The observed carbon-carbon sigma bond length in 1,3-butadiene

is 1.48 while that in ethane is 1.53 .explain?

Give reason:
C
2
-C
3
in 1,3-butadiene is shorter than in n-butane.

Give reason:
C-Cl bond length in chlorobenzene is shorter than expected.

Why the C-Cl bond length in cyanogens is even shorter than that
predicted value?
Give reason:
C-Cl bond length in cyanogen chloride is 1.63 while in methyl
chloride is 1.77.

What reason is responsible for bond contraction in cyclooctatetraene?
Give reason:
Cyclooctatetraene exists in a puckered conformer not in planar
structure.

Give reason:
The C-NO
2

bond length for 4-nitroaniline (1.43) is shorter than
that in nitrobenzene (1.49).

Give reason:
In 2,4,6-trinitroiodobenzene(picryl iodide), the para C-N bond
length is shorter than that the ortho C-N bond.
or
The C-N bond length is 1.35 for the p-NO
2
and 1.45 for o-NO
2
in
picryl iodide. (Normal C-N is 1.47 and C=N is 1.28)

Give reason:
1. The resonance energy for 1,3-butadiene is 3.5 kcal/mole
2. The resonance energy of benzene is 36 kcal/mole.
Give reason:
1. Acetaldehyde exists in keto form.
2. Acetylacetone exists in the enol form (80%) while ethyl
acetoacetate (75%).
3. phloroglucinol reacts in keto form as well as in the enol
form.

Give reason:
Methyl iodide is more reactive than methyl chloride towards
nucleophilic substitution reactions.
Give reason:
1. N,N-dimethylaniline can coupled with diazonium cation
while 2,6,N,N-tetramethylaniline can

t.
2. The dipole moment of N,N-dimethylaniline is 1.61D while
2,6,N,N-tetramethylaniline is 0.94D.