1

Organization Communication
Face-to-face
communication takes
place during one-on-
one discussions, in
formal groups, and
during meetings.
Face-to-face
communication is the
most effective form of
communication.
Both nonverbal cues and
verbal communication
supply immediate feedback.
Individuals also
communicate orally on the
phone and during
presentations, and in writing
using desktop computers or
terminals to compose letters,
memos, and reports.
2
The Communication Process
The communication process includes: sender
or encoder, receiver or decoder, message,
channel or medium, feedback, and
environment.
3
The Communication Process
4
The Communication Process
Sender or Encoder

The sender initiates a communication-and
determines the intent of the message, how to
send it, and what if any response is required.
The sender bears the burden in this process,
communicating not only the content of the
message, but information about history and
attitude toward the receivers as well.

5
The Communication Process
Receiver or Decoder
Receivers comprise the target audience of a message
transmitted by the sender.
The message the sender encodes may not be the
message received.
Receivers interpret messages based upon their frame of
reference: includes their life experiences, their cultural
background, and the values and beliefs they hold.
Feedback may help to prevent misunderstandings.
6
The Communication Process
Message

Contains ideas expressed to other individuals
Messages generally take one or more of three
forms: informative, persuasive, and actuative.

7
The Communication Process
Channel or Medium
The channel conveys the message to the
receiver, either verbally and face-to-face, or in
another mediated fashion.
The medium can impact the message positively
or negatively, so the sender must choose the
best medium for assuring effective
communication.