PHNG PHP TNH NGUYN HM

Mt s cng thc tnh nguyn hm c !"n#

1.
dx x C = +

6.
x x
e dx e C = +

2.
1
1
1
x dx x C

+
= +
+

7.
ln
x
x
a
a dx C
a
= +

3.
1
ln | | dx x C
x
= +

8.
2
1
cotx
sin
dx C
x
= +

4.
sinx os dx c x C = +

9.
2
1
tanx
os
dx C
c x
= +

5.
cosx sin dx x C = +

.......
Mt s cng thc tnh nguyn hm m$ %ng#

1
1(ax b)
(ax b) dx C ( 1, a 0)
a 1
+

+
+ = +
+

1 1
dx lnax b C (ax b 0, a 0)
ax b a
= + + +
+

ax b ax b
1
e dx e C (a 0)
a
+ +
= +

1
cos(ax b)dx sin(ax b) C (a 0)
a
+ = + +

1
sin(ax b)dx cos(ax b) C (a 0)
a
+ = + +

2
dx 1
tg(ax b) C (a 0)
a cos (ax b)
= + +
+

2
dx 1
cotg(ax b) C (a 0)
a sin (ax b)
= + +
+

Ph&ng 'h('
)Ph&ng 'h(' !*+n ,-* ,&. /0 !"ng cng thc c !"n
1(ch g*"*#
+Ph&ng 'h(' ,-* !*+n s: Cng thc i bin s! [ ]
"
# $ . # $ % # $& f u x u x dx F u x C = +

# '#($ l) *+t ng(,-n h)* c.a /#($ $.

Ct li ca phng php l dng 1 bin ph u t v chuyn i biu thc !"#$d# ban %u v&
t'n b( biu thc g"u$du n gi)n v d* t+, nguy-n h, hn.C%n nh/n d0ng 1c cc ,i li-n
2uan gi3a biu thc v 0' h, v4i n5 v6 d nh
2
1
t anx 0sinx cos 0....
os
x
c x

78 phng php ny ng9i ta chia :a cc d0ng nh ;au <
=0ng 1<>, ; c%n t6nh t6ch ph?n c5 h'c bin i 1c biu thc v
0' h, ca biu thc 5 "tc
1
# # $$. # $. f u x u x dx

2
3"ng nh4n 56ng m* 7*n h8 g*&. !*9u thc / ,6: hm
=0ng @<Au h, ; c%n lBy t6ch ph?n c5 d0ng <
;<=2 ch. !*9u thc
2 2
a x
>?t = @ A.As*nt <B
2 2
t

2
;<=2 ch. !*9u thc
2 2
a x +
h:?c .
C
) =
C
>?t = @ A.Atgt <
2 2
t

< < 2
;<=2 ch. !*9u thc
2 2
x a
>?t = @
| |
cos
a
t
< [ ]
20 3
2
t




2
3* t4' (' 5Dng #
EB Tnh #
.B
4 4
3
2 x x
dx
x

+ +

!B
2
3 2
x
dx
x

cB
1
ln .ln#ln $
dx
x x x

5B
1
1 cos
dx
x +

FB
2
1
dx
x x +

;B
sin 2 .cos x xdx

gB
3
1
x
dx
x +

hB
2
1
x
dx
x +

*B
ln x x
dx
x
+

GB
2
3
1 x x

HB
sin 2 2sinx
dx
x

7B
2
2 3
# 1$
x x
x e dx
+

mB
2 sin 2 2 sin 2
# os . sin . $
x x
c x e x e dx

nB
1
.ln
dx
x x

:B
sin 2
1 os2
x
dx
c x +

'B
2
1. x dx +

IB
2 2
1 x x dx

%B
2
3 2
dx
x x

sB
2 3
#1 $
dx
x +

+Ph&ng 'h(' 7Jy nguyn hm tKng 'hLn : Cng thc
# $. "# $ # $. # $ # $. "# $ u x v x dx u x v x v x u x dx =

#4$
5h67ng 8h98 n), ch. ,( :;ng cho c9c bi<( thc :=ng
# $. # $ f x g x dx

t>ong c9c t>6?ng h@8 sa(:

A/#x$ l) h)* s! l6@ng gi9c.g#x$ l) h)* s! *B
A/#x$ l) h)* s! l6@ng gi9c.g#x$ l) h)* s! loga>it
A/#x$ l) h)* s! l6@ng gi9c.g#x$ l) h)* s! a thc
A/#x$ l) h)* a thc.g#x$ l) h)* lga>it
A/#x$ l) h)* *B.g#x$ l) h)* lga>it
A/#x$ l) h)* a thc.g#x$ l) h)* *B
C9ch giCi :A D;ng cng thc #4$
A D;ng s7 E #th9ng dng l, t:Cc nghiD,$
MN 5Dng s ,O ,9 g*"* tch 'hPn tKng 'hLn
Q 5D ER FGnh tGch 8hHn
1
2 x
0
I x e dx =

.
G*"*
( )
1
1
2 x
0
0
I x 2x 2 e 0dx e 2 = - + - = -

.
1hS thch#
+ IBi t-n i x(!ng chJ tGch c.a 2 nhHn tK >a LhMi tGch
8hHn #c;ng NOi :P( t>-n *Bi t-n$.
+ IBi t-n ngang l) tGch 2 nhHn tK cQn t>ong tGch 8hHn
#c;ng NOi :P( t>-n *Bi t-n$.
Q 5D CR FGnh tGch 8hHn
e
1
I lnxdx =

.
G*"*
e e
e
1
1 1
I lnxdx xlnx dx 1 = = - =

.
Q 5D TR FGnh tGch 8hHn
2
x
0
I e sinxdx
p
=

.
G*"*
2
x x 2 2
0
0
I (sinx cosx)e e sinxdx e 1 I
p
p p
= - - = + -

.
RS,
2
e 1
I
2
p
+
=
.

3* t4' (' 5Dng #
1Aa.
sin x xdx

b.
ln#1 $ x dx +

cA
2
ln# 1$ x dx +

:A
2 x
x e dx

T.
2
#ln $ x dx

/.
ln x
dx
x

gA
2
# 1$ ln x x xdx +

hA
# 1$ ln# 1$ x x dx + +

i.
os2 xc xdx

L.
sin xcos x xdx

lA ( )
2
ln x x dx

*A
ln#ln $ x
dx
x

n.
3
sin 4
x
e xdx

o.
cos
x
e xdx

8A
sinx
sin 2 . x e dx

DUa t>-n hai 8h67ng 8h98 t>-n ng6?i ta chia >a c9c 8h67ng 8h98 giCi t67ng ng NOi c9c h)* c7
bCn :
Ph&ng 'h(' tnh nguyn hm c(c hm hUu tV #
D=ng b)i to9n : FGnh ng(,-n h)* :=ng
# $
# $
P x
dx
Q x

5#x$ 0 V#x$ l) c9c a thc Wn x
C9ch giCi :
+X( :Tg5#x$ Y :TgV#x$ ta tin h)nh NZ :=ng :
# $ # $
% # $ &
# $ # $
P x r x
dx u x dx
Q x s x
= +

#4$
# :Tg >#x$ Y :Tg s#x$ $
[in i #4$ b\ng c9ch chia a thc >#x$ cho s#x$
+X( :Tg5#x$ ] :TgV#x$ ta thU hi^n nh6 sa(:
A5hHn tGch *_( >a tGch c9c a thc bPt LhC `(i :xAa 0 ax
2
+ bx + c#N nghi^*$
AX( V#x$ :=ng:
4 # $ # $ ....# $
m n
Q x x a x b = tha ta l(n ta* 67c b11b21...1b*1..1[11[21...1[n

1 2 1 2
2 2
# $
... ... ...
# $ # $ # $ # $ # $
m n
m n
A B A A B B P x
Q x x a x a x a x b x b x b
= + + + + + + + +

4
2 2
1 1 1 2 2 2
# $ #a x $#a x $... Q x b x c b x c = + + + + tha ta l(n ta* 6@c b11b21 [11[21...

1 1 2 2
2 2
1 1 1 2 2 2
# $
...
# $ a x a x
A x B A x B P x
Q x b x c b x c
+ +
= + +
+ + + +
4
2
# $ # $ #ax $...
m
Q x x a bx c = + +
1 2 2 2
2 2
2 2 2
# $
.. ...
# $ # $ # $ a x
m
m
A A A A x B P x
Q x x a x a x a b x c
+
= + + + +
+ +
3* t4' (' 5Dng#
EB.R
2
1
3 2
x
dx
x x
+
+

!R
2
# 1$
x
dx
x +

cR
2
3
3 3 3
3 2
x x
dx
x x
+ +
+

5R
2
4 2
# 2$# 1$
x
dx
x x

+ +

FR
2
# 1$# 1$
x
dx
x x +

;R
2
2 2
5 6 9
# 3$ # 1$
x x
dx
x x
+ +
+

Ph&ng 'h(' tnh nguyn hm c(c hm 7&Wng g*(c #

XY thuy+t : sina.sinb c 1d2%cos#aAb$ A cos#a+b$&
cosa.cosb c 1d2%cos#aAb$ + cos#a+b$&
sina.cosb c 1d2%sin#aAb$ + sin#a+b$&
2
1 os2
sin
2
c a
x

=
2
1 os2
os
2
c a
c x
+
=
3
1
sin #3sin sin3 $
4
x a a =
3
1
os #cos3 3 os $
4
c a a c a = +
Ph&ng 'h(' :AeK :fng c9c cng thc t9ch >a th)nh tng sa( g 98 :fng tGnh chPt :
# . . $ a f b g dx a fdx b gdx + = +

AeK :fng cng thc h= bSc1nHng bSc ch(,<n NZ :=ng cng thc ng(,-n
h)* c7 bCn..
PhPn 56ng #X( bi<( thc chn tGch tGch 8hHn :=ng:
Z6ng
# $ f x dx

NOi /#x$csin*x.cosnx
/#x$ccos*x.cosnx #*1n

i$
/#x$csin*x.sinnx
C9ch giCi:D;ng cng thc bin i tGch th)nh tng sa( g 98 :fng tGch chPt
# . . $ a f b g dx a fdx b gdx + = +

Z6ng
#sinx1 cos $ f x dx

C9ch giCi :
A jkt tctan
2
x
Lhi g :x c
2
2
1
dt
t +
0sin x c
2
2
1
t
t +
0
2
2
1
cos
1
t
x
t

=
+
0
2
2
tan
1
t
x
t
=

Fha, N)o bi<( thc chn tGnh tGch 8hHn ch(,<n NZ 8h67ng t>anh hl( tJ m Nit c9ch
giCi.
AX( /#Asinx0Acosx$c/#sinx1cosx$ tha ta kt t c tanx
Z6ng
sin . os
m n
x c xdx

1 m n Z
A* hokc n ln ta bin i NZ :=ng
#sinx$.cos f xdx

# hokc
#cos $.sin f x xdx

$
jkt t c sinx Lhi g #sinx$.cos # $ f xdx f t dt =

# jkt t c cosx Lhi g
# osx$.sin # $ f c xdx f t dt =

$
A*1n chon ta th6?ng 98 :fng cng thc h= bSc sa( g :;ng tGch chPt t(,n tGnh
t9ch >a .
A*1n H*1c;ng chon ha, c;ng lp i bin b\ng c9ch kt tc tanx.
3[ T\P#
Tnh #
1A aA os#3 $
3
c x dx

bA
2
1 1
..... tan#2 2$
os #2 2$ 2
dx x C
c x
= = + +
+

Fng `(9t :
2
1 1
tan# $
os # $
dx ax b C
c ax b a
= + +
+

2
1 1
cot# $
sin # $
dx ax b C
ax b a
= + +
+

2A
3
sin 2xdx

6
4
tan
os
x
dx
c x

3
1
sin 2
dx
x

1
1 sin 4
dx
x

5
3
tan
os
x
dx
c x

9
cot
1 sin
x
dx
x +

7
tan xdx

sin3
sin 2
x
dx
x

tan# $ cot# $
3 6
x x dx

+ +

3A
# os4 cos sin 4 sinx$ c x x x dx

2
#sin 2 os2 $ x c x dx

os8 .sin x c x dx

2
sin 3xdx

cos . os3 x c xdx

2
2
os
3
x
c dx

3
os c xdx

3
sin 2xdx

4A
1
1 cos
dx
x +

1
1 sin 2
dx
x +

1
1 cos3
dx
x

1
sinx
dx

[)i 5.

sin 3d cos 2d cos sin d 1
3 3 3 4
xdx xdx xdx x
Chq r : 1ng thc ].77*ss
2 2
n n
0 0
(n 1)!!
,
n!!
cos xdx sin xdx
(n 1)!!
. ,
n!! 2
p p
-

= =

- p

!

ne"#n le$
ne"#n c%a&n
.
F>ong g
nss tc l) n ^.77*ss N) 6@c unh nghva :Ua N)o n ln ha, chon.
Chwng h=n:
0!! 1' 1!! 1' 2!! 2' (!! 1.(' )!! 2.)' *!! 1.(.*' = = = = = =
+!! 2.).+' ,!! 1.(.*.,' -!! 2.).+.-' .!! 1.(.*.,..' 10!! 2.).+.-.10 = = = = =
.
22.
sin xsin 2 sin3 x xdx

23.
3
os sin8 c x xdx

24.
3
sin os
dx
c x

25.
3
4
sin
os
x
dx
c x

26.
cos sin cos
2 sin
x x x
dx
x
+
+

27.
3
os os3 c xc xdx

28.
2
2
2
cos
11 7sinx os
xdx
c x

29.
3 2
2
2 os
1 sinx
c x
dx

32.
2
6
1 sin 2 os2
sinx cos
x c x
dx
x

+ +
+

31.
2
2
2
sin 2
#2 sinx$
x
dx

+
32.
4
2
2
1 sin
dx
x

33.
2
2
sinx cos 1
sinx 2cos 3
x
dx
x

+
+ +

2
2
3 2 7 5 3
4 d sin cos 5d sin 6d sin cos x xdx xdx x xdx

2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 4
7 d sin 8d cos 9d sin x dx xdx x dx


2
4
2
2
3 2
3 3
12 d cos 11d 12d
sin cos
dx dx
x dx
x x

+
2
3
2
2
3
2

cos 1
15d
sin cos
14d
cosx sinx
:x
d 13

x
dx
x x
dx

2
2 2
2
2
:x sin2xsin3x 18d :x cos2xcos4x 17d x cosxsin2x: d 16

+
+
6
2 2
2
2
:x
sinx A 1
sinx 1
21d :x
cosx 1
cosx A 1
22d .cos3x:x cosx.cos2x d 19

34.
2
2
sinx
cos 2sinx
dx
x

35.
2
2
sinx 7cos 6
4sinx 3 s 5
x
dx
co x

+ +
+ +

36.
2
2
cos
1 sinx
x
dx