TH NGHIM VT L: BI S 5

Nghin cu cc my bin th

Nhm th nghim:
L Vn Tun
Nguyn Nho Quc Vit
Mai Vn Tun
Nguyn Vn Vit

I - Mc ch th nghim
My bin th l mt my tnh cho php thay i in p dng m khng lm thay
i tn s.N bin i cng sut in xoay chiu thnh mt cng sut xoay chiu
khc c cng tn s nhng c cc c trng khc (v in p dng).
N mang li mt li ch ng k bi v n cho php gim hoc tng in p cao v
dng yu trong khi ngun sinh l in p trung bnh v s dng thc hin in p
thp v dng mnh.
php, ngun sinh l in p 20kV, s vn chuyn thc hin di 220kV v
s s dng in l in p 220V.
M t: n = 250 vng, 500 vng hoc 100 vng
II- C s l thuyt
My bin th hot ng tun theo 2 hin tng vt l:

Dng in chy qua dy dn to ra t trng (t trng)

S bin thin t thng trong cun dy to ra 1 hiu in th cm ng (cm

ng in)

Dng in c to ra trong cun dy s cp khi ni vi hiu in th s cp, v 1

t trng bin thin trong li st.T trng bin thin ny to ra trong mch in
th cp 1 hiu in th th cp.Nh vy hiu in th s cp c th thay i c
hiu in th th cp thng qua t trng.S bin i ny c th c iu chnh
qua s vng qun trn li st.

Khi NP, UP, IP, P v NS, US, IS, S l s vng qun, hiu in th, dng in v t
thng trong mch in s cp v th cp (primary v secondary) th theonh lut
Faraday ta c:

v
Nu S = P th

,
ngoi ra

Nh vy

(my bin th l tng).

III- Trnh t th nghim

Phn A
Trong phn A, c s dng my bin th cch in v dao ng k
Chn r =50

1.Nghin cu thc nghim ch khng ti bng dao ng k.

1) Thc hin s lp rp
a) Quan st trn dao ng k s lch pha gia v1 v v2:

Chn r = 50
Ubtcd= 40 V
n1=500
n2=250
Nhn xt:v1 v v2dao ng cng pha.
Thang o Dao ng k: 20v-20v-2ms
b) Quan st dng trong ch khng ti i0 v pha ca n so vi pha ca
v1 : l mt hnh sin b bin dng mnh.
Nhn xt:I0 v V1 dao ng vung pha.

2.Ngin cu cc in p ca mch c ti, v1 c nh v in tr R2

bin i
Thc hin s lp rp nh hnh 3.
Chn v d n1= 250 vng v n2= 500 vng. in p cun s cp ca bin th (tho
ri c) khng vt qu 110V.Thay i in tr ti R2 bng mt bin tr 110
.Ch n cc cng dng cc i.V vy, chng ta s c nh v1 mt gi
tr tng thch vi cc gi tr s dng.
Nhn xt vai tr ca bin th cch in c tc dng trnh s ngn mch i vi
in tr r.
6)
a) o t s V2/V1 i vi cc gi tr ln ca in tr ti.
-Chn
o t s V2/V1 i vi 3 gi tr ln ca in tr ti R2
V 3 gi tr nh ca in tr ti R2

Kt qu th nghim:
R

V2

V1

V2/V1
n2/n1

ln

nh

23.4 0.39 =1.7%

10.8

0.29 =2.7%

2.17 0.09 =4.4%

23.2 0.39 =1.7%

10.7

0.29 =2.7%

2.17 0.10 =4.4%

23.0 0.38 =1.7%

10.6

0.28

2.17 0.09 =4.3%

5.06

=4.7%

3.62

=6.4%

1.40 0.16 =11%

4.48

=5.4%

3.38

=4.6%

1.33 0.16 =12%

3.75

=6.1%

3.13

=7.3%

1.20 0.16 =13%

2.6%

X l s liu v lm trn:

( )

( )

=>

=>

( )

( )

=>
Tng t cho cc s liu khc ta c bng trn
Nhn xt:Khi

l nh th

rt nh so vi

3. Nghin cu dng trong ch ti, V1 c nh v in tr R2 bin

i.
7)
a) o t s I2/I1 i vi cc gi tr nh ca in tr ti
-Chn
o t s I2/I1 i vi 3 gi tr nh ca in tr ti R2 v 3 gi tr ln ca in tr ti
R2

-Kt qu th nghim:
R

I1

I2

I1/I2
n2/n1

Nh

Ln

0.46

0.006 =1.3%

0.24

0.004 =1.6%

1.92 0.06 =2.9%

0.39

0.005 =1.3%

0.200 0.004 =1.8%

1.95 0.06 =3.1%

0.33

0.005 =1.5%

0.170 0.003

1.94 0.06 =3.3%

0.150
0.12
0.010

=2.0%
=2.7%
=3%

1.8%

0.070

=4.3%

0.12 =6.3%

0.060

=3.3%

2.00 0.12 =6%

0.05

=4%

2.00 0.14 =7%

X l s liu v lm trn:

=>

( )
( )

( )

=>

( )

( )

( )

=>

2.9%

Tng t cho cc trng hp khc ta c bng trn.

4. Quan st trn dao ng k mt chu trnh t tr.

8) Thc hin lp rp nh s hnh 6
Mch th cp gm 1 mch tch phn RC vi C c F v hp in tr R c ln
10k.
Chn r

= 50

= 10 k

= 5 F

Ubtcd = 160V
n1 = 500
n2 = 250
Thang o dao ng k 20V-20V-2ms
ng cong B(H) trn dao ng k:

Nhn xt:
Khi tng C, dc s tng.
Khi tng U, hnh to hn.
Khi tng R, dc gim.

Phn B:
Trong phn B, khng s dng my bin th cch in v dao ng k

5- Nghin cu cc cng sut ch c ti: V1 c nh v R2 Thay

i. Hiu sut.
9) thc hin lp rp nh hnh 4.
Cung cp nng lng cho cun s cp ca mt my bin th t ngu bng 1
ngun tn s thp. Nh vy, nh 1 con trt mch th cp, ngi ta cung cp
nng lng trc tip cho in tr R2.
o cc gi tr ca mch s cp: cng sut tiu th P1 bng Ot k : Dng
I1(A), in p V1(V) bng ampe k v vn k. Tnh cos1.
C nh R2 v thay i Ungun.

Chn v d m=1/2. vn k thang 200V v Ampe k thang 2 A.

=0.8
(V)

(A)

V1(%)

I1(%)

(W)

P1(%)

64.0 0.9

0.5

0.770

1.1

39.4 0.6

1.6

83.2 0.9

1.0

0.99

1.0

65.9 0.9

2.0

93.3 0.9

0.3

1.10

0.9

82.1 1.0

1.2

X l s liu v lm trn:

( )

( );

( )

( )

=>

( )

( )

=>
=

=0.8

=0.9/83.2+0.01/0.99=2%

P1

P1

=>

=65.894

65.894=1.3
( )

Thc hin tng t cho cc trng hp khc

10) o bng I2 Ampe k v V1 Vn k t tnh cng sut tiu th P2 trong mch
th cp.

 Vn k thang 200 V v Ampe k thang 2 A.

C nh V1 v thay i R2.
Chn v d V1 100V

(V)

(A)

V2(%)

I2(%)

50.6 0.6

1.2

0.7000

1.1

65.8 0.8

1.1

0.91

1.0

73.8 0.8

1.1

1.02

1.0

(W)

P2(%)

35.4 0.8
1.3
75.3 1.6

2.3
2.1
2.1

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------X l s liu v lm trn:

( )

( );

( )

( )

=>

( )

( )

=>
=

P2

=>
Ta c bng sau:

=59.878(W)
=0.73/65.8+0.01/0.91=2.1%
( )

(w)

p1(%)

39.4 0.6

1.6

65.9 0.9

2.0

82.1 1.0

1.2

(w)

I22(%)

35.4 0.8
1.3
75.3 1.6

2.3

0.90 0.04

3.9

2.1

0.91 0.04

4.1

2.1

0.92 0.03

3.3

X l s liu:

(%)

T s liu bng 4 ta c cc ng cong P1=f(I2) v P2=g(I2).

P1
P2

60

50

P(W)
P1

40

30

20

10

P2
I2(A)
0
0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

1.1

1.2

1.3

X l s liu:

6. Nghin cu thc nghim trong ch khng ti vi vn k v

miliampe k.

1)Ngi s dng mt my bin th ( tho ri c) vi cc ng dy 500 vng v

250 vng n cho php thc hin vi t s bin i m= /n 1 bng 1; v 2.
2)Nghim li bng thc nghim nh lut v in p, trong khi thay i:
V1 chn v d m = n2/n1 = 2
Bng 5:
(V)

20.0

40.00

(V)

43.30

65.70

2.17 0.07

2.12 0.05

60.00

84.3 0.87

127.0 1.2

2.1 0.05

2.12 0.04

p dng cc cng thc x l s liu trn:

t:

vi

3) o cng dng trong ch ti i0 vi miliampe k i vi cc gi tr khc

nhau ca V1 v gi tr c nh ca m.
Chn v d m = n2/ n1 = 2
p dng cc cng thc x l s liu trn ta c:
Bng 6:
( )
( )

20.0
(

40.00
)

60.00
)