1

Chng 1: CC YU CU V CNG NGH V TRUYN NG

1.Cc yu cu v cng ngh
1.1.Tng quan v thang my
Thang my l thit b vn ti dng ch ngi v hng theo phng thng ng.N c s
dng rng ri trong cc ta nh cao tng,bnh vin,cng s,cng trnh xy dng,hm
mThang my l mt thit b vn chuyn i hi tnh an ton nghim ngt,do n c lien quan
trc tip n tnh mng v ti sn ca con ngi.Do yu cu chung i vi thit k, lp
t,vn hnh v sa cha l phi tun th nghim ngt cc yu cu v k thut an ton c
quy nh, phi y cc thit b bo v, thit b an ton.
1.1.1.Phn loi
+Phn loi theo chc nng:
-Thang my ch ngi trong cc nh cao tng
-Thang my dung trong cc bnh vin
-Thang my ch hng c ngi iu khin
-Thang my dng trong nh n v th vin
+Phn loi theo trng ti:
-Thang my loi nh Q<160kG
-Thang my trung bnh Q=5002000kG
-Thang my loi ln Q>2000kG
+Phn loi theo tc di chuyn:
-Thang my chy chm v=0.5m/s
-Thang my tc trung bnh v=0.751.5m/s
-Thang my cao tc v=2.5
1.1.2.Cu to chung ca thang my
Cu to chung ca thang my c th hin nh hnh 1.1



2




Hnh 1.1.Kt cu v b tr thit b ca thang my

Cabin 4 c lp trong ging thang 6 v l ni cha ngi hoc hng ha.Cabin chuyn ng
trn cp dn hng thng ng 5 nh c cc b guc trt 9 lp vo cabin.Cp nng 10 c treo
cabin c treo vo tang hoc vt qua puli n cp ca b ti nng 1.i trng 7 c treo trn
cc dy cp i ra t puli dn cp hoc t tang.Bung thang my v i trng khi di chuyn s
trt trn thanh ray dn hng nh cc guc trt.Phn trn ca ging thang thng c lp
bung my 11.trong bung my c lp b ti v kh c iu khin chnh (t phn phi,b hn
ch tc ).Phn di ca ging thang (h ging l khong khng gian t mt bng sn tng
1 cho n y ging) c b tr cc b gim chn cabin v gim chn i trng 8. phn trn
cng v di cng ca ging thang c lp cc b phn hn ch hnh trnh lm vic ca ging
thang
3

trnh trng hp thang b ri khi b t cp,do s c mt in hoc do c cu nng b
hng,trn cabin c lp b bo him.trong trng hp ny, thit b kp ca n s kp vo cc dn
hng v gi cht cabin.B hm bo him thng c dn ng t mt cp ph 3,cp ny vt
qua puli ca b hn ch tc kiu li tm 2.Khi tc bung thang cao hn tc gii hn cho
php th b hn ch tc s phanh puli v lm dng cp.
1.2.Yu cu cng ngh
-m bo an ton :
+Thang my ch vn hnh khi ca tng v ca cabin ng.
+Ca ch m khi cabin dng ng tng
-m bo thang my dng ng v tr
-D iu khin v hiu chnh
1.3.Cc yu cu truyn ng
1.3.1.Tc
Tc di chuyn ca bung thang quyt nh nng sut ca thang my.Vi cc ta nh chc
tri th dng thang my cao tc (v=3.5m/s) l ti u.Tuy nhin tc cao cng ng ngha vi
chi ph cao.Nu tng tc thang my t v=0.75m/s ln 3.5m/s ,gi thnh tng ln 4 n 5
ln.Do ty theo cao ca nh m chn thang my c tc ph hp vi tc ti u.Vi
ta nh 6 tng ta c th chn v=1.5m/s
1.3.2.Gia tc a[m/

]
Tc di chuyn trung bnh ca thang my c th tng bng cch gim thi gian m my v
hm my,tc l tng gia tc.nhng khi gia tc ln s gy cm gic kh chu cho con ngi.Ta
chn gia tc cc i l

1.5m/

1.3.2. dt
git l tc tng gia tc khi m my v tc gim ca gia tc khi hm my.Ni cch
khc dt =da/dt.Vi

1.5m/

th yu cu git khng qu 20m/

Ta c biu lm vic ti u ca thang my tc trung bnh v tc cao c biu din nh
hnh 1.2
4

s,v
O
v,m/s
a
a
t
v
s
a
mo may c.d on dinh
ham xuong
toc do thap
a,
a,m/s
,m/s
Vmin
s : vi tri


Hnh 1.2.Cc ng cong biu din s ph thuc ca qung ng s,tc v, gia tc a v dt
theo thi gian

























5