CNG N THI CHUYN CCNA

(Cp nht 05/2011)

***
I. YU CU V KIN THC V K NNG NGH

Kin thc (K)

Gii thch c chc nng, hot ng, cc giao thc trong m hnh 7 lp OSI.
Cu trc v cch hot ng ca IP Header.
Cu trc a ch IP Version 4.
Trnh by c k thut VLSM v CIDR.
Cch hot ng ca DHCP (Dynamic Host Control Protocol).
Cu to, cch thc hot ng ca cc giao thc tn Transport (TCP, UDP).
Kin trc Ethernet, cu trc Frame Ethernet v cc chun cp thng dng.
Gii thch c cu to, qu trnh khi ng v IOS ca Cisco Router.
Nm c cc chng nng, cu hnh cn bn ca Cisco IOS.
Bit cc cu hnh cc phng thc bo mt cho Switch.
Hiu c cch thc hot ng ca Switch, li ch m Switch mang li thng qua cc c ch Trunking,
VLAN, VTP, STP, RSTP, MSTP
Gii thch c cc hot ng ca Subinterface.
Kin trc mng phn tng ca Cisco (Core, Distribution, Access).
Trnh by c k thut EtherChannel v cc giao thc m EtherChannel s dng.
Cc phng php chuyn mch s dng trong WAN.
Gii thch c cch thc hot ng ca cc k thut NAT, PAT
Hiu c cc bc thc hin thng thc PAP, CHAP.
Trnh by c cch xy dng bng nh tuyn v qu trnh Path Determination v Switching ca Router.
Nhn bit c cc giao thc nh tuyn Distance Vector Routing Protocol v Link-state Routing Protocol.
Hiu c cch hot ng, phn loi Access Control List, nhng trng hp cn p dng Access Control
List.
Gii thch c c im v cch RIPv1/RIPv2 hot ng.
Trnh by c c im, thut ton DUAL s dng trong giao thc nh tuyn EIGRP.
Trnh by c thut ton SPF v c im ca Link-state Routing Protocol.
Trnh by c c im ca giao thc nh tuyn OSPF.
Trnh by c c im v ng dng ca CDP.
Trnh by ccc thc hot ng v c im ca Frame Relay.
C kin thc tng qut v IP Version 6.
K nng (S)

Cu hnh c Router Cisco c bn v static route trn Router Cisco.
Cu hnh bo mt cho Switch Cisco.
Cu hnh giao thc xc thc PAP, CHAP trong PPP.
Cu hnh c EtherChannel.
Cu hnh c Static Route.
Cu hnh c ACL qun l traffic mng.
Cu hnh c cc giao thc nh tuyn RIPv1/RIPv2/EIGRP.
Cu hnh c giao thc nh tuyn OSPF trong mt Area.
Cu hnh c cc tnh nng m rng ca Cicso IOS: NAT/PAT, DHCP, CDP.
Cu hnh c Spanning Tree Protocol.
Xy dng c VLAN cho doanh nghip v cu hnh c VLAN Trunking Protocol.
Cu hnh c EtherChannel.
Cu hnh Frame Relay Point-to-Point, Multipoint Subinterface.
II. NI DUNG CHI TIT

Gii thiu m hnh OSI
M hnh OSI, chc nng v cch ng gi tng tng:
o Physical
o Data-Link
o Network
o Transport
o Session
o Presentation
o Application
M hnh TCP/IP
Application
Transport
Internetwork
Network Access
Cu trc ca IPv4
Cc lp a ch Ipv4, chia a ch nng cao:
o IP Subnetting
o VLSM
o CIDR
Public IP
Private IP
Khun dng IP Header
Qu trnh thc hin DHCP
Discovery Message
Offer Message
Request Message
Acknowledgment Message
Cc giao thc qun l kt ni ca lp Transport
TCP
UDP
c im, chc nng, phng thc hot ng ca TCP, UDP.
Cu trc TCP Header, UDP Header.
Cc bc thit lp kt ni ca TCP, UDP.
Gii thiu kin trc Ethernet
Hin tng Collision.
Chc nng v hot ng ca c ch CSMA/CD.
Khun dng Frame Ethernet
o 802.3
o Ethernet II
Kt ni v truyn d liu trong LAN
o Unicast
o Multicast
o Broadcast
Chc nng v cu trc ca a ch MAC.
Cc loi cp kt ni
Cp ng trc
Cp xon i
o C v bc
o Khng c v bc
Cp quang
o Single Mode
o Multi Mode
Gii thiu cc thit b, phn cng s dng trong kt ni mng LAN
Thit b lp 2
o Bridge
o Switch
o NIC
Thit b lp 3
o Router
o Multilayer Switch
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
o ARP/RARP Request
o ARP/RARP Reply
o ARP Cache
Collision Domain
Broadcast Domain
Chuyn mch bng Switch
Cut-through
Store-and-Forward
Segment-Free
MAC Table
Cc bc khi ng Cisco Router
Load Bootstrap
Load IOS
Load Configuration
Cc phng thc kt ni cu hnh Router
Console Port
Auxilary Port (Router Only)
Interface (Telnet)
TFTP Server
Web Browser
Cc lnh kim tra b nh, phin bn Router IOS
Backup IOS Image (TFTP Server)
Backup running configure (TFTP Server)
Backup start-up configure (TFTP Server)
Cc lnh cu hnh cn bn Cisco IOS
C ch bao mt trn Switch Cisco
Bo mt da trn a ch MAC.
Cch Switch tc ng ln Port nu pht hin li sai.
Cc lnh cu hnh bo mt cho Switch.
Tng quan Duplex
Half-duplex.
Full-duplex.
Cc lnh cu hnh Duplex cho Interface.
Tm hiu cc li ch ca chuyn mch bng cc c ch ca Switch Cisco
Virtual LAN (VLAN)
o Khi nim
o Phng thc hot ng
o Li ch ca VLAN
o Cu hnh VLAN cho Switch
Trunking
o Tc dng ca Trunking
o Cc chun Trunking
o Cu hnh Trunking cho Switch
Native VLAN
VTP
o Khi nim VTP
o Li ch ca VTP
o Cch hot ng ca VTP
o c trng ca cc ch VTP (Server, Client, Transparent)
o VTP Prunning
o Cu hnh VTP
Inter-VLAN Routing
o Subinterface
o Hot ng ca Inter-VLAN Routing
o Cu hnh Inter-VLAN Routing
Gii thiu cch thit k mng phn tng
Core
Distribution
Access
Gii thiu EtherChannel
Li ch ca EtherChannel
o Backup
o Load Sharing
o Gim nghn mng
Hai giao thc s dng trong EtherChannel
o PagP (Cisco)
o LACP
Cu hnh EtherChannel
Tm hiu c ch trnh Loop v Redundance Spanning Tree Protocol
Hip tng vng lp Switch
Cch trnh hin tng vng lp s dng Spanning Tree
o Hot ng ca Spanning Tree
o Cch bu chn Spanning Tree
o Bridge ID
o Root Bridge
o Non-root Bridge
o Root Port
o Block Port
o Designated Port
o Thi gian tnh ton Spanning Tree
o Trng thi Port trong STP
Cc loi Spanning Tree
o Per-VLAN Spanning Tree (PVST)
o Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Plus (PVST+)
o Rapid Spanning Tree (RSTP)
o Multi Spanning Tree (MSTP)
Cu hnh Spanning Tree
Spanning Tree PortFast
Cc loi kt ni, m hnh chnh s dng trong WAN
S cn thit ca WAN
H tng truy cp WAN
o Lp Physical: RS232, RS449
o Lp Data-Link: HDLC, Frame Relay, ATM, PPP
Cc thit b s dng trong WAN
Phn loi cng ngh WAN
o Dedicated (Leased Line)
o Switched (Packet Switch, Cell Switch, Circuit Switch)
WAN DSL
Tng quan dch v DSL
o u im
o Nhc im
o Cu hnh DHCP
Cch thc hot ng v cc loi NAT
o Static NAT
o Dynamic NAT
o PAT NAT Overload
o Cu hnh NAT
WAN PPP
o Gii tihu tng quan PPP
o Cch thit lp mt PP Session
Cc c ch chng thc trong PPP
o PAP
o CHAP (Mt chiu, hai chiu)
o Cu hnh xc thc PAP, CHAP
Routing
Gii thiu b nh tuyn-Router
o Chc nng ca Router
o Bng nh tuyn
Khi nim Static Route Dynamic Route
Static Route
Static Route
Default Route
Cu hnh Static Route
Tm hiu Access Control List
Tc dng ca Access List
Cch hot ng ca Access List
Phn loi Access List
o Standard
o Extended
Phn loi cch t tn Access List
o Standard: 1-99
o Extebded: 100-199
o Named Access List
c im ca Standard ACL
c im ca Extended ACL
V tr v cch p dng Access List
Xc nh Wildcard Mask trong Access List
Cu hnh ACL
Dynamic Routing Protocol
c im
Phn loi
o Distance-Vector
o Link-State
nh ngha AS: Autonomous System
nh ngha AD: Administrative Distance
c im ca Distance-Vector
Cp nht theo chu k.
Tham s tnh ton ng i tt nht l Next-hop.
RIP, EIGRP thuc Distance Vector
Khng h tr VLSM.
Qung b ton b bng nh tuyn theo c ch broadcast.
Router ch bit c cc Router lng ging gn n nht.
Gp hin tng Routing Loop
Gii quyt Routing Loop
o Split Horizon
o Holddown Timer
o Poison Reverse
o Trigger Update
c im ca Link-State
Cp nht ngay khi c s thay i v ch gi i nhng thng tin thay i.
Qung b thng tin nh tuyn thng qua cc LSA theo c ch Multicast.
Router bit c ton b h thng mng chy nh tuyn Link-State.
OSPF, IS-IS thuc Link-State.
Hi t nhanh chng.
H tr VLSM, CIDR.
i hi cu hnh CPU cao.
Kin trc phn tng OSPF
o Phn thnh cc khu vc nh tuyn ring bit
o Li ch khi s dng kin trc phn tng
Giao thc nh tuyn RIP
c im ca RIP
o Mang cc c trng ca Distance-Vector
o Tuyn ng ti a 16 hop
o Cp nht ton b bng nh tuyn cho cc lng ging mi 30 giy
Cu hnh RIPv1.
Cu hnh RIPv2 (H tr VLSM).
Giao thc nh tuyn EIGRP
c im ca EIGRP
o Advance Distance-Vector
o Khng nh hng bi Routing Loop
o D cu hnh
o Cp nht ngay khi c s thay i
o Cn bng ti
o D thit k h tng mng
o H tr VLSM
o H tr nhiu giao thc IP, IPX, Applte Talk
Thut ton DUAL
o nh ngha AD
o nh ngha FD
o Bu chn Successor
o Bu chn Feasible Successor
Cu hnh EIGRP.
Cn bng ti s dng trng s variance.
Cu hnh xc thc trong EIGRP.
Giao thc nh tuyn OSPF
c im ca OSPF
o Lin kt vi lng ging bng cch gi cc gi tin Hello
o Xy dng bng nh tuyn trn thut ton SPF
o Hnh thnh SPF Tree bng cch gi v nhn cc gi LSA
o Tp hp cc LSA nhn c gi l Link-State Database
o H tr VLSM
OSPF Metric
o Gii thiu OSPF Metric
o Chnh sa Cost ca link
OSPF v Multiaccess Network
o Gii thiu Multiaccess Network
o Qu trnh bu chn DR/BDR
o OSPF Interface Priority
Cu hnh OSPF
Cu hnh OSPF Load Balancing
Cu hnh OSPF Authentication
Kim tra v khc phc li
Cisco Discovery Protocol
Tm tt cc thng tin v kt ni trc tip gia cc thit b ca Cisco
Cu hnh CDP
Tng quan Frame Relay
Dch v hng kt ni
Kt ni hnh thnh t cc mch o
Frame Relay Topology
o Hub and Spoke
o Full mesh
o Partial mesh
Thut ng trong Frame Relay
o LMI
o DLCI
Gii quyt vn Split Horizon bng Subinterface
Frame Relay Inverse ARP
o Hot ng ca Inverse ARP v LMI
o Cu hnh Frame Relay c bn
c im ca Frame Relay theo dng
o Point-to-Point
o Multipoint
o Cu hnh Frame Relay Point-to-Point
o Cu hnh Frame Relay Multipoint