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Solar Energy Tracking SystemIntroductionConceptPhotovoltaics (PV) is a method of generating

electrical power by converting solarradiation into direct current electricity using semiconductors that
exhibit thephotovoltaic effect.MaterialsMaterials presently used for photovoltaics include
monocrystalline silicon,polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, cadmium telluride, and copper
indiumselenide/sulfide.Photovoltaic effect & Photoelectric effectThe photovoltaic effect is the creation
of a voltage (or a corresponding electriccurrent) in a material upon exposure to light. Though the
photovoltaic effect isdirectly related to the photoelectric effect, the two processes are different
andshould be distinguished. In the photoelectric effect, electrons are ejected from amaterials surface
upon exposure to radiation of sufficient energy. Thephotovoltaic effect is different in that the generated
electrons are transferredbetween different bands (i.e., from the valence to conduction bands) within
thematerial, resulting in the buildup of a voltage between two electrodes.Solar TrackerA solar tracker is
a generic term used to describe devices that orient variouspayloads toward the sun. The optics in
concentrated solar applications acceptsthe direct component of sunlight light and therefore must be
orientedappropriately to collect energy. Tracking systems are found in all concentratorapplications
because such systems do not produce energy unless oriented closelytoward the sun.