
suusauccs.
l a ocu|a||, caus|c o: co::os|vc ||uu|d c|cn|ca| |as uccu swa||owcd, |avc |c |ud|v|dua|
:|usc |c|: nou| w|| wac: aud s| | ou scvc:a| |ncs uco:c j|v|uj |cn1|2 cu ou|,}, o
wac: o d:|u|. !||s |s |c ou|, s|ua|ou |u w||c| au |ud|v|dua| cau |avc sonc||uj o d:|u|
uco:c ca|||uj o: |c| a a o|souccuc:|ncd|ca| :ocss|oua|.
Loo| |uo |c v|c|n's nou| aud :cnovc a|| au|cs, owdc: o: au, nac:|a| |a |s :cscu.
wca: j|ovcs. Lxan|uc |c nou| o: cus, uu:us, swc|||uj, uuusua| co|o:|uj o: odo:. R|usc aud
w|c ou |c nou|w||a c|o|.
l |ud|v|dua| |s |uuo aa:cu ||c |:cacu|uj d|s:css, a||ow|cno :cs.
0o noI j|vc au, ncd|ca|ou, ood, o: ||uu|d uu|| o|d o do so u, o|souccuc:|doco:.
l sc:|ous, c:o:nAbC.
C|vc Rcscuc b:ca||uj usc a :occ|vc s||c|d o: |aud|c:c||c} o: CPR.
l ucccssa:,, :ca o: S|oc|.
Calls Ior Rclp :
ldcu|, ,ou:sc| aud j|vc ,ou: :c|a|ous|| o |c a|cu. C|vc ,ou: |ouc uunuc: |u casc
,ou: ca|| |s d|scouucccd.
lo||ow|c adv|cc o |c Po|souCcuc: | ncd|ca| c:souuc|.
P:ov|dc ncd|ca| c:souuc| w||.
- A|| coua|uc:s, ood, d:|u||uj j|asscs, uo|cs, cc. ouud uca: |c |ud|v|dua|.
- Coua|uc: o |uowuo|sou.
- Au, |uo:na|ou|uowu:cja:d|uj :csc:||ouncd|c|uc |c |ud|v|dua| |s a||uj.
- luo:na|ououcoud||ouo casua|,.
!:, o |avc |c o||ow|uj |uo:na|ouw|cu,ouca|| .
- whal |as uccuswa||owcd:
- !lmc | was a|cu.
- Lxacl hamc o |c suusaucc o: ncd|c|uc.
- howmuchwas swa||owcd. Nunuc: o |||s, n||||j:ans c: |||}
RowIo producc vomIng !
Rcmcmbcr :
Ncvcr producc vomIng unlcss nsIrucIcd Io do so! !||s |s cscc|a||, |no:au | |c
a|cu |as swa||owcd c:o|cun:oducs suc|as jaso||uc, c|cau|uj |u|ds aud ||j|c: |u|ds.
lccac |s a |au cx:ac |a w|cu swa||owcd causcs von||uj. von||uj w||| :cnovc |c
o|sou :on|c sonac|. !|c:c a:c vc:, cw |usauccs w|c:c lccac wou|d uc :cconncudcd
40 41
u, a doco: o: Po|sou Ccuc:, - hLvLP usc lccac w||ou |c adv|cc o a doco: o: |c Po|sou
Cou:o| Ccuc:.
Ncvc: :oducc von||uj | |c a|cu .
- ls d:ows, o: uucousc|ous.
- ls |av|uj couvu|s|ous |s}.
- has swa||owcd a s:ouj co::os|vc suc|as ac|d. l ||s occu:s, j|vc ||uu|ds ou|,.
usc oI AcIvaIcd Charcoal :
AcIvaIcd Charcoal
Ac|vacd c|a:coa| |s uo :cconncudcd o: |onc usc. l |s uscd o u|ud d:ujs aud c|cn|ca|s
uco:c |c, a:c auso:ucd |uo a c:sou, uu ac|vacd c|a:coa| docs uo u|ud a|| d:ujs o:
c|cn|ca|s aud |as sonc :|s| w|cu j|vcu. lno:au. 0u|, usc | w|cu o|d o do so u, |c
Po|souCcuc: | doco:.
A|co|o| |s |c nos w|dc|, uscd aud auuscd d:uj oda,. A|co|o| |uox|ca|ou, a|so |uowu as
d:uu|cuucss, |s so connou |a | a||s o :ccc|vc |c acu|ou aud :cscc | dcsc:vcs. L|,| a|co|o|
c|auo|} |s |c :|na:, |uj:cd|cu |u w|uc, ucc:, aud ||uuo:. L|auo| |s c|ass||cd as a d:uj uccausc |
dc:csscs |c ccu:a| uc:vous s,scn, acc|uj |,s|ca| aud ncua| ac|v||cs. A|co|o| |s add|c|vc.
w|a sa:s ou as soc|a| d:|u||uj na,, :csu| |ua|co|o||sn:
A|co|o| accs |c uod, |u sajcs. l|:s, |c:c |s a cc||uj o :c|axa|ou aud wc||-uc|uj, o||owcd u, a
j:adua| d|s:u|ou o coo:d|ua|ou, :csu||uj |u au |uau|||, o accu:ac|, aud c|c|cu|, c:o:n
uo:na| du|cs aud ac|v||cs. Cou|uucd d:|u||uj dc:csscs uod, uuc|ous cuouj| o causc
d||cu|, u:ca||uj, |oss o cousc|ousucss, cona, aud dca|. w||d:awa| :ona|co|o| cau :csu| |u
dc||:|un:cncus 0!s}, |dcu||cd u, aux|c,, couus|ou, :cs|css s|cc, uausca, von||uj, dc:css|ou,
|a||uc|ua|ous, aud sc|zu:cs.
S|jus aud s,nons o a|co|o| |uox|ca|ou|uc|udc.
1. Snc|| o a|co|o| ouu:ca|.
2. Sajjc:|uj, |oss o ua|aucc, aud s|u::cd sccc|.
3. Nausca, von||uj, aud |us|cd acc.
!|csc s|jus aud s,nons na, |ud|cac au |||ucss o: |uu:, c.j. d|auccs, |cad |uu:,} o|c: |au
a|co|o| auusc. l ,oususcc a|co|o| |uox|ca|ou, do |c o||ow|uj.
1. Sll or lay |c casua|, dowu, :occ|uj ||no: |c: :onu:|c: |uu:,.
2. Lslabllshaud na|ua|u|c a|:wa,, u:ca||uj, aud c|:cu|a|ouAbCs}.
3. 0bscrvc c|osc|,, casua|, na, ucconc uucousc|ous.
4. uon'l c:||c|zc uu uc |:n.
S. hcvcr lcavc au|uox|cacd c:soua|ouc.
6. Rcuucs ncd|ca| ass|saucc as soouas oss|u|c.
IMMF0IAJF CARF 0F A0RuNK PFRS0N:
1. Kcc |c c:soucono:au|c.
2. l |c c:sou|s u |uucd - na|c su:c |c c:sou|s |,|uj ou|c|: s|dc, uo uac|.
3. l oss|u|c, asscss w|c|c: |c c:sou |s |u a ||c |:cacu|uj |ca|| c:|s|s. l so, jc |c|
adv|so:, aud|o: o||cc.
4. l ,ouu a c:souo ucd, nou|o: |c|: u:ca||uj.
S. Kcc ,ou: d|saucc.
6. Kcc a c|cc| w|c|c: v|c|nvon|s aud |c |cvc| o uucousc|ousucss.
0NkLNLSS 4.17
42 48
h,c:j|,ccn|a |s |c coud||ouw|cuj|ucosc |cvc|s |u|c u|ood a:c ||j|c: |auuo:na| :aujc.
RccognIon :
- 0:ows|ucss
- l:cuucu U:|ua|ou
- Lxccss|vc ||:s
- ho aud d:, s||u
- Ra|d u|sc
JrcaImcnI :
1. Va|c |c casua|, s| cono:au|, |ua coo| |acc.
2. Scc| ncd|ca| |c| |nncd|ac|,. l|j. 4.18.1}
3. C|vc suja: :cc o:a| |u|ds.
PPL0lCLMIA (PI0P 8l00 S00A)
l|j. 4.18.1}
0c|ucd as a |owc: u|ood suja: |au|c uo:na| :aujc.
Causcs :
1. lusu||uo: au|-d|auc|c ncd|c|uc ovc:dosc
2. lusu|c|cu ood |ua|c
3. Lxccss|vc Lxc:c|sc
4. A n|sscd nca|
RowIo Rccognzc :
1. wca|ucss, :cnu||uj o: s|a||uj
2. 0|zz|ucss d |uujc:
3. Nunuucss a:ouud ||s aud |ujc:s
4. Pa||o:
S. Swca|uj :ousc|,
6. Ra|d u|sc
7. A|c:cd ncua| saus
JrcaImcnI :
1. Rcassu:c |c casua|, d na|c ||n||c: cono:au|c.
l|j. 4.10.1}
2. C|vc o:a| |u|ds w|| j|ucosc o: a swcccucd d:|u|.
l|j. 4.10.2}
3. Rcca |c d:|u|s cvc:, 1S n|uucs uu|| ncd|ca| |c|
a::|vcs.
4. Looscuaud :cnovc cxccss|vc c|o||uj.
PP00lCLMIA (l0W 8l00 S00A)
l|j. 4.10.1}
l|j. 4.10.2}
4.18 4.10
44 46
l:acu:cs, s:a|us, s:a|us aud d|s|oca|ous na, uc |a:d o: |c uouncd|ca| c:souo d|c:cu|ac.
FracIurc mcans brokcn or crackcd boncs.
FracIurcs can bc causcd by :
1. 0|:cc o:cc - boucs a:c u:o|cua |c o|u w|c:c scvc:c o:cc |s a||cd.
2. lud|:cc o:cc - boucs a:c u:o|cuawa, :on|c o|u w|c:c scvc:c o:cc |s a||cd.
Jypcs oI IracIurc :
C|oscd l:acu:c . S||u|s |uac w||u:o|cuuouc.
0cul:acu:c . b:o|cuuouc w||ocuwouud.
S||u|s u:o|cuw||cv|dcu u|ccd|uj.
RowIo rccognzc :
1. lnnou|||,
2. 0co:n|,
1. Loo| o: a|u
2. Loo| o: cudc:ucss
3. Loo| o: Swc|||uj
4. Loo| o: Loss o uuc|ou
S. Au, uuuau:a| novcncu
6. h|so:, o |cav, u|owo: a||
ComplcaIon oI IracIurcs :
- Assoc|acd |uu:|cs na, uc :cscu
- S|oc| - h,ovo|cn|c o: Ncu:ojcu|c
IAC10LS, SPAINS, S1AINS B ISl0CA1I0NS
ManagcmcnI :
Ams :
- lnnou|||za|ouaud suo: o |c :acu:cd a:.
- V|u|n|z|uj |c a|uu| novcncus.
1. Rcassu:c |c casua|, aud as| uo o novc.
2. C|cc| c|:cu|a|ouaud :ca o: s|oc|.
3. Scad, aud suo: |c :acu:cd ||nu.
4. Kcc |c o|us auovc aud uc|ow |c :acu:cd a: |nnou|||zcd w|| s||u o: au,
|n:ov|scd |cn}. P:oc: s||u|uj na, :cducc a|u.
S. !o dcs|jua s||u, usc a :|j|d nac:|a| suc|as wood, |as|c o: nca|.
6. lascu |c s||u o |c ||nu w|| jauzc, uaudajcs, aud s:| o c|o|, s:|uj o: cvcu a
uc|.
7. !|c uaudajcs |:n|,.
8. So u|ccd|uj w||d|:cc :cssu:c | oss|u|c.
0. l oss|u|c c|cvac |c |uu:cd a:.
10. !:auso: |c casua|, o |c uca:cs |os|a|.
11. C|cc| c|:cu|a|ou, u:ca||uj, |cvc| o cousc|ousucss cvc:,
10 n|uucs.
l|:s a|d o: s:a|us, s:a|us, couus|ous, d|s|oca|ous, o:
uucon||cacd :acu:cs.
- R.l.C.L. Rcs, lcc, Con:css|ou, L|cva|ou}
!:cancu.
RcsI : l|j. 4.20.1}
So us|uj |uu:cd a:
- Cou|uucd ac|v|, cou|d causc u:|c: |uu:,, dc|a,
|ca||uj, |uc:casc a|u, aud s|nu|ac u|ccd|uj
Usc c:uc|cs o avo|d uca:|uj wc|j| ou|uu:|cs o |c |cj, |ucc, au||c, o: oo
Usc s||u o: |uu:|cs o |c a:n, c|uow, w:|s, o: |aud
l|j. 4.20.1}
4.20
4 47
Icc :
hascus |ca||uj |nc u, :cduc|uj swc|||uj a:ouud |uu:,
- Suddcuco|d cou:acs u|ood vcssc|s
- hc|s so |uc:ua| u|ccd|uj :on|uu:cd ca|||a:|cs aud u|ood vcssc|s
Kcc dan o: d:, c|o|ucwccus||uaud |cc ac|
0o uo a|, |cc o: |oujc: |au1S o 20 n|uucs a a |nc
- A|, a |cas 3 |ncs |:ouj|ou |c da, o: 1S o 20 n|uucs
Comprcsson :
hascus |ca||uj |nc u, :cduc|uj swc|||uj a:ouud |uu:,
- 0cc:cascs scc|uj o |u|d |uo |uu:cd a:ca :onadaccu |ssuc
Usc c|as|c|zcd uaudajc, con:css|ous|ccvc, o: c|o|
- w:a |uu:cd a: |:n|,
-- 0o uo |na|: u|ood su|,
--- !oo |j| con:css|ouna, causc no:c swc|||uj
- w:a ovc: |cc
- Looscu|c uaudajc | | jcs oo |j|
FlcvaIon :
L|cvac |uu:cd a: auovc |cvc| o |ca:
- 0cc:cascs swc|||uj aud a|u
- Usc ouccs aud |||ows o: :os, S:a|us, S:a|us
WhaI Io do !
Rcs o |c |uu:cd a:
Pa|u||||c: Aua|jcs|c}
Vos nao: so:s |uu:|cs cau uc :ccoju|zcd u, |c|: s|jus aud s,nons, aud :cancu cau
uc :ov|dcd as :cuu|:cd. hcad |uu:|cs, coucuss|ou, |acc:a|ous, so |ssuc |uu:|cs aud :acu:cs,
a:c :ccoju|zau|c aud cauuc ccc|vc|, :cacd u, au,ouc :a|ucd |uuas|c |:s a|d.
Cc:a|u o|c: so:s |uu:|cs a:c no:c connou, aud na, :cuu|:c no:c scc||c |:s a|d :cancu.
!|csc a:c cx|a|ucd uc|ow.
ChcsI cramps (or 'sIIch']
Usua||, causcd u, c:ans o |c nusc|cs ucwccu |c :|us, o: |c d|a|:ajn||j| |u |c audoncu.
b:ouj| ou u, cxc:|ou, c|cs c:ans a:c |dcu||cd u, s|a:, sasnod|c a|u |u |c c|cs, d||cu|,
|usaud|uj u:|j|, aud jas|uj :cs|:a|ous.
A 'S|c|' w||| d|saca: w||:cs aud couccu:a|ououdcc u:ca||uj.
0ron and IcsIclc n|urcs
Causcd u, a u|uu |uu:, o |c c|v|c a:ca. Causcs scvc:c a|u |u |c a:ca. !|c casua|, w||| uc uuau|c
o saud u:|j|, aud w||| 'jua:d' |c |uu:cd a:ca w||||s |auds.
!|c casua|, s|ou|d uc |accd ou ||s uac| w|| |uccs s||j||, ucu, aud |avc au |cc ac| a||cd w||
cau|ouo |c |uu:, s|c. Scc| ncd|ca| a|d.
Musclc cramps
Causcd u, ovc:-s:cc||uj nusc|cs, o: u, auuo:na| nusc|c cou:ac|ou. !|c, na, a|so uc assoc|acd
w|||oss o |u|d duc o cxccss|vc swca|uj.
w||| |avc a|u, cudc:ucss, |oss o owc: aud s|cu|uj o: sasns o |c nusc|cs.
Vusc|cs :csoud o :cs, a||ca|ouo au|cc ac|, |cusuuscuucu jcu|c s:cc||uj.
00 N0! nassajc |c acccd nusc|cs.
0|c: so:s |uu:|cs s|ou|d uc :cacd as |c, :cscu, aud ncd|ca| a|d souj| as a nac: o
cou:sc. l |csc |uu:|cs a:c |u |c o:n o s:a|us aud s:a|us, |c, na, :cuu|:c suo: |u |c
o:no s:a|uj o: a|uj.
C0MM0N SP01S IN10ILS 4.21
48 40
Any blowIo Ihc hcad can rcsulI n a hcad n|ury. Rcad n|urcs can causc damagc Io
Ihc :
Sca| . |a,c: ous|dc |c s|u|| uouc.
S|u|| . uou, cajc.
b:a|u. a coucuss|ou, a couus|ou |c u:a|u |ssuc |s u:u|scd}, o: a |cnaona u|ood co||ccs |u
aua:ca o |c u:a|u:ona u:o|cuu|ood vcssc|}.
Sgns and SympIoms oI hcad n|urcs IhaI alcrI Ihc nccd Ior mcdcal aIIcnIon
ncludc :
Loss o cousc|ousucss, couus|ou, d:ows|ucss
luau|||, o novc au, a: o |c uod, o:
wca|ucss |uaua:no: |cj l|j. 4.22.1}
b:u|sc, cu ou|c sca|
Scvc:c |cadac|c
S| ucc|
von||uj
b|ood o: |u|d |a concs :on|c nou|, uosc o: ca:
Loss o v|s|ou, u|u::cd o: douu|c v|s|ou, u||s o uucuua| s|zc
SPINAL IN1uRIFS
Common causcs arc :
Acc|dcus-Ca:s, Voo:c,c|cs
la||s
0|v|uj n|s|as - :ond|v|uj |uo |c wac: |a |s oo s|a||ow
A |a:d u|owo uac| w|||c |a,|uj
Cuus|o wouud |a cuc:acs |c |cad aud ucc|
JrcaImcnI :
0o |c sccuc su:vc, o: sac, o sc| aud |c casua|,.
Ca|| o: |c anuu|aucc.
PLA IN10ILS 4.22
Avo|d uuucccssa:, novcncus.
lnnou|||zc |c ucc|, s|uc aud |cad. l|j. 4.22.2}
Asscss o: cousc|ousucss aud u:ca||uj.
C|vc :cscuc u:ca|s | uo u:ca||uj.
Asscss |c c|:cu|a|ou, c|cc| u|sc.
Cou:o| u|ccd|uj | :cscu.
Rcassu:c |c casua|, aud |cc wa:naud ca|n.
l|j. 4.22.1}
l|j. 4.22.2}
60 61
You cau :ca nau, n|uo: c,c |::|a|ous u, |us||uj |c c,c, uu no:c sc:|ous |uu:|cs s|ou|d uc
s|owu|nncd|ac|, o |c doco:.
RouInc IrrIaIons :
Saud, d|:, aud o|c: o:c|juuod|cs ou|c c,c su:acc}
was|,ou: |auds |o:ouj||, uco:c ouc||uj |c c,c||ds o cxan|uc o: |us||c c,c.
0o uo ouc|, :css, o: :uu |c c,c |sc|.
0o uo :, o :cnovc au, o:c|juuod, cxcc u, |us||uj.
!|| |c v|c|n's |cad ovc: a uas|u w|| |c acccd c,c dowu aud jcu|, u|| dowu |c |owc:
||d, cucou:aj|uj |c v|c|no ocu||s o: |c: c,cs as w|dc as oss|u|c.
lo: au |uau o: sna|| c|||d, |'s |c|u| o |avc a sccoud c:sou |o|d |c c|||d's c,cs ocuw|||c
,ou|us|.
Ccu|, ou: a scad, s:cano a wac: :ona uj ac:oss |c c,c.
l|us| o: uo 1S n|uucs, c|cc||uj |c c,c cvc:, S n|uucs o scc | |c o:c|ju uod, |as uccu
|us|cd ou.
Cousu| a doco:.
Fmbcddcd Forcgn 8ody - An ob|ccI pcncIraIcs Ihc globc oI Ihc cyc :
Ca|| o: cnc:jcuc, ncd|ca| |c|.
Sau|||zc |c cnucddcd oucc |u|acc d :us|o doco: |ca|| LVS.
CuIs oI Ihc cyc and ld:
Scc| ncd|ca| |c| |nncd|ac|,.
0o uo acn o was|ou |c c,c o: :cnovc au, oucc suc| |u|c c,c.
Ncvc: a|, :cssu:c o |c |uu:cd c,c o: c,c||d.
!|c c,c s|ou|d uo uc :uuucd.
8lunI n|ury (blow] Io Ihc cyc :
lnncd|ac|, a|, au|cc con:css o |c c,c o :cducc a|uaud swc|||uj.
Scc| ncd|ca| |c| |nncd|ac|,.
LL IN10ILS
Chcmcal burns :
l|ood |c c,c w|| wac: |nncd|ac|,, us|uj ,ou: |ujc:s o |cc |c c,c ocu as w|dc as
oss|u|c.
ho|d |c |cad uudc: a a o: s|owc:, o: ou: wac: jcu|, |uo |c c,c :ona coua|uc: o: a
|cas |ccun|uucs.
Ro|| |c c,cua|| as nuc|as oss|u|c o was|ou |c c,c.
0o uo usc auc,ccu, o: uaudajc |c c,c.
Scc| ncd|ca| |c| |nncd|ac|,.
4.28
68
Audon|ua| |uu:|cs a:c causcd u, u|uu o: cuc:a|uj :auna aud cau |uvo|vc |uc:ua| u|ccd|uj o:
|c cxosu:c o |c |uc:ua| o:jaus o a|:. w|acvc: |c causc o |c |uu:, |c |:s a|d :ov|dc:
s|ou|d uc a|c: o: s|oc| duc o |uc:ua| u|ccd|uj.
8lunI Jrauma j Wound :
l |c |uu:, |s c||c: u|uu :auna, c.j. a scvc:c u|ow o |c audoncu w||ou au, assoc|acd
wouud, o: a cuc:a|uj |uu:,, |c |:s a|d scs aud a:oac|w||| uc |c sanc.
Sgns and SympIoms :
Pa|c, coo|, c|ann, s||u
!|c:c na, uc cv|dcucc o wouud
Ra|d, wca| u|sc, s|oc|
Ra|d, s|a||owu:ca||uj
Audon|ua| :|j|d|,
'Cua:d|uj' o audoncu w||| uc :o||cd u o: cono:au|c os||ou| |,|uj dowu
WhaI Io do !
Pc:o:nAbC.
Ca:cu||, os||ou|ud|v|dua| ou|c|: uac|.
l novcncu o |c |cjs docs uo causc a|u, |acc a |||ow uudc: |uccs o |c| :c|ax |c
audon|ua| nusc|cs.
l novcncu o |c |cjs causcs a|u, |cavc |ud|v|dua| |,|uj |a.
wca: j|ovcs.
Cou:o| u|ccd|uj w||a d:css|uj.
0o uo j|vc ood o: d:|u|.
0o uo j|vc ncd|ca|ou.
Sau|||sc au, oucc |u w|c:c | |s, aud ad a:ouud wouud. Avo|d :cnov|uj o: ouc||uj
cuc:a|uj ouccs.
Rcassu:aucc.
A80MINAl IN10 4.24
62
w|cu a oo| |s |uoc|cd ou, a:o:|ac cnc:jcuc, ncd|ca| aud dcua| ca:c |s ucccssa:,. l a c|||d
|s 7 o: no:c | |s |||c|, o uc a sccoud o: c:naucu oo|. A sccoud o: c:naucu oo| cau ocu uc
savcd | :on ac|ou |s a|cu, aud |c oo| |s |aud|cd ca:cu||,. !|c dc||cac |ssuc covc:|uj |c
:oo nus uc :occcd o cusu:c succcssu| :c-|n|aua|ou.
l a c|||d |s 6 o: |css | |s |||c|, o uc a uau, o: :|na:, oo|. bau, cc| na, ucconc |uu:cd ac: a
a|| aud u:u j:c, |u co|ou:. !:cancu |s uo a|wa,s ucccssa:,, uu | |s ucs o |avc |c dcu|s
cxan|uc |c c|||d as soouas oss|u|c.
Carc and JrcaImcnI :
w|cua uau, o: odd|c: |uu:cs juns o: cc|.
l |c:c |s u|ccd|uj, u co|d wac: oua |ccc o jauzc aud a|, :cssu:c o |c s|c.
0c: |c casua|, au |cc cuuc o suc|, o :cducc swc|||uj ca|| ,ou: dcu|s. hc o: s|c w|||
:ouau|, wau o scc |c c|||d o asscss |c uccd o: :ca||juncu, o: :cnova| o a vc:, |oosc
oo|.
II a pcrmancnI IooIh s knockcd ouI :
ho|d |c oo|u, |c c:owu|c o}, uo |c :oo.
R|usc |c oo| |nncd|ac|, w|| sa||uc so|u|ou o: n|||, avo|d sc:uuu|uj nac:|a| o |. l ||s
|s uo oss|u|c, w:a |u|as|c c||uj w:a.
l |c casua|, w||| cooc:ac, :c|acc |c oo|jcu|, |u|s soc|c.
havc |c casua|, u|c dowujcu|, oua jauzc ad o |cc |c oo||u|acc.
l |c oo| cauuo uc :c-|usc:cd, u | |u n||| w||c| |s a jood :csc:va|vc uccausc |s
c|cn|ca| na|c-u |s cona|u|c w||cc|.
l n||| |s uo ava||au|c, |c oo| cau uc |accd |u |c casua|,'s nou| ucwccu |c cc| aud
c|cc|, | o|d cuouj|uo o swa||ow|c oo|. l ||s |s uo oss|u|c, w:a |u|as|c c||uj w:a.
C|vc |c casua|, a jauzc ad o: |aud|c:c||c o jcu|, u|c dowu ou, w||c| w||| |c| cou:o|
u|ccd|uj aud casc |c a|u.
Scc a dcu|s :|j| awa,, w|||u20 n|uucs | oss|u|c.
0o uo :c|acc |c oo|o: |acc au,||uj |u|c nou|o a d:ows, o: uucousc|ous casua|,.
1001P IN10ILS 4.26
64 66
l |c oo| cau' uc :c-|n|aucd, cou:o| u|ccd|uj u, |ac|uj a jauzc ad |u |c oo| soc|c, aud
|cu jc |c casua|, o u|c jcu|, dowu ou |c ad. Avo|d :|us|uj ou |c nou| uccausc ||s cau
|uc:c:c w||u|ood c|o|uj.
l |c juns a:c u|ccd|uj, u co|d wac: ou a |ccc o jauzc aud us| | ucwccu |c ||s aud juns.
havc |c casua|, |o|d :cssu:c ou|c u|ccd|uj s|c.
SIrokc j 8ran AIIack
WhaI s sIrokc !
S:o|c, a|so ca||cd a u:a|u aac|, |acus w|cu |c a:c:|cs
|cad|uj o |c u:a|u a:c u|oc|cd o: :uu:c. w|cu |c u:a|u docs
uo :ccc|vc |c uccdcd ox,jcusu|,, |c u:a|ucc||s ucj|uo d|c.
Rcasons :
C|o|uj o u|ood o: A:c:|a| :uu:c.
wa:u|uj s|jus aud s,nons na, |uc|udc .
lu sonc cascs |cad aud c,c na, dcv|ac o ouc s|dc. suddcu
wca|ucss o: uunuucss o |c acc, a:n, o: |cj ou ouc s|dc o
|c uod,. l|j. 4.26.1}
Suddcud||cu||cs w||sccc|aud uudc:saud|uj w|a o|c:s a:c sa,|uj.
Suddcu:ou|cns w||v|s|ou - d|nucss o: |oss o v|s|ou, a:|cu|a:|, |uouc c,c
Suddcud|zz|ucss.
Suddcu:ou|cns w||wa|||uj.
Auo|c: wa:u|uj s|juo s:o|c |s ca||cd :aus|cu |sc|cn|c aac| !lA}, a|so ca||cd a 'n|u|-s:o|c.'
A !lA cau causc nau, o |c sanc s,nons as a s:o|c, uu !lA s,nons jcuc:a||, ou|, |as o: a
cwn|uucs.
Ca|| o: |nncd|ac ncd|ca| ass|saucc | ,ou suscc a c:sou |s cxc:|cuc|uj a :aus|cu |sc|cn|c
aac|, as !lA na, |cad o s:o|c. A|so ca|| o: |nncd|ac ncd|ca| ass|saucc |s ,oususcc a c:sou|s
cxc:|cuc|uj a s:o|c.
ManagcmcnI :
A|c: cnc:jcuc, ncd|ca| sc:v|ccs |nncd|ac|,.
C|cc| aud nou|o: |c v|c|n's a|:wa,, u:ca||uj, aud c|:cu|a|ou us|uj ,ou: CPR aud l|:s A|d
s||||s.
Lusu:c adcuuac vcu||a|oud |ooscu|j| c|o||uj's | au,.
La, |c v|c|ndowu w|| |c|: |cad aud s|ou|dc:s s||j||, c|cvacd. P|acc |||ows uudc: |c
|cad aud s|ou|dc:s}.!||s w||| :cducc u|ood :cssu:c ou|c u:a|u.
S10kL 4.2
l|j. 4.26.1}
67 6
l |c v|c|n |s uu:csous|vc, uu u:ca||uj |acc |cn ou |c|: |c s|dc w|| |c|: c||u
cxcudcd. !||s sc:vcs as wo u:oscs. l w||| ass|s |u |cc|uj |c v|c|n's a|:wa, ocu
aud a||owvon| aud scc:c|ous o d:a|u:on|c|: nou|.
Ncvc: j|vc a suscccd s:o|c v|c|n au,||uj o ca o: d:|u|. !|c|: |:oa na, uc a:a|,zcd
:cs:|c|uj |c|: au|||, o swa||ow.
Lucou:ajc |c v|c|nuo o novc aud :cassu:c |cn|a |c| |s ou|c wa, o ca:c o: |cn.
Kcc |c v|c|nwa:n.
WhaI s a II !
l |s a v|o|cu |uvo|uua:, cou:ac|ouo nusc|cs |u|c uod,.
Rcasons :
- b:a|udanajc duc o va:|ous d|scascs.
- hcad |uu:,.
- Rcduccd ox,jcusu|, o |c u:a|u.
- Po|sou|uj.
- h|j|cvc: |uc|||d:cu.
Sgns and SympIoms :
1. Poo: ua|auc|uj aud |oss o coo:d|ua|ouw||sajjc:|uj.
2. 0|so:|cua|ouaud |::|au|||,.
3. S|ucss aud :|j|d|,. l|j. 4.27.1}
4. Ro|||uj o |c c,c o ouc s|dc.
S. C|cuc|cd cc|w||oan|uj a |c nou|.
6. lucou|ucucc o u:|uc aud |oss o uowc| cou:o|.
7. Uuuau:a| ||nu novcncus.
WhaI Io do !
1. Va|c a c|ca: su::ouud|uj a:ouud casua|,.
2. P:occ |c casua|, :on|uu:,.
3. 0o uo :cs:|c |c novcncu ||| |s so.
4. 0o uo u au,||uj |u|c casua|, nou|.
S. !u:u |c casua|, o a s|dc o ac|||ac au, scc:c|ous o
d:a|uou sac|,.
6. Vauajc | au, |uu:, occu::cd :onsc|zu:cs.
7. 0o uo d|su:u | |c casua|, a||s as|cc.
8. C|cc| AbC cou|uuous|,.
0. Scc| ncd|ca| a|d.
II1S
l|j. 4.27.1}
l|j. 4.27.2}
4.27
68 60
FIs n Young Chldrcn :
lcvc: |s |c nos connoucausc o: |s |u|uaus aud ,ouuj c|||d:cu.
S|jus aud S,nons - Sanc as adu|.
JrcaImcnI :
1. P:occ c|||d :on|uu:,.
2. Kcc |c a|:wa, ocuaud c|ca:. !u:u|c c|||d o ouc s|dc.
3. Soujc |c uod, w||a wac: | c|||d cc|s |o. 0o uo ovc:coo|. l|j. 4.27.2}
4. w|cucouvu|s|ousos, aud |c uod, cnc:au:c |s :cduccd o uo:na|, covc: ||j||,.
S. Vou|o: c|||d :cuucu|, aud c|osc|,.
6. Rcassu:c |c a:cus.
7. Scc| ncd|ca| a|d.
S|oc| |s au cnc:jcuc, coud||ou w|cu u|ood |ow o v|a| o:jaus b:a|us, hca:, K|duc,} |s
dcc:cascd.
Somc causcs Ior shock arc :
- hca: la||u:c
- Scvc:c o: suddcuu|ood |oss
- La:jc d:o |u uod, |u|ds a scvc:c uu:u o:
scvc:c von||uj aud|o: d|a::|ca}
- lood o|sou|uj
- Lxosu:c o cx:cnc |ca o: co|d o: oo |ouj
0Ihcr Ihngs IhaI lcad Io shock arc :
- l:acu:c o a |a:jc uouc
- Scvc:c a||c:j|c :cac|ou
- Scvc:c h,oj|,ccn|a
- Lxccss|vc o a|co|o|
- 0:uj ovc:dosc
Sgns and sympIoms oI shock :
- wca|ucss, :cnu||uj, :cs|cssucss
- Couus|ou
- Loss o cousc|ousucss l|j. 4.28.1}
- Pa|c o: u|uc-co|o:cd ||s, s||uaud|o: |ujc:ua||s
- Coo| aud no|s s||u, swca|uj
- wca|, uu as u|sc
- Ra|d, s|a||owu:ca||uj
- Nausca, von||uj
- Lx:cnc ||:s
SP0Ck
l|j. 4.28.1}
l|j. 4.28.2}
4.28
0 1
WhaI Io do !
- Ac|vac Lnc:jcuc, Vcd|ca| Sc:v|ccs.
- La, |c c:soudowu, acc u.
- L|cvac |c cc auou 1 oo w|| a uox o: :o||cd u|au|cs. !||s causcs u|ood o |ow :on|c
|cjs o |c v|a| o:jaus |u |c uod,. Noc . 0o uo :a|sc |c cc o: |owc: |c |cad | ,ou suscc
|c c:sou|as a |cad, ucc|, uac| o: |cj |uu:,.
- 0o uo :a|sc cc o: novc |cjs | || o: |cj uoucs a:c u:o|cu. l|j. 4.28.2}
- Looscu|j| c|o||uj. !|cu, covc: |c c:souw||a coa o: u|au|c o :cvcu |ca |oss.
- Vou|o: o: u:ca||uj aud u|sc cvc:, S n|uucs.
- 0o uo j|vc au, ood o: ||uu|ds uu|css c:sou|s :ccovc:cd|a|c:.
- Rcassu:c |c c:sou.
- l |c c:souvon|s, :o|| ||no: |c: ou|c s|dc.
Common Causcs :
0:uj o: lood a||c:j|cs, luscc u|cs aud S|ujs.
RccognIon :
- Aux|c,
- Rcd, u|oc|, s||u
- Swc|||uj o oujuc aud |:oa
- Pu|ucss a:ouud c,cs
- lna|:cd u:ca||uj
w|ccz|uj na, uc :cscu w||jas|uj o a|:.
- S|jus o s|oc|
JrcaImcnI :
1. Ca|| o: anuu|aucc |nncd|ac|,.
2. P:ov|dc ouas nuc||uo:na|ouas oss|u|c.
3. hc| |c casua|, o s| |ua os||ou|a cascs au, u:ca||uj d||cu||cs.
4. Vou|o: casua|, aud :cco:d v|a| s|jus AbC}- Lcvc| o cousc|ousucss, u|sc d u:ca||uj uu||
|c| a::|vcs.
S. P:ov|dc :csusc|a|ou| casua|, co||ascs.
ANAPPlAC1IC SP0Ck 4.20
2 8
Vos nodc:u vc||c|cs a:c dcs|jucd o w||saud |nacs o a cc:a|u o:cc, aud o :ov|dc
:occ|ou o d:|vc:s aud asscujc:s. howcvc:, :oad :a|c acc|dcus a:c a connou da, occu::cucc
aud as a |:s a|d :ov|dc:, ,ouna, uc :cuu|:cd o :ov|dc |c| a |c sccuc o a :oad :a|c acc|dcu.
Rcachng Ihc sccnc oI accdcnI :
!a|c ca:c o ,ou: owu sac, aud |osc o u, saudc:s. A:oac| |c sccuc nc|od|ca||,, |cc awa,
:on:a|c, aud as| soncouc o acconau, ,ouo: |c|.
Lxan|uc |c sccuc - ls |c vc||c|c sau|c, w||| | novc o: :o|| ovc:: ls |c:c s|| uc|: ls |c:c au,
daujc: o |:c: A:c owc: o|cs |uvo|vcd: w|a auou oucon|uj :a|c: l a vau o: :uc|, |s |c |oad
sac: 0ou' ouc|au,||uj uu|| ,oua:c su:c |a | |s sac.
At.r t|. iritic| jui.| c.n.rt, .c|| Jr jJ|i.. cr0 cnu|cr... |rJvi0. irJrnctiJr Jr
|J.ctiJr, run.r J .cuc|ti., .tinct.0 .riJur. J irjuri., cr0 i rJc0 r..u. i
r.juir.0 Jr trcjj.0 .cuc|ti..
ConIrol Ihc sccnc :
As ,ou novc o |c sccuc, as| u,saudc:s o novc uac|. As| a :csous|u|c c:sou o s|ow dowu o:
:cd|:cc au, oucon|uj :a|c. As| soncouc c|sc o na|c su:c |a u,saudc:s cscc|a||, c|||d:cu}
dou' ucconc |uvo|vcd w||ass|uj :a|c. As| u,saudc:s uo o sno|c uca: au, danajcd vc||c|cs.
Asscss Ihc sccnc :
w|a a:c |c |u||a| |n:css|ous:
hownau, casua||cs:
A:c |c, wa|||uj a:ouud:
Uucousc|ous:
!a|||uj:
Au, ouv|ous|, dcad:
Au, :acd:
As| u,saudc:s o: |c|.
Va, :cuu|:c o do :|ajc.
w||ou adcuuac |c| do uo ucconc conn|cd o :csusc|a|ou o a ca:d|ac a::cs v|c|na
|c cxcusc o o|c:s w|o :cuu|:c u:jcu ass|saucc.
4.80 0A 1AIIIC ACCILN1S
Acccss Io Ihc casualIcs :
Lusu:c |a au, vc||c|c |uvo|vcd |s sac. 0o uo ouc| |c vc||c|c uu|css ,ou a:c cc:a|u. bcwa:c o
|c vc||c|c uc|uj |u couac w|| au c|cc:|ca| owc: sou:cc. l | |s a ucw nodc| vc||c|c w||
c|cc:ou|c uc| |ucc|ou}, 00 N0! u:u o |c |ju||ou as ||s na, causc a sa:|. l |c cuj|uc |s
:uuu|uj, u:u| o uu |cavc |c |ju||ouou.
l ,ou acn o ja|u cu:,, do uo w:cuc| ocu |c doo: uu|css ,ou |uow|a | |s uo |u couac
w|| a casua|,. bc ca:cu| o u:o|cu j|ass | ,ou |usc: ,ou: |cad |:ouj| a w|udow. Va|c su:c |a
,oucauja|uccc|vc cu:, ucs|dc aud uc||ud |c casua|,. bcwa:c o s|a: nca| aud u:o|cuj|ass.
AIIcndng Io Ihc casualIcs :
Pc:o:na uu|c| cxan|ua|ouo |c casua||cs . AbC, u|ccd|uj, uu:us, :acu:cs, o|c: |uu:|cs.
Vovc |c casua||cs w|| n|uo: |uu:|cs awa, :on|c sccuc o a sac |acc. !||s w||| j|vc ,ou no:c
sacc o acud o |c no:c sc:|ous cascs.
A|wa,s :, o |avc a :csous|u|c c:sou o |c| ,ou acud o sc:|ous casua||cs - | |c|s o |avc
ass|saucc aud suo:.
WhaI Io do !
!:ca au, casua||cs |u acco:daucc w|| ,ou: :a|u|uj. 00 N0! :cnovc au, sc:|ous|, |uu:cd
casua||cs :on|c vc||c|c uu|css |:c, ca: o u:|c: co|||s|ou, a|:wa, :occ|ou, cou:o| o scvc:c
u|ccd|uj, o: CPR a:c ucccssa:,.
wa| o: |c anuu|aucc o a::|vc. P:ov|dc w|a :cancu aud :cassu:aucc ,ou cau, |cc |c
casua||cs wa:n w|| u|au|cs | ava||au|c, aud c:|od|ca||, c|cc| ou |c 'wa|||uj wouudcd' w|o
|avc uccunovcd :on|c sccuc.
Rcncnuc: |a Sh0CK |s a ||c-|:cacu|uj coud||ou, aud |s connou ac: :auna susa|ucd |u a
:oad :a|c acc|dcu. bc :cad, o :ca au, s|jus aud s,nons |a |ud|cac |a a casua|, |s
:oj:css|uj |uo s|oc|. 0o uo couusc s|oc| w|| |c ad:cua||uc ':us|' assoc|acd w|| |c '|j| o:
||j|' ncc|au|snw||c| causcs co|c |uvo|vcd o s||vc:, s|a|c, c:, aud cc| a|u ac: au acc|dcu.
!||s |s uo a sc:|ous coud||ou, aud o|c:s cau |oo| ac: |cn w|||c ,ou acud o |c uccd,
casua||cs.
0u a::|va| o |c anuu|aucc, j|vc |c c:cw w|a |uo:na|ou ,ou |avc aud adv|sc |cn o au,
:cancu ,ou |avc :ov|dcd. You: |uc:vcu|ou w||| uc a:cc|acd u, a|| coucc:ucd - cscc|a||, |c
casua||cs.
4
JransporIaIon :
lu au cnc:jcuc,, |c:c a:c nau, wa,s o novc a casua|, o sac,, :auj|uj :onouc-c:sou ca::|cs
o s:cc|c:s. !|c casua|,'s coud||ou aud |c |nncd|ac, o daujc: w||| d|cac |c a:o:|ac
nc|od, uu :cncnuc: o j|vc a|| ucccssa:, |:s a|d uco:c nov|uj |c casua|,. A |ncs | w||| uc
ucccssa:, o novc |c casua|, |nncd|ac|,, w||ou :cja:d o |c scvc:|, o |c |uu:|cs.
Rcncnuc:, w|cu ,ou novc a casua|,, ,ou a:c a||uj a ca|cu|acd :|s|. You na, causc u:|c:
|uu:, o: cvcudca|
Youa:c us||cd |ua||uj suc|a :|s| ou|, w|cu| |s cv|dcu |a |c casua|, w||| d|c | uo novcd.
0cncral 0udanccs :
1. w|cucvc: oss|u|c, :cudc: |:s a|d uco:c :auso:|uj |c casua|,. Rcducc |c casua|,'s a|u
aud na|c |cnas cono:au|c as oss|u|c.
2. Usc a :cju|a: s:cc|c:, w||cuouj|co|c o ca::, |, so |a ,ouw||| uo d:o |c casua|,.
3. w|cucvc: oss|u|c, a|c |c s:cc|c: o |c casua|,, |uscad o ca::,|uj |c casua|, o |c
s:cc|c:.
4. lascu|c casua|, o |c s:cc|c: so |a |c, dou' s||, s||dc, o: a|| o.
S. Usc u|au|cs, c|o||uj, o: o|c: nac:|a| o ad |c s:cc|c: aud :occ |c casua|, :on
cxosu:c.
6. Casua||cs s|ou|d uc |,|uj ou |c|: uac| w|||c uc|uj novcd. lu a|| cascs, | |s |no:au o |acc
|c casua|, |ua os||ou|a w||| ucs :occ |cn:onu:|c: |uu:,.
7. A|wa,s j|vc a con|cc accouu o |c s|ua|ou uco:c j|v|uj |c casua|, o o|c: c:souuc|.
luc|udc w|a causcd |c |uu:, aud w|a |:s a|d :occdu:cs |avc uccu con|ccd. A|so, jc
|c uanc o |c casua|, aud |c c:souw|on,oua:c u:u|uj |cnovc: o. !||s |s ouc wa, o
:occ|uj ,ou:sc| aud a |c sanc |nc cusu:|uj |a |c a|cu w||| uc |ujood |auds.
InIroducIon
RcarI AIIack
!|c dca| o |ca: |ssuc causcd u, a con|cc u|oc|ajc |u ouc o |c a:c:|cs |a su|, u|ood o
|c |ca: co:oua:, a:c:|cs}, |cads o a |ca: aac|.
!|c Connous,nons o a |ca: aac| a:c .
- C|cs a|uo: d|scono: c| as :cssu:c, suuccz|uj o: |j|ucss
- Pa|u:ad|a|uj o |c s|ou|dc:, |c a:n, uo |c awaud occas|oua||, o |c audoncu
- P:ousc swca|uj
- S|o:ucss o u:ca|
- Nausca o: von||uj
- Pa||a|ous
Ac: a |ca: aac| a c:souna, c||c: :ccovc: o: dcvc|o ouc o |c |:cc con||ca|ou.
- hca: a||u:c
- Co||asc aud dca|
- hca: :|,|nd|su:uauccs
A |c |nc o co||asc, |c |ca: sos un|uj u|ood aud | uo||uj |s douc |nncd|ac|, o :c-
sa: |c |ca:, u:a|u danajc ucj|us w|| |u ou: n|uucs. !|c ca:d|ou|noua:, Rcsusc|a|ou CPR}
aud dc|u:|||a|ou a:c |c ou|, wo :cc::cd cc|u|uucs w||c| cau |cc |c |ca: a||vc. CPR cau uc
c:o:ncd u, au, :a|ucd c:sou d | |s a|so uscu| o |cc |c |ca: uca|uj |u casc o c|cc:ocu|ou,
d:owu|uj aud o|c: causcs o co||asc.
FrsI Ad :
Scc| Vcd|ca| |c| |nncd|ac|,.
Va|c |c c:sou||c dowucono:au|,.
As| ||no a|c dcc u:ca|s.
Vou|o: ||s u|sc.
l ccu|c aud |:cad,, :a|sc |c oo cud aud :ca as c: s|oc| ju|dc||ucs.
l uo u|sc, sa: CPR.
6.1 PLA1 A11ACk
SPLCIAl C0NI1I0N
7
SIcp 8
PosIonng :
- !|c v|c|ns|ou|d uc nadc o ||c ou ||s | |c: uac| aud ou a |a aud |:nsu:acc. !||s |s |c nos
su|au|c os||ouo c:o:n:csusc|a|ou.
- Rcscuc: s|ou|d s:a|j|cu|c |cjs aud a:ns o |c v|c|na|oujs|dc |c uod,.
- l |c v|c|n|s |,|uj acc dowu o: ou ||s s|dc, u:u ou ||s ||c: uac| uco:c sa:|uj au, o |csc
:occdu:cs.
- l |c:c |s au ouv|ous |cad aud |c ucc| |uu:, o: suscccd
|cad | ucc| |uu:,, do a|c ca:c o |c |cad aud uac| u,
suo:|uj w|||c :cos||ou|uj, aud a|| |c novcncus
s|ou|d uc as jcu|c as oss|u|c.
SIcp 4
Kccp Ihc arway opcn :
- lu uucousc|ous v|c|n |,|uj |a w|| ||s acc uwa:ds, | |s
|no:au o :cvcu |c oujuc a|||uj uac|wa:d aud
u|oc||uj |c a|:wa,.
- !|c oujuc a|||uj uac|wa:d cau cas||, uc :cvcucd u, |cad
|||uj uac|wa:d aud |||uj |c c||u o:wa:d hcad || aud
c||u||}. l|j. S.2.3}
- Yous|ou|d a|no |cavc |c v|c|n's nou|s||j||, ocuw|cudo|uj ||s :occdu:c.
- Loo| |uo |c nou| aud c|cc| | |c:c |s au, o:c|ju uod, |u |c nou| suc| as u:o|cu cc|,
dcuu:cs, nca |ccc o: o:a| scc:c|ous. l v|s|u|c :, o c|ca:, aud uc ca:cu| uo o us| |
u:|c: |uo |c nou|.
- lu casc |cad | ucc| |uu:, |s suscccd, do a
jcu|c |cad || aud c||u || aw |:us}.
Rcncnuc: o |cc |c causa||,'s nou|
s||j||, ocu.
SIcp 5
8rcaIhng - Look, LsIcn, Fccl : l|j. S.2.4}
- 0ucc |c a|:wa, |s ocu, na|ua|u |c |cad ||
c||u || os||ou w|| ,ou: |auds as
dcsc:|ucd ca:||c:, asscss aud c|cc| |c u:ca||uj.
l|j. S.2.3}
l|j. S.2.4}
SIcp 1
Asscss :
- Ca|| |c v|c|n |oud|, aud as| u, s|a||uj ||s
s|ou|dc:s jcu|,.
hc||o, hc||o, a:c ,ou 0|' 0R a:c ,ou a|:|j|'.
l|j. S.2.1}
- Avo|d uuwaucd novcncus o |c ucc| |u
|c cvcu o :auna o |c ucc| aud s|uc.
- l |c:c |s uo :csousc, | ncaus |a |c v|c|n
|s uucousc|ous c||c: duc o.
1. Au ous:uccd A|:wa, duc o scc:c|ous
o: ood o: |c oujuc a|||uj uac|wa:d.
2. No u:ca||uj.
3. !|c hca: |as socd uca|uj.
SIcp 2
Call Ior hclp : l|j. S.2.2}
lnncd|ac|, d|a| 10S111 o: 102 o: |c cnc:jcuc,
ncd|ca| sc:v|cc.
lnorma|on o ue |ven .
- w|a |s |c saus o c:souco||ascd:
- w|c:c |s |c v|c|n|ocacd:
- C|vc ,ou: co::cc c|c|ouc uunuc:.
l ,ou |avc auo|c: |c| o: c:sou a:ouud, as| ||n| |c: o ca|| |c anuu|aucc aud j|vc |c auovc
ncu|oucd |uo:na|ouo |c
6.2 0NL MAN A0l1 CP
l|j. S.2.1}
l|j. S.2.2}
0 8
SIcp 8
LocaIc Ihc hand posIon :
1. Ruu |c n|dd|c |ujc:
a| ouj |c | owc: :| us.
na:j|us ||| na:j|us nc:jc
w|| sc:uun u:casuouc.
l|j. S.2.7}
2. P|acc |c |udcx |ujc: ucx
o ,ou: n|dd|c |ujc:. l|j. S.2.8}
3. P|acc |c |cc| o ,ou|au ucx o |udcx |ujc:. l|j. S.2.0}
4. P|acc ,ou: o|c: |aud ovc: |c |:s |aud aud |uc:|acc ,ou: |ujc:s
o uo||auds. l|j. S.2.10}
S. !||s os||ou |s ou |c |owc: |a| o |c sc:uun u:casuouc}.
l|j. S.2.11}
!||s |s |c co::cc |aud os||ouo: c|cs con:css|ou.
- Con:css|ous uc|ow||s |audna:| cau causc danajc o |c ||vc:
|u|c uc: audoncu.
- Con:css|ous oo ||j|ou|c c|cs a:c |uccc|vc.
- Con:css|ous d|:cc|, ovc: |c :|us cau causc |c :acu:c o |c
:|u.
SIcp 0
8cgn - ChcsI Comprcssons :
1. b, na|ua|u|uj |c os||ou o |auds ou |c c|cs wa||, cxcud uo| |c c|uows aud |oc| |u
o
os||ou- 00 o |c c|cs wa|| o |c v|c|n.
2. Usc ,ou: uod, wc|j| u, |cau|uj o:wa:d aud con:css |c v|c|n's c|cs wa|| u, auou
4 o S cn.
l|j. S.2.7} l|j. S.2.8}
l|j. S.2.0}
l|j. S.2.10}
l|j. S.2.11}
- Pos||ou ,ou: c|cc| c|osc o v|c|n's uosc aud nou|, |oo|
owa:d v|c|ns c|cs o: 10 sccs o: |c c|cs wa|| o
:|sc aud a||} L|scu o: |c souuds o a|: csca|uj :on |c
v|c|n' nou|aud uosc}.
lcc| o: |c a|: ou ,ou: c|cc| csca|uj :on |c uosc aud
nou|o |c v|c|n}.
SIcp 6
8rcaIhng - MouIh Io MouIh : l|j. S.2.S}
- l v|c|n |s ouud uo u:ca||uj, ucj|u nou| o nou|
vcu||a|ou u, |uc||uj |c uos:|| aud sca||uj v|c|ns
nou|u, |ac|uj ,ou: nou|ouo.
- Va|ua|u|cad || aud c||u|| |:ouj|ou w|||c o|c: |aud.
- !a||uj a dcc u:ca| aud ocu|uj ,ou: nou| w|dc, u|ow|uo |c v|c|n's nou| uu|| ,ou scc
|c c|cs :|sc.
- Lcavc |c uos:||s |nncd|ac|, o |c |c v|c|ncx|a|c.
- C|vc wo :cscuc u:ca|s |u||a||,.
SIcp 1
Chcck Ior CrculaIon: l|j. S.2.6}
1. C|cc| o: ca:o|d u|sc u, |oca|uj |c adan's a|c a
|c ucc| o |c v|c|n w|| |c adan's sccoud |aud.
Va|ua|u|cad || aud c||u|| w|||:s |aud.
2. S||dc |c |ujc:s o |c sccoud |aud |ac:a||, ou |c s|dc o
|c adan's a|c uu|| ,ou :cac| |c j:oovc. A|,|uj
jcu|c :cssu:c w|||ujc: |s, cc| u|sc o: 10 sccouds.
- l |c u|sc |s c|, |c |ca: |s uca|uj
- Rcscuc u:ca||uj |s j|vcu a |c :ac o ouc u:ca| cvc:, S sccoud o: 12 u:ca|s n|uuc u,
couu|uj 'u|ow' 3 ouc |ousaud 4 ouc |ousaud
3. l uo u|sc |s c|, |cuucj|ucxc:ua| c|cs con:css|ou.
l|j. S.2.S}
l|j. S.2.6}
71 70
JRF RFC0vFRY P0SIJI0N:
SIcp I
a} !uc| |c a:n ou ,ou: s|dc uudc: |c v|c|n's ||j| u, |cc|uj | s:a|j| aud a|n ac|uj
uwa:ds. l|j. S.2.13}
u} b:|uj |c oos|c a:n ac:oss |c v|c|n's c|cs aud |acc |c |aud ovc: |c v|c|n's c|cc|.
l|j. S.2.13}, l|j. S.2.14}
c} bcud |c v|c|n's a: |ucc o 00 dcj:cc auj|c u, us|uj o|c: |aud. l|j. S.2.1S}
SIcp 2
a} P|acc ,ou: a|n ou |c o o v|c|ns a|n, w||c| |s ou c|cc| o na|ua|u |c os||ou. ho|d
|c v|c|n's || ou |c oos|c s|dc aud :o|| ||nowa:ds ,ou uu|css v|c|n|s |,|uj ou ||s s|dc.
l|j. S.2.16}
SIcp 8
a} Va|c su:c |a |c c|cc| o |c v|c|n|s |,|uj ovc: |c uac| o |c a|n.
u} Scc |a |c o|c: |aud |s |,|uj :cc ou|c uod, s|dc w||a|nac|uj uwa:d.
c} !|c |cj s|ou|d uc |cxcd o |ucc a auou 00 dcj:cc.
CPR CANSAvF LIFF AN0JRF vICJIM 0FJS ACRANCF J0LIvF
l|j. S.2.1S} l|j. S.2.16}
l|j. S.2.12} l|j. S.2.13} l|j. S.2.14}
SIcp 10
RaIo oI chcsI comprcsson Io brcaIhs :
w|||c c:o:n|uj c|cs con:css|ous ,ou s|ou|d uc au|c o jc |ca: :ac o auou 60 c: n|uuc.
Ac: cvc:, 1S c|cs con:css|ous, 2 u:ca|s a:c j|vcu. !||s :ac |s ac||cvcd u, couu|uj
|oud|, w|||c ,oua:c con:css|uj |c c|cs as o||ows .-
1 aud 2 aud 3 aud 4 aud S
1 aud 2 aud 3 aud 4 aud 10 aud
aud 2 aud 3 aud 4 aud 1S
PonIs Io rcmcmbcr :
1. Ac: cvc:, 1S con:css|ous ,ou s|ou|d uo a|c no:c |au 4 o 7 sccouds o dc||vc: 2
vcu||a|ous.
2. Va|c su:c o :c|casc :cssu:c ou|c c|cs a |c cud o cac|con:css|ou.
3. C|cc| Pu|sc ac: cvc:, 4 c,c|cs o 1S con:css|ous.2 vcu||a|ouw||c|s|ou|d uc con|ccd |u
ouc n|uuc.
4. l |c u|sc |as :cu:ucd, c|cc| u:ca||uj. l uo u:ca||uj c:o:n:cscuc u:ca||uj.
S. l |c u|sc |s s||| auscu, cou|uuc CPR uu|| |c anuu|aucc o: ncd|ca| cana::|vcs.
6. l uo| u|sc aud u:ca||uj :cu:us ac: succcssu| CPR, u:u |c v|c|n o |c :ccovc:,
os||ou, uu asscss cou|uuous|, o: u|sc aud u:ca||uj cvc:, cwn|uucs as |csc cau so
aja|u.
7. Ncvc: Pc:o:nCPR oua c:souw||a u|sc.
8. Usc ,ou: CPR s||||s w|cu,oucucouuc: a co||ascd c:sou.
78 72
Jhc Rcmlch Mancuvcr :
1. lnncd|ac|, a|c os||ouuc||ud |c v|c|n. Saud|uj o: scacd}.
2. Pu ,ou: a:ns a:ouud |c v|c|n's wa|s. l|j. S.2.18}
3. Locac |c uavc| w|| ouc o |c |aud aud |acc wo |ujc: auovc |c uavc|
us|uj |c o|c: |aud.
4. P|acc a c|oscd |s w|||unu |us|dc, 2 |ujc:s auovc |c uavc|.
S. Pu ,ou: o|c: |aud ovc: ,ou: c|oscd |s.
6. C|vc uu|c| |:us |uwa:d aud uwa:d o |c audoncuw||uo||auds.
7. Lac||:us s|ou|d uc sca:ac|, aud o:ccu||, dc||vc:cd. l|j. S.2.10}
8. Cou|uuc j|v|uj |:us uu|| o:c|ju uod, |s cxc||cd o: |c v|c|nucconc
uucousc|ous.
0. lo: auuucousc|ous v|c|n, :occcd as ouc nauCPR.
II Ihc vcIms obcsc or prcgnanI ( CRFSJ JRRuSJS] :
1. Saud uc||ud |c v|c|naud cuc|:c|c ,ou: a:ns a:ouud |c c|cs.
2. P|acc |c |unu s|dc |us|dc aud na|c a |s.
3. P|acc |c |unu s|dc ou |c n|dd|c o |c v|c|n's u:casuouc aud covc: |c |s w|| o|c:
|aud.
4. C|vc |:uss |u uac|wa:d d|:cc|ou. Rcca |c |:us uu|| |c o:c|ju uod, |s ou o:
v|c|nucconcs uucousc|ous.
S. lo: auuucousc|ous v|c|ncou|uuc as ouc nauCPR.
SaIcIy prccauIons whlc pracIcng CPR on mankn :
1. was||auds uco:c nau|||ucouac.
2. Vau|||u's nou| aud uosc s|ou|d uc d|s|ucccd |o:ouj||, |u ucwccu a:|c|aus, usc
a|co|o| swau.
3. 0o uo usc ||s|c| ounau|||u.
4. luo:n|c :a|u|uj ccu:c | ,ou|avc .
a} Ras|cs ou,ou: uod, o: |auds, nou|
u} hca||s b -Pos||vc
c} Auuc: :cs|:ao:, |ucc|ou
l|j. S.2.18}
l|j. S.2.10}
!|c 0us:uccd A|:wa,
WhaI do wc do !
C|o||uj cau:csu| |uuucousc|ousucss aud ca:d|o-u|noua:, a::cs.
l |s ocu causcd u, o:c|ju uod, |odjcd |u |c a|:wa,. !|c :ccoju||ou aud :oc: nauajcncu o
c|o||uj |s o |c, |no:aucc o sac, a |oncs, :csau:aus, aud o|c: uu||c |accs.
PrcvcnIon :
AdulIs :
- Cu ood |uo sna|| |cccs.
- C|cwood s|ow|, aud |o:ouj||,, cscc|a||, | wca:|uj dcuu:cs.
- Avo|d |auj||uj aud a|||uj du:|uj ca|uj ood.
- Avo|d cxccss|vc |ua|c o a|co|o| uco:c aud du:|uj nca|s.
InIanIs BChldrcn :
- Kcc na:u|cs, ucads aud o|c: sna|| ouccs ou o |c|: :cac|.
- P:cvcu |cn:onwa|||uj, :uuu|uj o: |a,|uj w||ood o: o,s |u|c|: nou|.
Rowcan onc rccognzc sympIoms oI chokng !
1. v|c|nc|uc|cs a ||s ucc|-uu|vc:sa| s|juo: c|o||uj. l|j. S.2.17}
2. l uo su:c o c|o||uj, as| v|c|n|oud|, 'A:c ,ou c|o||uj' cau ,ou
a||, cau,ouu:ca|, cau,oucouj|.
3. As| v|c|no couj|as |a:d as |c cau.
4. l |c c|o||uj |s jc|uj wo:sc, ,ou w||| uo|cc v|c|n's couj||uj |s
uccon|uj wca| aud |uccc|vc.
- v|c|n|s uuau|c o sca|.
- v|c|ndcvc|os |a:s|uo|sc w|||c sca||uj.
- v|c|n's acc na, ucconc u|uc.
!||s sujjcs |a |nncd|ac ass|saucc |s uccdcd o |c| |c v|c|n cxc| |c ous:uc|uj o:c|ju
uod, :on|c uc: a|: wa,. !|c cc|u|uuc |s ca||cd 'hc|n||c|Vaucuvc:'.
CP0kIN0
l|j. S.2.17}
76 74