CIVL 2230 Introduction to Structural

Concept and Design

Hao Zhang, PhD
School of Civil Engineering
University of Sydney


Lecture: Gravity Load (examples)
Example 1
3
Dead load due to slab: 5
kPa (include slab
selfweight and
superimposed dead load)
Selfweight of typical
joist: 1 kN/m
Selfweight of typical
girder: 2.5 kN/m
Live load: 3 kPa
Find the maximum
bending moment and
shear for a typical
interior girder due to
dead load and live load,
respectively. (with or
without live load
reduction)
4
Live load reduction
Live load reduction factors
are different for joist, girder,
or columns.
Live load reduction factor for joist:
Live load reduction factor for girders
Interior girder
Edge girder
Live load reduction factor for columns
e.g., corner column

Example 2 Multi-story column loads
To compute column loads, consider all floors above supported
by that column.




4 story building. Story
height: 4m. Assume roof
has the same loads as
typical floor.
Concrete Slab, 100 mm
thick.
Floor Superimposed dead
load: 1.0 kPa
Beam self weight: 2kN/m
Column self weight:
4.5kN/m
Floor live load: 3 kPa
Determine the dead load
and live load on a typical
interior column, at every
level. (with or without live
load reduction)
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Roof
tributary area
@ each level,
m^2
slab (dead
load, kPa) -
single floor
beam
weight
(kN) single
floor
column
selfweig
ht (kN)
single
floor
column
dead load
(kN) single
floor
cumulative
column
dead load
(kN)
Q (live
load, kPa
unreduc
ed)
column live
load
(unreduced) -
single floor
cumulative
col live load
(kN)
cumulative
tributary
area for the
column,
m^2
live load
reduction
factor
cumulative
column live
load, kN
(reduced)
column below Roof 72 3.45 34 18 300.4 300.4 3 216 216 72 0.654 141.17
column below level 3 72 3.45 34 18 300.4 600.8 3 216 432 144 0.550 237.60
column below level 2 72 3.45 34 18 300.4 901.2 3 216 648 216 0.504 326.67
column below level 1 72 3.45 34 18 300.4 1201.6 3 216 864 288 0.500 432.00
7
Live load reduction for multi-story column loads
LIVE LOAD REDUCTION FACTOR :
= 0.3 + 3/A, not greater than 0.5
A is the sum of all areas supported by a structural member, in m
2
.