The origins of the border dispute between Cambodia and Thailand can be traced back

to more than a century. The border dispute should be understood in two phases: the
period between the early 1900s and a 1962 ruling by the International Court of
Justice (ICJ), and the period between the 2006 military coup in Thailand and the
present day.

In the earlier phase of the dispute, the border tension culminated in arbitration at the
ICJ, which ruled in 1962 that, the Temple of Preah Vihear is situated in territory
under the sovereignty of Cambodia. The ICJ came to its decision after reviewing the
1904 Convention and the 1907 boundary treaty between France (then ruler of
Cambodia) and Siam (Thailand), and the work of the mixed Franco-Siamese
Commission for the delimitation of the border, including maps prepared by the same
commission.

Some maps showed that the territory was the Cambodias while some maps
proofed it was the Siam.

Source:
http://muse.jhu.edu/login?auth=0&type=summary&url=/journals/southeast_asian_affairs/
v2013/2013.sothirak.html

Cambodia and Thailand have agreed to maintain peace along
the border regardless of the decision of the International
Court of Justice (ICJ) over territorial dispute near Cambodia's
Preah Vihear Temple.

Cambodia, not Thailand, has sovereignty over a disputed
promontory around a 1,000-year-old temple.

The international court of justice said a 1962 ruling by its
judges gave Cambodia sovereignty over the Preah Vihear
promontory. Thailand will have to withdraw any military or
police forces stationed there.

Source: http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/nov/11/un-
court-cambodia-thailand-border-dispute