REMEMBERING THE KANJI Il systematic guide to reading abanes se characters James W. Heisig©1987 by James W. Heisig All cghts reserved, including the right to reproduce this book or portions thereoin any form without the writen permission ofthe publisher. Published by Jaeay Pusticanions Trabine Co.. Lip. 1-2-1, Sarugaku-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101° Japan First edition, First printing: January 1987 Seventh printing: March 1993, Distributors: Une Srares: Kodansha America, In, though Farrar, Sirs & Cirous, 19 Union Square West, New York, N.Y. 10003 aya: Pishenry & Whiteside Lal, 9! Cranton Drive, pation Hi) Omari. fab 283 uns Tous and Eunomian Connnst: Premier Book Marketing Ld ‘A 1 Gower are London WCIE OHA. it vsraalin and New ZeaLan.Boolwise Intemational, $4 Critenden Road, Findon, South Australia 5023. jer Ra ‘Tay Fax Rast and Jars Japan Publications Trading Co., Lid, 1.2'1, Sarugatu-cho, Givodata, Tokyo, 101 Japan 0987 ISBN 0-87040-748-1 ISBN APAN) 4-88996-003-1 Printed in Japan CONTENTS Introduction PART ONE: Chinese Readings 1. The Kana and Their Kanji 2. Pure Groups 3. One-Time Chinese Readings 4. Characters with No Chinese Readings 5. Semi-Pure Groups 6. Readings from Everyday Words 7. Mixed Groups 8. Readings from Useful Compounds 9, A Potpourri of Readings 10, Supplementary Readings PART TWO: Japanese Readings 11. A Mnemonics for the Japanese Readings INDEXES Index 1. ‘The Signal Primitives Index 2. The Kanji Index 3. Chinese Readings Index 4. Japanese Readings Index 5. Cross-Reference List ie 20 85 89 121 150 198 226 256 295 313 317 328 348 373INTRODUCTION AAs the title suggests, the present book has been prepared as a companion ‘volume to Remembering the Kanji: A Complete Course on How Not to Forget the Meaning and Writing oflapanese Characters. It presumes thatthe mater covered in the first book has already been mastered and concentrates exchi- sively on the pronunciation of the Japanese characters. Those who ap- Proached the study ofthe kanji in a different manner may find what isin these pages of some use, but it has not been designed with them in ming. ‘As I explained inthe Introduction to the former volume, if ts the stu- dent's goal to acquire profiiency in using the Japanese writing system, the entre set of *general-use characters” (7 oF) need tobe leaned. To in- Siston studying them in the order of importance or frequeney generally fl- lowed in Japanese schools is pointless if some other order is more effective as ‘means to that final goal. A moment’ reflection on the matter is enough to Aispose ofthe common bias thatthe methods employed by those who eome 10 Japanese asa foreign language should mirror the methods used by the Japan ese themselves to learn how to read and write. Accumulated experience and ‘education—and in most eases an energetic impatience with one's own ig- norance—distnguish the older student too radically from Japanese school children to permit basic study habits tobe taken aver with only cosmetic changes. A clearer focus on the destination should help the older student chart @ course more suited to his or her time, resources, and learning abiliies—and not just run harder and faster around the same track. Perhaps the single greatest obstacle to taking full advantage of one’s privileged position as an adult foreigner isa healthy fear of imposing alien systems on Japanese language structures. But to impose a system on ways of leaming a language does not necessarily mean to impose a system on the lan- vag itself. To mis this distinction isto rsk condemning oneself to the worst Sorts of ineticiency forthe worst sorts of reasons. Obviously the simplest way to learn Japanese is asthe Japanese them- selves do: by constant repetition, without interference, ina closed cultural en- vironment. Applied tothe Kanji this involves drilling and driling and diling nti the forms and sounds become habitual. The simplest way, alas, i also the most time-consuming and frustrating. By adding a bit of organized complexity to one's study investments, the same level of proficiency can be fined ina fraction of the time. This was demonstrate in the first volume as far as the meaning and writing ofthe characters are concerned. By isolating4 REMEMBERING THE KANUI TL these skils and abstracting from any seationship they have to the rest ofthe language, a firm foundation was laid for the next step, the assignation of sounds of “readings” tothe indWvidual characters. That isthe subject ofthis book. “The earlier volume was described as a “complete course”; the present volume is offered a a “guide.” The differences between the two books are 2s important as the similarities. While both books ae intended to he self-taught and allow individual readers to progress atthe own pace, the former traced cout apath step by sep, in a clearly defined order. Here, hover, the material is presented in such a way that it may be followed frame by frame or may be rearranged freely to suit the particular students needs. The reason js tha the readings of the kanji do not allow for any more than a discontinuous systematization: blocks of repeating patterns and clusters of unpatterned material organized under a variety of rubrics. In fact, the only thing ironclad about the method is the assumption thatthe student already knows what che characters mean and how they are written. Without that knowledge, the systematizaton becomes all but opaque. In any event, it is important to gain some understanding of how the book as a whole is lad out before deciding how best to make use oft. ‘The book falls into two parts of wildly disproportionate length. The first ten chapters cover the Chinese or on readings (& 82); the last chapter, the Japanese or kun readings (33). This should not give the impression that the on readings themselves are so much more difficult than the kun readings, but only that ther systematization requires much more attention. What i ‘more, the method followed in Chapter 11 is closer to that followed in Vol. and can thus be treated in relatively shor shrift. ‘One of te chief reasons for frustration wit the Chinese readings i not that there are so many kanji to read, but that there are so few readings to g0 around, creating a massive confusion of homonyms to the uninitiated, No sooner does one attempt to establish ast of rules to rein in tis phenomenon than exceptions begin to nibble away at one’s principles ike termites until the entire construction begins to look like a colossal waste of efor. ‘True enough, there are exceptions. lot of them. But there is also a teat deal of conssteney which canbe sifted out and structured forthe learn- ing. The principal aim of the fitst ten chapters i to isolate these patterns of consistency and use them fo the fullest, holding brute memory at bay as long as posible. To this end I have introduced what are caled “signal primitives” By this Imean primitive elemens within the written form which signal a particu lar Chinese reading. Since most of these primitive forms were already assigned ‘@ meaning in the first book, the strategy should come as a welcome reli and carry you well ver one-third of your Way through the on readings. Whatever readings fall outside the compas ofthis method are introduced through ava riety of devices of uneven difficulty, each asigned its own chapter. ‘Chapter 1 presents 56 kanji which form the parent-kanji for the forms of INTRoDUCTION 5 the hiragana and katakana syabaties and whose readings are directly related to the modern kana sounds. 49 of them are Chinese readings, 7 are Japanese. Chapter 2 covers a large group of characters belonging to “pure groups” in which the presence of a given signal primitive entails a uniform sound. ‘Chapters 3 presents the small group of kanji whose readings are not homonyms and may therefore be learned in conjunction with a particular ‘character. Chapter 4, conversely, lists characters with no on reading. ‘Chapter 5 returns to the signal primitives, this time gathering together those groups in which a signal primitive entails a uniform sound—but with Single exception to the pattern, These are called “semi-pure" groups. Chapter 6 brings together readings drawn from everyday words, all or nearly all of which should have been learned during the course of a general introduction to Japanese conversation. Allowing for occasional slight shifts of ‘meaning from those assigned the kanji in the fist volume, the only work that remains to be done is to see how Japanese puts the pieces together to crea new meanings. Chapter 7 returns one final time to the use of signal primitives, picking ‘up what characters can still make use of the device and subdividing them into three classes of “mixed-groups” where a given primitive elements can signal ‘wo or more different sounds. Chapters 8 and 9 follow the pattern of Chapter 6, except that the com Pounds will be less familiar and require learning some new vocabulary. The only thing these kanji have in common is that they do not belong to any natu- ral phonetic group. The most useful compounds are presented in Chapter 8, ‘The generally less useful compounds of Chapter 9 are all introduced with ex- planatory comments. Chapter 10 is a wastepaper basket into which I have thrown the remain- {ng readings: uncommon, rare, or generally restricted to proper names, All the kanji from Chapters 1 through 10 are arranged in a frame of un- iform design (see Figure 1 below). Taken together, they cover the entire range of on readings established as standard by Japan's Ministry of Education, Five Indexes have been added to facilitate reference and review. Index 1 lists all the signal primitives, arranged according to number of strokes, and Chinese inert crosseference Frage no, reading ccosgeteronce ool JL Pe aa a 1s | A A vutgK, —_commonptaesorinary crema proinciaion ning of sempound tf campound ompound Figure 16 REMEMBERING THE KANJI IL the frame in which they first appear. Index 2 presents a listing of all the kanji treated in this and the former volume, arranged according to the number of strokes. Index 3 lists in syllabic order, all the on readings, their respective ‘kanji, and the number oftheir respective frames. Index 4 list all the kurt read- {ngs and their respective kanji. Together these two indexes constitute a com- plete dictionary of readings for the general-use kanji, Index 5 follows the frame sequence ofthe first book, giving the kun readings and the frame(s) in Which the or reading is introduced inthis book. ‘The frames have been arranged to facilitate reviewing : if you block out everything to the right of the compound used as an example, the student is able to run a simple self-test from time to time. For more thoroughgoing review, the flashcards that were prepared according to the design given in ‘Chapter 5 of the first volume can be completed, with the aid of the Indexes, ‘A complete explanation is provided in Chapter 11 ‘Although the principles that govern the structure of this book will become clearer as the student grows more familiar with the content, there are a few points that seem worthy of mention at the outset. They represent both the courtesies I paid my own memory in learning to read Japanese and the pitfalls watched fellow students fall into following other methods. AS time goes on, You mayor may ot choose to follow them, bu at east you should know what they a First, relating one compound to another by means of similarities of sound is to be avoided at any cost. It merely clutters the mind with useless in- fotmation, The fact that the two syllables sensei can mean teacher (3) or astrology (é5 #8) or despotism (4 il) or oath (Gz), depending on the kanji assigned fo them, may come as such a surprise that you are tempted to make some use of the coincidence. Resist the temptation Second, itis best not to try to learn on and kun readings at the same time for the same character. The idea of “conquering” a character in its entirety wll be supported by nearly every textbook on the kanji you pick up, butis nearly as mistaken as trying to learn to write and read the kanji at the same time. Once you have learned the general-use characters, you will have a ‘much better base from which to learn the meaning, writing, and readings of new characters en bloc as you meet them. Until then, cling to the Caesarean principle of “divide and conquer.” ‘Third, with few exceptions, it seems preferable to learn the several pos- sible Chinese readings ofa given character as they come up, in isolation from fone another. When second or third readings appear, reference (0 earlier frames will inform you of the fact. You will no doubt notice that the quickest ‘way to complete the information on your flashcards isto rush to Index 5 and stat filling them in. If you do, you might end up witha tidy set of cards that INTRODUCTION 7 fare no longer of any use for review, or else find yourself reviewing what you haven't yet studied. In either case, you would be sidestepping the entire meth- od on which this book is based. Be sure to read the instructions on pages 297-298 before doing anything with your cards. Fourth, certain Japanese sounds undergo phonetic alterations when set ‘alongside other sovinds. For example, — 2 — 2k = sis read ippon, nikon, sambon, the syllable “hon being like a chameleon that changes to suit its en- vironment, Some of these alterations are regional, some standard. In any case, they are best learned by trial-and-error rather than by a set of rules that is, ‘more complex than its worth. Fifth, aword about Chinese compounds (#8, Lv ¢ €). With a grain fof salt, one might compare the blend of Japanese (kurt) and Chinese (on) words to the blend of Anglo-Saxon and Latin-Greek words in English. Gen- erally, our words of Anglo-Saxon root are richer in meaning, vaguer, and ‘more evocative than those of Latin-Greek root, which tend to precision and clarity. For instance, the word “glass” can suggest a whole range of possible images and meanings, but as soon as we substitute its Latin equivalent, “yittine,” we have narrowed it down to a more concrete meaning. The presence of Chinese words (generally a compound of two or more on readings) in Japanese performs a similar nartowing, specifying function, while the native Japanese words reverberate wider and deeper meanings. In the same way that we combine Anglo-Saxon words with Latin-Greek words (for example, in the term “fiberglass”), Japanese will occasionally mix om and kurt readings in the same compound. Asa rule, I have avoided these in the ex cemplary compounds. The order of preference in choosing examples was ‘oughly as follows: (1) a compound that includes a reading appearing in a pre- vious frame; (2) a compound in ordinary use; (3) a compound that uses a reading to appear soon after the frame in question; (4) the most common or instructive compound; (5) a name of a person or place; (6) rare or archaic compounds. The student is encouraged to substitute familiar compounds at any time for the examples I have chosen. ‘Sixth, the use of signal primitives demands the same rigor applied to primitive elements in Vol I. Where a single jot or title of difference is pres- tet, the element is excluded. Additional attention will have to be paid to the ‘position ofthe primitive, which was not important in the earlier book. ‘Seventh, T would register a plea against trying to begin with the two volumes of Remembering the Kanji at the same time. I wash my hands (or as Japanese would have it, my feet) of all responsibility for the results. That hav- ing been said, there is no reason that these pages cannot be used in conjunc tion with a set of graded readers. I would only advise that you begin this after having worked your way through Chapters 2 and 5. The benefit of such an ap~ proach is that it enables you to take full advantage of the grammatical and ‘vocabulary drills that such readers provide. At the same time, the commonly heard advice about learning characters “in context” is one that is not as8 REMEMBERING THE KANII IL sensible as it sounds. Even if I learn the English word “troglodytic” in sentences such a3 “I can trace my ancestors back to the troglodytic age” or “There's a family of troglodytes in my tool shed,” the word still needs to be learned in the first place. New Japanese vocabulary falls on the foreign ear with much the same impact—totally unrelated to anything we already know. ‘The benefit of a context is that it enables one to drill a number of words and assimilate something of how they relate to one another grammatically and ‘connotatively. Context defines the finer nuances that usage and tradition have affixed to the kanji, but the compounds themselves still need to be learned, For this reason, students who wish systematically to make their way through this book frame by frame need not trouble themselves over the absence of context provided they do not abandon all reading practice in the process. Eighth and finally, a vigorous warning against the use of roma in learn= ing to read Japanese kanji. Get the idea out of your mind that the Roman al- habet is a “crutch” to help you hobble along until you master the hiragana And katakana syllabaties. Its nothing of the kind. I is rather a low and self- inflicted amputation that will leave you crippled forthe rest of your Japanese- reading years. Not only does the Roman alphabet inflict quirks on your pro- ‘nunciation, it cultivates a systematic bias against the kana that gets harder and harder to uproot. Be patient with the kana, and never write Roman let- ters underneath them. The stricter you are in expelling all romaji from your study of Japanese words, the quicker you will ind that Roman letters become an obstacle to reading and writing, which they are for the Japanese and should be for anyone learning the language. ‘The manuscript of this book was completed in December of 1977 and pri- ‘ately circulated in the spring ofthe following year under the title Adventures in Kanji-Land, Vol Il: A Guide to Reading Japanese Characters. 1 decided to {ssue it in a new edition at this time because of the many letters I received ‘rom those who had found profit in Remembering the Kanji and were anxious ‘to know how further to systematize their study ofthe kanji. [tis my hope that ‘these pages will go some way towards answering that request. {only remains for me to express my thanks to Sasabe Midori Ye * a £h, to Akiko S47 , and Sasaki Hirofomi ti 248 5 , who worked zeal. ously to prepare the Indexes and set the Chinese characters, and to the Japan Publications Trading Company for their continued interest and support. Nagoya, Japan James W. Heisig 25 October 1986 Part One CHINESE READINGSChapter 1 The Kana and their Kanji ‘The two Japanese syllabaries known as hiragana and katakana (or collectively, as the Kana) originated as stylized versions of Chinese characters used to represent the sounds of Japanese without any reference to the original meaning of those characters. In modern Japanese not all ofthe kana retain the sound of their parent-kanj, but there are a number that do, whether as kun-yomi or on-yomi, which makes learning their reading almost automatic. Many of the calligraphic transformations will be immediately apparent, while others require some experience in Chinese calligraphy. For these later, hand- drawn characters have been inserted. ‘The letters “HI” and "K,” set off in parentheses and inserted in the location of the internal cross-reference numbers, indicate whether the ‘an in the frame is parent to hiragana or katakana or both. ‘To make a representative listing, it has been necessary to include a ‘number of rare exemplary compounds and compounds that mix on and Jur readings. These deviations have been indicated in each ca Despite these difficulties, the frames presented in this brief initial chapter are worth studying carefully before moving on to the simpler ‘material in the next chapter. ‘As stated in the Introduction, o7-yamt are listed in katakana and skun-yomi in hiragana, a convention commonly observed in Japanese dictionaries. In the ease of kua-yomi, the reading of the kanji is often accompanied by an inflection called okur-gana (2 b (3 &), which ‘modern Japanese writes with hiragara. = = 28 2 jl tern second-generation (Japanese) = z & 1086 3 aoe three-year old child; tripletsREMEMBERING THE KANH IL (HK) 951,20342162 98 . aM ema gsc + ‘ won) 0 4 Fa bet ‘Kuril Islands, north of Japan ze | ¢ ’ anes ” 5 te Bo Tight and left; on both sides RIE (un 2037 ur RE noA uneasiness. 6 ‘The katakana form comes from the first 2 strokes only. Ae * (tm 1583 28 7 | BR eh gen % , 6 108 8 Be LED — moreorless gl) G+ ass 1s 9 mA DLA an acquaintance Al ) (HK) 236 996 AAFS 525 — tomkemeot 10 ‘The kana forms come from the right side of the kanji. Vofws 4 oy 1028 rr | BE E29 atovermore chan ‘THE KANA AND THEIR KAN B Z Ala 8 ug 236 7 np | te ~we peace HB | £3 ~ (eux) 1080 184s we Ne 100m 13. | The kana forms come from the riht side ofthe kant HH | Ww os (VK) 1006,1345,2163 1105 8 b 4 Bb reason; origin oe ” «96 168 he BK metempsychosis The katakana form comes from the last two strokes ofthe kanji ‘only. The reading ofthe parent-kanjt is rare, aside rom Bud- hist terms like the one given here. % (HK) 997 ieee security; keeping the peace The hiragana form is based on the entire Kant; the katakana 16 | _comeson fram the last 4 strokes. H)@ » 9 19 as v | #8 absence (rom home or work) wm) (3 a es ans 13 | HR CAME radio waves electric waves K , 1150 120 Ak bak ane 19. | _ the erample combines on and kun readings4 REMEMBERING THE KAN TL Jk é vig 1354 a0 ES ERS —tostopchatt 20 | The katakana comes fom the fist wo sakes lt | © (UR) 346 a7 a | ER OK comparison a GH 1144 Pa oo | BE Le wartor KID = Hh 1566 396 a ‘The example isan old word rarely used today, as isthe reading. lye Rg = = a dr] & = (uy raz 325 ae be oneself the self ‘The kana forms come from te fst 2 strokes ofthe parent. ae ” (eK) 788 867 MA —-#IC®D admission (to a group) The katakana is based on the lft side ofthe kan ony >) 4 wa 8 fh ton conduct; actions deeds 5s em) 6 BR Eko ‘ruling political party The katakana comes from the bottom half ofthe Kani. ‘THE KANA AND THEIR KAN 15 x a (117) 139 ur RE ld name for Tokyo 28 Only the right half of the kanjt is used for the kana. ae | * (HIK) 300 1381 a9 | SRB maK geometry ae | > | F ’ aw) 1656 ee Does cosmos; universe 30 | ‘Te katakana comes fom te first 3 strokes ofthe kanji nly. Bsn zg am A) 1559 2 612 foe bk ‘wisdom 31 | The hiragana in question i of, course, the old fom. = (HH 235,2056 988 LEP ICD GA, Budanist temple gate with 32 fer Deva Kings {ft 4 w Mot eA ORD tay Oni the eft side of he kai used 0 form the atakana The exemplary compound isradona use, Neve Japenese 33. | beers couse katana forthe namesof Westen counts. z/ 3 y cw nu ja | BRR LEO cima ike ne Kani 2), AA x «© mms BA ho DF —_ Japs teapot 35__| The katakana comes fm the snzaon of th rit side16 REMEMBERING THE KANJI IL ‘THE KANA AND THEIR KANII vv Az f (HK) 1638,2157 1016 a | AR < (curname) i & (K) 707.951 1806 Hee a 44 | Thetatakana based on this characteris used rarely nowadays. gs annus He (Ce (surname), ‘The hiragana form is based on the final 3 strokes of the Kani ‘The readings of both characters inthe exemplary compound are | O © (ix) (2209) 6865, BARR Oren (place name) 36 | The katakana comes from the fist stroke ofthe kan R/F 4, wm) 1094 mA kb (olaas name) 37 | Thekatakanais based on he ist 2 strokes ony tH, (HK) 1290 tosh ate ete (man’s name) 38 | TWis character appeared ts Vol. only as aprimiave (p17). e % a (HK) cod web hot Japanese bath 39_| The katakana uses ont the fst 3 stoke ofthe kan. a » cx) ROS Bd in; at The katakana form is based on the left side of the kanji only. ‘The character jeauured here did not appear i Vol. J, but ts pri- itive elements should be easy to recognize. a * «6 an ak (sumame) ‘The katakana form ts based on the fist 2 stokes of the Kanji. This character, extremely rare in modem Japanese, Was not intro- duced in Vol. 1 45 | rare, except fornames. al? > eo 52 168 as | RR 8S (place name) WW | AR a (ark) 191 702 em one (womame) The katakana form is clearly drawn from the right side of the ani ony. The reading of the parent-kanjt is rare, exept for 47 | _propernames. | 2 2 (ag) 1190 501 em te (umame) The reading show here is used only in names. Note that the 48 | reading combines kun and on readings. 42 a a Ky ae a® Jow-ranking Shinto priest ‘The katakana form is based on the left side ofthe kanil only. This exiremely rare character di not appear in Vol. I. Of the 48 kanji given above, a number were indicated as having rare readings ot readings chiefly used in proper names. Those that happen to be general~use Kanji will be assigned more common readings in later chapters, as you will notice from the inclusion of an internal cross- reference number.18 REMEMBERING THE KANII IL ‘We now turn to kanji whose readings differ from the pronunciation of the kana which they serve as parent-kanji by virtue of an extra syllable which is present in the kanji but not in the kana that comes from it. We begin with 3 characters whose readings lengthen the vowel of the kana syllable, making ita diphthong. at Ao = 4g | HR Om < —seeme; plan Fe = any 503 1s so | = bob blanket #L | Ht us (aK) 2118 1087 RA L2n% ——discourtesy;impoliteness SI The hiragana form is based on the whole kanji, the katakana on the right side only, Like the last 3 frames, the kanji in the following 5 frames share in ‘common the fact that their readings add a final syllable A, which is absent in their kana pronunciation, Ba BALA a/K) 38 190 peace of mind 4/3 toa a as 3 | TH FAMED measurement KT ae HK a8 sa | RB TASK heaven: praise ‘THE KaNA AND THEIR KANI » mK wy w 189 ee aA valk stroll 55 | Thekatokana cames from the fiat 3 stoke of the kan a | ay 0277 402 at BAD (place name) 56 | this readings rare, even i place names. ‘The list of characters treated above does not cover all the kana, nor does it begin to include all the possible alternative kanji that have served the function now restricted to the kana. Unless you plan to start penning waka and haiku poems in the classical style, the 56 characters Of this chapter should more than suffice as a background to the ‘relationship between the kanji and the kana.Chapter 2 Pure Groups Pethaps the easiest groups of character-readings to learn are those that share common on readings by virtue of the presence of a common primitive clement, called here a signal primitive because it “signals” a particular sound for each character in which it appears. ‘To learn how these signal primitives function, let us begin with a con- crete example. rf peo » ze sy | 8 P85 china ‘As you learned in Vol. I, the character in the previous frame serves as ‘a primitive element in a number of other characters with the meaning of “in” Conveniently, it also provides those characters with a common on- yom, namely F =. In other words, each time you see this primitive element, you can be sure what the Chinese reading will be. Among all, the Kanji treated in Vol. I, there are three characters that fit this pat- tern, All you need do to learn them is to recognize them as possessing the signal primitive. B ree on sg | 8% — BO9T6 admonition; warning = yar 138 so | MR we SCA, ascendancy rising to the sky PURE GROUPS 2a th par 956 0 far bw dm agency; mediation ‘There are other “pare goups”—and these ar eat the majorty—in Which the signal primitive is not itself a kanji, or at least not one in- cluded in the list of those we studied. In these cases, the signal primi: tive is set off immediately to the right of the Kanji treated in the frame. An example follows immediately ‘Unless some other explanation is given, the use of proper names for exemplary compounds is meant to indicate that this reading is used ex- clusively oF chietly for names in modern Japanese aii | * on 1999 a | =a TAR shop; store #il * 1840 62 | MBS FEE BA a CGnancia) subsidy ai 1897 63 bh ie (surname) i © wwe Pe ‘The size of particular “pure groups” varies. Some are as large as 8, others as small as 2. Since the larger groups are, obviously, easier to learn, we begin with those containing 4 or more kanji. Be careful to note the special conditions that occasionally accompany the signal primitives.2 [REMEMBERING THE KAN II tae 1920 6 Cie Leber company president oe tae 1921 66. | 2H LO SED eeaphatis insistence the ta 12 67 | 9 29529 bankbook: passbook We tae 1923 68 we "£5525 swelling; inflation tt 7 1000 69 Ne oe an allowance; grant iy 7 1002 m0 Be ede government F 2 1001 n | #8 se5 cipher; mark; symbol Dt 7 1303 tt BEA ‘This characteris still widely used today as an altemative to that 72 | _ im Prame 69, as the exemplary compound above illustrates. 1 7 1073 pn | =e bom bean curd; tofu =! Pune Grours 2 38 * 641 4 | HD social duty; obligation 3 * ow 75 |e bbe secting conference fe * as 16 | RR Re stiqutte; courtesy R ¥ 6s 7 [me own saciice a 4 54 1534 qe |B BORA soung man youn hi “4 1325 1535 a9 | LA mind:pyete ia 44 15% 1539 ay [MR ENED deandeaniness Hi “4 1528 1538 gi | HR BUA earshies iif 4 8341529 1540 {ME FHL a standstill4 REMEMBERING THE KANILTT ml 0 + my 136 a3 | MLAB pplication; petition he fi “4 1530 1537 eq | MM ite air, appearance i = 5 gs | EA cea 5 people & a 7 a | BA ELA we [rare] i 4 * a 37 | RR we resolve; preparedness + a7 ag | BAA IPAS sapanese language A ited 502 37 ay | FA CCA ite popes Caucasians iA ae 17 6 Wott< ——anightsstay 3H ag mm we Bote’ tobe tense; be imminent PURE GROUPS 25 dh a? 2044 652 on | BE ASLO applause Hil n> 1869 93 | MRR LK SLOA imported goods {4 ne 967 og | BM BK BOD wbeequalto;beamateh for & f Al xo gs | 2% BPBEP chentnite deme Hd *D se o5 | BM C2IED cannon id ae 3 op | Rm FNS bubbles: foam ta ais og | 788 nursing: care fe so oo | compatios fellow countrymen ft mo 1480 1 | @% BOLE saturation[REMEMBERING THE KaNo1 IT pao 1530 yor | PMSA ETA. daughter young gi oe 7 Mi — C29 comesion; compromise yoo 1529 3 | #8 9 ELED — thesol ed a9 = 10¢ | BR Er 9-25 brewing dsitaton Wy » 3 10s | mH = HOD possi i fr » 10 105 | REF BHAC geometry tit a 1013 107 | 8% — Loom ——shippng:consignment Bid 2 49 tos | BE = E92 — shoot ong any » 109 | wl taka, Pure Grours n 1b a 1563 1008 MH AS chemistey The signal primitive must stand alone, with nothing tits right, 110 | in onder to cary the sound, te » 1009 im | PRA flower bed; flower garden H ” 1010 a2 | #® #82 freight Mt » 1994 aoe shoemab is | 2® hoemaking ale ao Ise 6 AL LAZS —— manmade The signal primitive n this group must assume a “prominent ‘postion’ im the character im onder fo eamy the sound with i When iis tucked away ina commer of the character as a minor 114 | elementasin the kanjt i lses tha fection wy 29 2193 83 ais | BH HTD success K a9 330 1g | 9% EAED field ofspeciatization a 29 (28) 19 cH be seneral public28 REMEMBERING THE KANT TL aL 2 2200 135s tig | BE E95 * —colackytea 29 2 BG ORC itemeclause a0 2094 at yoy | RR EPMA services contbation ty a na wi | RE eS technique; sil ¥ 1863 1a | MRE LOL chairperson; emcee ’ 1865 am he song iyries 2 1866, re | Lc to breed raise fal] y 1868 1s | me Les ‘fo wait upon; pay respects to ii ¥ 1867 16 | WFO LL heir; successor Pure Grours ~ B ay an 127 | Brom A — teacher: profesor & wy 13 1g | PH HAD ‘administration; management ai ay bn qo | BR MALS hearse a ay a 130 | SE ADE dD superintendent ofa building i | ay 1614 1 | HFS GAEL — tweconomize Be ae ass = 32 | BR LA test; examination we +s vo 133 | BR EDA adventure te ny ws 134 | HE FAR inspection Rl) ry an 135 | MH FRED Japanese “way ofthe sword”REMEMBERING THE KAN IT PURE Grours 31 TBR = 593 136 | RE BK narcoties If . ws 137 | RRR FCA BD skyscraper i ~ so 38 | He | At ‘rinding; polishing Wi, * 2m wo | RH 9 tbe witch aes y 319 vo | + Lae commissioned officer tk y zn 90 ta | He LoL attendance (at work) oe aS y 0 12 | +e FAL small token (of gratitude) ote iit y on v3 | MH | FOL magazine iA vy 7 ug | LAxt\. application; petition ve un 1119 vas | MA BLA ind poche 4 wy us 146 | (AR LAS £9 elongation; extension if yy 1361 yay | ME LAL gentleman aH ja y 1716 mm tLe organization 148 | The signal primitive must appear on the right, alone. il , 179 ug | BH tA ancestors tl y ims 130 | BR teh taxation HL ? wm isl | MRE 422 crude; shabby BEL » 1780 2 | Mb tL obstruction; hindrance 1K | & A 131 153, | Tht ed — lowclass32 REMEMBERING THE KAN TL HE +4 tax tsa | XH lOc yandtargs othe mest part ica 4 1a3s 155 | we Bc doromorite sea ah a4 1841 iso | MM «LCS pterestence ial | $4. 4n 1s7 | #8 TRAD aps fitting ite rs 4s 158 ie tab ‘enemy territory, Wi av 280 0 gs | EM Rhee pesnomeoram ii a st 160 a Lte i a an a" eck «BHR fie | a4 on Z Auten tcl; thee tines 162 The signal primitive must stand to the right, alone, Pure Grours Se aA an 163 oe Bers ‘nurture; cultivate bie i ved 1299 164 RTS Mees ¢ ‘dine with a superior Ske “4 76 165 1 Weerd compensation; indemnity. “f ay 1180 1202 Ba ABA half 166 | The signa primitive must stand clear on ts ov Hy ay 178 05 167 | RAC indgment mE ay us 1204 ficg | MIF IRA, kes; ong ake F ae ‘179 1203, 169 Fee ESA company; companion at | ® a9 1816 1 | He tk lecture HE 2 1818 im | ae ED organization; structureREMEMBERING THE KANII IL 2° 1817 m2 mA cows purchase; buying, i 20 1819 13 HAM — Fc 5 waterway; drainage ditch ce] 2» un 174 | MIR 99H egal circles; judicial workd fi 9 1176 as | xi Hut ——watertank if 9 um 176 | BB EICD — anencounter iw 9 us 177 | Blame 9 seacariage; maine transport i i | & > 289 17g | #8 LOD exports thi CU) = 628 in | ame woe pleasure; joy a = 382 180 aie Brow ‘an instructor Pure Growrs 35 a 2 207 1g1 | A Se conglutinaton; heating up ‘The above group of 125 kanji with their on readings represents by far the easiest treated in this book. Still, itis important to master them well before moving on, if for no other reason than to make sure you. have understood what signal primitives are and how they work. ‘When you ate reviewing (see Introduction, p. 6), do so only from the compound (not the character) to the reading and meaning—not in the ‘opposite direction. And remember not to clog your memory with use- Jess information (for example, which signal primitives share the pro- nunciation % #). Once you are confident of your progress so far, You «an go on to the next group of 114 Kanji. They are also of the “pure” type, but number only 3 toa group. ve am Je LO red vermin) brash ve s10 WRI etbe special; particular ve 258 J LAe® pearl : - Mm Bae 6 gs | #2 EOD dissemination Uy nae oo 186 BR #9 Ld toabsorb36 REMEMBERING THE KANT IL ca se9 1353 ts7 | BH = COBO toparade; high quality # + 9 m3 ig | #0 be wisdom i + 1683, igo | a bb {fool (especially an erotic one) 7 a = m4 190 be trod supreme wisdom ® ” 702 ie enw aeime r 703 Ba es anger; indignation ® 865 KH eor effort; exertion 7K mA 132 194 BO RRA eternity vk =4 136 195 ai THA ‘swimming PURE GROUPS 24 us 196 cag Aine composing a song or poem: mE | yy 1039 u97 toy | RR BAH fountain tot oe 1199 198 wet BAL righteous indignation a zy 1198, 199 | ®@ EA mus od ural grounds & a s 1997 200 | RR ERK gods: dapein 7 1898 ame co< ‘amusement; entertainment : 1899 Bw ch misunderstanding mi | ny 1825 cbs AALeS editing a 1923 aS AIT A bias8 REMEMBERING THE KANN TL Pune Grours » i ay 124 HE 7 00 2s | | BAK universal arg | BBE PT schoo grounds campus wi a oe 1606 a oi 1093 206 | Be £9015 voting rel aa — aay age od en blows tome ith a na92 207 bleaching 26 ae mood ina whirlpool fe 1608 “ need +h a 91 8 ES) ae : 217 ae thas ¢ fortune and misfortune ie |= ari 1389 209 | #% van kindness and love om aig | oH 89 amo number iy, 1390 = 20 | BR ba magnetism ay 192 5 a9 | wf Bh donation cca 2 1388 ee brs ‘nourishr Ee 2u rishment Say ms 1981 a | RE BL ight SE 7A 8 — 212 tHe Leos appearance in court dt je ae 506 Sa ES ES mine shaft He a4 1876 221 ee DATH a fleet a 213 Se ait 25 1870 we cob ‘sea voyage; crossing the ocean 222,40 REMEMBERING THE KANJI TL PURE GROUPS a Ea 29 68 BR nao 935 mag | MRFS CHES — ovens Agheaprinst a EB 856 = = 1 2 m | BA giant +: este — eweive iB +e 887 = 355 ns | #8 Bro denial; rejection ABA HARA ¥20,000 EB +. nat fe = 52.2086 98 m5 | FM BED itane aas | GEM (C964 temple gate with Deve Kings id 29 te Al y 0 906 227 | it DAES — dryness 236 | An prs to make use of i a mR yy om aR y 907 2g | mere Z5L~d — topilotioperate oan DRA theatrical world a 2» uss Hf » 1687 29 | Meat wnt seaweed ng | FH wo diarrhea e wae sn ‘fhe | yao vv07 230 BR E95 ®w5 demand; request 239 | wim BAD ED — bureaucracy BM wep = %E yee 1708 BOR Od ambulance g bro lormitory superintendent 231 Bed 80>: ambu may | Re E25 dormitory sperincend249 2 REMEMBERING THE Kant I aE yao 1709 241 re D9 £9 — medical care; recuperation HR o ms 242 Re Mato ‘working a mine 3 vA m™ 243 | BE 28h ‘vegetables eZ a 4 174 nag | BEFS SELEC tocolorin: pant Fé “ey 1833 28 mas | RE BA teacher ve Le a nas | BH BRL carwash BE ey 20 may | RR EAT ——pigiron wi vy 1502 zag | FP LAA newspaper i yy 1503 tr LAT fuel and water Pore Grows e BM wy 1504 a9 | RR Laat kin thoi = fe vy 1148 251 BA LAic wd ‘invasion m a 1109 as2 | BK LA+e — flooding @ e = 10 253 ee LAL® ‘bedroom Te vee 433 asq | XH BAL 9 asentence (of wing) We vay ms 255 Re Or5L45 commendation bie - os 256 | RE Lr > C —— Japanese sliding paper windows dn yao ee] ay | #H ALD sameottapns tn nd oH Ee 25g | RAM FB the 6 continents“ REMEMBERING THE KANILI PURE Grours s iat va? 32 ‘i yo ons 259 | SMFS $909 retort; repartee 268 ECA aspect facet ak 9 a a4 1099 109s 269 | EX — E97 grandeur; magniteence 269 | RR E27 taking sens: change oe ve a a4 im ao | BH X2E9 reo vita 20 | st kink loamlending Se : cos 2» 2138 8 #& aa 1006 262 | MH CED esate an | 8% 9A mall pouct; maog 4H v9 15652068 9 A nA 1020 263 | #8 EDA consutation am. | BCR 65% 2<~ A.B.C(old enumeration) bs ” 200 wo i “ wat 254 | BM LD thought; thinking a3 | i BINH arrogance 7 7 fi oo 2% cl] ay ss 1682 ass | RE 90% rontdamage a4 | RA Leth es A » 8 we |e zy 56 4 ee as | *R | AHRA teri iy ye ia Bal ay 585 267 | BE ESD D surveying fathoming 276 | MB = CRA apanese) garden46 ReNeMBERING THE KARI TT Pure Grovrs ” Eg zy aos tk ~ ou 27 aya Pah wild monkey 286 cae toto obliteration Ht eae 24 a ,; ass a | we Lauer 9 seedsand seedlings 237 | Be ESL the gis; essentials ca fi eae om 48 y 69 279 | at TAO ED — asketch; profile 2sg | a Les suidance Siti eae 244 Nit y 486 230 | at Bord — peteat 2g9 | mini Liz fat R » 1833 s WWE | * 58 1265 21 | #0 bts ahome 290 | ae ao & 29 straits; sounds channel KR » sa Be ee 1266 282 TS Chi lay the blame (on someone) 291 | we = Ake NNTOWMinded KK > a HK ae 161 293 | me ES ‘operation (of a factory); work 292 | ®® BLOF catchinacrossfire a oy 2166 a it | 8 ae @ 234 | HAE FD plain; coarse 23 | ie Cord — itonbridge Kk ~ 218 co woe 21 2gs | tik (2922 bubbles; foam 294 | ME BDV reform; correction[REMEMBERING THE KANITT 1G xis 60 205 an boerd affable; charming ‘Having completed the larger of the “pure groups,” we now come to the ‘more difficult: those with only 2 kanjl. Despite the fact that the groups are small, useful That i notre learning them by means oftheir signal primitives wll come in later, once you have left the confines of the general-use kanji isto say, many of the signal primitives we are learning here ace stricted (o the characters we treat = we 144 ea BAK record; annals P ik ae 2191 137 297 | BH KL rd verdiris; green rust Ju ay 92 2 29g | RB BALD — NewYear'sDay mt ay a 299 | BH | AL stubborn; hardheaded a & * » 1381 300 ee aba geometry i * 1382 301 te the ‘opportunity. PURE GRouPs 7 Hat oy Fs 302 | BR MCD doredom th ” swt 303. | Fi | S86 > Workinga mine; mining B® seo » 304 | 82 & £9. EC cooperation @ ae m 305 | #BTS B94 — toblackmail; threaten |e 4% new 306 | HA | EDH% — sumtota & Do w zor | REED alumni ug fe Su a jog | BHR LDH singing is veo n 309 | xB | SLE d cystal a on 310 | BH CAL Maina spy0 REMEMBERING THE KAN IL Pure Grours st sy 398 “7 1802 oe DEA Aisapproval; denial aig | RR KES explosion Bi 7A 55 a * 8 312 | AM TED chastys “honor” 30 | RR SEA atventwe 1H i 74 ss ha *o 08 313. | AT seouting an | ®F SL hateap ra Ke vy 2 190 *7 1794 gig | HG BALA peace of heart a me me = 322 | _Fustperson personal pronoun for boys and men. my, ae ais | #8 BAT guiding; information Be we 1793 33 | PR KES ddingtodeatn 1% ay ns > 316 | RR oR Felling trees deforestation aK mB ims 304 | MR EM lscourtesy i ae 169 : 317 | RM IE liquefaction BE 7 14 325 | Ma Hieln (theatre) stage a “ep 1045 101 = 31g | #% HES isclonine; uncovering, i +P ia BE FBC domestic animals2 [REMEMBERING THE KANE PURE GRours s - Pea aE Ko 8 327 eeu &¢ TAS — storage battery cell 335 HATS LED to direct; give guidance f ae ss7 ke yp 1m 328 ae L292 9 symbol 336 | FE att insufficiency fee re a8 fe ye a0 g29 | RR 5eED —ascnary sein; punishment 337 | eure ZC LA oPromote: advance a geo 2 K ¥ 0 330 | BR BDL E breakfast jag |e vas 0 i 499 ut fk 4 1476 331 | BR FA S29 — hightide 339 | mee starvation; famishing iy ate 1615 i) ? 1786 332 aoe automobile 34 | #2 bed dissemination (i) : a Ky 1678 ier 3 1787 333 | 4 BD ES tabor 3a. | oem Bode ‘a musical score wy i ry 137 m JL ~ 196 a 3g | RH HES the Japanese “way of flowers” gaa | AM RA preface to abook5 [REMEMBERING THE KANDI TL HL = os 34g | AR LARA, sailing vest WE Vie i 1040 344 | SMe aAw money; coin ME si 104 jas | HAs evihabuse te e a a7 ee Bee comparison 346 ‘The signal primitive must stand alone, nothing above or below it. a 2 ww 347 | att OBA criticism ee 1st 348 UB Me ada obsequious; sneaky te e 1512 an inscription on a monument 349 | BS oe an epitaph e & aA ns an inseription on a monument; 350 | me Oo ‘an epitaph une Grours x % a4 2101 mm 351 | #4 wow famous we |* od 1563 asp | WA DTD stesttching aig - 02 353, ee TORS lofty peak ul *o » 354 ax ODS friend; companion Hi eb mm 355, Ae Rod collapse # = 156 356 | RMP S O15-£9 YO moUNE(apicture oF hanging) the ee 1s 357, te Ebro ‘sandbag; sum6 ring. tat 4 ce 358 ne ven company officer (of lower rank)56 REMEMBERING THE KANMCIL PURE GRours 7 Hs 4 1096 fits de 1166 359 | BR MBA solace: comfort jor | BE EP Confucianism ae 149 382 fe ya? 2001,2207 7 360 | BH ED 8A famiycrest aoe | #HTS CooL — lobeenaged in BE gae 383 Hit Pao 1338 ‘lock; counter for tables (of BRIS ZFC — topilot;manipulate 3a | & Gr medicine) ‘ 263 - : a” Re] on ws ap oe = 362 | BMPS Crd Le — toboard (a train, car) go | BE bec bd piece ctapmte team 4 bs 1 a be a Py | Se ees ar | (EEE OC ipenes: mauity oe Pa ns ‘a oe o 364 | SBFS LEA totakean examination 372 | PH 9 LweA- middleten days ofthe month im 16 i) vey $09 gos | BH BED CY aprotesoe gp | BE CBAL marys cent 2s nies is yay 1883 HX — WED demand (opposite of “supply”) contradiction (literally lance wg Whe nothing can resist met FiE EA ema shield which nothing 314 an penetrate)58 REMEMBERING THE KANT I Pune Grovrs 9 48 Par 1854 #® a4 35 16 js | MR CwADA ge3 | BHA picts psitng ® pay 1s a 2 a2 19 3m | BE Eee dcsrintion BR -& Lee salutations, bow The two kanji fated here and inthe previous vo frames are att a tinue among all hse we wl study n that each allows of the gay 1525 384 | same no readings. Ba Fle technolo, 377 ay a = 383 136 eA RIK 5ictre book ad pn 385, » 3 | HR Bee nothing a all 7 aA ws bie a4 108 ges | RO OLA catonscareiness a ee ee - a4 aN ge7 | WR Rav machin; mechanism a4 250 3g0 | {2 be Se mediation; intermediation rm * aA 00 5 aA a agg | WED destruction colle Wm the world = 1k LC aA 28 & 399 | ste Ce ote reminiscences & a4 384 132 3a2 | Sth At counts; accountant Hw ay 102 BTS HAD ——topiecce; penetrate 590 | RBIS #429 topirs: penta[REMEMBERING THE KANO II iA ay = gor | FR — L624 custom: habit: convention He |* ay 1083 gon | XR EDA, interchanges exchange Ne oy ‘iia 393. | BREE LEDHA — orecaltrectim i |e ae 7 joa | REFS AHA Bre ay 6 gos | HR LAAHA apt: rotation fel ay 1580 1620 305 | HM A time fai ay soa soy | Ha aA, selected Wi | D9 1934 whe Leos head of state or government 398 PURE GROUPS 6 ‘ta 29 ss 399 | FH SOD suffering distress be ja A 1298 goo | BA FRA fais prety much i aA 1290 go. | Met 25% the brains Ht * 1839 1750 aon | Re EDTA eld Bi * vst 493. | BEES #97A crossing astret) Rf * nA 0 40g | RE cK adalesvalley Eo A 7 gos | ®% MSA hemes be ay 2104 x1 46 | BATS CAE to submit a proposal@ REMEMBERING THE KANT Pur Gxours @ fit ae om fii i oe or || Se Eee health protection; hygene ais | BR A> manuscript orginal daft A z is ay sis Ble a ‘as gos | PAS 29 prefectural office ais | £0 DT royalty kings and princes é i = ae a 1394 WWE ae 1806 ao | RAL > Tema oe rae (offered for ayy | MH cE candidacy (fr office) & lq me 7 x | * 1736 ae wt. y ao | FX TAR ‘weather aig | #8 coe ‘wasteland RE oe * 1886 bre 29 ; on au | AH BLS locomotive aig | Bie 2529 panic: alarm Ed AR |e ay ah + om ts & 10 412 | HL RA go to work; show up at work 42g | BRR EA LAA social reunion; reception if 1876 g me cee wn “Dest Wishes for a Hay rory i reopen a wasteland 43 | ae Pe iets Eos Barc, = io ff 2 saa “ aa | FE toe the ith main ting: bones 44 | me 5 9e9 —_ hishschoot[REMEMBERING THE KAN IT PURE Growrs 6s i 2 ws7 1289 a +o 1850 az3 | ate conn ludicrous; funny a1 | & Awe influence BB nF 13st se |e Parl lon a 424 we LADD bridegroom 432 | 2rd ft — boundary BB 29 1882 Ht aoe 489 425 im Bad painting gallery 433 | #8 B29 fe mirror-stand; dresser Hy |. by 1s ‘Me |e site 829 46 | RD ACD distinguished service aaa | Rte BAe patience; tolerance x ge 1681 iB ~y 0 ar | Wh om ees any esgag wos | OH 24H cmt Hl ae 1395 HA 44 1562 2» 42g | BASS SAB — toretum something borrowed 436 | mar abl. explanation Al aa? 2238 1396 ad a4 1450 429 we ee Citd. —Stipt; screenplay 437 ri Edbe association; alliance ss som 9 R ty vm ‘one’s native place; home fae TBA people (of a country) ago | eH ERED Cmeene 438REMEMBERING THE KAN IL PURE GRours a Hk eo sas Es . 109 439 28 ADK peaceful sleep 4a7 me RAE ‘magnanimity wR ay 968 ai % . on amy | RR CARA natural (as opposed to atl) Peete rte cere tectnms| ay s10 oe ® 2079 183 441 yy: = da Aabvs —combustbility 449 aa Bt frank; plain mR \* ve 23 Tl vA o 442 Be PANS ‘one’s 60th birthday. 450 AM Low death penalty iE ve m6 ay a4 «so 443 (| mE nee history 451 | JM WA a model; prototype Bz 29 2014 R vy 1103 444 | BPR DDH OTD agricultural school a2 | ®® BS> police iz 2 ais R + 04 445 | Be D529 thickness; density 453 | me $80 friction; chafing, as ay 1098 Rl Yo on 446 BAL prohibition asa | BF 45IED both sides470 8 REMEMBERING THE KANSI IT PURE GROUPS: & 9 os i a 1340 a5 | RM TORK a mulberry farm or orchard 463 | HTS Trito — toconclude (a contract) fi a4 as = 7A au 455 | BRM (geographic zone acs | SPF 929M sapanesesyle restaurant ae ste iit a4 416 fF v4 ” 457 | WH RD freight congestion 465 | Mik THE suspension; ban % |* ” 1916 tte |* a7 186 45g | 8% crC private residence 466 HiT S Cote tobe thorough a wir tik a 760 BETS “nt entrust; charge (someone with a ome torevoke; withdraw something) a jE ' wow2u 1194 aa He * HR ROE tbe bamed gop | BRIS TOC send Gomething) asagit The reading of both characters belong to the offctal ls ut are not he most comonon ratings Be sre fo pay atetion fo @ m4 io 468 | thermore nina readings BR tHE extent; degree ; 461 YE ' 1195 469 | A boo ‘a passage; (sailing) voyage F 7 as oe THe empire < iif us RIC | EDLD — abruplly;all ofasudden0 [REMEMBERING THE KaNot Il PURE GRowrs n he uss we a ™ an | ote ot ) sugar 479 am rom melting a re 160 x 2 ss an | *® 25e ‘warehe ase 4g0 | at 5 Le > gloom; melancholy fil - tet ab oo 473 | MTS TOES — creation 4g: | oe file anactor # | 4 ao 1968 K an 900 am | Bie AED folksong gq | BE LOD * the autumn season 48 a 1967 aK veo sot 47s | MTS ESL9 — totremble;shake 4g3<| B® 9 L®S gloom; melancholy Be ” 1604 Bia » 202 296 a6 Hm E@ 2S demand (opposite of supply) aga | 2 ae summertime WBE 2 1605 KE * on 4aqT =e roe the hips; waist area 485 om fem ‘an amount; a quantity & ap 190 ae ey 1035 478 we RUE contents aso | #® bata benevolence2 REMEMBERING THE KAN Pure Grours 2 i ae 1335 Ht yor 2005 926 487 | iTS Le dA tomends repair g9s | BR 92 9LEL fod provisions ie yao 8 768 R 496 | st = DED allows fowing ro 1646 1976 488 ® #9 an elephant Bit yar 163 gor | 8% 98984 ammonium suite (& yo wn ago | MR = E55 imagination; fantasy S yy imo ag | 8 BAd pattcpation i r 50 490 | Ra —-EDL2 —_alibray; collection of books 6 oy nse rm oo | BB ORK distress wretchedness ‘ik a ssi a | DR LARD —theheart organ) ‘tll eA 418 te soo | SH BOE assem 18 var 995 492 | ih = L@ <4 < — roomand board by #4 a9 we sor | ae ev shoemaking aE ver 1336 493 | HFS LOCLED costing R ay 13 = oq | RA SAT antral spring as yoo m 494 | ite 6b 2 suTesng; measurement” REMEMBERING THE KANSI IL cs “ey 139 503 | BR EAS railroad tracks a] “ 2096 8s so, | BY LAS kind Gi “ bn 50s | BR OL theft at ve 0 506 | HM EDL radiation; emission aif de 1250 507 | #4 9 Lette anhonorarium vs oO 06 sos | MH EDL * radiation; emission ti * » sop | wits brRD to copy; imitate th np z 510 WoL 2d one (sake) measure Pure Grours FH yao i Su +e UrdL2 5 Mise; ascent fe vee = siz | *ie Lx 5€5 fretting; ircitabilty aff a - 513 a BALD (offshore) reef oS yee - si | BR L25 CA ashogun Lr oa S15 RES BR ascholarship of ya ms 1% 516 AF RLe conservatism uF ve 20 517 oH Leos hunting m& ny = 518 at PALS thanks; gratitude[REMEMBERING THE KAN II PURE GROUPS ay 1 sig | RB A regrettable ie 2 1083 520 | mA aro ‘employing; employment fig 2 1084 sa | ma cer advisor ae ae |# ¥ 1375 522 RON LawetA ultraviolet rays ste y 0s 523, ah it Les males and females ye 102s 524 eR £2¥ 45 graduation (from schoo!) aE ve? 1680 1737 525 BK tots pioneer; forerunner #] be 155 526 lite ESCs absolutely; (not) at all fl te 980 527 | #8143 459 toswoon:faint x ay 1383, 528 (ArmA front door; main entrance % yy 1386 sag | ER EVITA sine (ofan angle) BL |" + 10 530 | wt Burd — Mopone’sdesk aL * 1s sai | mR starvation Ga 4 02 sx. | BR Law priest tual eelebeant i ve 129% 533. | RKB international TE lw By 7s 534 | @% OO secret® REMEMBERING THE KANT TL 2 oe gas | SB DIRS honeycomb & |F be 254 36 | @$4 BALES — pyramid; monumental work a be 211 «4 537 | ®® £9 L25 boarding (avessel) Chapter 3 One-Time Chinese Readings ‘The characters brought together in this chapter should be learned well before passing on to the rest of the book. Knowing them will remove another obstacle from the long road that lies ahead ‘This collection of “one-time” readings silts out all the on-yomi that are not homonyms, at least not in the confines of the kanji on which this book is based. We have already learned 5 of these readings in Chapter 1: it * ‘This means that the sounds, >, %, x , and ~ will not appear elsewhere in these pages asa reading for ary kanji The characters they belong to may, of course, take additional readings (see the cross- reference numbers) and phonetic transformations may in fact yield the same sound in certain cases, bt the sounds will not be assigned to any fther characters as a standard reading. There are 42 more such one- time Chinese readings: KE TT 152 sag | FE = Bott oppression AK an 2021 a9 sag | UNE Ametin all “7 * sao | BE Xt villa; private retreat80 [REMEMBERING THE KANDI IT (ONE-TIME CHINESE READINGS 81 we “ a dt *? us sar | BRIS Le SeED to frequents haunt infest 549 | tb RowWED (aamecofa Japanese island) 8 err op a A eae a 54. | BE CCU ¢ Blackandwhite; good and bad 590 Sy i ae 356 te ® a oar gs1 | RX BEDE precincts a3 | HH = CDH Clack) tea - ih a 702 1m a r “7 1240, $52 seat Lets wheel axis sa | BF OTL disciple ca Par om 2009 We m4 1055 553 | HH — idolsimage ns | BE BOs germination; sprout iB 7 1956 He * 1907 ™m™ a t5CS encounter 786 en wom ‘graceful fy Zo 1958 A Pe 1906 ee 77 [BRO intrusion z 1987 2s sor 79 | BH OS} rumbling im . | yas | MA —-IC®D—_admision subscrition Hi |” zy ui9 R » 9 79 | MH EAA Emperor's Garden gag | RE -HLP tions makebebeve a8 ay 1420 ¥ a 08 a1 | BH RAM complaint grudging 799 [RRS — Le Cattle commemorative celebration[REMEMBERING THE KANT IT SEML-PURE GROUPS 105 fal - sso 8 * 1515 qo | BA HME anne point 799 [BH TONED san icon bar a - vs 7. a mon | BA ECA mini Mm ee ; 800 general; average fa a 2029 i G3 onemonth i aa 183 This characteris commonly abbreviated to a form resembling sor | MM — PAIK conveyance; transport ‘the Katakana 7, asin Frame 547 which uses the same exem= 793 | _plary compound with the more usual writing. AE ae isn roan gon |e RAMA dis; discus ae 1963 Me ODED i general plan; main points 794 xz =o 0 1913 : Da Si 2° 1992 wos | tt Dance mR OTD aed te t “= 2165 1914 is 29 aed go, | BATS L254 tocomume;eshaust Re — EDA strong: robust 796 “< B&B e 1915 = gos [RATS Ged to tai follow # * 20 1s eH BOL service 197 & eD 1759 i wo im sos | Be EDL Me Xpacertain person fete RANE annual salary dl *e 2087 1760 I RAID — conspiracy: plotSEMLPURE GROUPS 107 106 REMEMBERING THE Kano TL We “4 aii tee 0d 1412 sos [#7 hb mea gi7 | MTS wr9e to congeal; coagulate m4 use AG 2 Ma 309 | B® — AlaaA concept; general notion ais | ** ae blanket ‘i os eo a , = 810 ee ae indignation; resentment 819 ae Srde kar Hy ie Be | + st A * ua sit (mea Be ‘manufactured; ready-made 20 |*# BIRD hope ay ig |e : Bd ao ‘795 so | 8A EOWA plateau Lea | BR | KARA alongaraitway line ei % : ist oe ie $8 ay 798 313 | BR AEA, Fountainhead: welspring a | MH FARA lead pipe Kg fie ay = ft ue 1878 sig [MTS LAA ‘to enlist poluntees sie 23 |B Ab 29 (Ship's) captain * 1410 & 7 Tt 8 ais | FR bok suspicion ane (married) lady * vat ik ? s ai | RF imitation; sham s25 | RR ED support; maintenance108 [REMEMBERING THE KAN IL SEML-PURE GRours 109 BL * sat ea 29 us sas | ate ey ws [8 oY a dispute & a4 mat mM 2 1879 gay | BR ROS Enis tanguage gis | Mk LEC loneliness; solitude a a4 ira aK 2 1878 928, il ava film; movie 937 mm RAE circular are BR 2 1740 MK ” 187 go9 [PR Sw 55 center; central ia phe watermelon The use of theft characters an example of what Japanese Ez eal °C character chosen oaeconpny a ang : tha does mot se belong to. Since the exemplary com [K > 19 838 | pound is common word i hasbeen incuded here. g30 | mae cae broadsense (of aterm) . wi 2° ma fn Piette | ng 831 atu 29k amine 39 | AR AWA, sailor; member ofthe erew a HE Pe a if 4y 199 4a g32 [RA KE expansion; enargement 2: 38 ees eee : 48 ye 666 ea vay 1155 sar [BE tALD be a3 | HME puriy # y i 229 s2i8%9 1540 % , ne on CEDOSS sein gaz | BE — HALES — paymentota dill20 REMEMBERING THE KANDI TT SewrPune Groves m SpE ay 0 ae 1691 gig | 2 MAIC forgone tolerance BE EDNZ (personal weakness bad habit te vy 1768 e 1501 gag | HK CARR — enormous 353 [ATR kD unavoidable iP ay 18 iss a2 983 gas | BF RCA mgecrowd asa | TBA 8 ECLA s00mitionyen : , he ED ay 1843 Ise ao 2 sas | BH CAA acount assembly ass | ee Bee tony (ot eanething) = # py use ce 4 0g gay [BE CAL amonarch ass [BE EDM preparation arangements iff x a2 He | * no m ag | 7 boro mayor gs7 | HTS fe to seize; capture iti y 43 fe ae 908 eg | MR | LR stars ase | RE Le bRe theharvest Ai a4 . aa ath + 700 aso sis ee 2 9 pulmonary disease gs9 [RH protection; patronage BE | w at 1500 x 1206 ans em NR amoral aso | BAB A Minister of Education112 REMEMBERING THE KANII TL SEMEPURE GROUPS. m3 Ese ey im zz 29 1253 gor | tte Lean fingerprint ao | #8 DCD Sia duty filial piety a Aaood 16 Be 29 1480 HE At ‘opposite 870 Re cok yeast 862 |—# ooh apeir # me faa gE as - an Ae B19 — professor a3 | HH = C98 rebirth id 2° A v4 ae ol 872 mA ene succession; order 864 ae com coin (solid money) (i — (% a4 1392 ey eay oo ona | ** WEI dispute; contention eo BIKA Post; mail as len sad convenient Fa 5 ws sv Fa Lea descendants IxI ne 1460 65 | mm 29H Hendish; satanic m |m oD - i) ue wi ars | PR 68274 mainstay “backbone” ze ears pluck; mettle Ser vig wy 32 if » tae as | * Adve sagacious; wise 368 [ake poe take off (eg. an airplane) BE re) ee gry PRR BASED tension: strain14 REMEMBERING THE KANJI IL we + 534 x0 Ae RED unluay * 38 #1 «RDB A crosvexamination + 13st gap (RB BA conamiar eran gina fl ay 1583 ser | HA ORM croumeision sf ay ae ger | FH HAMS jursiton ae | i 44 1st ges [ie | ZA damage aie aA 34 ig | BR YO eager & ot 26 sss | 8 WHED police RE a 1987 seg [RH BED wonder: astonishment Se Pune Grours us Re |e a4 925 sp, Fomantic fellow; "man about gy | MA FhEK ma WE a4 1435 888 Ee Tht plastered; stewed to the gills Ie he vA us ggg [PE 9 BER rubble; macadam i me 1469 g00 | MEFS 296 seating oud orin pubic iz 2 1470 sor | HR 34D ——vagrancy; wandering B yar 46 1468 902 Bub brOLA ‘conscience vs 1996 gos | BR ZA D2 — seme ofresne B ye 1991 go4 | MR RD x prisoner of war Nf 2 92 Ob skin sos |6 [REMEMBERING THE KAN IT SEMEPURE GROUPS ut ke , 5 n is} 4y Eo 896 tet awd left and right; both sides. 905 its) HABA ‘source; cause fé > 92 a 47 4 soy | me eS satin cos | MM EAA matrimony if * a9 B ay 606 sop [WR eR stugsisess oo7 HR La expression of gratitude |e ff | @ yy 1821 se y on a9 | MBF PAD AC cates; moral pitsophy cog | BE REL History a i vy 1822 ba y 0 00 | ER EDA the Olympic Games 09 | XH ROL ambassador a wid ey 50 1820 ci ’ os go, | 7H 8EBA —fcoure oo (FR HAD eovernment otal ff |# sy 1003, a ve 316 oor | HE -SRICA, —esponstity on | He LoS Le hostel residence aa ae » jo vo oss os | eae ALA Pregnancy o2 | L®L-*® adoption or rejection © _ Kh ry 1004 fi a or 1339 904 |B Dhbhe fare (for transportation) fr CAR shop 913 Note how 2 signal primitives apply to the same kanjt here.REMEMBERING THE KANIT IL ‘SEMLPURE Grours 19 K . os iE ve 1 ou | Lew ‘ull name on | RF LAC truth 915, ae baka paper money 924, MMT S BALA — tobepenitent WE ay 1830 a 7 as ors [ioe cAMA matrimony ons RE ABD quelling (of a disturbance) FE ono fii ie ” 121 ut ory | MRE YD suppiement wie 96 avertsing 926 BE yoo 10 i 9 ot og | C0 9RD firearms ony | BM SAE cml he 1347 3 vo 21 919 [XH = ESD rd President 928 {at c5to structure ji | 8 2? 1830 1408, BF “A 1030 920 ei 2909 traffic 929 au) Awts joint use af 29 1690 Hie i 1056 fi tk stomach ache fence ga | me ae 930 | an ‘ a) 2 1409 IER ey 1032 om AR KID dance; (clasial) dancing ou (RH OK flower vase120 REMEMBERING THE KANJI ‘We conclude this chapter with three characters related by a common primitive element but sharing Chinese pronunciations unevenly. ait | # ye 482 932 it bLE knowledge; intelligence. ak vee y o33 | BA LE SMA anemptoyee ca veves 34 we elt organization; formation 934 ete Lrot loom Chapter 6 Readings from Everyday Words By the time you pick up this book, you will have already learned at least the rudiments of Japanese grammar and in the process have learned some of the most useful words of everyday spoken Japanese, ‘Taking advantage of this fact, as well a the fact that you already know the meanings of all the characters treated here, you can enlarge your knowledge of the on-yomi by seeing how those everyday words in fact look when set to kanji “Take for example the Japanese word for “doctor,” which is vs LU ‘The two kanji with which it is written mean respectively “to doctor ‘and “someone.” This allows us to add two new readings to those we al- ready know: & 4 1694 o35 | BR DED medicalcare a ve 1a 1256 os | BE LF doctor ‘The names of well known places can be used in much the same way, as in the following two frames: ce te 136 sou oy | at E51R¢ — thenortheast122 REMEMBERING THE KANIT IL wae 1822 ain Ke £9829 Toyo 938 ‘We can also make use of well-known company names or other popular proper names. For example, what student of Japanese has not thumbed ‘through the dictionaries of Japan's foremost Japanese-English lericog- raphers, Kenkydsha? By learning what the name in fact means, you Will have learned thee more Chinese reading OF re os 939 | HR AAC studs investigation Fe ne? 10 og | HR AROS research th va 1092 ga | SH HL company Without making any particular effort to keep these various sorts of “everyday words” separate from one another, let us see how far they take ws into the second half ofthis book. As before, readings and compounds that have appeared earlier will be drawn on as much as possible to lighten the burden. Occasionally, i only rarely, a common everyday word will lead us to a character that falls outside the compass ofthese pages. In such cases, itis enough to learn the on-yom being practiced without stopping to learn a new kanji and its reading. For example, the word for “neat” or “pretty.” one of the first you learn in studying Japanese, is & #14. It is made up of the character for “figured cloth” and that for “lovely.” Normally, the word §s not waitten in characters at all, but since it san easy way f0 learn the otherwise difficult reading of the later kanji, restoring its original kanji ‘writing is helpful READINGS FROM EVERYDAY WORDS 13 He us 2002 oa. | mR ah neat clean; pretty nil other cases, both readings of a known compound will be new. In this case, we will combine both Kanji into a single frame, like this: ‘el ei 130 1398 fii ny 1939 1973 43 | (PR SHEA, rice; mea inner With that, we may carry on for another 218 frames. Incidentally, if you find that you do not know a particular word chosen for the exemplary compound, you might as well take the trouble to learn it. After all, the ‘words are common everyday words. A vA 2007 1019 oa | HBSS BAR toguide; give information A 2 964 36 4y yy 1082,1139 71 as | Bm can oneself a vy 395 gag | BO BALA peace of mind ry 535 7 1303 34 947 | BB tA telephonem4 REMEMBERING THE KAN I [READINGS FROM EVERYDAY WoRDS ps & oe 190 a x 1257, 1008 515 p ne R 959 1180 - thd oe | B= TP, scephone number oe | isa We ay 014 [ eo op 2 ogg | RAR CATIA oper os | HA nusing development B ny as 3 a » a0 0 Bee RAY amammale £ a2 1376 846 950 cea WER FAT — sabwayz metro Kk Pe (9).20342162 98 Ed 7 sete = UZ oman female 956 1180 951 zene z= va 37 a o59 | BRM ELL EAA brary i soo 1a 13s a 7 as = : #4 wor 107 ry AwEED 4 952 in BED say a WP 30 : Zs KE Re university 2 y 1a 960 wi be us ra : ; yao 1 HH NALD lunch (amryalong picnics) 983 oot | AKK ROU LO ancehtsotay EF * 1509 1596 osq | ME -FEOD baseball ‘As an exception, we include 3 kanji inthe net frame, all of them no Gout very familar to you already. H ve 286 955 | BH TA L& — Clectrie train a a ae a EE a2 ‘581 R a 969 951 BBA Be ¢ CA aforeigner 962,126 [REMEMBERING THE KANI IL READINGS FROM EVERYDAY WORDS 27 FHL » 265 *K 6 963. | MPEP cooking: food on | TR beoak 6 a = 945 36 J we a 40 ns ey an | = 1811 ge | SR LEA nature om | FR BARA ¥I000 = a 49 96 1 G se 1367 437 bib one d +y e = Aa 965, 1 i" ie os Bor 1344 SR a4 100 ns 1459 AT 1614,2234,22 873 ole together 4t 5 Bo se Bard 974 bat U y 4 wn | Hag ie] os Fe; ons | RR DEED avoyages trip 25 oF 7 i f * ” 1st 968 | +A Lbso muy ie ao 4 Iu AMO EDO aestay 6 oe 2 thi anji in the ind takes a kun-yori. K 2D Be Pe 976 | The eid kanjtin the compound takes a kun-yomi don | 2A BB DIA opeopte es vee wus 4 eae ~ tL 2 969 9 on aL $0915 mite (cow's) te ? 1435 19 om | AB Seo & “ae “0 978 RR ASM dwarfed and potted plant8 [REMEMBERING THE KAN IT mK READINGS FROM EVERYDAY WORDS 9 a4 2169 130 2 1508 1097 79 | AWE FOES Wetnesday Hi. ome cob ar 7 & lsh-Tapanese dition x ; 988 HOE Cea. English-Japanese dictionary f « 195 7a AME 86290 Thun oo az 187 980 : Thursday £ a 2683 7 ses gag | RR PARA — complete = 4 = 1827 137 @i. ko 2 1 op | FB 8222 Kyoto AE yo ronsi 1ses or 4 Dus 1400 Ed *? 2014 1307 9s | —#B@ WoL E> wihatoncomiene oor | WR CANES telegraph aE e 109 1632 it oe we » eB ga® ltt es RR WAR lively alive and welt 9g3 | RB = HEED emergency extraordinary 992 * e wo BE ny 1578 7 2032 169 & 2 185 ges | SBP BAEOO Priday os | BF HAL thekan Wi vy 168 Soe 300 os | EM RL SA Mr # ay oe 7 oq | Te UT OHA joke RY a ; ae RK fen fE gay 1336 958 986 itp ” 127 ms . ios is o95 | BR CBO LE address ogy | $MB | EES Saturday130 REMEMBERING THE KANUI TL earthquake READINGS FROM EVERYDAY WoRDS wi BY ay 2017 ie 96 | BBE TAtA, ain entrance rome poreh tos | BBR CAL © biote = ve 135 266 A ae .13452103 10s oo7 | EA LBA tushand tog | a LD freesreedom th e 92 oo ES Pao MS 128 ; ee <_< a 1007 | FR CODED judo as ee 1294 635 & a w02t 130 999 | BH «OLD necesiys need 4p. ans 100g | Bd lastyear ii ay 1938 1000 | ‘MA MATA simp; uncomplicated 7 2m tats 1 Fi LALA, newspaper ey 1859, wake vee 49 ME DRA stairway es) 388 ae Lard TA, store; shop 969 Ae self-confidence oa i a? 607 eke TOP e 1987 aun EI «Keio Univers bi trk oro airplane uy 290 # 956 1287 sis ea | A moming he BLA132 REMEMBERING THE KANI IL READINGS FROM EVERYDAY WoRDS. 133 aL ny 7 a A 1300 ” By 77 557 1050 2s 1735 1013 | 2H PAA sightseeing: a vist ton | FR ARS music i ay 1129 22. M6 1569 aia | SE Ee Vicinity 1023 | SB E54 expressway: superhighway & 29 83 74 Fad 29 7 1800 rors | SE 9AA public pari ros | BH $FE9 port Bi ay 162 Ed os 758 1016 UE BARA ‘No Smoking! ae BrDL> eso B * 1580 4 us a - 543 252 Fao 22%8 1792 a 2 coffees be “Open for Business” 1017 | BA BOETA coffee shop eP Apes ‘Open for Bi as 2099 1587 29 1152 vad 1534 38 * 1510 1658 4a CALwS thisweek aie eo (house-)cleaning r 468,2111 1194 ee 1247 19 | 7 zAE this time 1008 | ™* Le LA photograph ; z 3% yao 1374 545 th aad 1146 Te c5Cr5 factory at wT 4H — express (train) 1020 1029 = a fe a2 1008 247 ® wad 1349 1021 Ke coe advertisement 1030 tea Be5d SD satay14 REMEMBERING THE KAN IL READINGS FROM EVERYDAY WORDS ns “4 yo? amas 1 tif 304 458 a 25 n 131 | SB thee center fet Lx CED ining room; rectory WB #09 1587 am a 106 a to | AB RAH ED asot fe LWA mealticet 4 34 fee * RE GRA . we “ 4 te net year 1033 yo. | BR ELE Holy Writ the Bite ee a4 1438 ° ; Soligw) luree ii 2 2 589 2 invitation 1034 REDE ceigerator 03 tos | PRR RU LIE rehigerat vs = | yao ne ih ie 1308 1363 toss | hE Lx primary school ae ee 4 f Bi ‘ = 1oag | HB RAL OD raetice 76 “4 323 BR L294 busines aL ay n iE ee 318 1801 ze 19042204 usr toss | @% SALI lds unr rebelions =” 1617 an LO%A — question Le a4 ISI7 2 10s | MA Sl allt 4 188 2389 MM «BAR problem a ee 108 1602 % =P 1450 50 = we 97 tory | mee ten the West Ocrident Hh Lo soy sauce — ‘The fist kanjt in the compound isnot general-use.136 REMeNGERING THEKANITIT READINGS FROM EVERYDAY WORDS 137 ‘il oe 1997 ey 1929 jog | 8 = FREED theater MP AED war iy > manasa a ad 192 9 1049 | OR LD sugar BOHN explanation ra 24 x y 354 soso | BR th the government RR LOA text; exam a = 4 ve ne 1684 FY 1616 BRM LAD AREA, the “Bullet Train” tos | WM BA GAD specialist Tag vy 1378 a5 = ay ine a4 BI yo ‘oT ik Lorts —fallure 3952 | BF EAL —athete He WK ae 1072 S yao 1352 a oa oa 1062 | Ru KSA ator 1053 | #2 = Le SCA, end ofthe line: termi ay 393 i ne 1500: us. Been RAE OO biethday tosq| 8H BNO ie 1063 | Note she phonetic change inthe second kanji 4 J a4 1438 a1 it = 1064. | TR — Crrsat politeness; courtesy toss | #9 BE student 2 Aap he 0 46 . ee 1938 59 Eno cial BR EARL — elections aug me 1056REMEMBERING THE KANII IL READINGS FROM EVERYDAY WORDS. 139 4 *> on » #h 2 on. 1386 segs | ## 908% ace & > iar = = 1074 | oe 2r6 ‘conditions; “things” aie vy 1523 303 ae 1067 | *® DAES exercise; sports = aA at a 1075 ae Pale ageisha ms x? 1362 He 2? wars 16 Fie 7? 1399 ross | PX KEK promise tore | FM EDK Westernctothes ah a? 1073 Be y 2033 95 1069 | SR FRAP transation or | 4 DL a a z I a4 1088 126 1 aR Pz 1136 Jl, 79 1071 ‘S24 iy eae 1066, 1070 | 8m ene SPhoon 1078 | #8 #oee¢ Pharmacy JB 7 1070 By si re, 987 sa won| RBS Japanese bath 1079. | HB BEA Japanese quit or mattress GR = pe. a a B 1845 to | RE 8 S29 stationmaster 1og0 | 2 0 tA all; everything K a4 960 107 cA x as 1441 oe a785) 1081 Si Fay headache 107s | BNA very much: awfully: tl oa zi 9451139, 126 7a ten | RO fait, considerably0 REMEMBERING THE KANI I th ye 964 1033. | Xt KD Great Buddha (statue) a4 2003 951 1084 Ke Rian ‘generally; on the whole LS 4 m9 toss | Motte tukonecapl — vy @ 3 rt ao tes 7 toes | = SA*< Ss prokes asin xniy ‘The net 5 frames present the characters used for some ofthe mare commen “counter for which Japaneses notorious a 4 nw 586 fey | A eh crore SB a - om me toss | =8 FAR 3 (Wehicles) K “4 m 1089 eh 2 (sheets of...) af ny ro 1652 1090 | mH eA Shouse) READINGS FROM EVERYDAY WORDS aan tit vy ca 126 1091 Kao to (volumes of...) fi ey 7 to92 | 8 AA (city of) Sendai ink. +4 2016 se 1093 | += Lo dick ve Myearsold a vA 118 on toa} FF TASH genius In the exemplary compounds given in the next two frames, note how pronunciation of the first syllable ofthe second kanj is changed from 7A 10.7 4 because ofthe eumsiness of having two “a” sounds back toback, wR vA 401 1095 | THED MOTI pitabe; pathetic Be TA aw 1095 | 7H mb ate & a7? Bs me oy | ESA Bek ame 109g | HMe AED troublesome[REMEMBERING THE KANT II READINGS FROM EVERYDAY WORDS 13 a z 1267 746, ap ee 4 es pe a 7 wm 1099 | siviaeee PE, the Meiji Bra (1866-1912), og | #* th ‘grandfather 36 29 1 ‘EE « ‘1 100 | 8% cot (ity of Nikk6; sunlight roo | te ‘grandmother if A 1302 mm fH ey Ms m9 1101 | sbi fz ot ED (Gorthern Japanese isand) A ea LAL ® — Shinto shrine a ay mw R e sss sas 1102 | 88 = kebA Taiwan mn} #A ota beauty; beautiful woman ae ae = ee oe Wy a 88 1103 | i = AAU ead pencil up| cH <9 “Thanks forthe trouble!” nH yer 507 = a 25 1104 | & 9D x cooperation EF Pru prince oo 1833,2205 38. a: 1263 808 aos | ®* ECA areader 1954 198 a ina | B® EAA, — “Too bad” "What apy!” . 80 ims p= 3 ik 1850,2134,2241 751 oF x 516 186 1106 | <# grammar ws | 8% Bt absence (from home oF post) = ee # 2 203 186 a nA 116 1 ae mE aire ui6 | #— Kiht Nolaa REMEMBERING THE KAN TT [READINGS FROM EVERYDAY WORDS us He ay wn Ee ve 1501 ER “Les it pardon!” FEO “Tam you!" 17 | && cer 2 your pardon!” 1125 | #x0w *22 ‘Tam very sorry for yor Hi wy 1930 Be * wis ™ et SHA sitting in Zen meditation 1127 eit RED sidewalk rig | PS Mat thesia charater i variant of th pea ase character i. It is used typical zen. Das See te Fad 1331 267 ry a = tig | wees boom tobecartlh wath out 19} SH — SSA “Dohaveatookt” B iy =? 1930 15 3 5 oe e eo 2016 a9 | 1&9%9 broadcasting 1129 | 8H CTR aim; goal =n itt aN o 1624 a4 i ay 1482 th, ve 1958 1753 ua} BR 2 AAEA hot springs; spa 130 | #e OLR scenery Bt a 1179 i 4 28 1807 to | MCs HE a u31 | Ma WE Japanese checkers ae * 3m 1775 ts 1123 | at oa unreasonable; too difficult 7 a = so - 1132 | tA RICA, outsider; stranger & 7 8 = rie | 8X Cade t 2 1306 180 ai33. | RAF THE, weather forecast 4 yao a0 1 1125 | M4 BAL sD Ministry of Education Ky be 1463 165 rag | BT AES ancleere tightM6 REMEMBERING THE Kant TI READINGS FROM EVERYDAY WorDS 1? FL {e yo 92 968 ao 259 88 46E ‘vulgarism; slang HE v4 os 1143 < igarism; slang Re HAS modern times; the present E- 1135 tines the present x > > ~ rem ae! i ii4g | RE #L (camurai) warrior fe a 1635 363 = 1136 | HR BATA propaganda aij 4 1086 1170 ay igs | HH Anat a movie; film x eo 1424 = a 1051 & _ st memset FREE kadingcompany tag | #A 390A mati person ee one pe eet aay | PBA — seashore eae 1412 399 ij veo ‘68 3h 945 1082 26 mt sie cep ane Chk me bauer ERD Cor 5 Simin, S see. 1148 wo HE “ ss > * £ ie 114g | BR BALD health; physical condition Late reserved seat Ee K a4 0 20 47 1 Be ae 370 1300 ss w L ae hurd the sun 1141 an B2OMC education 150 iF 4 - a 2230 1581 ~ aid beat een Cima ioe 1142 | RTS A tolookat (honorific) 1151 prod148 REMEMBERING THE KANSI IL We conclude this chapter with the few characters in Vol. I which were learned directly with their Sino-Japanese readings because there was ‘no good English equivalent. All you need to dois see how they work in compounds. READINGS FROM EvERYDAY WoxDs 9 i) 2 an R Dey. 1070 tig | #8 BOL teats A at 4 1isg9 | BA Le C2 the shakuhachi tute ty ‘1441 1440 1s3 | 28 ED bean cfu ih ’ 1m fe 1160 tf Lop TH fis * 1416 = f 1154 | BR BDA Danger! Ji ve = rer | “BM SDA thestignestjot % ae a Heh 1155 er pA “Bottoms up!” + oy on 0 tiss | FE E@ IRA, 10Cong straight objects) R ey PST 782 z > 1s tis7 | #2 AKE9 poor destitute 78 eam 1682 Be i we s15g | #8 WrdVA hospitalChapter 7 Mixed Groups Alter the relating detour into everyday words, we must return to the ‘work that remains with signal primitives. From here on, the work will bbe more complicated than it was in Chapters 2 and 5 because of the in- ‘reasing number of exceptions. In spite ofthat, 1 am sure you will find that it does provide considerable help with what would otherwise be a hodgepodge of disconnected readings. ‘What clasifies a group as “mixed” is that it is composed of at least 4 kanji sharing a common signal primitive which assigns the same reading at least 2 members of the group, and yet which do not belong to the “pure” or “semi-pure” groups. The definition will get clearer as we go along. ‘The chapter divides mixed groups into three sub-groupings of as cending difficulty, We begin with the easiest: groups of kanj\ in which a signal primitive has 2 readings that apply to 2 or more kanji each, At times, you will notice, a character will be assigned both readings. A. Mixed Groups of 2 Readings Only Ky 180 1162 | IRF EDL simultaneous ia . ” 1163 +a eo brome el ry 182 1164 | WE ED trunkotthe body MIXED GROUPS~ A. 1st ile ro 11 65 | WR = EDS insight ho ona ate wae ‘canteen; water flask be 204 1167 | aH tung oil (Chinese) wood oit Is ta ns tieg | #% = BE2E2 sim symptom aH Foe 188 be aes sprit jumping board 169 | Berle aA springboard; jumping board ud Fae «ss ti | BR BDA challenge wk +2? a1 iim | WS Hr FEED outlook; prospects Bk re 236 Wem —- EDTA eavenvon-earth; Sangria 172 see we Ye 283 ny | we Ee desertion: escape182 [REMEMBERING THE KANIITL Mixep Grours— A Be ‘The remaining frames of Section A are not as confusing as they look. = you take the time to study them. The two readings of the signal primi we ay 168 1204 tive overlap in some Kanji and notin others. Some ofthe readings you have learned already (refer to the cross-reference number in italics) 11g) |r CRA lake side but they are all repeated here forthe sake of completeness. c OED = MG 4a 361 Re Ligs aa mo ETD sccess ugg] C% 85% thedesd 174 | Ak 5. achieving “Budahahooa” wg HoTED 439 pa eA oae 1487 ae RIED hope 4th = EAR intsprime; full splendor 1193 | #2 BARD longenerished desire 7s | em tA D2 5 Mlourishing ye & * 396 ink a 1 beet eee i sere eres 1176 | Rw DA oyalty = tt * os Sh voy 362 tiss | FE 09ers, very bony 177 | #8 EDR inside the castie walls ale “9 1373, i 5 broadcasting network tl) aa ae rig6 | HEH DED ES HG RAT judgment = 17g | BH SitA, trial; hearing a =e o uus7 | BE Bes blindness Mise = EDA, company; companion 20 7 | PL G28) SS, i Ws 113g | S90 LRZ4 intelligentsia ay 166 1202 He EAA half 1180154 [RENEMBERING THE KANJI IL MixeD GRours ~ A, 155 i 29 os we 2 1024 1800 11g9 | #4 CRED a zan peed 197 | 2 epee airport % “8 sor Be 29 19 1199 [P#H HEH (surname) tigg |A ESF alfood i zz = x aio [8m ZOD augmentation; increase ay 1397 1199 | RE FAIA, — double post or appointment yy 6 = ZOLA — hatreds spite all ry 1600 1200 | we FAC 2d modesty Sh 2979 ma - Ems 829 to donate Jal Pee? 1398 1193 | MS 2 5-Cu offering: present mee AE sumicion yor | EMA, moods disposition a Tee 1798 Bie oy 1601 size 8222 conmnin ao | NAHE arma As wih: many othr signal primltves we have met, this one car ‘esa reading anby when it occupies a prominent place (above : 1194 | ortoime igh inthe character a ve 1599 ma NAS Kamakura bakufu aay 1803 1203 | A rare reading, most of histotat importance 195 | HET deterence; respect Hk ee = Papen 3 ~ ‘ ER Lx 9% January; New Year's BETS 298 WD tosuppy | Ee SAR"? fates 1196 | a= 5 @ Buddhist “mass” 2156 REMEMOERING THE KANN bixep Grours-B 157 J e4-499 7B em 1050 381 B ne ~ Boh Bs agoverment seer toe 1205 | RH POLE > regency; aregent 1212 | BA — oT dearthofwater, drought aE “4 war 1610 a 12 | BETS br9eH — roads reguae me RoWA interview, audience vA 673 AE “4 ss 1207 |#RTS euito to subjugate will, yao 7 tang |#E ELD ‘guarantee iE, vad 1685 1209 | HE TL Ed natneofadisease B. Mixed Groups with 2 Exceptions Only Unlike the mixed groups in Section A, those that follow share two characteristics: (1) they contains at least 3 kanji with a common reading; and (2) only 2 members of the group have readings different from the others. Let us begin with an example: 1214 | aR PETA notice board It may have crossed your mind to ask why we should bother to classify these characters into groups at all—or it certainly will by the time the ‘groups get smaller and smaller. ‘The answer is twofold. On the one hand, if we did not, you would find yourself adrift in a massive sea of disconnected readings far earlier than you need to be. On the other, since we have learned more than ‘800 characters up to this point by means of the signal primitives, to ig- nore them in cases where there are exceptions would be to cut short ‘our understanding of how these signal primitives work in the Japanese ‘writing system, Without some experience in the mixed groups treated in these chapters, you will not appreciate the complex blend of con- sistency and inconsistency that charaeterize the on-jom Wey |e ay 454 tao | BFS 54> toceyina thundering voice 6 ae 453 wu] Be bole¢ brown 3 16 yas | wet ee archaic word; old adage il : a sg | BCA,‘ isn ae ik : ~ 1217 wae ve an accident158 REMEMBERING THE KANT I : 206 rig | RRA, elegance: simplicey , m5 rig |B KO distress sufering Mt os 1063 12 [BE Be residence e 4 1644 | BR EP aiterence (ie fa 4 1683 toa | A — FEV mastic; magiticent 4 1645 FEF ongitude and latitude a4 1616 We | oA ay defense 1687 Cas Korea il * 329 1226 | B% BL % journals; eporter MixeD Gxours ~ B 1s a so 305 ee be ‘an acquaintance z w7| 8 © the set ite * 306 img | BR BAA source fc * a imp | HR ERR century & * 389 1239 |B BOD mourning fc, e sn wm [22 B90 ek Ac a4 136 132 | ORFS VALE —worryconcern Ke i bs yg | 8H MEA. steep nit Be nym ay m i BAthA, animosity: antipathy BR GRA awarof usurpation Bi KASD — doth textle 1234 ‘The second reading is rare. The compound in the final reading ‘combines an on-yomi and a kun-yomi.160 REMEMBERING THE KANJI TL te nyeay ma BR CONTA, grate; rit 135 | BRM DUEL hotice boars We ay 6 13s | 7 ALE setting Be ae 113 1237 HH REE L i 212A. publishing company BR a 1294 hee LALA) Osaka and Kobe ‘The Japanese commonly take one character from the name of ‘wo places or organizations and then tum the result inco an on- ‘yomi compound which then represents the two original words. In ‘his case, the result is the name of a large corporation that runs 1238 | _arailway, a depariment-store chain, anda baseball team Bi ay 943 wa73 wag | ee HRA, ees meals dinner wR ay ms 124g | BH NAL reply; answer isa a 2160 8 ra | RA amt ar ‘ 125 #1 = EWA contradiction 1242 oxen GRoUs~B 161 ca 4 waa pg | we be otc work Rs 4 128 as] BR BRA toatsipatesbe cspeted x Pade =a9 107 1226 SH LOD ED ado tas | BM (E05: enteness midnes ao pan Fan F945 182,139 71 ne EA Sreminutes 8 CRA onesel was | RB Really considerably w zy 1358 var] BR RAR power wy BY zy m0 rig | 8 RAE dienson; controversy = ae ams ig | FBR A028 — anmcphere; ambience ti RY 78 1499 125 | @& LAR —_ varied “Dons plants162 REMEMBERING THE KANJI II MixeD Grours~B 163 G _ eyrey our 182 3 ]e i = 5B AIED oor; destitute e vst | ®# OLE Eee aed poor 159 | &F EAB shallow or superficial learning Sih ay 183 $K ay ee : BR RAAEA cash; money 1252 | Hm A distribution 260 Be ay 1286 He % = ee yas3 | 8 FOB natonal Nag : BR vy x * 1763 Sm SAUL ples landing what a Japanese chess 1262 | The exemplary compound uses a kun-som bsg] BB LD ap IE vy uid 808 * 1167 ce . me hhh ‘What apts! rss | #* SFA fundamental ee ze 3 * 2188 165 a 24+ 74 jo7a088 748 28 Bok academic term oe teebA Taiwan Hat 2 FARM 3 (vehicles) 3 1264 Ls ¥ nea = qas7 | ROE fraud BSN a4 745 BR RUN D sloth;indolence ; 1265 % a * a 1766 rsg | mH we Japanese checkers i aA 748 1266 | BRR matic168 REMEMBERING THE KANI TT MixeD Grours~B 16s at oF 1099 146 we rhea 10s SMe WEEE Melita ZS PW father and elder brothers) 4267 | #% baA Teo and order RR ‘® r57\ brothers (and sisters) Note hat the primitive element doesnot fre as a member a e an 1276 of this group, nor is tt used as a signal primitive. ae 126g | RASHY ALC primitive oe PAs eaDd 434 WR HME orse racing ie 177 | BH BESTS competition ay 1060 1654 LédA, the “Bullet Train” (Japan's } ee 1269 ree tA ‘super-express train) oh x ug re | BR BORED eeracond ae ay 1688 7 1270 | FB HAH ID lowtide; ebb tide Hh Yarrvad 1089 ih Let blessing i) ae 1650 1279 | HR CD aeelebration an L@ ODA aweekly (magazine) mn we 27 108 5 Re toe self-denial iF ay 1631 1280 ‘denial 127. | FR ADEA, perspiration ‘The fina iframes of Section B merit careful study. Some ofthe read IF ay 1619 ings were learned earlier. few of them will be met with only rarely. In top| RH AED stent any event here we present the complete lit o in 3 ca 4 2 7704982 1555 a7 | a cok 5 (houses, buildings) Bete EAR teacher 1281 Hehe ae with all one’s effort ay m7 1683, tas | BR MAHA seashore16 REMEMBERING THE KANJI IL £4 Ya Pay is ee finite ‘one’s full name 1282 | HH Oe 6 Lz 9 farmer; peasant tte etsy 59 m5 1558, at Craw ‘woman weg | 8 LED ature deposition EE e409 706 1556 MBX signottherzodac tes | B23 9 Vemmsmorning so +e 709 1560 BEDE — realestate 4A 708 1559 rae sacrifice C. Remaining Mixed Groups As indicated earlier, this final class of mixed groups is by far the most difficult and—unfortunately—the most numerous. Despite the many exceptions, it pays to lear these characters in their respective groups. Fortunately, a good number of the characters included for the sake of completeness have already been learned under another rubric. ‘AS before, characters that have more than one standard reading will be treated in full here with exemplary compounds provided for each of their readings. Moxeo Grours~C 16 Sa $F 956.1004 sis ea 93 mp 1287 eR earthquake i » 516 rose | EM CA battery ii rae. mn MATS LOD ‘to enforce; carry out 1289 wie aot alms; offering (to a priest) th, x 38 ya90 | hE PTL (man’s name) fl a 1132 961 po | HA REA outsider, stranger aoa ® 998 904 1292 | Wi | UD sweet ws eee 636 we Olea 9 tration urinary 193 | RAD seretion ey om as BH ODED —_ necessary need 1294168 REMEMBERING THE KANJI TL MixeD Groues~C 168 mR yap m8 me Leth unde 1295 | This characteris normally read $+ (. H tne mn 1296 | ilk TA Le ¢ chastity; womanly virtue ff Me » 1297 | Ht ALS coach; director # Dados 0 oe Be Ue CK retreat into silence 1298 | HE retreat into silence + i Wi > 1299 | at FAA phoneme te Hi aYs4Y 1002 a9 ER BARC music 1300 | BR RSA the Gospet Be A ry 480 1301 | ea | BAR ‘memorization ite aA 101 461 02 | BH BBA seashore te nA 5 1303 ‘ete Come remorse fe <4 1031 458 ros |B BEKS everyday HE aA 00 isos | Mite Hum plum blossoms {5 7 989 306 | M2 BEES tumitition asgrace sa ey 459 1307 | WHE BAEK brisk; prompt % ny 1307 3308 | #2 HAA prosperity Pay special attention tothe following group of 14 kanji, made up of two readings and 2 exceptions. This isa unique group whose mastery now wil save you much contusion later. Be careful not to include Frames 508-809, where the present signal primi figured as part of & larger signal primitive. bi *Y 1302 1309 | Br = ED RI defense170 REMEMBERING THE KANII IT Moab Grows-C m= ii a 1387 ik ye 497 ya1o | 8 FEDER spinning torn) 1319 | B&FS HAUTE tohe deeply moved Di “2 $92 ee 7 1883, HE wot a Buddhist priest; bonze ae bt k x (eg, rail agit | bed. Fob-eA, Young masters (another's) son 1329, aces i - ti - cr 1312. | 8 LDA —_intererence; obstruction pa | ai value; worth Wi = 2 494 if % 32 1313 9 15) fat 1322 | atte OD to leave alone; let be ie 5 RY 1015 Fe yar si underlining (in vertical writing, Co aes’ yrocreation aia | * — FEP#A this becomes a “sideline”) sa _— = = (H. - E ‘om fit, ya? 20s wis] FRE 409 secetayere 1324 | Mis = Lx ¢ 5892.4, botanical garden zd Ff i apron 2 zi ee ” wm bre wa confrontation 1316 | #M DA, direction tgs | EM LED EE honest; frank yy me 493 wi |F# OL your kind otter R he ce ae 136 | BR 582d ToHo ad 495 , qaig | MMS (94K to visit (formal) t Be me 1327 mR £902 freezingwm REMEMBERING THE KANII IL MINED GROUPE C a8, ie ve tose 1383 tk +9 880 1328 | ®## = HALOS — Practice 1337 |@@ OBE round tip SR ve 2030 ep 1329 | BER HABA LW alchemy ee |* va? bu 133g | 2% LED dress costume fare) Bie ty 1301 ae 1330 | ER SAR —— displayyexhibit A var 6 1339 | BR PAL 5D arevard or prize iE yao 18 a fit = as 1331 | BA 59 Le injection asap | MLD indemnity: compensation RE pao 268 ae ped so. 1332 | © TAS 9 telephone pole IK Le Lx 5 conductor (on abus or tain) 1341 aE Fae 1982 ae yar 983 799 1333 | wes POPES parking ot po [Fe Bead extraordinary; emergency 2 / ale - oo 198 a4] to take notes; write down wag [RL CES ining hal yarn 7 266 ae by m7 =A Lie A, one’s husband BR -£ko litical party (in power) 13s | B= OF a Buddhist priest 1344 panes Gres fe Pad 995 954 fail assy 1410062163 10s 1336 | BP OL andres hk BH reasonorigin sas | 8 CBD freedom: freem4 REMEMBERING THE KANJI HL Mrxep Grours~C vs * 107 es its a? 1350 1355 |B Ae CK Cosica) coherence wee 1109 Hi bed ‘universe; space oe ~” bke comic storytelling WL Fay 1106 . HR = 9 9L LD abstraction Q ue 1348 5<09 dairy faming ah os mn 1349 | HM Le atlegwheet yee ” ” ; 135g | HE «DCC abbreviation yap 1108 aE we 295 Las hands-in-one'»pockets a 1350 | ™F Le was | #8 AA amount ofrmoney & a 21 ve 936 1286 rast | A CE each oneseach person BH WLe doctor cid ae 2159 2 ve 1287 1352 | fC characters nature AB Leh? boiling A aD 1624 De 9 1353 | AB SOR email RRR FOL « _ policestation Ba ee D 9? 1097 294 ya 1260 BREA Bek guest RE EAL “Indian summer” 1354] % Ded < passenger; tourist a i116 [REMEMBERING THE KANT IL MixeD Grours-C m a a w za z 2 (ratios) counties ‘1 (eno) cont 4372 | AM Ee colon: large intestine a Fa 1258 B 7, - Be bile an author - 1365 i373 | ®H RED boiling water 8) les na iy es = 1366 : Ssoliety coptage wa [TB DEED factory 8 yore tl wow w oe 7 lachanae:sbalieny, — K a a a Ba |* 29 130 1300 wa7g | RL Lot diseourtesy po] FB REED thes oa AK +? 903 ta a os ty |B BOLE order dpe an | 8% OED hoisting: raising . APRD a $M AC KODA museum 1380 | mre eer sambling178 REMEMBERING THE KANHT IT no a7 1381 | Wm hos Peppermint ca ar 1376 yaga | EM ES EEK straint restriction a * 99 wes | 92 ee bookkeeping (i HAHA 890 MEM = L£9-TA shopping street Bly” thorouehfare;highroa 36] we atts whfare; highroad iE "4 1s 138s | EL a 9 ptt lifetime; one's tite AE nA 18 1386 | #8 = HO cinnamon aE rA 155 1367 | BF Gee (Woman's name) fe * om qaes | fe | aK ‘excellent piece of work Mrxep Grours ~ C 19 #f 29 156 am HO envelope 139 | BH iD feudalism sa] | * i 1618 1390 | WK 2254,L2 areading room Bi = a9 1301 | MH EAR delighted satisied Be “7 1058 499 1392 | 2% BH explanation BE 4 a7 5 1393 | B&R eA tees Bi z a y394 | MRO acute; sharp-vitted Bi, ey os qgos | RE De tavevasion HR | # ay 1461 y396| #H WEA, age garden radish te 3 a 1397 | BR HOTA egrets remorse180 [REMEMBERING THE KANJI IL BR ye 1466 1393 | HR A infinity HR ae 67 BOR AROS — eyeball on Gavitta, Buddhist ceremony for consecrating a new image 1399 SR “y om 1459 1400 | 84 HATS bank iB a4 1465; sao. | 8 C2 withdrawal retreat x y m 1402 x LCA branch office or store x ba y 713 ae oR L£5 branch and leaf; nonessentials 1404 fe Leis thelimbs; members K * m see vos technical skill MixeD Grovrs~ i se * ™m 1s | BH 8 forked road a veo i vor | 2 G2 9A dren: jvenie iB vay x vos | 2 EDL 2S negotiations ib yao oar ta | PH LEDS tection excerpt 4 v29-*4 ips ws sche %ASL& 5 Ministry of Education yao | BA Aa reflection; consideration io + 10992183 a7 wu] eM seo sugar a ap 9 09 va} 8% EGES —Sseconds by tap m3 up| #6 82 queer curious-¢ 183 182 REMEMBERING THE KAN IL Mun Groves 5 WE 1688 te ‘ a om Be oy bos aa RES stroll 1421 ia ee an rate of commission * & apavmn (in Japanese chess) 7" . fos BORA wedding weception ne - 1422 REE DAOR, ag recept ea ot tas | 28% "22? interioriy eomptex Wh A 806 2 bankru tang | BH EA ney Although the readings inthe following eroup wil both be Emilia, its help to see them together. E B ia sus " tay | BR CAAT —_radlowares airwaves & aA 116 1239 % ins | #> ube Nod B i a an old woman 1425 2B DOK a FFA sag 1240 BE tL disciple f AA 1633 rary | ABD Fev brothers (and sisters é sa poem 1426 oro he a haiku pe Ke & 302 Ea AA 16837 . EAH —onease tig | &® ae < mans ar | * Ati ior a e sor HE a 1634 1419 ae Ott damage; harm; injury 1428 HOKE ket eA awaterpipe; conduit ik e as JE 5 1a vay | OWA, equinox 1429 | Ours emergency; extraordinary184 REMEMBERING THE KANT IL MixeD Growrs~C 18s 1430 | 2 BA, pessimism tas | 2 OED infer eS I el ae = ‘ ves 8 es = maat,| RR Bee the doors (ot gate) yas | 8 ECNO spi aE v4 983 1636 bork 1432; 8% Oe pully 133 1430 Bm bos bean cud; tofu = wa | SE RMT soy beans * 2 188 1433 | #4 baw Within the temple precincts i hy 1684 > tun | RE CARA smatnoe . ° 660 Bi 1434 | XH Le backup; support 7 i q Ls 1629 wa | ® bate 2 976 EL w@5 chamberlain com eet 1703 BR = EDD registration ’ on 7m sag | Bu bEA mountain climbing can — “ a ween at RO SALLY the forefront; van “ 6 HR RAE lead singer 1437 | BA Lota poet as | BH FO9 headache iF 4s * a ” es qa3g | BR LE invitation tag | BE DRA bumper year186 REMEMBERING THE KANT IL fo rao 08 147 | RE LD timpiditear a ay ue 1448 A RAS short temper ES » si wag | FE 2949 wool ef 29 1097 5 vaso | B® —-B429 the Wes Occdent BR ae xs tas | BH FOES ampects phase a 179 1452 ae ® e529 restand recuperation z "9 wis 1453 | B® £9825 ceramics manufacturing # vay 1088 1454 See Lol e 5} cradle; birthplace iF pao 0 ass | HM = Lada xeD Grours -C 1? fee ey ssi tas | HAE LA teak 5 gee 45,1111 548 ioe Icom (surname) us7 | 2A GCA Stem oman T PA o ao 06 a TH ‘Claas ligcoutey 1458 =Te (Cb 29% city block No. 2 Wy ao HA EDTA: merchant Fee “ wat BE DTH apex; summit ae so RT WAbro prefectural office 7 4 WE SERA (anksvings to 34 165 wh AED bet titt ae ww WE “Che cometin: reson188 REMEMBERING THE KANUI IT ‘MIXED GRowrE = 189 4y » a HK ao 1697 yas | HTS KES to topple (from power) a4 | RM FOS pivot Hy x s» R we 1068 ost Ste Lous adoption or rejection He whee Promise 1466 ees 1475, Bi aS 820 i ye 1023 1669 1467 oe betta petting 1476 | BBR C9 EDA highway, expressway Bd ve v4 821 ig aa 1206 1670 tie | BLA latest: newest tar | MEFS Br de toadut reguate Bie * a ww) oe wer 1469 | HH SIA Photographing 147g | BH Lx 9b x Imperial proclamation K , 10 aR ; “= art és ato un | #z BC vein 179 sae ‘aenalen Ei a = a 24 1665 un | RR tA intiertamrosne ra Lévy reliance; trust BK ’ < * 1699 vs vay 785 1472 Loi eS L eS Europe Pare Lr 9 ¢ EE pine, bamboo, and plum ne A word of explanation aout the explanatory compound in this (ee be oe Jame: becuse of thei sistance to the nnter cod, the pine bamboo, and plum often appear together in end-ofthe year 1473 | weet BOR blow; assault ‘decorations. From there, they have come to be associated with 1481 | fev occasions genera!180 Renensenanc THe Kava I veo 19 vaso | FE LED legate x tix 19 mors 784 waa | SH CORA pubicpar Hi + 6 tags | €4% 3939 venerable old man 7 HE mA 66s sags | TBA propoes proposon in Me 74 390 tes | 8% CED ake 5 # 576 388 us) | BR eo absolutely by all means ai va 1038 9 143g | GAR problem kc a mm ago | 52 E CED craving: ppettes ambition S § = 19 140 | ®% «EK LO bathing room Mixep Grours ~C Bi e 22 788 yagr | MA WOES deep ravine; glen ft ye 8 68 v2 | BH OTK slang; vulgarism tt ~ ms 1493 | HEBD sugpls; breathing room e eye? ee FR EELS bygone days yao | FH CA Ee ¢ —pastand present Ca + 1561 1495 | Rotate ‘census registration ti * 7 1496 | te | BARU narrow defeat Sif oy 118s qao7 | mR KE mibcup; mistake fit vee 1186 ragg | H&L RA, debt iaity it , uss 1499 | Hit tH measures; steps192 REMEMBERING THE KANUI IL ‘MIXED GRou?s ~ 193 ea ad 1054 18 oF s aH Be! 1500 | 2% BAO ie tvetinood er iG ay ot im fi = RDHD —_—_aleembracing; comprehensive ae 1658 1501 eA H Sa “a 1510 tae 1502 | PH ~SKatD — eloquence BL Se 1660 3 BH — UL anodes narrative poetry Fra Py on 4 1511 tsa | BB tA telephone R oa 1659 ¢ 7" to go sow RE 988 1497 112 | *FFS reo 'g0 slowly 1504 | uta, dictionary Be i 1663 the = £29 coating with paint fa aA ou Be “we 1505 | BOD recessrest 38 b noel sia | ES HD atfeayzon the way a 2 1133 1593, fy +H ree reservation AR 2 be 1506 wis | #2 FRC blank space; bank Bi 1595 1507 | B® an deposit (n bank) cy a “s tsig | RATS LOS to gather data or material Pa 1594 150g | FX as preface (C0 8 book)194 [REMEMBERING THE KAN II Sey V4 94 1086 682 Mt EUSA cos posesionsorveath 1517 Ma ahh wallet x v4 104 ost wig | Rt CAR ents wi wu 1623 519 | A NOTA cloxingtme ata shop) if * 662 1529 | AE LBL conductor (ofan orchestra) ig * 302 tsar | ED 8——sperdors dating britiance H ay 201 1522 ea ala CA, navy iE oy 1067 303 1523 7m SHED is ports: we an RA 729 ims wehA —ayouth ACLED verdigris; green rust ixep Grours~C 195 ti W 44+ 4a 0D 1535, HH BML mind: poche 152s | FRE ELD indolence; sith 4a 80 1539 id ano dean we Lao Ux 9purity: innocence eteyy B 1536 ei Léa application; petition 1527 +i LA building; construction Ni “4 81 1538, asog | MR BTA earshies 1 Hit 4 52834 1540 tsz9 | ME BOL stands ce A vay 8 1537 1530 | att AL 9 feelings; emotions ae on as] BF BEDE condition: state ME ree mo tsar | BR FEZ seutpture: status196 REMEMBERING THE KANT ial yao 37 1x3 | BR RA LoD Geomtrence 38 yay me as 134. | Le omA week x at 1522 1535 | AF A810 9 Le the above-mentioned person x) WA 1523 ss MTS ADV — toimpeach K ” 1520 1537 BL ie LA fucleus wl 7 1s: tsag | MMR CLC O ED ence as a im 1539 ne teen Pa ow 1732 1540 | #* Lr St private study library ad “4 1m asa | 48 4b L£ 9 homophony MixeD GRouPs~C 17 Ail 1542 wi v4 eh Ee ‘leanser; laundry soap 1730Chapter 8 Readings from Useful Compounds We have now completed everything that can ve done with the signal primitives, but are stil left with 701 frames to complete our study of the Chinese readings. In this chapter we return to the procedure fol- lowed in Chapter 6, focusing on the exemplary compounds. Although ‘most ofthe words that appear in the following 237 frames are not com- ‘mon to everyday conversation, they are all words that you will meet fre= ‘quently in everyday reading materials such as newspapers, magazines, billboards, street signs, and menus. If you have studied the language formally for a half a year or more, you will probably know atleast a third of them already, 5% wed es 1sa3 | Bi HOSA pronunciation ale ? m 16 1544 AL Roe carpenter Fy ’ 4 1545 eR Hind Japan's “rainy season” se 28 ns 156 | 8 — C9BA—_ Aplamidea being considered “az FR wy 1554 1547 mie (ALES — (national) constitution [READINGS FROM USEFUL CoMPOUNDs 199 fr a4 1087 1602 qsag | MA ARM the “Kansai” disret mK by 538 1549 | Oy EAro —_porkentlets 1 44 ou By, 9? oid 1550 | 38 le < trouble; inconvenience F vy 10 ass. | LA ity R a4 a1 I veo 1510 1552 | REL Dre buying oft h an m2 w Vy 2108 1 1553 | x ES b> Independence Be oA 6 ab y » 370 issa | ut EL repeat: abolition ' 987 150 asss | te kB tract of landREMEMBERING THE KANO IL READINGS FROM USEFUL COMPOUNDS 2 a 27 0 x - = 15557, SF UAES population tit 2 824 1151 4 isce | hh BO man and wie; couple = ao 1622 on ~ 1557] KB TAOS the Emperor a va te AE He? 263, 2085, 209 Les Prime Minister !} a 1782 155g | “2 RAE assistance; financial aid K 4 2 396 EN wd 981 E tsos | X# BW eothing (generic term) i Fd 157 HE a4 3 a Fi = 1559 Ee reciprocal 7 6 ’ 1567 | Ba HLA“ hp, murray!” UK ~ i” jf oy 5s a iid 173 AA 7 os 1560 | Hak RITA, spatching (eg a detegate) 16g | 88 LED thous ideas x a2 ™ 7H a 1561 | ARE (9 1A, admittance into a hospital iso | ome eee, a ty as » a4 me saat 1562 | SB AEdICS themorrow wy e” 160 iso | PNR BA anaverage © 10 1088 yao 008 i 2, a 2 1563 | fet FL 9 Lathe “powder room" ie es em «CED children juvenile202 REMEMBERING THE KAN I [READINGS FROM USEFUL COMPOUNDS 203 2 M8 wy i - 7a BK § oe iss | #l AREA — decision 1572 | MR BL eC Ineretation 4] fh ey a 2 s 1532 | SSR CLL DOA office suppl 1573 xa bad complaint . 7 3 if =o ns C C+ Crete 1s | #8 809 C2 holiday day off pa 1 7 ky te 148 ve 78 saad aseg | CRB AED peninsula eR Le¢le CityHall WE vey an yao — 1sas | ta LwAdeA. atinstant;a blink of the eye ee Led recruiting if ww st oe oe e2 1ss6 | BATS LATS — advances progress me hota fine; penalty = si +A 1032 am ie 4 a 3t ye 353, 1578 | s6tt bu position; status iss7 | #3 LS form: formality BR “ on vad 0 1100 1579 | =a CD rect; immediate 1ssg | Loo # £9 eeligion fl vy 6 1620 = + 1781 a er seo | wie BEDE _fvesignon research204 REMEMBERING THE KANIT IT READINGS FROM USEFUL COMPOUNDS 205 HS rao 7 pe 164 zs BME ©9529 apublichearin BB) FA» statements comment (for the 1590 ae 2 1599 press) BH yy a a te ws iso | #rtt br OtA townsand villages 1600 | HA ‘sphere; range ilk nA 1370 T yao ” 1592 | ‘lt eH Cetevision or radio) relay 101 | #7 Lo 9.) £9 condusion; ending Et ve 2206 848 pe ay 1641 ‘ cabinet minister bel a4 1922 En yy 1m 1594. | 4000 em a break inthe deadlock tas | BM ESHA blackboard Be We a4 im Bit. eae 1598 1426 WR = AVL influence 1595 y60a | mak 5 interest appeal ng 5 ik S = ig hee _ 1596 | 3M RAB Postponement; adjournment y60s | BIE wD restoration; restitution ii ; ay 2007 & 7 8 1597 | BBE AAAS address; speech 106 | 8 PEA, charge; burden responsibilty sa an 108 106 yee ye 36 1598 an hoes 1607 Hae SCHFA, reduction; curtailment206, REMEMBERING THE KAN I READINGS FROM USEFUL ComrounDs 2m cy 2 932 ims & ve 950 160g | BH == EDED — armed robhery 1617 | ASK smallacale construction aE a vy 21162225 1953 A e 1756 109 | 88 bao suicide isis | 2% Ob 2d — ferttzer & “4 sss K 2 a an 110 | 8% © Le position (onan issue) wig | CMA dimension iff vs 27 m x ve as 1611 | RK He 815 fishing industry 1629 | 8% cla oneself personally iy 9 2020,204021682170 1386 Le ve 125 reerpt (of money) harvest (of tor | 2% 2 TA development expansion 1612 | Lasoo ee [ a Bt a a a 962 m 1613. | we Cw b> establishment; creation 1622 | A th surgery aT %29 9742202238 a7 tt th es ae 161g | EE Fz DAV Governmental) administration 1623 i Eo ; vA 4u ne ae i 30 a4 rs (economic) boom yes | #8A —eEANCA, —_stiminal offender 164 | FR Toe ( hae wo a EE so i ee _ t 1615 1616 | @E& «= FAD large-scale construction 1625 ikl partake wale?208 1634 foundation; basis [REMEMBERING THE KANIL IT READINGS FROM USEFUL COMPOUNDS 209 cay ust iB ay 1136 963 165 | FBR 02 954% ccscommentator teas | B® 2A CA publicity propaganda HK 2226 on ~y 116 1627 | HOt dependency IRE Arisls im full bloom a G © mt a9 1378 BR Oden negation , a sy = LD DAA kindergarten ay 1s | ” 28 43,2157 20 HA CLD tact eoy 1016 EA EOD permanence; perpetuity 4 13H Fie OW LW LA the Melfi Restoration i aD SL iz zy 1458 i, i ms sel LE CK tablesalt a? 1893 182, cate Aetna reforms reformation me pe 108 & see COR anattack a 29 ws7 261 1640 x oe , Z 1632 2 9% x Imperial Palace 28 =e 2B 1881 = AD AR profit gains i 2, his teat fii vo 1680 5 i oe 8 za ee ton | BR DBD pursuit we y 294 am ft210 REMEMBERING THE KANT READINGS FROM UserUL ComrouNs a % ‘, me nA 1509 i 1 aH Hard contract; agreement 1643 | RH OLD expenses y ine w te ot RR Bt indictment ous | BA BRE Haman tyes ae 509 6 a4 687 Cas Rib Permission 1645 | 8 oR portable be 340 R yao 8 116 HR — EDK debates discussion ig | SR BLED weather 5 vy rms we ay 450 @R ~— LASO medical examination t6ey | BR EKA aiorder contusion 29 mw ° & vad 298 De werd above; more than. 16g | FH CESS crea ve 1619 fF re 959 AS Lee kind: ype rg | BCPA ate mater “ xe * 158 18] 2° 183 Sef RITA, abstention (from voting) 1650 | #4 25 intention; incination ay 1079 & to 947 1660 Aa HARDIE ctectric fan ae BMESD 1651 ‘reply; answer212 [REMEMBERING THE KANI TL 4 ya 3028 1661 | SM KCAL @ Japanese sake Bh y om 1662 | ELD privately owned and ran Be a 207 on 1663 | HF F9-AEK —_mathematies He v4 os 1664 | EM LS sponsorship; promotion ‘it a 1603 1665 | i Cn fed price fa ao 1044 1665 | @A BABS monetary circulation; credit on 1667 | Be LB the four seasons & wy 2 166g | SH EDA, sericuleure; raising stkworms mu vy 6 1669 | FR FSH get READINGS FROM USEFUL ComPounDs 213 1677 78 120 bt v2 1365 | ee £986 amma emh a ee? DBI 585 1671 EM £5 %*< arrival (ofa plane, train, ete.) i vy AS + * ct iin | BB RAID crt ert sate A av =” i $2 130 WE] mm cakes dint RR vy 7 ik ¥ a 1674 | LAD A, woods and forests ae te rey tors | RM EE trenktronghssrmonming j r as 1676 | 9% at, pollution HK vA 1368 RE Bet spiralling; continuous increase2a RENEMBERING THE KANI IL READINGS FROM USEFUL COMPOUNDS 2s 1695 be @ ne fi eo 1903 16g | 8 E9O25 voting: poll 3687. | BH FPEEC positive cd a4 1160 At “y 1184 1679 | tH ete arrest apprehension yess | BY — Foes absolute unconditional BE ye 525 187 ca ya7 2066 1909 e%& = 092 ettcency taking up ajby finding 1680 tog | BR Vw Le < tinGuna ie an 20 i a ams 1681 | 298 EAL 2 5 entirely destroyed by fre 160 | BH RHE atinude: manner % 5 KR - v4 167 wy vay oo 1423 1652 | 2% FA calamity disaster tor | BF D8 9AK studying abroad et vy 566 am fi) ve sat 1683] i ED DD — thelaw 1692 | RY 9 BOLE #R oa 1709 1815 1H * mn 164] BOR SH reopening: resumption 1693 | MR #9. LB confiscation: forfeiture a 7 K Ana 238 iii “ey 2089 1464 1685 | EX — BYITA pet dos 1694] FM = BD season A, a m ‘Ki oe 948 1686 | @&B BARELY goldfish bow! BR 2A (Government) policyREMEMBERING THE KANII TL READINGS FROM USEFUL, COMPOUNDS 217 a 2» 195 x 4 _ = 1696 | *# [54 < happiness ys | Bet OM easy facile K oy 66 B a on Ra Hot, defect; negative poin i ecentiiee 1697 ae aw regative point 1706 EAS Whar ittec E a Nee 7 125 : yao 44,1951 1806, BOR ae : 1698 ee ey 1707, | ®t TALES ceiling Ga 24 ms H a i 1699 HR toa ‘sory; honor 1708 REA CSA wife (form of address) ue ” ss i _ om a : ae 1700 | BE DAL a ino | Ae br > 8 (latami) mats in size wl, ve 5 e . 1701 | =® Be L w A) isthe following, which literally means “playmate”: Wi 2y 207 1087 1795 me woes — sharlot ‘Those who are brought up in strict controls are referred to in Japanese as having been “kept in a box” or raised in a “se ‘luded inner room: i yy 1308 1796 | BB LATED tree upbringing Whereas English thinks in vertical terms to classify something as “top secret," Japanese moves horizontally with the image of apolar extreme: a7 1637 1903 1797 | HTK ofutmost secrecy “The genere term for aristocracy or peerage is embraced inthe following term: ve < im 179g | i BRK nobility Like most Western languages, Japanese thinks of innocence ‘ and goodness as something “white” Since the white race was FAR | atien—even “barbarian”—to the Japanese, the term was eom- pletely devoid of radical overtones.230 1799 REMEMBERING THE Kant TL aD 1548 ma (otk integrity; innocence Like the English word “twang,” the pronunciation of the com- pound for a nasal sound almost seems to reinforce the meaning: ORA nasal one a ‘The Japanese term for a “breather” has one literally “resting one’s breath”: ih 10 tor | #8 Booed arest As is often the case, an opaque English word is perfectly ob- vious in Japanese. Ifyou meet the English word rayon for the first time, you need a dictionary to find out that it means “artificial silk.” The Japanese is clear even to a beginner: i ay 1368 1so2 | At CAA, rayon Here is another example. Until you learned something of Latin etymology, you would have no idea from simply looking atthe term hibemation what it might possibly mean, The Jap= anes is crystal lear, even to a young child, & ‘ a 1s03 | 48 £5 AA, hibernation ‘And yet another example. Ifyou look at the characters of the compound below before looking at the meaning, you should bee able to understand its meaning precisely, even though you don’t know how to read it. The more familiar you get with the ‘way Chinese compounds work in Japanese, the easier you will find it to read complex material containing terms you have not A PorPouRRI OF READINGS 231 learned before and understand it without constantly having t0 pull out your dictionary—the way the Japanese themselves do. BL ny on 1804 | test £9 A, aboyish face ‘The Japanese compound for toglodyte presents yet another example of the transparency of Japanese; in English, one ‘would have to be a Greek scholar to know what the word means the frst time encountering it. wR + 1316 190s | BA — Bo8 £ CA, troglodyte;cave-dweller ‘The term for atiraction means literally “pulling power.” 42 132 319 vb 2 ¢ attraction ‘The compound in tis fame isnt one Jou are kl eer fo tse in conesaton, tough you wl id writen occasion I: In ypial Japanese fashion bring together a number of Renjlociated wih the major ital of ie (coming-o-aze, mata, buri and ancestral veneration) and weaves em Into ingle compound Py oe a6 EMM AEA, ceTemoriaocasions “The sense of excitement is communicated aptly in Japanese by the kanji you learned for “entertainment” and “stirred up.” zy 565 Re EDA excitement Japanese frequently creates generic terms by picking two mem- bers of the class of things that belong to it. An example is the ‘combination of the characters for “stomach” ang “intestines”2 os A 1809 [REMEMBERING THE KANH TL to create the term for bowels: 4 2» a8 eb eo bowels In the same way thatthe Kani i adds a sense of vitality to% Hb (> & 5) and 4£¥8 (48 Va s->), it also enlivens the kanji for “cheerfulness” ad 162 qsi0 | RR HD ovalty ‘The word shiek by its very sound conjures up the piesee and shui ery of en animal witha high-pitched voice. When Japan ese wants to speak of the sound we humans make when our ‘voice tighten in far, it uses the kanji forthe ry of a bid in | pain MS 44 ies wit | 9 Gay Ashok steam 1812 Japanese often combines kanji of nearly the same meaning to produce a compound word of greater force. For example. “bending” and “folding” join to create crookedness. ea? un am 262 crookedness cia) dL 1813 At other times, a compound can reflect the various stages of a process that are hidden in the English term. For instance, the Word gleanings involves a “picking up" and “passing on,” a8 we see here, yao 2081 667 4 1768 wm eit Le 9% gleanings Be | Like the word abnormal, the Japanese compound in this frame is ambiguous, used for praise, pity, and criticism. A POTPOURRI OF READINGS. 233 1814 4 1197 Re WE £9 abnormal; exceptional 1815, In the same way that the English word discriminating can indi- cate a vice or a virtue, depending on its context, the Japanese term in this frame carries both meanings as well. s 588 eal ano discrimination 1816 ‘The compound in this frame is composed of two nouns, the first modifying the second. This procedure, which is common also in English, was inherited from the Chinese. 19 » an oor 9 favorable criticism the 1817 Another example of the same sort combines the two nouns “too much’ and “spare time” to create a term for leisure # 1882 ei im leisure 1818 Although modern Japanese writes the names of most coun- tries outside the “kanji belt” with katakana, it is still common to see abbreviations of the older names, especially in newspap~ € headlines. Ths frame gives two of them. BA 1870 a 1809 “a eee < Thailand ae D8 East Asia ‘The two Kanji in the compound shown below were learned in Vol. I as signifying respectively “artisan” and “expert.” To- gether they combine to mean one who has attained a high Ievel of killin a particular trade and has consequently become a teacher of it.REMEMBERING THE KANJI IL ¥ 1269 yey 1693, cd LL —— master-teacher Literally the expression in this frame refers to “building a roof atop a root.” RLRe BC LID ad RTS 2¢ 5th wheel on the cat a 3d 1821 ‘There are any number of Chinese characters that have come to be used on their own, without combining to form a com- ound. No attempt has been made to single these out in the ‘course of this book, since they are better learned through direct experience of the language. One of them, a very com- ‘mon one, appears in this frame, “y 284 a AA environs; neighborhood As we noted earlier in Frame 1238, Japanese likes to link the ‘names of two places by taking one character from each and forming a new compound. Sometimes this involves putting an ‘on-yomi where the original names uses a kun-yom; at others, using an alternate on-yami. The following example shows both of these procedures at work. aA 938 32 ey 132 BUR 19 A, Ar Tokyo-Yokohama line (railway) 1823 Another example of the same usage links the names #F #8 (2 3 4D) and if M (FE ¢ 7E-C) to identify the mew tunnel that Jinks the two cites: ay 1902 Wi atvassA, — Aomori-Hakodate (Tunnel) A PormourRt oF READINGS 235 ‘The everyday Japanese expression for the conjunction in any case or anyhow, has been affixed kanji that mean literally “horns on the rabbit.” The word for “rabbit” appeared in a note to Frame 1972 of Vol. aD 1812 RICH — LIC in any case; anyhow For festive occasions the Japanese serve a steamed glutinous rice with red beans: 1826 +e 2113 m3 AESILA, ice with red beans English refers to the two halves of a game as “first” and “second,” Japan as “before” and “after.” a 1379 tee c9KkA the second half ‘The opposite of pessimism (see Frame 1430) is given in this, frame. The last two characters incidentally, are the usual way of denoting an “ism.” And, if you haven't learned already, the small 2 often replaces syllables other than the full-sized >. fd 981 1735 sem PEL optimism 1828 ‘While we are ati, let us learn the terms for two more “isms” in Japanese. * 1783 aad 308 Geeege SAE LS ¥ opportunism ERP P9EC hedonism waam ti2e Another way of describing an ism’ is with the suffix 3, which ‘atries the particular connotation of an intelectual sytem of236 WE 1829 REMEMBERING THE KANII IL ‘thought, Here isan example ofthat usage. a4 2164 556 With WUSIDBA, materialism Like the English term wake, the Japanese carries the sense of staying up through the night. 2 1408 * 920 1037 me oe awake; vigil 1831 Here we learn the name for the famous Japanese sword, world renowned for its strength and precise craftsmanship. by 3 BAN ICRA ED Japanese sword ‘Standing alongside a flowing river one day, it occurred to Con- fucius—as it had to his Greek contemporary, Heracitus—that such was the state of all things: in constant flux, never stop- ping. This is captured in the following phrase, literally meaning “the ery ofthe river.” : a - om F&E29 cpu oingaeintae” 1833 English refers to the over-avid devotee as “fanatics” or more colloquially “freaks.” Here is an example of how Japanese achieves the same effect: 2 szms at ae Po ans = {LE srooktcaksbookrem ‘While Mark Anthony was happy enough to have only the ears of his audience, Japanese asks for their eyes as well A POTPOURRI OF READINGS 237 1834 2 818 xh vee ‘one’s attention 1835 ‘The common term for in a huny puts together two characters of similar meaning, a familiar device in Japanese + 1835 6 Ft Bot 6 — inahurry;at once Now watch this! The repetition of two primitive-related characters takes the same meaning, except that one is for more general use and the other for a“quick” closing toa letter. 22 1335, 26 a 3 24 HE) pe 5-49 — inahurnyina rush ts36 |B EDED—“Hursedly yours." Japanese refers to someone who doesn't drink—or not very muchas being"under the door.” The tipster, logically enough, becomes “over the door.” _ = 1076 Pole we atectotaer 137 | EP CxO E — atipster ‘The swan to the Japanese is simply a “white bird.” rae 19a AG e¢b2d oman ‘The fall colors, to the Japanese, are either “red leaves” (more common) of “yellow leaves.” The pronunciation isthe same, 39 402 1750 a? 28 em con5 — fallcolors238 [REMEMBERING THE KANIITT 1840 ‘The Japanese word for a fool brings together the Kanji for a horse and a deer, (the latter being an abbreviated form of the ‘kune-yomi). The word is apparently of Sanskrit origin; the as- signing of the kanji was later. “« 2221 1978 Be ihe fool 1841 ‘The order that English uses for expressing things in pairs is often reversed in Japanese. For instance, we say food and drink, but Japanese says: Az 1474 %% ~~ WAL 6 food and drink ic) 1842 ‘Or again, we say north and south, but Japanese says: 7, 2235 1613 ast ANE — north and south 1843 ‘The Buddhist monk who wanders homelessly in search of the truth is likened to the “clouds” and “water” that move cease- lesa by 23 Rk 9A itinerant monk 1844 ‘The character F can be used asa prefix to indicate either the sense of the English prefix “auto~" or to refer to “oneselE”” An ‘example of the former was seen earlier (Frame 1005). Here we see the latter usage. a4 468 ARTS Cth to fix one’s own meal am Japanese is fond of using double negatives, asin the following idiom which means literally “without neglecting anything.” ‘A POTPOURRI OF READINGS 239 oe 2237 100 reas | MTR CLS slick;smooth ‘The terms for high (and low) blood pressure are constructed exactly asin English: ni a? 1448 1346 | ME 51D B High Blood pressure tH 1847 ‘The character M is used commonly in Japanese as a prefix to indicate in-laws, A similar, curious usage appears in this frame. e um am we false tooth ‘The idea of filing into one's own rap is expressed in Japanese “ying oneself up with one's own rope: Zoo 137 aie EES? tatinginto one's own tap 1848 This frame should give you an idea how helpful the signal, primitives can be. The second kanji in the exemplary com- Pound wil be new fo you, but you should be able to guess its reading from what you learned earlier (Frames 704-709). ae + ae a5 1849 | SEAEAL oh & timotants aro 1850 ‘The Catholic pontiff is known in Japanese as the “King of the law,” a word once used for retired emperars with Buddhist names. Japanese Catholics prefer to call him the ‘teaching emperor” (5), ao 1106 2134,2241 751 BE FED%9 — thepope[REMEMBERING THE KAN IL mn, 1851 ‘The Japanese phrase for a slowdown strike is closer to the British term “work to rule.” The full word for strike is b > 4, but itis commonly abbreviated to its first two syllables, vay 9 RRA b CWAITD —aslowdownstrike 1852 Japanese alo has a word for a walkout strike: & 2032 nese O81 > walkout; strike R 1853 ‘The names you see on Japanese tombstones commonly end with the character for family, the custom being for a family to share a grave site. The Chinese reading of the kanji differs from that already learned, 7 281 sat we Ce The Fukuda Family A POTPOURRI OF READINGS 241 ve on Bhs a 1956 | ‘tem 9B 9 — ratondere The frst two kanj ofthe compound below mean “empress” and the last wo ae a erm of respect. The term i teserved for JG | teviteottheemperor at open he 29 1861 Be af i310 13597 | aver C2E2 — Herdtighoess the Empress Aah ‘The Japanese equivalent of our Christmas cards are the post cards bearing New Year's greetings, all of which are supposed 10 be delivered on January Ist. gay 234 UR HEED New Years card 1854 ‘Where English speaks of getting “off the ground,” Japanese speaks of “getting on the tracks.” 5 218 ting started inaugurating mmicms BZ Qi geting i ‘Because the abbreviated character for “happiness” is written in the form of thee 7's (%), the Japanese refer to the 71h birthday asthe “rejoicing age.” * 14s Pe 1565 Ce eco ‘one’s 77th birthday I 1855 ‘The piracy which has moved from the seas into the world of l= legal copies and clones has made the same linguistic shift in Japanese. L2 357 eR hl HEA, pirated edition Notice how Japanese uses an image nearly identical to the English in the following compound: ‘The Japanese term in this frame is a neatly literal rendering of, the French phrase raison d'etre, which has found its way into English. A 8 “4 446 1860 | #3 EOE background; backdrop Although the Japanese now refer to their famous high-speed sayy | “bullet train” as the ‘new trunk tine” (Gee Frame 1269), the HHL | English term had its origin in a precise Japanese equivalent, ven here:242 1861 REMEMBERING THE KANT II ee 1931 wy 4 MALT FAM AL ballet train hole 1862 Paddy fields under water are called simply: ry 4 AB FTA reespady fields 1863 All-absorbing enthusiasm is expressed in Japanese as an “interest anchoring in every post.” vy 328 RoR BOD ee ET, dubbing with enthusiasm Like the English word contact, the Japanese equivalent con= notes asense of touching directly, Bin 1813, Me HOLES contact 1864 We express the ida of rig in the morning in terms of “get- {ing up" or “turning ov” but for the Japanese who sleep on the foo, the equivalent term is “rising from the foo.” R yao a tg6s | FR = LDL D geting out of beds rising ‘The Japanese term fora roll ca is “point call.” 2 1485 RR TAR roll call ‘One of the ways Japanese expresses the suffix “able” is by the se of the kanji for “power,” asin the following example: A POTPOURRI OF READINGS 1867 2 70 an bx < buoyancy In the same way that the etymology of the English word ‘excellent suggests something that rises above the rest of the pack, the Japanese compound in this frame suggests some- ‘thing that “excels” by “deviating” from the norm. yay ons 45 1973 Bt Leow excellent ‘Precious tones become “treasured stones" in Japanese, aD 237 2a FE Date precious stones 1870 Here is another example of a compound whose meaning you should be able to decipher merely by recalling the keyword meanings assigned the kanjiin Vol. 4 364 BEM WSOTE overpowering itt 1871 In English, children have to learn where cotton comes from; in Japanese, itis clear from the kanji ay 1367 ett Bhim raw eotton ak 1872 The colorful Japanese phrase for giving one’s seal of approval has one “banging out one’s judgment on a drum.” 2 144s BH -RLATHLA, seal of approval ‘The two compounds in this frame offer a typical example of what a big difference the long vowel can make in Japanese: a[REMEMBERING THE KANI IT slight slip of the vocal cords and a handshake turns into a foul smell re 1059 yay 2 ae S¢ Le handshake BR Le 5 stench; bad odor 1874 ‘At Japanese funeral services there is often a public reading of ‘4 number of felegrams of condotence, which itis the custom to send in Japan on such occasions if one cannot be present, rae 1233 Be EDTA telegram of condolence 1875 Japanese fire alarms were traditionally described a8 a “half bell” yao 438 ‘i (AL £9 fre alarm; alarm bell A POTPOURRI OF READINGS 245 1879 ‘You will often see the following sign on a small clini. Here again, the meaning should be obvious even before you learn how to pronounce it. Pa? 1933 BE Le ote veterinarian ae 1880 |As in English, Japanese uses the craft of tempering metals as @ metaphor for spiritual and physical disciplines as wel. ay 1800 ie ot feActes, temper; discipline ‘The character AE is frequently used in Japanese as a negative prefix close to the English “un-” but often carrying the addi- tional sense of “not yet.” aA 540 ARAB CED attempted suicide Btn ie ‘The Japanese expression for a skyscraper takes over the English image precisely: 2° 930 1876 | RR CASI shyscraper {A professor emerius in Japan is given a tile that bestows a gz, | “name otrepue” = 3 1939 ABER BE yrofessor emeri 1877 Erote? ‘The compound in this frame is a good example of how the same term canbe used for exactly opposite meanings. tH + 9 1878 RIF SK a masterpiece; a gross blunder ‘The Japanese term for something of an ashen color comes out as “ashowhite.” aa 168 RAG DWIE< — ashencolored LE 1883, One of the expressions Japanese has for going on a spree or painting the town red is “overpowering play.” a 583 BRT COWS — merrymaking: aspree ‘The Japanese expression for a wind-bellis almost an onoma- topoeia: faa for the wind and rinnnnn for the tinkle of the bell.246 1884 [REMEMBERING THE KAN IT yy oss 1406 Mi ODA wind-bet ‘A POTPOURRI OF READINGS a yao wan 1990 | (= FAD ©2 — asativieal poem Japanese abounds in reduplicated sounds, a number of which \We have met already. Here are three more, beginning with the Word for buterfye Fae sat MARA rd 2 Madame But 1885 BA aa syg_ | Nethaword denoting tains or prosastnaton = + 1067 tag] B* = bo late; sow ‘Taking a mishap with quiet reserve—or “philosophically” as, the English idiom goes~is expressed in Japanese by reduplicatng the character for “fai ay 164 1887 | RAE ALA, “philosophicaty” pi. | And ally curious phrase for meticulous attention, mean ing literally "grain-by-grain. yao 92 1888 | Me — 95D w 5 assiduously 1889 ‘The “voicing” of a kana syllable which Japanese indicates by ‘two small dos is referred to asthe “muddying” of a sound: aD 835 we ESA voiced sound i) Japan's version of the limerick—or short and witty satirical Poem-—is called a “river willow” and composed of three verses ‘of 5,7, and 5 sillables respectively. 1891 ‘Although the baseball world has taken over numerous Amer- ‘can terms, after adjusting them to suit Japanese tastes and sounds, there ate still several expressions that retain their ‘older form. One of them appears below: WA ims RM L24% —astolenbase Combining the characters for an “old man” and “decayed” gives usa suitable compound for decrepit. way 1283, a BIE wD decrepit Not unlike the English expression, “Spit it out! is the Japan- ese expression for speaking one's mind: » 151 Hi ee speaking one’s mind 1894 Ifyou look on your carton of milk at the breakfast table, you will probably find the following compound written on it some~ ‘where, perhaps giving you a better idea of what pasteurization ‘means than you had before: ie 918 Bn o8A, pasteurization; sterilization att 1895 ‘This characteris generally used all on its own and refers to the deep biue that you sec in so many ofthe traditional blue-and- white Japanese fabric designs. ay 1758 we LEA navyblue248 REMEMBERING THE KANT IL Oddly, the Japanese refer to a lightning bolt as “falling thunder.” a4 425 =m Cb — abolt of lightning Since we have already learned most of the st, let us complete the listing of the first four of the old calendar signs still used {to enumerate things 29 219 13 tomo 197 | P2mT S2R2, ABCD The Old West spoke of “roping the herd with one thro while the Japanese speak of “catching something with one cat FR | ofthe net oy 07 ita “BL? — tocatchallatome 19g | MAE eta Omhala 1899 While English speaks of “manual labor” (as distinct from ‘clerical labor"), Japanese speaks of “muscle labor.” Tce “ osm FS 5 manual labor SI 1900 Like the straw that breaks the camel's back or the spark that sets off a fire, we are shown here an explosion ticked off by a single brush ofthe hand, 22 1482 — ame ZY ES anexplosive situation al A colorful expression for “tanking favorably with” someone ‘has one “standing up to the shoulders of” that person. ‘A POTPOURRI OF READINGS 29 ae 20 1901 | RTS OWA torank with Christian scriptural imagery has given us the expression “to sweat blood” Japanese has an equally graphic image: “crying UK | dood.” wh 1082 1902] tH = HOS bitter tears ‘The Japanese term is more direct than the English when it zp, | comes to “henpecking.” Note how the word for “house” is 7EX | often used with the sense ofan individual person. i ea? 13 % uM 188 1903 | BHR —-& x 9TH anag:henpecker Wi 1904 In place of the three large golden balls that mark the pawn shops of the West, Japan uses a kanji usually in the compound given here. (Note that the second word isa Japanese reading.) ut 1037,2208 437 am Loe ‘pawn shop itt ‘The character featured in this frame is often uses asa prefix 10 ‘carry the sense of the English suff “resistant.” aA 1164 ros | BAR RT water-resistant By making use of an outdated work for plagiarism (literally, es | “stealing from the womb”) Japanese has the following phrase AE | rocadapting something to new use e? 366 1906 | RESH FLES recasting: remodeling te Roky250 [REMEMBERING THE KANI IL Jn English we speak of something that is deep black as “jet black,” a term that takes its name from the hard lignite called “et.” Japanese uses the idiom “laequer black.” ve 92 1907 | HH Loe k deep black in color Fifj | THE Hee that grows wi in marshes and swamps gts its own ‘name and its own kan in Japanese hy 0 10s} *H FED wild rice 1909 ‘Traditional Japanese cookery reckons 5 basic tastes, captured ‘hore in an uncommon compound. The first two characters give Be foetand sou the second and third characters refer ‘metaphoriallyo the “bitter-and-sour” disappointments of life. (The last character, by the way, is rare.) ay 1757 gee 77. 1496 DARA ak Can g, Set SOU, hot, bite, spiey i 1910 ‘Though a monotonous sounding language to the untrained car, Japanese has definite cadences important to the lan- guages. Naturally, it also has a word for it: a2 1700 8 EE intonation; accent 1911 Instead of short circuits, Japanese thinks of electrical lines “leaking” the same way Water pipes do, Bo 1068 ame BOCA, — short circuit Most of us are used to thinking of the seven stars of the con stellation Usus Major not as the bear the ancients imagined A PorvOURRI OF READINGS 251 bbut as the “Big Dipper." Japanese agrees: k 4177 sche FC ELD the Big Dipper 26 xB 1913 ‘The character featured in this frame refers to a part of town. (in particular, the old “licensed quarters”). That it should be linked with the character for “public” to create the character for the cuckoo bird is due to the fact that the pronunciation of the compound is thought to approximate the sound that the bird makes, as isthe English name. aD 1802 BA H2T9 — exckoo bird 1914 “Cloak and dagger” intrigue is depicted in Japanese as a “ghost in the gall bladder” (the gall bladder being the seat of ‘courage and fearlessness, the term also means simply spirit”), ay 2021 ale EAteA —— undethanded scheme JB 1915 [Note the colorful term Japanese uses for the ovaries! aa 1422 79 1927 ak SALI — ovary 1916 One of the most difficult Japanese words to translate is the single kanji given in this frame. It combines the sense of fate, providence, and "karmic affinity,” ay 1372 ® Ake predestined affinity ca ‘We speak of people who “eat like a horse” or “drink like a fish.” Japanese unites the two idioms, substituting “whale” for sean252 1917 REMEMBERING THE KANII TL a4 3s fame TOOK make aig of oncsett 1918 A showdown is often described in English as “separating the ‘men from the boys" Japanese gives its own twist in a similar idiom. =e, 13 Weite = LBd& — ashowdown RFS “ote Pad ti 1919 To be “big on” something or “intoxicated with” itis described in Japanese as being “pot drunk.” We shall take the occasion tolearn the word for pottery. be 196 131 & pottery Fe fascination A POTPOURRI OF READINGS 253 ‘The following compound combines the wind and lightning to create an image of extraordinary speed. ve 1686 RR LosIvA i| Baw lightning fast siz, | Like the curious idiom the Japanese have for it, the watch FEL | stem isstowly fading from everyday life. yao 536 tor4 | B89 watch stem wy 1925 ‘Although the kanji suggest someone serving as a mediator by serving drinks, the actual meaning is quite different: yaP 1029 semuse TOUS S matctmkig In sumo bouts and other sporting tournaments a special award is often presented to the athlete that shows the most “fighting spirit.” Here is the compound that is used: ay 826 weBNA ALLS award for fighting sprit Urd 1926 Tapanese expresses the idea of “running here, there, and ‘everywhere” by characters meaning “running east, fleeing west": 1196 wae EDA, samprunteeriaer 1921 Doubts that “gnaw” at us on the inside are depicted in Japan= ese as devils working their dark arts in one’s heart. * 2m woman "U4, gnming due ba 1922 ‘The “jaws of death” become the “tiger’s mouth” in Japanese: 2 1990 ao zee the jaws of death, 1927 ts ashing example of something as a “turtle patter The mage comes rom he facta the character for Meare one referred toa kind of ol used for making of cit sels. * 534 ae eve ‘a paradigm; shining example ‘The lights that English likens to the opening of a flower, Jap- nese likens to the glow ofa lightning bug:1928 REMEMBERING THE KANT IL 7A sis mamir PSE? torescentght bute ‘The darkish, brown tea you are often served at Chinese rest- aurants in Japan, as throughout the Orient, comes from ‘Taiwan where it got its name as “crow and dragon tea.” In ‘order to give a “Chinese” flavor to the sound, the on-yomi for “crow” is lengthened and that for “dragon” given a reading approximating the original ’ 1944 BRK YOY dark Chinesetea ‘The “face” that Orientals are sad to want to save and to avoid losing is written in Japanese like tis: 1932 *? 19 5 1930 | @8 BARES faces honor Japanese contrasts temperaments which are cheerful and bight with those that are dark and gloomy by using Kanji that the Chinese used to distinguish ight from darkness, sn from shade, These are none other than the words populrly known tp | inthe Wes asyang and yin respecte. as 47 1592 WR EDR cheerful 1931 wa AR Bloomy “The apes of 25, 42, and 60 for men and 19 and 33 for women have traditionally been regarded as bad-luck years in Japan. ‘Though hardly anjone can ratte ofall the numbers for you any more, everyone will know that they exist and are likey t0 Te ‘be reminded by their friends as they approach. (Note that the second characteris read with its kun-yom) ee sais, wie 2 CEL abadsluck year ‘A POTPOURRI OF READINGS 2s5 ‘There are two words among all the on-jomé that are virtually identical to English in sound and meaning. One of them we learned already in Frame 931. Here is the other: ay 1965 4 bh a(tin) canChapter 10 Supplementary Readings ‘The final chapter dealing with the Chinese readings falls into two parts of roughly equal length. In the first part I have included what seem to sme the most useful of the remaining readings to know—or at leas, ‘those feast unusual. The second half of the chapter picks up all the left= ‘overs, uncommon and close to obsolescence as some of them may be. ‘Without wishing to slight the reasons which the Ministry of Educa hhas for deciding that all of these readings belong to the ‘eneral-us kanji, the fact remains: if there is one part of the book you would be justified in skimming over lightly and not cracking your skull to master at this stage of your language-study, itis this ast section. A. Common Supplementary Readings A ae Ws 8 1934 | BH 89 Fight and let both sides til a2 16028 1935 | MA Adil margin (of printed page) Bs y 399 1936 | BH ODD Frontside and back a8 ry, 138 1937 mr Mor Postponement ‘SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS ~ A 257 we a4 785 1938 | ef = Nod atallel cid ay 2167 rots 1939 | ALA devotion B oY 13 1949 | BR BAA delicacy (food) ie a i 24 1993 {85 a 1919 19s, | me Bee falsehood; untruth a > wx 19a | 8H SE patna isolation Br ay mn yous | BU RASA, piece fragment Bel ey ams 1944 | OAE frequency tf v9 116 yoas | HA © -E9IC wd insertion Be ya sss 1945 | b 290 Imperial mausoleumREMEMBERING THE KAN IL SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS~ A, 259 B ¥ 753 ty 29 64 qoay | 2% LED propriety; reasonableness 3956 | HR «EDK constraint restraint iw Par 285 Pl +s 2006 669 SH LeAdn one : ‘ 1948 patrol; rounds 1957 | BH CAR basis; foundation fii vad ur fi, var 30 1753, 104g | 8% EDL ES ornamentation . characters; distinctive 1958 |e ELI feature if as 943 1398 fie 4 29 958 Be EYEE regulation; controls on 1950 a “ 1959 | 8 BOA perfect composure FH a 44107 1306 i my = Wr we llwell 1951 1960 | sie 4 929 —_“hospital ward Be = 2186 437 } ite vay 560 HM 4949 5; delusion . 1952 Siegel 1961 | tee «OA raiication ne PS A 5 toembs > # ~ “ “ 8 5 0 embrace; cover, comprise 1953 2 1962 | 8 be odd afew; asmall number 4 > 5 ie He RICA * “ ié ot me 1954 POS ENTIRE 1963 | 2% LeteA quarantine Bt 29 1808, HK ae 1990 te de> agriculture 1955 1964 | €% Cadets evaporation260 [REMEMBERING THE KANII SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS A 261 JL we 32 “ #& y 1782 1532 1965 | “FL AWIEA, Commonplace; ordinary to | RR Lot simple; unadorned ie “> m9 Be yao rn38 1966 | M88 DED ination; boating jo7s | BH Ee a rele (tafe jam: delay “yu i ay 1167 Be var 2020 3967 | a REC REA, lca extreme Jem Lw 9 _—_-Beauty or upines; personal 1976 appearance rs | BE RAE ar 1977 | BH «EH ED bombast; exaggeration e = Sl in Se = re = 1969 cect tog | WR LOLA, advance into atte 5 fa ay ue Be es a 1970 | #4 Be Politics) 1979 | BAF FH ree Worship; veneration le es wt ve wn in | ™ % Ralones A DAA —one'sneighbor Bi ey sit a4 ane on | RE AA — guestof honor sci | Rha tao rad s zs 387 Ab a4 1270 1973 @ 2942 transcendence eth E94 supreme command202 REMEMBERING THE KANG I SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS ~ A 263 Pie » 1687 Iu. an 1508 193 | MOTD lug 1992 | th BDA, Seream; holler big ae wn bE yo 1985 tose | HSA every other year 1993. | BH -ZDED —rowsagiation o ae 2078, 1078 233 16 #9 ss iss | a *o Le ¢ — overnight outing i994 | wm CoeA torture ce ai re 189 Hi aa 179 1936 | HRB TAS 2D microscope io9s | EID buried and forgotten Se aA 20 KR ao sors 987 | a8 avo Ux amass of (something) 1996 | BR ab Ate ¢ choice; option He 20 1318 eae + 156 1988 | 298 coe egal) appeal 1997 hob unity i ae os ot = 18 199 | aft That appendix; addition yop | ait BHA prayer; petition R 9 asm 6 be 915 1999 | HEA (musical) accompaniment 1999 | 29 £5 Wl transparency ‘al, pay 494 al ay 1208 c solid gos within the sphere (ea of ro | ate conta gong | MY BAR sens)2 [REMEMBERING THE KANIT IL SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS ~ A 265 ay 226 g ae 134 RE ALD —toleramce apo | Wie FA" Prvlonal temporary = 68 29 je 44? 1398 Re bia model; pattern ou | #8 Be CSD massacre vax tox ir os 126 H® UAL 2 ¢ embelishment;oursh ain | 2 | BAaRanasis os rm ta > 378 HR Le wA pardons amnesty gos | 2B 725 monthly nsatment es 823 aD 1509 2005 | BEL C disgrace: dishonor an fe 5 2A. censure; arraignment te 2 ps7 “ 2 ay 2006 | G8 = Lr 5 e Proof evidence Bie OED boiling BE a4 a eet 1093 512 Nu SA WH precinets; ground: he | EWE end-of-the-year present recincs; grounds Be ny te an 1924 ‘a SHES — mourning 2008 | &a Bai — blond 2017 uid es yy or A Gad 17322196 m3 2009 | BF = DHH< —Caleplane) crash ais | Be Cle < — fmagnet266 REMEMBERING THE KAN IE SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS~ A. 267 a , 1900 i : 1039 219 | me 229 clay modeling 202g | me ALS incear reactor i” by 1220002168217 1355 R sy te 2020 | ME 5 E9 Fermented soybeans nor9 | HAA flames; blaze ae “4 539 919 Bi oe 1146 20a. | FE LAI newrlee 2030 | sate = Sle & chases pursult a e ay a8 'f 6 1314 Fay 317 i, ae ROS depravity corruption mor | BR Aw 5 insects bugs aa =a cia ay 984 269 as a 48 1085 a we * 166 232; me 8ocA 203) mR Le suggestion es a wor 95 Bi re xen = goss | FEDS sate fata; circumstances *8 CATS Shinto shrine eal x aso (99512162 98 te a 1330 2034 | xm ter SE (one’s own) wite 2025} wih = SAas¢ _hillsand mountains es 5 +e 950 359 i 74 1858 235 | 2B brOkA oldestson B® — CED posting: sending my mail 2026 eee tat Hy + 937 it . ta WR ote pine, bamboo, plum one 2 ee Frame 1481 for an explanation ofthis ter. 2027 | JY Ew tutjuice mons LeeLee!268 REMEMBERING THE KANI IL SurpLeMenraRy READINGS ~ A 209 E 7 6 a7 £ oe 1080 un 2037 | BAKO E9 CA carclenmes: insecurity aos | Wee AL fasting; tase vey us ea ea agains 1s 238 | #5 = 25 ED equality ia a 28 iss goas | BBR ROTA palace fe + a 1182 a iil ws 2039 | fe #19 work operation ou! a 2047 | Wate autopsy aa a4 sm 767 ay ty 1612,2020,2168,2170 1386 Ui vat 1954 Ath Fe 9 cash-accounting; receipts and Be Lr < entrusting; commission 2040 Byeen 2088 e i . = = a ee 6 roar | Le Ke infant 2049 | ie = EAB 9 destitution; penury a 7s 2a cs “ey 1610 ; Ahtthe —viistudes changes New Year's food of rice cakes 2050 eR tote boiled with vegetables 2042 | Note tat the second kanji read with ts on yom a a2 315 x Cb the day after; morrow 2 ’ = 2051 | 28 Be 9¥9 feathers ous down fate e . wos ina due: d 4H tae ie z 252 | BP bed a daze; enrapture ass | 3 $9.9 E>. Japanese“wayof the bow"270 REMEMBERING THE KANT IL SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS ~ A an th we ie 2054 | we OCA, exceptional © wy om 2oss | BIR FRAPS atransation fe oy as a 2056 | te = LAY benevolence and justice a ee is nosy} Me BAL radually step by step po 71 1145 2058 | BM CAG A erossexamining (ofa witness) & 2 1s 259 | ®* *ILD — loss B ee 1082 ane) | FH HL. bestow 4) ay 1862 2061 | DR AED lus; vision 2062 | #F whi mitigation BE a+ 2122 1689 2063 | BH = ARO ED epidemic i ~ x 2064 | Bede, hhh softening; mollifying a 28 + 1321 2a botd asphyxiation ee ee oe 1682 Coa Lebar sloped surface vA 806 2067 | Be EERE chotarship grant PIE ny 1315 2068 | MR AITO cae i +o s 2069 | BK onedy one; minutely 2070 em Bee dangerously ill z 3 fe 149s ron | EAS dimm REMEMBERING THE KANITI SUPPLEMENTARY READINOS~ A mn cag ay ver ie ono 1813 «on nor. | MR PHA barbarians rosr | 22 © 222% 100,000 Gn oral recip) oi 7a 1566 wk * 1994 2073 | Ht =e d-CD easton 32 | 2 BOE — sports game fp n & var 1o14 de ~ 2 rom | &F LwAS > person of great talent 2g3 | i BK rasp; grip = we _ 6 re ” 1m 207s | #8 AK conmotation noes | tem | FARK cruel 7 - Bie a7 15 aR var ims 2076 | RR CK leap aogs | BM CL ek seelicptne Ha a 1380 ah Pa 1689 1969 2077 | mK OUT, elegance: mysteriousness 2oge | weit = 2 3 Cw attainment; accomplishment e ny 1074 1985 283 oath skirmish; okt B, Uncommon Supplementary Readings _ “ 183 ae a 7 1760 2079 | MR GSOLA, wedding reception ner | ee eRA rebellion 7 Ms vey 90s aE +4 263,1565 1499 2080 | &% BL 1D petname; name of affection #4 yao 209 2osg | ¥# SVL25 prime ministermm REMEMBERING THE KANE SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS ~B ns fii ae 1638 6 H ? 1556 " nogy | sionm ES, New Yearsdier aos | CCA oration Al Z a y 264 os a ay 1018 1587 2090 | ER Be vil; amiabtiy apg | FE BALES thereignng emperor fE yay 3682207 an Ba =” 109 1026 2og1 | FH Le Ew masterand servant 2100 | i DRA, audience; audition ‘i wr a 4 tay m fam eax enderstipsofpaper on which 201 | A# = RMHED atendal ord PAE poems are writen - g . cs y 484 296 * ss z sommer solstice nos | | EAIED em noo | XS t = ; om tk a4 1084 957 ai tem COE getup: 2oog | FR AC annual tibute ae ares 5 pe sy 406 21 * soo am ou F Ya 505 a1 nos | BED L® aMspear”in Japanese chess oa | es CA) 9 brllng; erection 0) v4 sos 35 eso om 1331 2996 | 8 oS allyeverything we en te oe a 2105 | RB 82949 amyprovsons eR x 1063 9 z= noo} OTe ‘misfortune; bad luck a # 2024, 2086 1033 ning | BRT CE, impr Howenols ages26 [REMEMBERING THE KANI IT SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS ~ B. a” iE 7 ie = rs oer E mA anz0s 1483 a7 | eu wR in te mountains aus | Mi £98 mutual ofietng: cancting out HE * 1704 1810 iff yay To in 2108 | ta toe hatred an7 | me b 29 fisherman == e veo 41 1836 4h, a 738 aio | XM REEL asenoan sie aig | BM -B2CO ora: z a 2 1388 1100 ai] ae as 833 * tod ao | #5 x > materteacher macy BD cused;damned = 2119 | the second kan is read with ts Kuno IE aD 468.1019 1198 z ain | 28 LS out: arrangement eB 7 7 1573 # 2 | eG sexo magimte Ai ’ 1066 » aa| ame oe being and nothingness bid , 7 1394 3 an | Be RA amsiety fear Ms yao 1825 1743, ae 213 | #8 Le SED alloy of gold and copper We +2 2063, 1689 sem TLE 2? cod of the pl 2122 Jam” god of the plague jinx 4L 24 si 1087 aa] ROMA hihprase gy Pry 109 a am | 4% CAR thiserening ayy tay 982 1400 ye ais | #@ Cw thespanof onesie te +9 1932 2124 tee BAD cherry-blossom viewing party ae778 REMEMBERING THE KANUI IT SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS ~B Fa ww we a ne 1106 18502241 75 aios | HAR YD moved totes we kok ordinance; law R 2 = Sw yee im 191 2126 wel oneatrow ai3s | HB LD ED eparted sous i sao 1329 IK ty 2007 BE SEHD — dunezsandhi (a first person singular reserved aT. sil be DA for the Emperor and not com. 2136 pounded with other kanji) fh aA 909 ee 212g | MAR = FE x 9 shaped lke an ear of comm a4 sn aisy | HEM alteration; change a ay 97 us az 2129 | PH BAILA, —— deck (of a ship) cad vae 262 398, aig | RE «LED EK costume (or an occasion) Ww — K a4 sr if 2130 | a pet 9 playing a wind instrument eat a HL 2139 | kM Eel saminda . yay 145 1506 Ki PrP? 167 555 Ike #? 1514 2131 | MA = Le 9 Le ¢ attachment (Buddhist term) aig | BE LANES tiendsipitimacy RK a2 1708 os Bis a an 2132 | HR —LAst 9 the depths; inner mysteries aia | BH BAN agolden pheasant Hh 29 “0 1839 ig a? m0 233. | Bt «EOL villageshrine aigg | PR EPH she eat carapace280 2160 REMEMBERING THE KANSI TT ‘SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS ~ B a1 ta ay 2a 1683 ny 1912 2143 | A ASD complerity trouble Wi «LILA, abolition ofthe feudal clans He “ wat 1993 ve 1009,1411 ur aaa | me ccs empty space; “thin air” nis | SOMME Le lands (ocr and san) We 4 ae 1805 ae wy 1026 2145 | OB eta Palace asa | #F Bhd under the influence of i ay 00s 10s Be yy m 1980 2146 | ARC negligence; oversight ass | BH ROMA mia Ae ff os mu a ae ons 884 247 | BMH OTH atarmwhiste aiso | BR «BE DAL prbonwith ard labor cl 5 ig ey 718 ear K , 8.1638 1016 214g | Teal BEA, lowerbed asp} BR A teri (f| ‘ vos om rm 1) s 156 1165 2149 | WRES Br 9TA adbergasted aise | HSE one’s ding moments e a4 1390 KS 29 Bs a 2150 | BB FES aebitiy aso | ME EDL tice eS o ay 1591 aia + at 96 2st | FA BALA “heartstrings? fev 2D lgned ilinessREMEMBERING THe KANN IE SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS ~B 283 x oh 1s Ls) py donazomz0e2t68 186 aig an “aes ee a EHE awardrobe; closet k 2170 The second kanyjt takes a kun-yomi. =e (3),951,2034 93. aie, | RE CANCE heavenly maiden us ee 1695 HA ain | wie = oT match for; equa to oa 14,1006, 1345 110s 2163 | th wx pedigree; lineage my be 3 Sue «EDA, comextens KE 2172 25 4 1329 eS : 2164 | MAR Wee < _wingy submisiey Ey ae an 3 # 5 2173 ea ai5 ‘concave lens cuba) a i ” ve w 1880 DMB LALA oe 2165 QUA tintneartes e a 180 RK ma | BR BAL cocoon thread “ay 284 a 2174 2166 | *F Kol ‘youngest child BS be = e traveling on foot mk ay 1939 105 27s | ei boi ing [2167 | —m& oem seu (ofsae offered) te vee vest ie beo® protrusion; projection Lie) > 1s12200200,2170 1356 2168 me vi = aa? 33, second kant takes a kun-somi. Wem 25529 antigen os ne 980 195 2169 | ** RIES atowering tree ke « ao aig | BE BATA cloudy shies284 REMEMBERING THE KANM TL SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS ~B 285 2179) || = B29 CA, morning skies 21gg | SESS bed EA tobestationed (somewhere) Ii ter 159 ‘uo ay reo m3 21a0 | BR Bebe isnhert nig) | BH — EFT hing boat > a cae 2031 Ww 1692 agi | M% Ce AIT taweabiding 2199 | AE concealment i ay R Se su ik Yar ow isnt 962 4 resh verdur zigz | RFS FASC hiding out aig | mm LADS “e oe ~ 2° 1 rr 1755 thand presi 2183 | mae BMRA alove affair 2192 iia moe ‘wealth and prestige BE * ie Dy , us 363 ns | B® eS work of charity risa | EID excessive praise ti i “4 us. ce tag we ER x passing away, death 2iss | ie Leo cle watercraft EX - : = is yy Ke *D 1932 487 . ay Lee ting (Chinese) . : % reciting (Chinese) poems 2g6 | *® — FR9VA caress, wild remarks 2 ie " IR va tos “The following three frames contains readings of kanji related to old = ‘weights and measures which are no longer used but stil judged tobe of ERPS ~Atv —retumgiving back historical importance.286 REMENERING THE KAN T At 27 17322018 13 2196 226 one kota (tree) 4) ya? “6 2197 Veo Le & ome shot (about 38 pint) ir + ins _ 2A onekin (bout 1316s) 8 8 CLA death by one’s on sword 2 us 135s RE LAK cximon “ ne 8S ERS pledupsnow ’ ia 60 te BODE ocr box page boy x 1107 1156 wwe cote — dietante 2203 | The fna kan takes @kanyoni vg 1037 1908 97 BR WAS 2204 pledge; commitment ‘SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS ~B 287 Me 1105,1833 8 zaps | MBA 6 EDTA. punctuation marks Ee whee 1598 348 2206 | HEE © LAris——aretainer; subject $e ya s6sa001 sn 207 | ®% LED ED tranquility composure ite ao =m zoo | eM PAH taundey; washing dy +4 (56) 686 —HEt WEYL fromito10 2209 bos th 2 207 210 | AY Cw Air < —rustcsimpicity ith “y 168 ni | i «— E2RD clumsiness; ineptmde we « 60 2212 | «LAG —_Iumiant growth (tres, ete) Ba ay 113 mig | BBB {0A aneas ie ofretiement z[REMEMBERING THE KAN IL eat 1891 2214 Be PI LA one’s innermost feelings Oi ae 2s ms | BB Om intimidation; menace tt ay 2038 2216 | Fae Anes sincerity: purty of heart Lis vs 91 27 | BLA the common people Bb vee M6 mis) BR RAL abaron Ae a 82 2219 | Pi Se 9£9 — goldenmean; happy medium ‘We may conclude with a number of supplementary readings used for rather common Buddhist terms. Buddhism has traditionally preserved its own distinct readings for many of the kanji (see Frame 2131). These ames should give you some idea of just how different they can be. tA yay Lidia 1657 0 assaint SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS ~ B 289 1840 1978 a plague on which petitions are 2zi|| ** inscribed and displayed. Tie ? 1083 9 ; temple dining room or ving am | HE <> a cn ee 1641 1681 fia Cy K —_benelitof having one's prayers ama | P< tothe Buddha answered &y we 4p 1377 aay | Mt TAKE D Buddhist religious service ee AK “7 1600,2116 1493, BER LOLED the injuet ig Ss 24? the injuneton again aking ite tk 1627 m ms | Me 8A conversion (religous) a a a wom | HE LOD wore pations ES so 1026 1792 mag | WH = L969 accumulated karma HE es 1999 Fi Baek, Dect Pack (legendary ste ofthe zag | BMA BCPA ee tat sermon)290 REMEMBERING THE KAN I SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS ~B 21 E 3 ust 181 = i ust ‘1 ae 14s 100 rs om a tk (2 Us the Tatlgata (Buda) FE | ie em, Ti Attamata St Ba oop EA, ais tet reared in patclar yy 874,1614,2034 a3 by the Kegon Hua yen) set *r 0 1396 : GW BANS religious plrimage fit 2 as 1814 a zai | BRD —__berations emancipation va m9 1857 i 7 = we ao39 | RUE Lo 9 allsenient beings fe ttning one's heart avay trom | m3 Ae Hiotemane a ae m ie transmission of the robe and a. = ee epg Man symboliing the passing eget = ees Vena tn of wadtion from master to 2240 sector fe : 1s ee ae ne we ay 1106 1850,2134 751 i te 73 ey FR OLA—aDharmabody zea | BR LO HED asceticerercises ma Bw . 1B “ 1139 1802 1613 Wishdoeg fils SEB Z taking in"; protection by & pay x 1295 yo > L@ buddha or bodhisattvaon one’s We 2202 vay to salvation | wseps nesns Remus ne Name of me a Bel M22 woddha”(achane popular in tls 2 2235 Pare Land Buddhism) , ee A ce oes Rasthomows tte of KOs, Founder of Japanese Shingon E too OP 997 wag) BER Se Riddhim tay ™ 2736 | AR LED tile of reget fora monkPart Two JAPANESE READINGSChapter 11 A Mnemonics for the Japanese Readings ‘As explained in the Introduction, the kur-yomi or Japanese readings of the kanji differ considerably from the on-yomi treated in the last ten chapters. ‘Kun-yomi generally stand on their own as phonetic units and not as com- ponents of compounds, are often inflected with a hiragana ending, contain far fewer homonyms than the Chinese readings, and admit of no “signal prim- itives” or any comparable device for associating form with pronunciation. If ‘anything, the Japanese readings of the characters present us with a problem ‘much like that we faced in learning to write them, at least in these two respects: (1) they have no relationship to Western languages; and yet (2) they can be broken up into component or “primitive” parts. What I would like £0 {do in this concluding chapter is outline & method for taking advantage of the second characteristic to weaken the force of the first. I do not anticipate that ‘what is written here will come as a complete surprise to anyone who has al- ready struggled with the radical “otherness” of Japanese vocabulary and toyed around with memoryctricks of one sort or another. What I hope it will dois hhelp you think more systematically about your mnemonic devices. ‘Were Japanese words transcribed phonetically after the manner of West- ‘em alphabets, it would be impossible—or at least far more trouble than it is ‘worth—to assign meanings to each of the individual sounds. But since Japan- ese divides words phonetically according to syllables, such assignation is com= paratively simple. Most of the monosilabic sounds that make up the sillabary fre themselves already Japanese words; and those that remain can choose a meaning from the full range of available Chinese readings studied in the pre- ‘ious chapters. The main problem is to fix ane meaning to one syllable. Once that is done, virtually any Japanese word can be broken up into “primitive ‘phonemes” much the same way as the kanji were broken up into their prim itive elements in Vol. ‘The presence of variant hiragana inflections need not complicate the procedure, The forms and functions of these inflections can be left to gram- ratical studies. For the purposes of this chapter itis enough to focus on the root-words to which they ate appended. For example, when # is used in a ‘Chinese compound, there are no inflections; but when the Japanese reading BE A (dhe 5) is used, we can generate forms like # > 7 and att. The foot-word 27 remains unchanged. Should it happen that the root-word un- ddergoes significant change or is too short or confusing on its ov, you can simply lear the “dictionary form” of the word as a whole. The main thing is296 to find a natural, comfortable way of linking a new word to its meaning, (namely, its foreign equivalent) without allowing the inflections to interfere. ‘When it happens that a single kanji has several root-word readings, each reading will have to be learned independently as belonging to that kanji. In fact, most of the work of linking Japanese words to kanji has already been taken care of by the key-words you learned in Vol. I because the vast majori- ty of the Japanese readings will ear a direct, logical relationship to the mean- ing of the key-word assigned there. Once a Japanese word has become “second nature” and you no longer need to mediate its meaning with a for- eign word, the meaning-writing associations established with foreign ke)- ‘words will adjust themselves as a matter of course. ‘There is, however, one complication which—if itis any consolation—is, ‘as much a headache and a fascination to the Tapanese as it wll be to you. A ‘800d number of kun-yomi can be written with more than one kanji, with a slight ehange in meaning. Though writers frequently extend this principle ad Ubidum, there are a restricted number of Kanji in which itis allowed in the general-use” ist. ‘Let me give an example, admittedly an extreme one, to make the point. ‘The Japanese word &'4 uses at least 9 characters to capture its variety of ‘muances, 5 of them (marked here with a *) belonging to the general-use list, ‘and most of them having other Japanese readings as well. By appending the inflection 2 to any of the kanji below, the reading 2: 2 is possible, but with a different connotation each time: ‘8 to take in; absorb; take the place of WE to catch (sh or game); {8 to harvest (a crop from the fields) * BE to pluck (as fruit from a tree) * BE to take (photos) '® to take control of; manage * He to take and hold om to (not throwing away) {8 to take (what belongs to another); steal * fil to take hold of firmly; grasp Distinguishing these various uses of the word & & is not something to be learned in the abstract by rote at this early stage. Ifyou wish to study i later, there are dictionaries enough to supply you with the necessary information, For now it is best to wait for these distinctions to appear in your reading, as they eventually wil, A MNEMONICS FOR THE JAPANESE READINGS, 297 Preparing Flash-Cards Ju wish to contin using the fas you made fr ding the kann {Vaya procedure high secommend vil pf know abt more aout Now the relevant Indexes readout anf ge some thought to the most efit way of sing te femaning space on Your ears Lets Begin wih same den completly fied voter «|e vamx——PA | (<) Aockaninswament ‘play musi © | ka Cr) voce; bound +o F wo, bey tale ‘ee? ‘Ala... The asterisk (*) on Side 1 indicates that the kanji has a Jap~ ‘anese reading that does not require any inflection. In this case it isthe word fe % meaning bullet, : wh infle= BM... The ¢ on Side J indicates a root-word to which the tion ¢ is added. The complete word is C* ¢ and means 10 lay a stringed instrament. Cie... Similarly, the 2» indicates the inflection of the word tt ‘which means rebound or bounce. The kafakana at the top of Side 2 indicates the on-yomt of the kanji le... The compound (or compounds) at the bottom illustrates the on-yomt. indicates the -. The number on the bottom right of Side 1 indicates fs Time number of Vol 1 in vhich the writing ofthe character ‘was explained.298 REMEMBERING THE KANOI IL G.--. A memo can also be included between the double lines on ‘Side 2 (see Chapter § of Vol. 1). ‘Tosfill out a card or group of cards, follow these steps: 1. Go to Index 5 and look up the entry corresponding to the number 4 Inscribe the kun-yont indicated there at location a-¢ on Side 1 ‘of your card. If there is some particular reason for learning the ‘meaning(s) of the kuyomi at this time, consult a dictionary be- {ore filling in areas A-C on Side 2. Otherwise, leave those areas blank until the word turns up and you need to learn it. 2 In the same entry, you will ind a number corresponding to the first appearance of an on-yoml for the kanji in question, Look it ‘up and fil in areas D, , and e 3. If there is an internal cross-reference number in the frame, check it for additional Chinese readings and add them in the same way. ‘These 3 steps represent the fastest way to fill in your cards, but eave you with the problem of how to review. Merely by looking at Side 7 you cannot know which kur-yomt you need to drill and which can be passed over for the time being. If you proceed in this fashion, you will have to include some ‘small mark on Side 1 alongside each kun-yomi you wish to learn oF review. Alternatively you can follow these 4 steps to enter new words as you mect them: 1. Look up the Japanese word in Index 4. (Ift isnot there, the word has not been assigned characters in the “general-use lst.”) 2 Pull out the corresponding flash-card and add the new ktu-yomi fad all the on-yomu! and exemplary compounds (ifyou have not al- ready done so). 3. Consult a dictionary to confirm the meaning of the new kur-yomi and fll cin appropriately 4. Set the card aside for drill, together with any other cards whose ‘contents have been completely filed in. To facilitate adding more ‘un-yor later, you will find it helpful to keep the cards separated in groups from 1-100, 101-200, etc as we did in Vol. I. After you have acquired a sizeable number of cards for drill, you wll have t0 ‘set up for yourself a routine for drilling (1) from meaning to writing, (2) {rom exemplary compound to on-yomi, and (3) from inflected kanji to kum- ‘yom. If you worked your way faithfully through Vol. I, you may feel that there is no longer any need for drill (I). In this case I recommend that you .) Finally you should note that in cases where a compound was used to represent a phoneme, the meaning derives from the entire compound rather ‘than from any of its parts. In some cases this means learning a new word, but never a useless one, ‘The Mnemonics at Work. The method of memorization based on the Syllabary of Primitive Phonemes consists in relating the conglomerate of meanings of the syllabary to the English meaning of the word in the same way that conglomerates of primitive clements were related to English key-words in Vol. 1. Without repeating what was Said there, afew ilustative examples should make the point. Begin with the examples given on the flash-card on p. 297: A = une = ee ‘The relationship indicated by the fist “=” sign was established in Vol. 1. What remains is to replace the English key-word with a Japanese word. Begin with the specific connotation of the English word, which we shall take to be “a bullet fired from a gun.” Next we consult the Syilabary of Primitive Phonemes, where we discover that 7 means “another (person)" and ® means “room.” Finally, We relate the elements imaginatively: Picture yourself sitting in bed, pistol in hand, shooting bullets through the wall and into the next roam where another ‘person is busily scurrying about collecting the lead and melting it down into new bullets which he then returns to you so you ean carry on. Ifyou can see the wall riddled with holes, through which you can see that other person in the next room, the picture should be complete. Of course, you may have to learn the ‘meaning of the word * , but that would be necessary in any case, Let us consider another new word: = grave = thts First picture a specific grave that you know. The primitive phonemes we have to work with are it (tooth) and 7 (mosquito). Now exhume the contents of the _grave in memory, turn back the lid on the coffin, and discover a smiling corpse, completely intact except forthe fact that it has mosquitoes buzzing about in the hollow in its mouth where the teth used to be. (Or, alternatively, you might pic- ture the corpse of a giant mosquito smiling through its large, white teeth) Here is yet another two-syllable word: fo. sk. 2a ‘The primitive phonemes ® and 2 give us the meanings are and sewing. Picture yourself sewing a kimono for the Statue of Liberty by using a tree trunk for @ needle and silk thread the thickness of a lumberjack’ rope. A MNEMONICS FOR THE JAPANESE READINGS. 307 ‘The same procedure can be applied to inflected words like this one: mbS = wad = < (Wi <), meaning kneel dovm. Even though you know that % means room and ¢ means astached fo, the sllable O- & is new. You look it up to discover that it means Zap. The etymological connection is too tempting to pass over, so you learn the new phoneme O © together with the original word rather than break it up into its component parts. This proce- dure is one you will no doubt find yourself using more and more as your ‘vocabillary increases and you develop a greater appetite for new words, “To exercise the principles explained in the last few paragraphs, try your hhand at the following five words before reading any further: Wo = blindness = O65 tis = sink = Lt SAS = wstoreup = 6 bLD ge = lead hemeta) © =D rt = totempt = FeOHT ‘Though these are not the only possibilities, you might have used the following new words to learn those just treated: = storehouse = <5 % = mulberrybush = ® 1096 & 1s 72161 aon # 100 mi 1s r ® 1704 a 093 3 780 B99 4 eB 8 Br fhe > 2B 7B 39 re se eae ~ mom Cad z x0 ~ 52 7 a 4 81 za ae Mi isas Bt» mm 25 a ie en mie WSs A om 105 2 8 5 1301 HE 2164 2 a 18 1016 106 R36 me te 2 mu 2 1558 = 107 R387 an moe 3 2083, E1596 108 388 tw 4% Me ed 1597 109 389 28 2 se he 1636 fe 110 Te 4 Bou 49 2 1868 ts wm en 1087 s 2% = 966 cal & 1916 2 1101 e 3 4% A 839 & 2029 4 13 1302 Hi 358 go ‘* M2183 ia 15 8 1303 R359 905 B 216 1384 B 86 << Rt te) 20 mR 1ST E935 9 e 384 = 21 194 a a31 % je * 1676 ® 22 & 1631 aE 121 % 158 ae B 2108 & 28 #13 © uz 173i Baas #2236 Bm 48s 1810 t= zx IM ao me 402 ® 485 IR 1882wt we ao we ay RAR I >AAGRAAT AAG HAE PEL SS REMAN ROS PASE RTE 1987 809 810 883 962 1384 1385, 1535 832 857 858 1351 1382. 1353 1354 1537 1631 178 1824 1849 1913 1984 2142 2215 960 1022 1339 202s 881 82 1054 1210 wa 22 1500 1501 2078 1985 wr 128 29 130 ay HBSS MSF SRE OR SAAT LHTS SE AREER OR PEN CAREER BaR REMEMBERING THE KAN TT 390 209 391 mb 392 #17 393 i 1215 394 I 1399 395 # vm 396, 1808 397 AL 1861 518 ® 2075 319 ms 8D 749 50% #29 752 # 2B 753 #219 154 20 842 ® 300 843 301 989 410 993 ® an 996 a 530 1060 wl 331 1225 Bsn 1269 & 800 1270 Bh 926 wn 1226 nn ez 2B =z ins ss @ m9 m3 1230 m9 ie 1253 1734 1254 1742, ab 1255, 191 Bi 1256 1807 ie 1406 1823 i 1520 1909 Bt 521 1933 fe 1154 2001 5 1659 2062 #1667 2068 & 179 oem 3 INDEX 3 — CHINESE READINGS ae Sas Bae ex? eae 1859 R921 1927 % 1998 am R 5 fe 76 aon 81s B 816 i 1257 He 1405 % 1828 1941 2082 % 555 w 554 Hee 879 1017 2238 #428 m 429 % 107 mt @ 2011 R185 186 187 x 230 & Bi R 22 940 i. 969 & 1029 ® 1030 1574 | 1605 A 1638 % 1992 2014 & 2046 8 2049 3 2053 ee m% 2s 2127 ort BE 24 Ds iB 226 % 1008 2 1056 ie 1220, a 1654 me 1941 He 1957 1611 iy 1686 Bl 1930 4 290 we 201 292 293 294 295 308 305 % 430 % 431 28 Be 6 43 866 W867 & an 886 a 938 952 se 1194 195 tk 1196 wR 1276 Bn 1278 5 1604 HE 1933 2 1903 BE 1992, & 2095 tf xed & x % a ¥ wo e a eee Bh % a Hoo E ay 8 a oI x & Fa x 4 cs % 8 x ir ey % * cca 2 Desa ee > 331 817 1026 1032, 161s 1828 2149 2179 i078. 1687 1812 548 422 413 447 377 984 1014 1016 1570 1898 1899 2099 21at 2151 2198 1400 2195 3 970 1196 1219 1470 171 1544 1573 2098332 REMEMBERING THE KANT INDEX3 — CHINESE READINGS 333 2106 & om ie 87 ais 1897 A 251 84 zoos fe 1043 416 M1955 2B 2193 ss 876 11s ® a7 1986 = 20 © rou 939 B16 x 48 % 197 me 2202 ® 4 2% 103 & 1217 419 1988 x a o™ 1276 * 1041 i 1218 x on 2159 A 1a R07 F 1090 P1937 & on FE 2165, B 556 ME 1386 * 119 1866 B® 67 ak a3 & 76 ¥ 1387 ® 1200 & isn Bom 79 NG am = 1505 01 1922 @ 6 5 948 ® 7m 1559 iz ® wn Bm 676 & 17 a? 302 1587 Be 1547 #® 2006 a 4 ® 1608 303 ae i592 2 1560 2144 795 1683 oe R26 1628 iM) 1580 # a8 K 80 94 a7 168s fF 1646 B % ® s1 2133 B87 BR 1652 K 1685 a 87 863 x 228 wom aut B 1901 88 864 37 926 ae ms #1756 mR yo939 a 20 Z 369 & 97 B86 He 1922, Bi 1986 201 % 870 B98 E 1922 ‘St 1928 isl 2000 a 202 974 021 % 2007 w 2mm H 859 2 1015 52 1280 cea a4 2s yy x se fi 943 ors #1991 a ie x 39 & on % 1100 1538 + # 1130 ft i917 81 # sa 149 1603 te 1563 © 1048 B83 eu #197 Bens A 1736 & 1319 F992 1258 te 1198 B 2196 1853 % 1640 wm 1201 E1559 a 3 57 wm m1 2 +2 #880 1398 Wh 2158 1546 % 1997 & 2160 2 102 aL 1399 29 xq 1M O56 = ae ® 230 K 1697 113s ous 1598 43 ze ai 1622 ® 19 1599 6 & 12 27 = 20 ¥ 1780 ® 1805 #1607 = ow 1638 2 a B 2102 ih 1846 We 4787 118 1 1650, 916 5 2231 #8 1878 0 2061 ous = 1696 % 1018 74 oo xy A sar te 2155 x 120 1698 8 1396 Ra xy 131 % Wh @ 174 tt 1397 B 405 Biz Ce B10 7 1724 BR 1697 Fl 450 133 ® 1766 i 1673 a 451 wu 2 2 om m® 17 wom #1895 = m0 HH) 135 Wi 520 #173 1792, A 1914 8 721 Bt 406 wi 52 Hd 1816 B 2022 zm 8 407 fl 71 fk = 222 & 1826 % 2032 # 3 R408 7m x mB #1839 a 2108 * en B 409 Hh a6 B 4 1857 wt 2167334 y cel it Reo HURON SRLS SPS RPA CRN RTE EA SSS HRT AT 695 896 297 1017 1046 1049 wn 1589 1815 167 1093 1468 1317 1518 1539) 1540 1548 1664 1682 1684 v4 we wy PRES PISS SEN TO TS HSH A SSM SR ARLTIATAE TSR SSS REMEMBERING THE KAN IL am 2088 2096 2116 is 432 1516 1517 1542 1 92 93 694 78 497 1670 1695 206; 452 453 1091 1469 1608 a7 1731 1835 515 55 498 499 708 985 1086 1262 1285 1668 1669 1740, 1788 2154 m4 1263 2010 2084 cua SRS ORAS ESR MOOR ARO Se REN RSPAS MEER 34 13 128 25 126 140 ut 142 13 287 288 289 522 667 669 849 908 909 91g O15 967 1059 107 1152 1268 1402 1408 1404 1554 1568 162 rm 1743 1151 1819 1847 INDEX 3 — CHINESE READINGS ye ve T" BENS SRRERS AES ESN EDT RRH PE SRP PRE Ad SSPE HORS 1947 2023 22060 2126 2174 208 210 21 945 970, 988 993 3027 1099 1107 1267 1433 1434 1435 1436 1504 1510 asm 1619 1744 1784 1839 2262 932 1130 1587 1325 2045 1309, S52 968 1904 1025 1037 1061 138 1736 3745 v? aa Ya? var ve (bah BRS NIST SB SHOR REAM SSA RZ SH | RMN oh ye OS SR RN ARAL AE aE aR Bt 516 317 1082 1335 1466 1467 1565, 1658 vad PMS ee AT SSS SH SR aA we RAO AEORHD PR AE BES RDS eR 335 1661 1873 2239 366 367 1613 1859 2086 257 258 259 482 483 1018 1053 1279 1350 1533 1534 1552 1576 1588 1689 1749 1763 1768 v8 1813 1868 1976 2131 2185, 368 369 918 om 995 1007 145, 1336336 FRY RELA LT ASNT RAR RRA SSS HAA KE BASS SRE ARTES 1625 1879 1975 2027 2081 208) 492 493 1279 1295 1296 2085 370 311 sm 316 a7 1585 1894 2074 372 323 374 315 1761 1851 1948 1961 1991 2003 2181 959 995 3B 1363 1364 1367 1692 1746 2217 951 1508 1510 yao SR LF DA ANE SERRA R YH Mea ESR FASS A SR saan ee REMEMBERING THE KAN IL 1s 152 1558 1845 254 255 256 308 309 510 Su 512 313 3M Sis on ow 9 680 681 682 683 7s 76 m 78 7S 982 1010 1035 1s 1208 1205 1208 1209 1281 1282 1283 1284 1339 1340 1341 1315 vay BOAR HSS SHH AR ANS SL AH EAIRHANA VERS SPITS AAAS ES 1407 1408 1409 1410 14s 1455 481 1482, 1524 1925 1526 1563 1565 1633 1646 1681 4107 17 1785 1819) 1865 1875 208 2088 2109 2138 2207 220 2236 101 102 108 104 360 361 362 363 833 aa 961 983 9904 1020 374 INDEX 3 — CHINESE READINGS yar BRAS OCS FAA MMARHNS SPA AAAO REA MY SHARE RSTA SE 7s 77 Be 1374 1530 1648 1657 1708 1848, 1858 1964 933 1040 BB 134 1864 194 1958 BL 1002, 1527 1551 1586 1593 c+ aA VAN Paes >e RASHES MSRESW FM AS ERRRE SOS REHM 1620 1656 17s 1796, 1863, 1909 962 1110 1569 1898 1978 2056 2058 2199 as 1335 1762. 956 1081 14a 14as 2203 ce BI 78 887 979 1752. 1844 1881 1982 204 2128 2130 2150 Sue ee PAG ASES EEE RRR RESRM PRAT SST Ste eS 37 400 401 1474 1663 1979 3 576 1487 1082 1087 4050 1174 175 1176 81 1282 1283 1284 1286 1410 77 1524 1525 1526 1527338 A ee ee “y 3 Ooh See EON STARA RSS BS ES ALE AS A ee eS 1529 Asai 1583, 1610 Wma 1951 1981 2018 2139 2194 77 1393 764 165 766 1298 1494 1495 1496 140 wm 32 1761 1825 2012 2030 2123 2089 304 505 1058 1392 1579 1616 1633 1694 201 Dit 2242. 1502 1688 243 C4 PROS EER SSM ES HRS Rae [REMEMBERING THE KaNI IT 246 247 S02 503 3 823 om 1051 1052 1057 1092. 1136, 1259 1260 1261 1456 1660 1676 1710 182 1759 1832 1969 2050 2093 2182 486 487 964 939 1012 18 2057 148 149 150 15 152 1190 1479 ae ry 1499 1634 1653 1974 2019 2090 205 174 15 176 7 257 208 9 260 261 262 263 264 265 306 307 454 455 an 43 835 1027 1120 18s. 1199 1193 1670 1757 1836 1915 1945 1990 1993 2n0 R488 ® 499 490 1 Te AES MA CSO NAT NA RAE RES R Re eRe am INDEX 3 — CHINESE READINGS 22 tel aA HAATADARERARSS SPUR HRN SERS a AR ERASE SS He 928 191 1192 1193 204 266 267 268 336 337 1023, 1068 1475 1476 1801 1900 1143, 1492. 1138 ras 1755 1855, su 525 Bal a4 1591 1720 1856 518 v 1132 91 1780, 1465 176 2031 a4 BD » S xe 20 2m 456 457 1034 1070 1073 1084 1150 1264 1265 1266 1801 1438 1679 1690 173 1818 2137 960 1038 1088 1099 16 1264 ats, 1a 1488 459 1062 1639 1644 1996 ait 2208 1760 1889 572 1395 SA RAA SUSRSRACUNSLSRRN SHED PHS TAH AOS 2h MA * 3 ay a q 3 * wa s 339 ns 76 nm 78 1000 106: 1234 1488, 1735 1765 1832 1880 1887 1967 2216 950 957 1001 1581 173 1861 2148, SERS Oe Oe SE SRS EER RER NEE 138 189 9 956 1267 1287 1288 bu 322 1637 1886 1997 2005 2208 11004 1287 326 # m7 ACERS RASS KEATS340 REMEMBERING THE KANII IL INDEX 3 — CHINESE READINGS 3a = io a M60 Bast ' BH 469 Sua FY a 20m 2036 JF 1461 e462 A 959 Bi 1445, & 2178 2061 A 1s31 fe 463 990 *T 1463 ae & 1379 We 1532 e464 1055 1584 tal @ 2065 ‘BE 1590 oR 465 1368 ® 1651 er R53 i m0 T1064 1369 # 1s > eo” Fr? 167 1838 T use BM #1678 fh 23s ‘Ne 2180 1874 1464 wi 144s sk 737 2168 Fao St 9 1885 148s 1513 4% i803 74 9B 9M Ros #) 2189 M1486 #1514 7 1831 7 2208 Ho 9 F272 B15 140 + 1355 mi 1908 +7 © Hf 2020 0 1498 A 26 ok 1893, Wai Fy ML 1673 =z ng tv $90 2103 + 1960 ie 1842 1128 RM 95 FA we S45 F RQ m1 1999 FH 2035 #31 1330 F457 B19 #2017 ®% 2064 B 1332 & 327 158 193 R215 2170 1333 1940 159 + 987 B25 Lic) Hi Be 2136 160 & 1019 WS 2040 ® a7 tet by B40 Fe ho 332 = Ss a he pe C20 th te @ an 333 E 2 2 20m © 27 BH 526 M334 2 8 2073» 10m Fy tk 466 527 S335 A Be # nis B 1368, at 467 S536 a 1040 & 2s Fa % 1365 a 1830 R958 ® 337 ne Se 2081 136674 N36 % 1376 = 6m 8 1163 2 #1367 B 1682 & usm ® om 1168 A 5a W462, "E2009 @ ms ® 73 Be 16s B ser ne a 0 Fy KM Bom 3 a 50 66 fi sat 988 we ow si Lom bd 67 1005 KR 937 bP 1065 A 124s Be tt #1010 A 953 a 110s A Asst me 308 1053 "Bs gu =s in 237 e329 B su 11 E153 ® 1623 162 8 330 ary 1989 f§ 1166 & 193 =39 R568 Bx 74 & 13 He 2s 67 % 2070 206 684 Be Fy & 47 % un E10 =» @ 310 % 1168 155, fe 1136 om FF 8 1126 2 an 1169 B 156 1635 R 1326 ak 1553 902 st 1170 = om Bi 1862 B27 B13 908 % om 213 me 2046 % Be bY ® 1675 A 968 1372 ee ® 1373 fy 272 Bia Ho30 0 FL) Bo by ow = fA) T1458 i 313. 442 R549 aT 1459 = 40 + = 468 me 1443 © 2s > ago342 REMEMBERING THE KANT IT INDEX 3 — CHINESE READINGS 343 Cal fi 168 Se eat «4 mig be tase res) aus a * 2 % 808 i235 & 168 a a4 R559 HE 1036 ML i236 R 163 7 x 6 1076 ae ® 500 Ht 1552 37 ih 1852 @ & 2182 ay Ro a7 a8 m 123 e me 80s mm 77% Ms 4a i 90 K 1239 un eon 4h 2118 = 1008 wo Bt 1252 e457 s 2 77 #9 1013 © 1086 is 92 = 1208 i 1767 = 7 4h 1083 & me 8 93 % 1600 a 1783. # Mo 7% ® 17 1968 fa 94 ® 1615 A 1800 a MI i 198 ron #1380 1750 ee a) zm 4 399 7. a et A 243 % 01 Ai 818 ® 139 by ae, % 3s # 22 wm 18 i 819 a 1A6 Bi 398 Bou <> a = ® BA ® 20 i 399 8 1380 948 ce oun Be 85. 1248 ie #1382 949 eee F550 895 B Bas x 72 Hos ere A SAD & 107 ® 1808 1612 R703 * 19 vay 206 x 4 FMS 1674 % 1786 MX 1235 R 207 % 1320 fm 1009 te m9 ae A 1159 B 1367 R208 & 1d x 1106 ay MH 29 2072 R 356 8 1564 a 1246 itd 7 B 1503 357 $1606 an 2008 toy 1626 1867 tal x 3B 2134 1789 at 1954 & u3 we 240 © Be ow 8 2044 we 20138 44 ww mum» & “316 36 K 205 7 3M % 7 a 1560 B37 a a eno i 28 305 sm 1758 #1577 3a 29 8 1081 ae . © 208 te 2054 B30 m 280 a 082 36 - Be 1235 A 2166 HE 853, 1412 144 Ge 929. mit He 4g > #166 3 983, wi 1158 1246 930 ‘Mi 850 A 167 B 98 & 1139 ie 1306 mi 1519 Me 1061 a 168 1003 % 2038 aie ¥ 1570 1085 169 1231 ey 1251 B 137 7B. muy An 2 1582 %® 2100 & 157 1426 343 Mw 1293, Rm 12 79 A 1070 ak 1938 we 1427 ‘800 1418 wh 1944 yn <1 FS #28 i sor i 1819 K 9D Ro Nt BBS AF 142 943 & 1420 ey 865 ® 2192 852 1584 Hoe. Saat x Bl 7? % 70 a 540 ay 1860 1179 aa 1251 a mt a 203 fe 162 1180 #1429 fe 1307 im 712 208 18 una ® 1490 wus7 = 1B MB 205ti) See 7h SSL IVE SAATRSSRSTOAOR AS REYES eeaRS 1073 1240 1821 1983 865 952 953 1109 1383 BIE BIT Bis 1389 1672 ae DP ay #7 RY wy REMEMBERING THE KANH TL 1850 2s 1809 Re 1965 2184 i 2227 8 320 mom kay mm 799 % 306 = R136 & 307 mm BT © 12 be ® 1045 Bo © is en 2 <1 759 iS 114 1031 fe nas = ie 1309 ® 1304 *® B10 1995 2 Bi bas Bue <2 RR Mm B ps B72 Saw <7 Foe mB wis 2s 2 1s? x oe Ee <> ae Zier #435 1966 5 om 8 2047 wh 1636 = 2186 ak 549. cay ae mm ms e 4s e703 K 156 & ins a 157 8 1930 e758 % 2140 ® 1s7 BI 7 eS A 2169 535 Ba s+7 mR 38 & sa fay & 183 5 au BD tse S986 4 201 we & dus Rowe 87 R438 2055 mo # “on INDEX 3 — CHINESE READINGS ce) co) aA MX cel =? =e =” = BERNE A BOEs aOR ERS Egy cH ks Gee ¥ 8 1 3 a2 23 2052 2087 350 351 436 437 982 1550 1811 319 1098 7 ism 2002 212 30 803 808 1182 1183, 1186 187 1730 1952 1129 mr 568 357 860 tr ae aA 27 ce) x 861 i 1057 ey 1051 by 2100 38 958 1290 1509 1830 1068 1069 1078 1375 1932 2076 2122 RRR ASM SASSER E 4 x8 9 180 181 1039 1345 2107 2163 168 1385 480 481 1006 1066 1493 SeSRME HERE EAS OH ® 5 34s ® 1783 me IT B 1790 1795 1918 & 194 1937 1 1959 2077 tr ae a2 Bon F 13 % 1506 B 1507 & 1915 % 1s77 = 474 475 R476 & an 8 me 49 W922 976 % 1007 @ 1150 % 1370 8371 149 = uso 1451 ® usz 1453. 3h 1637 1683 R189 1983 mm 2219 ek 1499 i@ 1490 H V7s4 # 1910346 cod >) S44 Dee yar ke 5 46 1953 1033 1480) 1896 214 2237 135 1356 1357 1827 751 1045 au19 1915 1935 BSH OR RR AR eA SHR AE 27 B38 SS RRL SRY RMN meee 5 da Ys Ys yy wa y 2 cal SPERMS PUSH PTS Bee gas BRAT REG A SES ee REMENBERING THE KANII IL 1391 1888 1890 1924 2104 2176 893 a4 975 29 240 2a 2191 161 1674 1700 1884 1980 15 1566 1677 189) 1902 v4 aD tay c4) SHES H PESRIIARN TR BSB RHIHe SBE HSESERGR EH 31 85 686 687 688 ™ on im 1729 2067 2187 43 768 769 710 us 1048 102 1203 1328 1329 1672 m2 39 449 2028 424 25 890 891 a2. 1146, 1876 in 2079 2105 INDEX 3 — CHINESE READINGS ap Bet wR 296 297 on 2229 901 x ssa kb) yee mn 2 % 947 1503 M573 a 1556 B78 ® 1102 347INDEX 4: Japanese Readings ‘This index includes only the Japanese readings established as standard for the “General-Use Kanjt.” Characters treated in this book and Vol. I Which fall ouside hat list are listed only with their most common read ings. The nuribers refer to frames inthe present book. ce) Brom Bids 436 BRS ES — 100 bu is 203 BS aK 436 Bue i 396 BC 556 BD 29 3a mo 1504 25 10m bs wie a6 mo 1% BOS WS 436 ae # 8 BES 556 Ben eh B wie 1504 Bee Oo om be LPS 1657 aD # 1825 RES — 1056 Boe F185 wee a Bat Bet 436 bs ca 136 Bot 100 8 330 bnoe w 2m Be = 993 Bhot Ry 5 BAe ae Rs Boe 436 «a0 fa 581 Bowe HGS 1S HAE Me 1257 Bmp wD 6 SEP = MHD 1456 BRS Em 1657 BL 236 RS — 1056 ra 429 BOS Bn So % 187 Bhan Ba 436 SLbS Rebs 757 Bo 436 STAD Bim 1507 Be a 42 BFS % 8 Bras B> = 0 BH RES 1507 INDEX 4 — JAPANESE READINGS be BES BER Bk BEAD Bike bem BREWS BREDD BRE BELO Bred BRS Bou Bobd Bote B28 BCS Be ae BRED BIC Bh BS BERS SOLS BUS BEL BRS at bab a un sa 1795 1665 1321 2 m2 1733 m2 113 21 1733 121 1733 1081 853 1821 953 1698 1363 360 608 1576 1976 92 953 72 981 2036 1805 1306 1276 9 318 318 1490, 1490 uss 1346 54 233 1545 1909 BrBhee Gr SHES TOT gars jou S do bbbNS be Bas ane bb BoM Bbt Bora BoRELY Bots abn 49 HRS 1909 eT 1515 ed F 1909 RS 1515 a 313 ae | (8 x 3 fi 1545 io UST Ln TA eli TA RS OB fests 157 ay US aos BS me we 507 ay 127 me a8 fast RD 246 ee 48 x oil #9 35 wt 853 Hes 163 Bb S 1631 at 356 x 1365 Bt TBS RNS 256 Hine 13s BS 1066 #2 BS oa 1127 RRS AB a 97 ue 1887 fbt 1074 bee 1074 hee 929 RE LO a9 eee a9 Hn 1085vat wis a eels Waebs was we ace be wee hee wed wa Fin wee ee eye uta etl wee ak bee wee wat write Wee < wee WRDS wee he WELaLH no wot le ac si B a a tc a Ca ah # % B BR AAS Bae oog 38 5s bro EB # Ln z elt 1095 594 1505 1185, 2017 921 ‘2 1375 1947 848 1365, 208 [REMEMBERING THE KANN IT woo obs we wet u vet we a ha WOLL nos os eS wet vel web be we wes ae bel Bel we nes es whe We wae ab bd bs dhe DR be Le e ve & BS zB £23 i> s BS 1941 * 2174 au 1026 ee 1170 e 1628 6 1908 x 1685 ® 1908 ca 1366 gz 640 @ 982. He 1998 R 601 * 1018 ROS 386 Et b L030 ab 1230 * 64s ak 759 a 1201 BL 348 BUY 34g BLOS 348 et 181 Ae 1561 BS 1220 BS 476 He 506 Be 2073 AND 1561 & 1130 Bb 24 a 1732, HO 1279 B¢ 605 wD 664 1692, a 480 ie 1657 531 INDEX 4 — JAPANESE READINGS < o oe cmt at SSS ECS OT Booey OF Ono . Worn ati Ryous 52¢Lh sot Domne 928 wae fm 9 aoe BRS Bb Bone aC AB Bae aDS wet BK 1324 1686, 125 1867 1867 364 1867 1867 7 364 3 332 332 om 663 on 1061 981 216 1381 1381 1381 1381 1381 108 44 108 414 815 173 944 465 1655 1640 45 1028 28 175 1653 1028 828 4775 1919 783 so b HOO eae & o tLe THTSS FHSS TF ator ev 5 +e BS orario dr OS saecee c s a he * Man’ aun RO 89 hie 1h Lin #Le RE Ro We a> at we RLY BA Eo BA’ BAS wn BLA = Hibs 351 1479 3479 337 619 1906 708 1880) 981 1905 0 01 70 708 1305 1995 1995 ms 1936 x10 1397 1397 2083, 2093 $38 1036 1623 2003 2003 3907 982 483 483 480 1036 3m 1657 1324382 tai » Be dept aage peas HST os ty RY ce) Bas > Boe BAS bb ben PEvic BED bre eRe bboy ah aot Ewe SR ROC ee do WOE BL e OSES be & s 1675 1021 280 1403 1783, 1222. 1052. 447 1623 1035 1918 1146 0 1606 1642 1660 1053 960 718 960 wm 1015 2127 655 1615 251 320 1142 9 1228 1708 REMEMBERING THE KAN IL BS Boot BoB BCS wet wotD BERS BERD iy Bot BS me ens ENS eed at > Be m5 eS ad a MAE WEAS sh) mee wes wee Wee mS BOS OS HS file BAB Le # at at ae B® a Bas BSLn Bebe Bed me Bos & # ae Rot 1322 1886 20 1193 981 1886 1228 598 1787 1265 2238 192 1228 598 1910 1693 1637 1552 1099 1768 1612 1552 1099 1768 1612 1496 87 1496 1918 1693 1752 1886 1763 657 1908 1903, a7 1970 2068 1356 824 1022 sa 305 INDEX 4 — JAPANESE READINGS 5 & & » Too So Age sho 2 fain Bet at Bas FED sa RS mS HAS mat < a SF OF ooh SSSR SAE eee RARER HRMS HOO TRaR, SSooSS BIA oe 950 2068 1356 305 1318 922 ais 922 2076 2150 886 886 ne 1921 2198, 13st 24 456 305 456 1849 997 1098 1615 1568 356 1098 3467 1954 250 ws 185 185 185 Bebe BA BAT tm) a Be, ao Dad PADS DAB pie ed DES DED Doge DBD Bare < Did Dmd me BED ae ed HRee es Ae 353 rm 1053 943 561 ims 49 584 1668 1215 1552 124 1240 im 15 521 269 1240 1073 wm 392 2137 3804 ans ams. a7 114 433 1521 873 83 789 589 1398 167 959 213384 REMEMBERING THE KANJI IT INDEX 4 — JAPANESE READINGS 355 BinS BRS BW ARES HS 204 PAR HIS BS ESL wt 1538 Ber & 31 ARES = «SD ag pois ee ss EL * 47 ¥ 1595 HD Be 88 wb & ma 8 s 4395 DO’ KOS 11 kb> FS 134 a sit 8 s¢ %¢ 1617 ROS 9D ao 66 BD HDS WBE BES RLS wn B08 oor > 7s DB HB 7 Bt) Bo oun KOS um #26 acm ee 578 x 549 BOS 4 OD 1380 BS our BkAS BAD 1880 Wid 13 HOT ac 8 ban HE ma ERT RF 1033 DIR BS wo HC a 495, an & 1900 RRR BW 167 bed 9 ume g 1824 ene NS WB BRS %S 1033 Deb fe Bt A 1051 pee Beh TE 8 1802 ne * 2154 he 2 984 ab a 182 x 784 Pd 65 EL BLA 130 B wig FOL LO 1787 we a 1070 ARLE BLY 1430 aw 109 BBS RES 1602 WEES = MES 16S HATE «HTD 1980 * 1st 8 z 347 PEnS HRS 165 PAST 89 a 268 EDS Ros 1602 ES HS 19 ea @ 984 pbpt eat US EL i 125 BLEM BM 876 am 1875 pk Bi BR EL The 80 BUS H st Bie HAs — 19 miss RES 6 MAS aL a 1 ho 8D 1420 bt Rbt M F1HS WHS 8 at RF Mh * 395 pos z @i 859 > OL at e 1663S a1 bd tbs 209 28d s 1244 we B 104 he m 1453 Zbs 0B co n67 meee aoe a 1203 bs MBB we 504 DERE = - BAB 1668 mo m Bbe 207 me tT whe a Bis a 0 bh a 45 EHS one 54 * 98 DAS BAS pAERS BAD 1506 BD 533 % 1032 AH £ 1657 DAIL FLW 317 BAS $22 1797 a 1901 * 145 BALD B 1807 BIS 2009 Ea 4st 915 bbs am ® on cs ai Bbos = HHA 1320 ky fie 1 BARD 98 . oe NT Bi B64 hd ft 1927 2 * 980 Boe 2069 Br 8S AT BS 108 4% 0 ee 163 HED mo 920 w 42 ccd bee & 18 Hb 2 355 Bae WAS 726 Bed % 1032 & 470 aC BK wo (He teed 1308 bee 2 1831 a 2142 we re) ed 1000 REED im we S i 1021 m< 1009 z m2 BLES HES Bl wow Fu 1909 wc 15900 6S a 1836 BEE BC 156 Ot & 1929 Brae = MEAS OH CAH ay 187 DREGE MHS 1956 HOT Boe m8 BEL HL 68 CEOS) OB BROS MSS Bl GH % 1084 eet RF 68 BD # 1942a BS eG odngA Sesdo so. e avo om i AGRAU YO SESRARRARGS II CCam goo T 4 5 o oe KSEE o T+teorr em 4 Bo & = & on A. deo o PERK RAS SAMO AAP RNS ARS RRA oO Ree ae RAR eR s ac os fed Bot EB RS aa ED 1033 61 1833 REMEMBERING THE KANN IL FHT TS KOs Fo oa deo oe cw) ary Abb LY ane os Bee Bie wed wee Geo GbLy tea cree es es s 29be s 3 Sesc oe eS OCC CH Es so TR He Lv iss Sle 1219 Eli ins SLOS 1219 x 955 a 18 gna oH Bets Ms 1603 = 455 MAB 25 LY 1455 ets tp mae 6 s 50 ee 6 1676 1616 at b 1676 at 26 nn) an i016 = 1016 8S 1016 * 1879 Bun is ay 1035 = om a 980 ems x a zg wz an us @ 590 BLY 172 e 45 wo 1712 mo 83 B46 uD ie WAS MAS Whe x we eT oS we KITS BAS nO 2 2 aL 2 Ka o See ewes Got cA we Seem eee Rese o INDEX 4 — JAPANESE READINGS 4 1618 1618 684 1973 1789 1327 312 52 wm si 1327 969 969 946 12 12 1059 1810 an 1973 8 592 1651 1651 1999 107 183 184 2151 1031 1845 1845 1859 1581 1288 1816 25 656 1770 1770 163 61a cer eee ee TOR ATES at tat Ses ok Ok sey o s 1 oF ok a Of ok SELES S Romo a 387 * 539 Wwe 6120 el 168 Ey 1618 6 4a BSL box aot Bn Bot 39 OS 9 me 817 eat 1005 EXS — 1005 eS 1005 Bt 168 Bx 1005 x B 8 1m ihe 819 at 388 BRS — 388 By 1696 HS 1963 w 2B a 1238 # x01 wi 1661 a 432 RAB 1689 wt 1670 BT 1765 % 1085 & 1686 BS 1701 me ns FHS 958 RA 15 % 243 % 612 & 588 mS 660 a< 881g SISA oF oh oe o 40% of OK oh oh a oF ah os Soak ioe SeSogs or Od 0 nk oF nh Oy 0% a4 OF OY 0% OF ak a OF OS HAS GR cee out ae sera wee o * & o ko or Soo our Ss i REMEMDERING THE KANT IL INDEX 4 — JAPANESE READINGS 289 es Se We eRe m9 nm s 2m BbC Bc 13 La B 1s CR phn 1407 Re = 15 Eb 2 1864 Ure mee bi sone Ed at in RS 256 ae ms 30 % 1558 0 ts 43 THD a) 7 cu Ls a ma FEL DU MOT iS Uae Boe om ttt acy us oh & 448 vat ma FE BR AT MS Lobe Fe 1696 GS me E 6 1889 66 Luks BS on Lea wos 10 TF % 638 eee Bee 982 fos we sole RLM 27 ye ® 31 me m6 thE # 1586 a 2 387 Hoe 45 TTR Be 27 1152 % 163 fos 18 $3HS BS 1586 ee % m9 Le * 958 wes 78 is ae) & 265, mes 1152 ie ee & m9 Le a ThS me 1556 eens # a Leng XS Iso TENS BRS 1st Sen Be @ Leet BK OL FTE mic atl m3 U¥< i 16 Coens Bos Mo TCS cs 912 30 LTRS 0 MES ow va it mm Fk e 1039 Eo B25 975 ne 9 FNS me 43 360 «LHS |S TET Lal fl a1 Bas 919 et Hoe -@ vad es ou 389 25 995 Oa oe m5 ce 8 9 2s ait 19 WO Ltt ke om # 208 mas own Ge cs 958 % 3a 3H B ms 0 : i ° ; BR Leb ho vee " ims 98 URHD -D 38 wi path EE U9 LADLE HAS 368 te Eb 5 MSI LeL BLY 292 + ri 257 er 1589 as Cele RCE 299 x 1915 ae own 9 LRRD me 161 cig 3 $B we 131 ts pe Le & 1582 we Tc) . gs 43 ie m4 be Fe 1743 $d BO 16 TBE Be 1394 & Was LOWES BES 310 th x Th mre 453 Bob 85 LOS 2 310 TAB BAS G4 Tod me coo z as ret Apt | 113 be OA _ 634 Lk aa 1382 pa z 667 & 8630 La e 1975 +e € 647 cas rt ee Be 1975 prs are us : We LS BS 1975 7 Boe # 1860 ae R245 aC 198 FI 619a REMEMBERING THE KAN IT INDEX 4 — JAPANESE READINGS 361 z as @ 1862 BR m0 RB M6 th # 186) KS ¥ 1570 HD 1553 ND ne 736 ee a eres WE Sees go Moe RD ERS «MNS 2082 ae - 1260 HRB BB Wo el kD rs 357 ee ene HAS 1088 B> MO 2OS ROS D1 ket rs 2182 #2 1688 cos eth Hoo ML kee HIS kok He 1720 3 2182 fry a 1 ke = 44 Re} + 4 20S HOS 116 thw ae 414 ROER BE 1720 a 1448 HOS 1M Fein es Ra 188 a om ae BS Rn HES Bre 414 Re is 34 bMS we 1035 t ROS — DD td te 30 ba me 1014 7 reer BS” ess Rts «HB BT BHD e> 1981 < hin 2 1869 Re HTS 1553 BHD mo) ma Ze > ut oee a oe eee we bake | HAS DI HS 199 kee a 9 Rees WRB M bdo a 567 225d a7 ee ate ke a 3 (bE me 162 ERB RAS 199 eC ee 8 rie e wi 5% x 1108 oe i 5S KKH Be 1 eA ft 1658 - a m Zoed kD Be baw HAD BT col RLY a «BETS = ES 4B Eons BRS Bat a 961 OLE Rib wa bor fide 493, tte ae 1128 2031 kOe Bite 1480 HS foe 3 poe ee ae ae Roe MeLy 1a 555F | MOT 8 zED #2 Ml LD es ne cd R 4968 SNS BRS — 493 RECS Acs tn thos Maes, 13S EO z 468 Smt = ODT SS ze ® 1350 eS Rt 36 K 3 Bomb = ROHS 55 te a 92 RT tit om RAB RSS 1H DOT HoT 35 Faie Bhe 1s FRIAS whe ee 3 sg 5S ke 5 161 RFS 2 232 thps ibe mr feces gee SS a aS bee oe a 26 AYES MS 1645 a m2 * a we 0 ok tAS ns 1318 RET w wis 2 i £28 RAS 1676 BH 2058 Rely OR iu Dee — OAD 1683 eas HC 860 teem > 1037 RBS Be mi outs REF 168 EUR BOS 1860 RS. 1443 EDS Bbs 2060 2% ie: on ne pes er he R 33 Re cs 438 ODD ee 16 RK Bt 1059 £B of rece ELM som not RE, "bu opgs | HARM eos Rod 1H RF Ey 1204 RD 82 16 at Ret 1898 23 BRS me kK BIC |b Ie 1325 net att ws opt 42 mize RED z RED « 365 2s ned Rke ees EB $2 WD HOF = HT WD REED = #9207 kot BSF Oh Hes ot ce * 1052 kD Eo 1914 kbd RDS 36 DANS ene arr362 Shbt oe oY Dta 28 Ax ae eo * BSS Rw SSE SODA ARARAR 4 es $555: Bd VO S5SHoS aeeg Hero Be 2: DFO! 1576 19: 412 i 983 REMEMBERING THE KANT IL 20 20a ane Die De Dit 2t Dts De ob oue 26 Doki Dba Dea oP 2» Dinh Doras DES 2b Doan 2om¢ Dbhe 2B 2a Dna cod 1824 699 1754 az 1888 636 1903 879 983 879 160 765 738 1310 610 686 87 165 2185, 1283 952 952 982 1098 1872 390 1 529 651 2189 135 1872 1082 2172 1433 67 S71 or meirertery te riety © ae vers hot es cee rene tre wz SA eo reote com ey oo yo bere Oh OS o pee orneee te Sagan wa or o reer em 8 eee + F pnt on + Be mie ae RE Se RHR SE AES REBT SASSAT Bane bogs os pio SSaA444 res a + SEO gay o INDEX 4 — JAPANESE READINGS on 1937 1037 1037 610. 720 1798 120 1198 on 920 479 1s on a 1572 1058 939 419 1972 1881 1865 983 995 1746 1519 1008 1519) 602 284 457 1531 1206 1531 1206 308 1980 1980 e feo etete fee So eo srr o om zo 363 2046 204 003, 4431 1003 1108 ust Ww 351 Py 1182, 324 2 2236 1099)INDEX 4 — JAPANESE READINGS es 364 [REMEMBERING THE KAN TT os & 981 es ws oD > 90 feo ont ent M6 BES S109 B> 104 a 382 BIS 1596 HS 1s ROT Bos gn Bhs Bt 2054 OU ue 146 th ia 59 oF oot Rie te B — 2054 Ere _ 16 + 6 eouIC BEI 1938 mS 2054 OND NS 1596 ne xO MRO ER 1938 Bs mo Bes BSb 3 Bn 6 RSENS ERD 998 fee BOS ws4 o1gt Es 1657 aay aS 2B me um oe BES 95 OLS EES 1657 Ee He 16 we sit pat 2 or OILS be 1687 aoe = HS UM AHS mre — 391 oe rs) $2 ee BONS 8S 1S kb a 28 eae & 818 Be uM aes of 1848 By a o ob ee 25 RA 2 oie ee ne x ee a om aCSe BE a9 tia tay RCSOR MHS 359 Cea aoB BS WB tc w 107 022 kdl Mable kee a 853 = a 1396 z es aC RK CRS RRS 1361 ¥ 95 3 as 2S ROS 167 cai #9 te 1321 x yg Ree av 2 ica aes 5 wD a4 a pou ee ee ee om : fe aay te BM ICKS BS 1B pe it 2800 ® a aL R Br Ici ‘athe 1192 nes HS 1968 ke R pees ax BRP 1M LALA t92 anes Bo gp BGS RB 1S6L aD x Be eC e192 BS BS 9 A at ROMLY tL BO KK BL MELO yg oe aS 253 RS LB 1689 goblet walt MO eS Boe a #2 1044 See 10 ROK oe 399 EF BS 189 cs mes 420 RAS — 8B Bone WR DS BS 1889 ne ta x ee ae + 968 IL a 1047 eet zt2 fo se eLe sa dial tea non # i Raw 2066 Ie E a 603 = 954 hb D Hee Ric a 106 Les ‘t a oe BF BS Be 956 RO to 98k a ra OenS = BRS 13 ue 2 a3 & m KRd m5 om Oe e 14 mS 267 20S BOR 165 IC en et Rp ule ae ae i 82 RS 6S on ore Re 14 Le ab x 1938 (cep HES 1361 oes RLS 302 RS ay ® Be ICa OS 1784 wee om RC me ¢ aS RI ® 3902 HS 1361 ox me 1027 ims 1. Ree Bok as eb ie 214 ey Be 1183 LAE 39 tbeo | 405 FL zee er 39 ai366 REMEMBERING THE KAN TL INDEX 4 — JAPANESE READINGS 30 ages met 18 RO > 508 oe Re = ta nee Bir 2067 KR RR a oe ESOS eee Eee M0) TERE Cia, Rea ae OCS Hi & 1930 BA fo 2147 Re a O17 Hans kne 508 BE B 68 BAB MAS 1323 aoe eee are oes sin 196 eee uo a a 208 ALY 2ST bi Hea. Bis “ he was itp geln Ale mn aye Ee ts aw et ikt 8 1108 ean fe uk AES = RRS 1796 aL | 1967 kt a 146 De a 259 hw S ROS 1796 * 293 iit Bite 152 ort at 22 BC KE 2130 ae a 2008 Wk < Ho ins eo = 71 om < 197 Cts MES ee iE & 1822 ORS Be RR as al» ib 162th Rin aR35 OF = bs) BBS OS eee Cee ee 1023 oot = Wo Riot | Bot 1966 HESS HS HL * 1614 Ge a MS R(NS NS 1966 HLS & 132 Ket 70 aN 962 KD 27k ae 5D rms PSS 1835, oeLn BL HS EOS 16 LS #S ST thew 1835 aE —5 56S EOS 8B : ae 1023 DEH tie 8S w BIS 2005 82 DED web 1553 BL 7 1694 = 712 ou BC a1 ob ix 74 962 kb > HO 2118 Ot a wir KF 2182 aoe Her WL Ro mot “st ow ‘6 63 RES be 1308 arne Ane 992 hd it ans ie 654 ES hee 2182 a 3 a GS * 1194 owes Bde 998 HH a 1 & 1253 RD 66 oP ar 686 R 454 a 1967 nS mnS at Debt Beat «> BH a m a 5a pet aes a6 BR m1 ae e ae bea O65 ¥ 0 RRRO | BO 684 three ® 763 B6¢ Ba< 1594 RIO ae 1 BT a 589 a 361 OSHS GUS 1594 ie 1916 het Red 760 Ba 76 OS 5B 19 Te 3 1100 read <6 333 ok 1789 FB 2 hEM xe 9 > a 1082 n 1134 DamAT mss RECS 389 at Re 160 OTS BCD 1868 DSHRS 2055 RES Ke 9 aes RCS 160 ULB BAD 66 Bae 0 he & 2185 he 8 63 BRAS AB 1088 O35 183 ® 823 ee & Mm OsL x 937 OBER 30 AR # 2185 # sl bab % 1100 pans 830. 6 23, a 1800 ODS HS 1100 OSES 80 ABAD WALA 2S AL % M7 OOF w 27 O20 8300 RS x 360 net aR SB UES BMS 525 mir wate 2175 Bt 7 OS al¢ 1806 bet mes 1323 eS BS Bot ey 1191368 REMEMBERING THE KANH IL INDEX 4 — JAPANESE READINGS 369 ae a we fee an osm tlds Robs oR & 1060 a RS 733 kD BS 1877 at # 5100 6 1754 oe 1792 BOS 2184 at 191 «BTLOD ag 683 aa W156 IRS # 1165 $#Lb RLY 7 FER a Per) Inv 1609 (ED a 623 $82 RES 6 PSH ie 26, hod KS9 733 kB BS 1532, RES 147 FBSY ® 224 mo BI 2 303, tk bt 609 LAO fale 1448 "> 1808 HA % 37 three BY 1585 AL teu 499 HELD BAS 31 AEA MOS sD ab ay 59 * 979 Bat at 2560 SIT mE 519 e 1384 AT DH ow 1216 bho WHS 1864 22 cy 181 ATS 945 x a 184 £2) fo 14 1010 aareie ns 585 bord BS 989 RED 1013 ARS ke 1984 8 1129 Bop wD 53320 BE 173 ACH TS 1988 & 923 once om 1050 AT 1636 ic = 118 & 1840 498 BS SARS 1045, Abt Bot 1007 8) 396 ae a 1129 BKND 1045 Ab ES Ro th ® 325 Be & 37 AS 27 me 1607 tS Be 496, 20 369 1550 HUES 335 2 RO 325 BAe Cs 139 ADS 1636 th a 1012 Eke ea 960 HD 2 (ed tat > 902 EnenSe RNS muy ROC 120 Kot 1606 eng BK 80 422 2 i a 916 thee Et 902 HSL a 2061 REDS 3 im 3G BD HD 573 2% z tis RED ie 2 # 208 BS mae agi 202 ge 516 AR % 378 e9eS HS 1907 Ee % 1703 26 aw 2m AEE & 1024 fab an 962 & 179 ar BD 1550 ARH % 1882 (EBSD Bom 300 ERO wor 383 23 hu 161 BREE w 813, Re * 1420 $8 5bDLh HH SbL 383 tay A 1861 HIE Re 1976 fez u AB ¥Sbt BobT 383 My 9m aia @ 333 ies BS WN Fens Bhe 383 22a HS WL HOS RS 1629 ae a 706 -& < aC 179 Bbt Bt 1087 HH 5 1834 Le RL 1489 tS AS — 1606 tbd WD 1933 RP a 2106 Bt et 27 te TS B12 tbs BS 1087 AE * 990 Rte fl wm te m ‘874 ae RS 1013 te aa Wm tee ® 170 cad ee 1656 RAZ a 1928 ba E 1204 kote RTS 1499 gaze BS 15 en = 2 col aE a 461 Bad EB om a 1620 . eee a 1083 RES 1647 Ed 1629 tr *« 7 RECS me ELAS | RAB OT e 65 ble x 7 fea a @ 4S RES on ALB RAS 1013 bd te 1650 ow & 2029 MES 1687 aH B¢ 8 EDAD BAe 116— ane wos an 370 REMEMBERING THE KANH TL INDEX JAPANESE READIN BLY us Bo ti 288 BAL * 1494 cal wee Ble a wa 3 2053 be % 1786 elo RD a. wD s 2052 ad < 1650 & ® 2059 aut Fn 1 BSE BOO aS Bins = BAS 981 i 29 yea Be 2 bs eS bbe fre — 1650 ® 13 eTRS 2b 154 AW 2062 Be % 29 29s Be 416 ie Kosh we BoC 415 be Hr 4650 BOF Bt ud S308 | OS OM wat Ry 1658 BL 8 m2 8a MAb 4st 967 we & 1 8S b> wn 129 w> (OT a + 316 ces Ie HE 1860 tel R 1674 7 Ke 196 Be BS INS 27 Re 1105 » Pa 3 mS iB or 3 OMB ore ® mee 8 ua 4h Ane 911 BS 0 ES «x 1830 x 5 Aw a 1027 we te 2 Bs 905 & 523 on ie 1865 Be 19 woe Be 1559 tel ot = wi rece BE 1859 OCS GS 1948 od ai 238 rbw ae 1782 BL # 98 e A 1159 M< 2 bee 06 HS et fe Ea zn ease Bese ms Tpbs Hoe 11 at oon z 1820 Dee BSS 4s) kbs BS me BToLH Ble 80 z 231 BFR me mK w 967 2 fC i681 Sha a 1446 eo BOS 1681an Cb bow bot bho bas bens be be bit bee be biby & zn wot RD RDB DNB Be i mS R BOS x Rr 338 900 563 2015 945 945 945 340 ous 91a 2015 1069 945 1405 1682 REMEMBERING THE KAN IL btbs bt bot btns bk bro bet bed DEB bb) Dox bb bS ban bn brs Se Minh a Pear COR Soy ges & SH yo ane an19 2143 2143 184 1871 1662 409 409 582 1783 ism 881 881 1704 338 86 881 INDEX Cross-Reference List ‘The purpose of tis final Index isto facilitate cross-reference between Vol Land Vol. I. Tae Index is laid out in the order in which the kanji ap- peared in Vol. (regular type), followed by the numberof the fist frame in ‘hich that character appears in the present book (italics). The kan- Ji—with its Japanese inflection where applieable—and readings are set 10 the right. Be wo ot Eo + ee ARO u 1856.0 cb ok 2 SIH OO BO B® a B46 3B Boo M82 at is 1m a2 a »® 1h 6 RIS HA kB 132 BS HBT 6s 7 &H bh Woo Wo ROHS bat Beh 19 35 wR x 8? 2 aban Shan a5 325 Bob BRaE 98% te BC BC Eo eee. Bp BR Gm ae) Hoy Show 9K Bat BAT A #2 Bib dB ee ee ane 30% R33 wy BAD sph EEO 2 308 BAB ERLE RO 2202 9% age OLRa7 [REMEMBERING THE KANH IT INDEX S — CROSS REFERENCE List 35 2% BIR EW 4 SR a We BEY Rem OT Bab Geese 37 1B BAR RAB 106 MO7TDE PCR WRS BRS ROS KPOS Bes hes BL Feb 6 WH 2 st BED Be af 107 90K WI ES LED 2B 7H r 59 287 ee wie RELIC HSS EBS 2 SBS bRA 0 585 Ao Reh peep 148 1216 BPOR B 273M gt 8 106R9 BS Ws Be eM 9 267 EDS 3 272 ce Rht tot 109 21237 wd 150 987 2b 35 1S Elo kB AGS 208 10587 La 151 1980E< HK 3 HSB ATH 66 585m Whe A 96254 te 153.588 4 ae 7 a LA @ 1pm Fe A ah 154 58955 ah Lae 70 1565 ae at att ‘158 1433 cb a LS R WSAt ANT HHS APRS 159 970 1% zs 39 STR ey ahs AnD 12 351% & 161 976 4k Ost set 5 BBS ey 13 17328 Be 162 2029 ox 41 15028 tr Wo REbIC 116 889 CHEK 163 2143 9 DHSS 2 S105 at BS gee BOS (HOD Bbt bobs 8 SUR Oita 3% 8 7 09% FE 164 187 RH BY 4 BOI BB 7 Se OD 1s 79He OFS 165 eT aA Bay 78 1754 Hh ae 119 1100 Omd 166 5890 8 ne LOS £405 1 1066 %R BS HS OHS a ee 46 1051 HS bolts 80 573 MS 2OED 120 19K! mew 167 1682 he pede 8 1705S LBS a1 10K ao¢ KS med 168 1882 K the 5D 56n5 8 BI hE m1 We = 9b 1 ORES Cot 9 We OR 4298 ik meee ¢a6 mS tS aE bb 8% 506 HS BD 14 1sB6 RC Bre Che + te WHS whe Gab PRVAD 171 1686 H De SHR £o ORS % 7 BFF 125 16988 BO 13 160 BE tS ORES 90 540 FINS b»HS 127, 1832!) eb 174 1603 CB £2 ORS 92 1459 BY 2b 128 257944 t ae {oe EWS SWS 94 1460 Bt Meee 130 979 7k at ‘175: 1726 th bee b2d wi¢ ree 131 17899 ced 176 590 th 90 98 FER CHES 95 1077 % c ak o 17] 48S HS FS Cet - A 12 MKD kD 179 195 HAS OFS FR (ws % 3k FAR 3 sR TH BOS 50% FRR BBS x 6 tM ER = BS Mens DENS EWS 20% 9 BIH cob BS 8B Aad wo He BE RL FO Uk aC F< 136 95k C REO 18 6 BR ¥F Le 100 14S me CES 37 2B nt 183 1650 (a5 AD ES$ #St me SEL 13859 1 Be mo, es FOS BOS 101 1109 Pry Bo z Hoo bed + be 12 390K = DomK 140 2027 La moe LS 2 HOH BR 13 126K Ble wi 3 Le 184 2236 33 58K RE 10s. 1035 “> tee 142 813. BREE 185 993 F eeers REMEMBERING THE KANI IT INDEX 5 — CROSS REFERENCE List a7 186 56K EBD MSO oto 2 seat 2 32 99K AK e 4D HAS 95ne 21 9K «KB 328 18683 189 728% ok 28 OR 22 9B ETS m9 173% EB 90 RE PtH 2 WR him 23 UBS — OBS 330 116 AS UBS 1 Be DRE m OTH’ CHS BRS OFS — yh sg MHS PENS 2 29% kB Hot (oF wat ICT 33 RIT BA HHS eS MM mE RR BTS ACTS 3M 8D DEED 93 m7 EH 8 ab 24 2rd BRD B59 59D Be be 5 6B KL BEL a, ge as 5 90% RY see 25 ks CB 337 196 167% kL 26 uk 286 9558 BE 197 16% BI RDA RRO’ 281 672BKS DOES — 54 1655 83 198 186i DOG 238 1685 jin 2585 3p ‘op 19 SH ALD 20 7278S RAB wns one 343. 879 200 910% tb 22 SK SE 290 Rm = tk 21 592th EFA 23 S17 hb 1 Bs1% = FORO 202 938 Re HS me ws Bm | Be 3a 947 8 23 59% BAT m4 2038 AT 296 eh RD 24 1167 BD us oe oo 27 6M EE us 196 00S HAS 924 WT 96 ita ihe 29 BS6I>S BSA BT BHD DRED bd 5b2 28 245 Bes RET HS eS 206 IBHSF OF U9 26% BHD 302 2 RK yg 0s we; BRS DS 283 wees «BS 303 1067 HR HE 349 1531 XS LOSS 208 9H Abd Bbt 304 18078 AED mo £209 209 26 by Abts BLES 305 20528 = BS BAe L028 20 S308 OR 256 508 ee 307 414% Hee 32 mmr SET 211 986 4 ee 257 1869 eb a EB. 354 1059 KF ROT 22 7H HR 29 IBS BF Bot BRS ERIS BAS CLARS 23 42h | TED Bha BobHS BOS RBS — 459 74) US DES 27 BEA TK 260 1833S BS 300 STARS DNS WS OB 219 757% BE Eb LO (Bel 33 27HL TFLO 5m i LiF Ko SUbd 263 99 eK tod ae 3tt 3a mS RT 20 79% LOL 265 997 3 ae gis wim Sb MS 2S 22 55th ha = oRL 317 153358 3D 30 UT 2B 58H bmn 21 BEE RAO 39 MOE ESM 3g GREE 24 1836 CE 268 BIH LS 323 106HS 9B 365 5S RES SUR RS RVFL CSL 269 984 & wi Rn Ns met AT Ble ¢3le & be 34 mE TRH 366 1607 OT SOF BLOSCALHS m3 29 HR 3B 325 ORES ere BS AB Be cu 2m 175 stk BS cma 276 925 st & ees HEF TAT 368 1260 eo 27 BBA OF WOE UFOS 6 RLS SHE 3 BBL SEV B22 9325 om aw AS RA RR 37201 WHS TFS MB BIS HK REEL318 3m 1127 bey BC 315 392A 379 1204 iE Ls Ee E 381 1050 8 382360 ied» Eta bs 384 1757 8B 385 684A at 386 1954 tt < 387 1973 8B ae 390 1486 #8 31 406 8D mee 392 1596 HELLS EES ENS 394 1634 98 395 2139 98 39623 397 740 RK #2 398 26215 309 1936 400 388 Bn 401 1095 3h Rit 4025638 40327 408 16929) » Doe 26 DoT 405 618 45 406 343 08 407 746 410 5978 FE 01k Oka vb BEEN oe CATE TEU oF Rsk ONS nee Share De ogo 224 * v RB Ont OOS ORAZ wuts be zSe sas ko Ite9 55 tot cons Bon bbne be aa aM ho 2B aoe aoe no fe reer RS [REMEMBERING THE KANIT IL aut 2147 8 412 “848 Th 413349 ab 415 456% BUS 416457 8 417 152 WS ht 420. 1005 te ve- wee KTS ea 422.1545 FH a 423 1843 424 2178 BS 25 1396 & 26 265 427 1803 & OB 54K 2 29 23 if 81 1553 LO US 432 ans we < 434 1277 BD BS 436 1571 it 437598 Hi 4381875 i 439 1010 9 442161 i m2 443158 M4 59 Ms 549 Ak 4461860 w # Wit 4720 StS 49 373 490 1647 BEB ale Le we bn oe bES EECwS 25 at cant CARS BCR ARH BO tus Zu bxB an tea £US INDEX 5 — CROSS REFERENCE LIST 451 22H DK 45 7 A 456 289 BAS 45g 10310 SE 460 195% 461 101 463 155 Geet bt eC 464 72 IRD 466 1097 KKK KES BTS 467 2130 KK RS 468 8H CGS 49 BR, 35 410 2064 KOM Pom Roan Tome an 66% DE Re 3¢ sn OLR — wih 4 67 BT HT a5 69 BH PD a7 13% DBD wp 2% RE & a 430 Bore ‘0 2142 m1 M02 ERB 72 Mos 73 1403 ns 722% 16 724 & nt m1 0 1008 B 381na REMEMBERING THE KANH IL INDEX 5 — CROSS-REFERENCE LIST 383 m9 977 4. bb 1 1732 8 wb 815 1743 FEL 869 789 RB a? 7 1735 3 816 1807 HS (EDS RS 730 1867 ts Sth 73 61a 9 817 1585 BK RK 8 Oe BND ObNS og agswhne TNs 818 1834 AIH an 305 Hat BbNS IPN] wr 819 M66 RS EB at ae 0s m suk = 5oL 820 1467 REE art TB MRS LB 7 62K ER S21 48 RE FOEL — TB 974 TTS TH 23R ok 1 BEIAB_ WS 822 409 WA ED a5 TS 3H Bee ome Ans whe 823 2005 HL 816 1623 BS ni Wh ee Ra hee B59 BUSS OS MS SFRS 18 IB EH HLS ACS 871 368 085 ROS EFHS BOS THB RLY Boe LO HAS 738 2118 9 RSD BL 95 AD bdo 827 1590 CBS 379 1034 79 80 KM DSW BS dhs 828 389 LE BOALY 88S 1420 & eae OSHS BONS DdRS fel ROBUY BO hO LTS OBS BYE dvUS BS 250% gga 0 MELYS CHLBS KES OSES 7 US7HKL FFL fic 236 Bot cbt KOS 0503 TH WSR FESO fe RECS ge 325 13 1918 HO & RS MBI = 8D at 1552 KO HD 390 1364 ES us ms ts Ting Ee mum e< smmc 2eC 9 190 BUELS BUS 835 1889 BF (CeT 461 BOB Rin Bes ate BS oS o7 Rie 2 U6 1009 HES HELE oO aS LIB 838 8 ROE neh £ERH HS BIBS Bi OES 2 237 BAB DRS AoC Sob ey tet Bat bat Bbs pbs AGMS Shots 8S £RS 2 w39 KL FEL 4 2162 HE OT 998 175 BS OF 77 1268 HES LUEES Bee hots Be bce 90 432k BE HOS BESS m4 8B TED e415 1061 25 «FLED OL BIB PHY m9 307% RE 1S s2tie> 9 49 613 Ow BAB NAB 750 1008 kB 5 1B 93% Oia 850 90 <5 902 162% bRCL i ea PS Be be 852 876 HO ALE — 9h 9B HID OHS 133 7 BB Wk 80 Bee OS 853 875 BO Mi 96 AK RK 754 1025 Br 802 MIs hb 854 1700 itr OLE oor 237 BL 756 197 RF EF 83 BR RH 857 5 1 Ct 909 2728 751 1559 Hin eave 806 423 HS PHD 858 567) BHD 910 18 HR 189 161 HO EKO Bhe eEnS $59 950 BREE A ve ACS ERTS — 807 IQS CDE 861 9 BS DOB ou 7 ed BED 761 917 HTS BTS 88 MRS OLS 82 MIS AS RED & eB 766 1S HS aT BB Or’ 864 753 HOS FTHS & Me RAD 810 183 ce 865 193 HHS DEBS 914 1868 HTS VTS 166 2023 BF TTOHF BM IME S KET 866 2067 MES KAS = 915 999 BS THT 161 S71 th CB MAR BAB By, Bee ao 3K ws eS 83 70 BK aK 367 25 MAB CAS BUS TOS 768 95 i BR B04 208 Bibs (bbs 916-1753: AAD384 919 921 926 928 929 932 933 934 935 936 937 938 939 940 oa 942 943 944 945 947 930 951 953 984 955 956 957 960 962 963 964 965 539. 1248 B B 1968 A 1883 1550 ik 9 95 1703 1663 ti BAS 1907 1451 8% 20 ROA 232 231 #9 2036 1783 9, Re 61s % 616 1399 4 61? 103% 1166, 1639 Go 1651 ER ERB 1617 962 A 618 UL 995 {kts 29 1578 fi, oe 1084 MIA 2182 that a 136 te 9 BAB BbS 1083 4s 1574 KAD hte & Soe oe TO OTE A Hom De A AE Ub OE OT he of OE ESO BOT vac SER ooo MP ate ee cA os REMEMSERING THE KaNI TL thi 966 1241 te 92 TAR 974 407 SRP is 975 268 Al 976 1435 9781321 fit tt 979° 509 i > 980 527 he 985 1340 9 987-1664 tit 9891306 (4B 90 999 485 991 865 HY 993 481 ED BLY 995 492 Tih at mS 961375 1% BoB Be 99716 RO 998. 2184 8% B 1000 69 #F¢ HOS 1003. 902 e hee woos 269 25 Koo fs & 1006 271 8 1007 270 se 1008110 fmt ere 1009. 111 1 1011 1756 #8 ¢ B® 1012 106 4 a 1013107 # eTOR bp READ str Ce Son eas OOO 4a Ve SUR To mma Sa AE + INDEX § — CROSS REFERENCE List 101s 1314 1016 43 1017 619 1019 944 1021 273 102373 1024 574 1026 2154 1027-620 1029 1784 1030 929 1031 627 1033 2024 1034 1026 1035 486 1036 1008 1037 1830 1039 622 1043392 1045 1269 1087 1795 1088975 1050 537 1051 1137 1052 2060 1054 2233, 1055 545 10ST 714 1058 1820 1059 1873 1061 303 1062 623 1063 1220 1064 624 1067 1886 BS Ale Bot BA Re BS x a wae OER z a ae HO BLY ana REBATE o FOr dO bo Poe RRA eRe MAAR EONS Due AO wee sso ot thiebd OLY o 5 By oo oy 385 1068 1911S BB Hine ene Bet 42 roo 01 2" $27 1071 1698 ROP Sot BES OBB 072 1062 RS? Bh 1073 109 BS 1075719 5 oe 1076 1837 & 1077 1901 arte 1078 1315 ae 107 16008 2H 1081 2187 B RA %EB 1082 1992 RHE 1083 5209 PED 1084 521M HADAS 1086 1744 FF LO 1089 1279 HS DD 1092 MH PLA 1095 39H a CTE MOS £CEOS 1099 47 MD 02 532 = $Y BS 422 0s 453 HS TB mre pHa tos 14 fh Eu 1107 1346 itt BHD 1108 1350 ET m0 ase EEK BUS LEDS nn27 BR 1114 1693 HAS BEAD weet 115 626 HEE 1116 1945 HFT un Me OOF te zB 18 M6 RIES OWES BES OVS 194s 7 ae386, [REMEMBERING THE KANN TI INDEX 5 — CROSS REFERENCE List 387 ew bA WSS ADB ws FRE RST HIRES CLT we to 171 1947 hk 1226 1007 Eom Pb by RS (CB 1120 1670 FB HT URBR ARS =H RGbn Pho o HAD (CRS 121 760 Red ihe age 203 12713 HS DEBS — 758130 HL WEESLY Rc ae 14 176589 BD m8 1246 HOB AF abot RCS ACS ws 7m 6 1230172 M$ PAS 12601363 BBO 114 7039 RED 1180 9563 HS WS DRS 1202 13669 = HOLL 125298 FD MBL IGG AVS YS 12312053 5b 268 69% aE 127 995 LES 11831767 WE ERAS 1232 1806 71¢ OO ¢ 1264 1369 BS UES 1128 1998 HS OS Wibs t2bs 3103 OFS 1265 DIKES MLAS 1129104 Hin be 1s 10 tr 231M BELO ROS UwS 11301633 FD 1186 1498 18 B td Z 1235 952 Bile DE Re tae Re wa 1871496 LE LE R22 SIkS 1067 wre Maes HLS Bhs HL =o BS DES Re Bee 132294 Kw 189 SS KSbT SoH BB LOS 1268 164285 #5 1133-1981 HD hyd Moms bomB 1236 1782 Br kdl 127 129 oor 11361581 EES Mot bor Br 1DtS wm wee CR Mo RO HS be Roe kbwe wms< ob 11391653 KAS ORAS 190 wir IED BS kbs 1215 O71 RES BEB M42 91 eS KB 11921963 HS TAKS 12372015 Bid bat RAS Blas 1432001 HR 1194 468 RO! BC be RUS 8S 1145 2058 HAS ATAS 1195 409 RS RT 1238 1643 HEF Det Rbb tlds 146 1029 BC EC RS KS 1240 54 BEDE bt pdt 1471970 Bem REED — 1197 97 MKC WAL ER ED RO m9 18 257 BF A 199 BIS EE 1243 1692 HS (SS 1276 673 HK BC 149 252 BF ORT 1200 1681 F< 12441977 BH 1EES 129 36S eB Be OS HS POR 1245 1676 BRE Rt okt 130 253 Mit adh 1201 2179 We bnoe Bs Oar RIS KDE BS Oe 1202 166 FIERA BobLO HibbLY RR BL 11521027 HK IRS 1203 169 189 EBRD as ket 180 337 BF AT 183-953 HTB BTS 071791 BE NS LENS 22 448 t BRE BRB BoC Re oHRS 993 9 Rw US 85 $9 -BSE9 IW HD HO 16 27 BRB BRAS ATID NS HS 1156107 HEE BS 228 1247 1028 BF SOF Be Le 1S7 470 fk 0 74 HL BR 928 12852076 WS BES Ne 47 BFA 12121943 he 1243 1620 12872175 HPAS HBAS 1G 845 HS 1215 1157 BL LIE LO 1209 506 HEB He by mn bh 116 628 ZL 1250 507 HS SPAS we =A Rie ths 12181628 Bw WSIMG BOS HOS 1289 4237S FSB 164 1905 BRE AS 1219 1085 STH ZU% BOR Mod hobs 1167 1967 HEL 1220226 US2IH6 HLS DAMBLS 1092 26H OT a ot may Bes hes UNO EAS SLRS OM IBS BEES wk m3 9S LS bs pts ry 3 1169 1636 Wet BAT 1256 936% oD BES FES388 1294 1238 Ii 1296 533. BR 1297 256 lik 1302 1309 b © 1308 1792 i 1311 1980 1312 1984 ire & 1313 2213 > 1315 2068 1316 1805.5 1317 556% 1318 1988 1822 1319 1675 #< 1320 940 $B 1323. 630 1324 694 He 1325 1453. 1326 2049 51% 1327 1765 1328 1796 1329 2127, 1330 2025, 1332 1822 1333-2174 1334-934 1335. 487 1336-493 y re A ob BOS ORT TE nO ce sh 08 REMEMBERING THE KANIT IL ane 1338 369 1340 463 ES 3 1343 1048 1344 966 #8 1345 1755 8 < we 1346 383 #5 > BSDLY ¥obLY Hobs t¥ObT Hne ten} 1347 919 HS FXH 168 675 LIED BS Ute Hoe LOS 1350 1355 mbt Hee hee 1351 890 RD RbA’ DdLD ee Ete 13821053 DS HAS BAB 1355. 118 € atc Chin 3561612 HES HEEB MBS FEBS 13971310 HE DES 1358 147 HOt BROS BSdLY t¥SbLU Bobt eb bt One eens 1360 7208 3B 1363 1770 fi = CED Men CE An Re me te 13671871 1368 1802 ta BO GIRS 1592 31 AT 1466 1398 IRS BH 1507 9LRMS WKS HS bd ES DES 14671599 BRE 1508 92h BIT Wns brs 195 107 ne BHD M8 1 AH rh 1510 1552 RES 2SES 1555 704 “ ® iS SeTS 1469 890 Mow few b 1511 #8 HLA HPL £et eer 1596 954 SF o 1471 635 i bre RL welt 4 ae 1597 119 HRS DAS 1472 1040 RNS KNB HLIOS WP LOS bt wet 1598 1201 ue mo ko 1514 2140 ii a Boe HED WES me B65 febd 669 tlh GOEL 4S Wit 1599 1203 8 Dt 1473. 943 fi oL 1515 1610 BY hte ttns Stha 1602 1047 Bi eL 1474 1841 tktr Ot 1517 639 & OL et ot 1603 1665 ‘fit brn 1475 537 MAB ILS isms | ASE rere 160 45 BSS 1477 1949 tS PTH 1519 640 & HOLL HEAD MAS ‘1605 477 WE zu 1479 1452 HH PLD 1521 1538 str tet 1556 706 L 1607 207% eID 1480 100 teat Sat 1824 376 XS ONS 1560 709 Hi oF 1609 643 Cte 1485 1866 RSL 1533 1786 ue 1563 352 #9 wD r 3 ood ih em be tet seis ott, as pbs 1486 636 SF 2 Mh bn 1565 1859 ¥% ceae ‘1613 1842 RED 1488 637 SS 1536 15662073 HA WS 11 6 || DE 1491 867 Fa vA 1568 1794 ao 1616 1051 5) DE a ok 1537 1569 642 HF one 1617 1037 fil th 1492 868 wet kat 1538, 15711990 BTS PeCS fo eo fhe fake nay eo > mba w3109 BF Eas 19 Rs fox wwe BOK 1495 2071 Hin (Cn 1573 797 BH TE DS fi t RS (CHS 15% 413 Mtr DOLE 1622 1594 F< at 60m Fa hoe asa In we mae D048 Bo2 dbs 1197 988 HOS PHS 1599 1832 Bab LV BAL BC OSS 1498 639 BTS ae oe ROS Bits 1500 857 as 15801673 MLK ETh>LY 1639S LES 1501 853 HITS SHH 1541 RH Dk MoS Lod iD M8 Mica iss wasi he mex at mw bot ‘1545 1582 736 BOP ROT MALS ELS lv brolu BS khse 1626 1009 BH < ae 1503 209 HO REE 1546 1584 738 Ok Meas RCRD 1504 252 ee 1585 362 HHS OVD 1627 2003 #45 9bRS BUe LeLe Bhs dobne RE 02 Ht 525s @lt Lele 1847357 the kbd 1587 1018 & wt Wir abt 1505 1696 ab ‘1548 1799 iw wei 15882075 His Ctr 1629 1443 BAD feted et Lébe 1549 1652 BS BES BOS BCOS 1630 472 <6302 1635 1430 HL ht LO Blt dele 1636 983 HL 168 1431 HE LO 1640 417 ESAS 1641 1602 RES FAS BUS EWS 162 1810 RIV ETB EM 1613 1222 fis Rb 164412219 SAD BAS SHAD 1688 1270 FF HET 1649 1273 RG 16511272 Fat 1652 1090 OE 1653 1147 #8 EL 1654 1060 HR 1655 6S FR 16571515 FP BET Be btB 1658 1027 RK DEK 1662 2066 #1 EW 1663 1513 BS BB 1664 1068 fe 1665 1480 BS TS Me Ob Beln OLY 1666 646 Mat 1668 1479 BIDE ake 1669 1023 BOS PDA RPh FAOD Be key 1670 1206 #5 EL OS BAS LLORAS 16 BS HH SBR 162 33 RLY Hb 1675 125 EW A BS PEED HAS PERS hook 1676 332 bh 9 Ti mo 5es 1678 33 HS BARBS [REMEMBERING THE KANT 1679 1658 #8 1681 427 1682274 fH ite 1688 142185 ane 1680. 921 fl fate HOD 1691 852 1695 2171 TE 1698 1473 1100 1910 TZ 101.177 ‘ie ae 12 1716 BRA 1703 1444 W708 1447 it 1706 1554 BE Ae 1710 1532 1711 1032 Fé fe 72 1995 13 647 14 244 1716 648 & 1717 1808 8 1719 1966 Wo ts was 120 98 BS 1721 499 8 1722 1768 64 & rs 1723 1940 LY 1724 1656 BA 15 860 & 17s 649 & 1731 1539 Bite wat 1735 1022 & LU we 1736 1078 3% hea BbS Eh eb Dhot Sane Bee wee wees ce Oe OR BERS bee BEC Uhed ORS gat th TRB TRUS czy ite eb ae ge Woe oe he aC ot Bins #4 Few PERS BEDS BHU BB BS * te sat hole role ob INDEX 5 — CROSS-REFERENCE LIST 137 525 BUS GAWD img 1975 LE Re Lil BS URS 1742 828 MAS AS BRS 59 Bt bos 1743 1825 Ry bh He Shoe H5Ob SHOOS 1045 1073 BAD BAB RDS BS 17462030 BE BE IMBI72 HE BLb Eble an) 1950 402 HE Roe y7s1 403 fhe EE 17331130 &@ WD 1754 1688 BAS RAS BD RD Bet ROT 17552185 17561618 HE CA WAS CAS ey cet BL cel 17571909 Hie bt HAS DELS HAT BETH 1760 807 ES RS 11621257 KK HED 1764 1253 the «kre 17671255 HME % gin 1768 44 HE ERIE RRL RRL 1770 843 mum Ra” Roan Ba kote Bie E5E 1773 1560 9 bt 1774 325 wo 1775 324 1776 148 ae 1777 151 ti 4780 152 Ultr 1782 1558 80 DAS awit 1784 1709 ae 1785 1938 1B ESIC ae UNS Fa 1788 1736 (8 as 191 1722 % 1792 1026 % 1795 1194 38 1796 1196 BAB 197 1818 5 1798 1754 8 1800 1024 1801 318% < BLS 1803 1795 LY 1804 1052 585: 1805 2046 8 e 1806 44 3 1807 1131 89 et 1808 1955 1810 1704 HV 1811 972 He 1812 1824 ft 1813 1864 BA 393 ERAS ee ots Bae Bin¢ BAS DPdeLO AOE zo th w med bts RBRT baw Ban we 20 BbS4 ‘REMEMBERING THE KANHI IL INDEX 5 — CROSS-REFERENCE List 395 lee is2 MC EK 1887 1003 MIC EA wa6187 BL BE Le 1972 117 KN Rad Lat Re EF Bote 1978 1840 mine Eee 1888 1727 LS LFBS 1937192 HS ED 5 1815 1654 BE Seo he Ute 1938 1056 BUS BIS 1979 656 8 1818 171 DED 1889 1903 B38 HRS BKB 1983 1471 Bi % MAB BERE —“GOOZISOKAS HESLE 19391877 BH eS ue 1819 173 A 1892 1098: 3G OS EOS 1985 1993 Bi < 12 900 % > ho be 1941 1838 EY 1987886 RA 1823 204 WS DRED a ee 19421817 BK EC m< 1835 203 HE BE 1993 1631 HS 2B 1990 1922 ob ws 9 ee wo UH <3 BSF 25> 1994 2082 Wh 1829 95 eK 189617617 TR 198 651 3B 1995 657 i 131 153 KM OC Bw tb 1944 1929 OS 1998 2077 BHF MES OCES 1999 MS «BEES 1945 652 yo ie 1999 2229 hoe OCHS — OE BF ot 1946 653M RE 2000 1732 HOS FIwS 833 SK EC AGS bot 1947 405 BH KDED — 2002 9HHBLV FBBLO 1834 438 He Bn Gna 1948 1584 fh = Lt 2003 658K 1835-39 Ks hale WONT KS SRDS 19491733 Be» = — 2006 9H EG RS Aes 1902 1823 HEE Bow Beem 2008 BOR KO 1836 6 HELE OMtKS GIMP MES BES BES SAKES 2009 5338¥S WIHLOS HES HES Hos tbos Bo’ BROS m0 IHD HBO WO2S EAB Bs Eby 1950 654 UD BAB KELB WS es 1904 784% 19522062 Hr BSW 2 739K HB Wodne Lobh 0s mF Bb war BSD bBo 1837 63a ab 19112055 HF AMAT BOS OZOH 2013734

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