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Intervals and Inversions
Inside the Octave
Minimum
Interval (& no. of half-steps)
Inverted
Interval (& no. of half-steps)
min 2nd (1)
Maj 7th (11)
Maj 2nd (2)
min 7th (10)
min 3rd (3)
Maj 6th (9)
Maj 3rd (4)
min 6th (8) *Perfect 5th (7)
*Perfect 4th (5) Augmented 4th (6)
diminished 5th (6)
Note that major intervals invert to minor and vice verse
*Perfect intervals invert to perfect
Aug 4th and Dim 5th both have 6 half-steps. They sound the same, just spelled differently.
These are the 12 unique intervals that exist within the octave.
Major and perfect intervals get their names from the intervals that exist between a scale's
tonic (starting note) and successive steps in the scale. i.e. in the key of F, the interval
between F (tonic) and G (step 2) is a Major 2nd, etc.