1

AE 321 Solution of Homework #1

1(i) (5 points) Substitute the expression of T
ij
in the expression of W

ij ij ij ij kk
ij ij ij kk
E E E E W
E E E W
o
o
+ =
+ =
2
1
) 2 (
2
1

but
jj ii ij ij
E E E = = o

ii kk ij ij
E E E E W
2
1
+ =
The term
ii kk
E E represents the product of two sums, which both are equal to tr[E],
so it can be also written as ( )
2
kk
E . Thus
( )
2
2
1
kk ij ij
E E E W + =
1(ii) (5 points) Substitute the expression of T
ij
in the expression of P

2 2
2 2
( 2 )( 2 )
2 2 4
4 4
kk ij ij kk ij ij
kk ij pp ij ij kk ij ij kk ij ij ij
ij ij kk ij pp ij ij kk ij
P E E E E
P E E E E E E E E
P E E E E E E
o o
o o o o
o o o
= + +
= + + +
= + +

Use the substitutions 3 = =
ii ij ij
o o o and ( )
2
ii kk kk
E E E =

( ) ( )
( ) ) 4 3 ( 4
4 3 4
2 2 2
2 2 2 2


+ + =
+ + =
kk ij ij
kk kk ij ij
E E E P
E E E E P

2.1 (2 points) Notice that the first expression survives only if j i = . Therefore,
3 = =
ii ij ij
o o o or alternatively o
ij
o
ij
= o
jj
= 3.
2.2 (2 points) In the second expression
jk ij
o o becomes:
2

1
1 1 2 2 3 3 2
3
for i=1:
for i=2:
for i=3:
k
ij jk i k i k i k k ik
k
o
o o o o o o o o o o
o
= + + = =
3(i) (5 points)

( ) ( ) ( )
( )
kq jr kr jq iqr ijk
jq kr kq jr jr kq kr jq jr kq kr jq
jq ir ki kq ir ji jr iq ki kr iq ji jr kq kr jq
jq ki kq ji ir jr ki kr ji iq jr kq kr jq ii
kr kq ki
jr jq ji
ir iq ii
iqr ijk
kr
jr kq jq
o o o o c c
o o o o o o o o o o o o
o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o
o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o
o o o
o o o
o o o
c c
o
o o o
=

+ + =
+ + =
+ =
=
3 3
3



3(ii) (3 points) Using the results from (i) and substituting q j =

c
ijk
c
ijr
= o
jj
o
kr
o
jr
o
kj
= 3o
kr
o
kr
= 2o
kr

3(iii) (2 points) Using the result from (ii) and substituting k r = , c
ijk
c
ijr
= 2o
kk
= 6.
Note: The same results would be obtained in (ii) and (iii) if you expand the
original determinant.

4(i) (7 points)

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
i i
ijk j
k i
i i
ijk j kmn m n kij kmn j m n
a b c a b c e a b c e
a b c e a b c e
c
c c c c
(
= =

= =




3
Thus, we have

( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
i i
kij kmn j m n im jn in jm j m n
i i i
j i j j j i j j i j j i
j k i j k i
j k i j k i
a b c a b c e a b c e
a bc a b c e a c b e a b c e
a e c e b e a e b e c e a c b a b c
c c o o o o
(
= =

(
( = =


(
= - - = - -







4(ii) (5 points)
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
i p
i pqr q r
pqr i q r ip
pqr p q r
q qrp r p pqr qrp
m q
m qrp r p
a b c a e b c e
a b c
a b c
b c a
b e c a e
b c a
c
c o
c
c c c
c
- = -
=
=
= =
= -
= -

5a) (3 points)
| |
( ) ( ) ( )
31 22 13 321 32 21 13 312 31 23 12 231 33 21 12 213 32 23 11 132 33 22 11 123
22 31 13 32 21 13 23 31 12 33 21 12 23 32 11 33 22 11
22 31 32 21 13 23 31 33 21 12 23 32 33 22 11
33 32 31
23 22 21
13 12 11
det
A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
A A A
A A A
A A A
A
c c c c c c + + + + + =
+ + =
+ =
=

Given that
ijk
=0 when i=j, j=k, or k=i the above expression can be written in the form:
| |
k j i ijk
A A A A
3 2 1
det c =
5b) (3 points)
4
| |
( ) ( ) ( )
31 13 22 231 32 13 21 132 31 12 23 321 33 12 21 123 32 11 23 312 33 11 22 213
31 13 22 32 13 21 31 12 23 33 12 21 32 11 23 33 11 22
22 31 32 21 13 23 31 33 21 12 23 32 33 22 11
33 32 31
23 22 21
13 12 11
det
A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
A A A
A A A
A A A
A
c c c c c c =
+ + =
+ =
=

Given that
ijk
=0 when i=j, j=k, or k=i the above expression can be written in the form of:

| |
k j i ijk
A A A A
3 1 2
det c =
Similarly
| |
k j i ijk
A A A A
1 3 2
det c =
5c) (4 points)

method 1
Start by adding all the different forms of the determinant of the matrix A:
| |
| |
| |
rk qj pi ijk pqr
k j i k j i k j i k j i k j i k j i ijk
k j i ijk k j i ijk k j i ijk k j i ijk k j i ijk k j i ijk
A A A A
A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
c c
c c c c c c c
c c c c c c
6
1
det
) ( det 6
det 6
1 2 3 321 2 1 3 312 1 3 2 231 3 1 2 213 2 3 1 132 3 2 1 123
1 2 3 2 1 3 1 3 2 3 1 2 2 3 1 3 2 1
=
+ + + + + =
+ + =