Professional Documents
Culture Documents
\YxtyZcZzd]
Zd]zZ^YkyuYyZd
Z^x
Yv
{
Z
Z^YYyuyu
uyMuyuZcyZ^YZdtZzwyuyZdYyu yz_yZY
Zk] b
YdzyZ ]k Z zuzt]yZYyuZ[ZsYz] bYv
yYvYb
YdzyZ]nzc~ _%Yndy~ nvM~ Zk]vuZdYnuz~ {Ynd-~
vyYvZdt]YzdoY]`ZYyd^vYuzauZZcyZ^M]Z-vYs
yuu]
dzZd`oz]ZdYZY{uyuyYuz-yuuzZZyuZd]z
u | Zd]z z.u ` yu {Zlo yu Y zd- Z] Z| u d z u `u
Yz]v uzYyuvdYua^ZuYZu]dz-ZoyudzZd
]zZ{MyuZd]zZ^\zc]vZ]Yvd]YZ]zd]YyYY
Zd]zyuZ^Zl
vvcZtd\y+y|]`l]Yy{YZd]zyuZ^
] t u d y [YuM Zs W^ `^ & W^ ZYvs YyYu Yvz
vdYuz.uZlZ]yZ]zdZZy[YuMyuvu]Zus
{Yvu]ayZ^lY
Zd]z[kyuZ^`l
Zd]zzZzyu]yZ^`l
Zd]z[z|zyuz{z]zB Z^`l
vdz.yYz]yZ^` lZM{Yv] v u]Z^Zd]zZ^`lzd-y|]
vu]dkz{Y`kyuyuzB Z^`l
Z]z d]{z] joxZ^u ]vct]v#{YZd]z[kZ^`l
p vu] ^ { z] v Z^ ZY{Y v] v u] Z yu yu Zuvd ZsZ
uvZz|Yu]{zyuzyuazo`yuZZY
zcz]YvsYyYud z{YZ
v csZv#{YuyYuuYvdYZZ{zZc
vdz | z.u # ZYvs Y yZyu u ] us ] t `^ YyYu vu] zd
ZZZLUDQWDULN KFRP lsozY
uvu]YzBeuZZ]
dZZZYvZs{Y}vZZvv
vu]dZ}
vcZZZ-uYv{uzZ Zu]dzZz]d^uZ^
vbu]buz]yv{YbZ\vvdYvZzdYvsuzZZ]Yy
ZnuY~ |Mb
ZYZZ]YryZcyuu]uzZ^}vZzsM
bYuYstYyZ]yuzdWZudsZ~`^
dy[YuMz{Yvd|{ZloZyu|vY
]Z]Z^{YsZ
u]gyZ^vu]}vZZYyYuvdYuyuZ^Z]ZcZcbZ^
t]zd-y|]v vct]u]vu]z-ZkZd]zzt]yu]yZ^
Z^ZY{Yv]v dYuZYZd]zzZyuv u]YZ-v#ZsZZ] z]
]Z^M
yYz u `kyuyu dk z{Y u] Zd]z zyu Z ` yu ZZY p o]
yuus]t`^YyYubYuZZozY]yZ^v] duzdYvsvdz.
vYYzYzyuyuudzWYYZcyuYyZ-{y{YZu]Z
zZ]v vcduyZ#]vu ]Zd]zZ^v] duzB Z^
zZ
]]c] z.ub
YuZYZd]z|zyu u ]zZ^
t]zd-y|]
z{Yg{YvdYuYyu`^czdkz{YzZ]{Yv]vu]z-Zk{Zlo
yuZzZ^yZ#v u]ZWZ`yuvdz.yYzZY{Yv]dk
=YzZ^ZczdYvs vu ]zB Z^ t] zd# vdYuZY YzY
udzWYYyuu]vdsZYdzYz]ryZc{YZ{yuyuY`^u]
u]Z^Yu|=Yb]zcz]
Z{zyuyuvu]v#ZZZ]Z]]ryZc{YZ{yu|Z^{Ylu
vu]zd-y|]{Y\BZ^udzWYYyulYZyuv d|yyYzY
Z[kyuvdz.yYzZZ^ZY{Yv]vdYuZYZZZ]Z]]zt]yu
vu]z-Zk
Zvcv d|ZZZ]Z]zt]yu|nuZY~ Z][zZ^{Yz.u`l
Y yZ-uZ bY Zkz] uyY y yu { M{Y v Z Yz zvc Yzd ] z
YZ|auzZ dyubYuZaYZYZdZ]YvsbY [z Z^{Y l
dZ]Zyu]ZZYyZzZaY\zvcZuZzsMb
YvMYvs
Yyu ZdYu y zvc ` yu a
Y v^ +y|] Z]Yzs v uz Yz ] Yy zvc
vW-{Z]Yyz
ZZZLUDQWDULN KFRP lsozY
u{Y|#vu]vz-nu]ZuzzsYYZcZ[zZ^
YyZ.Zu
z^Zu ]uZusz]YyZoy\uYn vyw] nu]y
Yv{zu]-y{uzYv {yyYuusY^{YYuZdzYu|]YyZzY
]yZ]ZZ{bz-btZyZ]vbw]Yyu]uZdz]zsZYzY
nuyMuyYZM
cu]vdz-^oYz.ZYbu{YYy YZz]u Z{Y
vMz]^vYzZyY|-{Y$Mv uz.-c{YyYvZzv yYuYZYzY
Z.dMyZdz- YzYZ{Myuv dz-YzYYyY|-yZbu{YzluZZcM
uYYyYzYvyz^yu ]ZYz-yYvdYsYuZ.kZYuXZZcu{YZ
Z z^y ] ZYzY Zc u z a^ ZuY Z{ Myu bYu buyu
bYvuz]Zn ^]Y\~nu^-z zLZ~nu^-znu{z~nYwZ]~ZZZ]ZM{Y
vMuyYZYzYz]dtb]vzld]ZczYzy[zYz]
v vyYdYzYZ.Zv]vMyuayZY]zvd
YzYyYvZzYwZ]
ZZ{vYvMZy]z]{YZY~bvu]yu ZYzY]uY
nyYvyZZZ]Zvz.YybYZ]dWZZvZyYy
ZYzY Z] vu] YyZ B uY w zd-{Y Zyu zo u
Z^
wZWybYsyu]YyYzdZvu]Z^ZZYvuzyZ
{YvZ^cyYyu|vZ]yz^ZzsZ]]ZYz]ZYYzZu]uZdz]ZB|
Z^YYzu|]Yyl]=Yv^]Yzzkz^ZbYvMZyY|-yuYz{v v^uvz^Z
v{Yuz]v]aZZvuz^ZMuZdz
Z]vuyMuz-YyZZzyZ]uvu]uysuY{Yd{Y~ZYzY
ZYv |d]uYZ] Z cvv|-z]yYvZz]Yyn YwZ]zzB~ Z zoZYzl
]u yMz]Z
YzYbu{YYyzYzuYv uz-dYwZ]zzvdZb{Z]
u vozsM Zczyu Yyz`Yu nb
z-YyZkbZzd-cMhn z^z^c
zluZzsYYZcB uBYZ{zYZ] vZyWZ .Z ZcZyu azo
Z
Yv^Ymd
z^ryZc
Z
Z
z^ryZcYv^Ymd
zdYyWZ{z|{Zlo[kyuuYucazoZcZyZbu
uYuyYzvvczyuYy{ZlovZWZZ]v
WXcu ^,kZ]{Zu]ZvuzzuY{YuzYt]#
z z zZ uYu {z - v |ymz Y {Zu]Z Yz] YzZ v$ yZ]
Y bvs ] LZ yu vv^ Zt] Y{Y uz n Y Z] v Z^cyY yu uY Z] YwZ] _uY
v v v^c Y Y {Yz YyZ ] vuz \k us ] Yy uY uZdY vo ] ZM vvMyu
uYvZYoYZY`u z]usqZ]dz-{]uYYyzZyuZzznuY{M~
v bZYY{Y[zYzY{Yuz` bYzZcuYvYyM
ZuzZ^u]Zsyu ZpZuZYzYZY bY vz-Yu
ZzvZzuYz_zc{Yne
v^]Y~~Z]uYuYzYzcvz { YZ]ZM vu]
uYuzZ-~ WZkZcvdYu]yuuYZY{YYyYvdtydumz u]LZ
z.vyZdu]ZcvvZusZ]Yy~vdYcZMY]b
YYduvyu
vYsYz Yy ~ Y uYu z^s uY ] ^ z Yy ~ #Xc z^s v yYuz] Z{Y Yy uY
cc|Y{Y~Yvu{YY{Y~cv.]dz~buzuZv-~n
YyzazyuYyyYvvYuh]b^YdZ
]dz~b-uYn Z]c]bZszyuM{Yzckzd-y|]uyuc~
zuY{Zu]ZYz]nYuz]cZuz{YcdYuYbYd-bYy
\yuYyuYvdYx-yYzZ#Xcv uYubzXcyu|uY{MYYzY
v vz]Yyzdz-YZsyuYyYu\yub
y^Xcv ]us`Zsyu
bz-Yz y Yy z zYz b
Y v d Zz^Z vv z^s LZ uz YuYvZ]
]YybZovvZ^cyYyuzZ-y|]Z]v]{yuvdyz]z{YZ#Xc
YYuryZcu z.]YyMbtdZZYZcvuzu YZzvZze
v^]Y~
yuuYbx-yuvyuz^Z{yZyuvz^bt
vd
yuvZ]ZYzYv WZZu{Y]ev^]Y~Z]-uYu{zuZpcY
Yv Z]u]zB {YuzbZYyuZ bYtev^]Y~vu]uZpcY
v]| Yy\-{z u]Mz] b
dz-Xc ]YyuYu u]vuY`sY
z^ryZc
YyZYzYZlM{Y~v d-ZZZWYuu|BsZdyuvdtz-LZ{YZM
Z^ Yz ` ]Yv z]{YYyZMZcbYuvkcbYvZ]WZs
u zvYsyZuzZuZ]vZ]yuZ{ Zc vuZYzYbZ
Yu|]uzz.duvdZbuZM{YYvzz]vvZZYzY{YYv"]bYsZM{Y
WZdz]dz-YyZuYZs{YyZ]vzzYzy uZYzYz.du\cvdz]
ZQy {Ysz]]Z-t{Y{zv uz-z]ZyZu]ZcvdsZZyvZ-yv]yuuzyY
v bZoZYzY{YuzZZcZM{YdWZZu]u zZM]b^Z]ZZ^
v bZoY{YZcvuyMuz-zuYuvZrZ{zbYsyu]B ]`^u
vu zbZoZYzY{Y|zoYu v vZY]d_uZM|Yv`^{YZ
zYz yu ] yu Zc Yy ZuYvsy Zzk uz y WZ Zd]z yu Z{ Yyu
uZdYvbu]Zd]zzYz_yZ]yuz-cuz]p]Zd]z
bz- cz]]Yu ]v s Zk ] z]]Y dx-yu Y z^Z Z{ Yyu
yY]Yv v]czYzvoYbuuyMyu#zz{YyZd]z
bYznuyZ.k~ZZ]YryZcyuuYuZlYZd]zyuYyWZz
n~ ]Y fY~ ZWy z^y ] z t] yu v Z^ zl Z ZZyu
{YzvZ^[zYz]vv v`ZYz.cvoZcz]Yz]yu{YZu yYu#z
Zzyu]vdZbZcvv{yyYvZzYz]Yz]yuvZl.kv Y|Yv
zYYZuZ{uzyYvZcv{Y~bz-yYzzZpyuzvuz]Z
v`^ZlM{Yv vuz]v]ayZYiYyZc]vyYzvu]dYdYuz{Yt]
]z]]YYyvYzYM{Y~u YuyYzZt]uyz]]YYy~]YfYu]vzyZ]
Yy ~ ]Y fY bZo M Yz] z]]Y b
sz ~ ]Y fY ] yu vyZ# zz yYz
uzvvZzYyYuyMyufYiYu{Yv]YyzYsu{Zt]ZY
ZvY]yua^vpBD
{ZloZyuu]vY]Z]Z^{Yt]dZZYvZs{Yvs]YpBD
]ZM{Ydzu]vuza^us`^Zyuu]ZZ p vu]Z
dyu ] Z ZyY|- yu v ZZt z.u h | uz Y u yYv bZyu o vN u|
Z
Yv^Ymd
zdZZ{YYz^ZvvZuzzh]YyY|-b
YvvZZ
]pz yZ^ b
YvMyY|-Yyuu yYua^ZuYdYvdsZYyp
ayvu|WdzZvzvZkY{Yyv_yZ]yuz^Zvyz^Zyo] byv
PY `dz ZYb-z^Zb
YY3YwZb- pzbvN
bY
uyYv{Z Y] =Yb. bYv ul yp {Z v{lY]Y
oY]b.pvyw]vZ]YyZdZzvZ]Zsz]YyZdZz#
vv]ZYyZdd{ZdvuMZsYyZdZyuyYv{Z=Yv
uYud|uZz^Z]uZdzv]YydXz^ZzZzsMyup
yupu{uyYyY|- z^u {uyYdyvu|yuLYzZ]p]Z|
u] yZ] Z. Yyu z^Z nb
z- Z] yZ vuz z Y {Y Y~ v LYz
Zu|]|YyWZzZoyuYv uYuYYypZ]zYxYyP uZdzZ]v
bx-yuzYz^ZZYyu v v] dzoZZcuZdzpyYzdYp
vY]Z]dz{YZ^{YyZ]v vkvYz]u]v]o _u ZMpzs
Zyuv vYzyubz _u ZMvuz^Yypa^vdYu]ZdbZoZ
vzuz yY|
]~Wy
o]Y vz^v u]|ZvzZ^ZY
nkzc z z^Z {Y zz] Yy Zus v Z z^Z{Y z Z =Y b. Z
bZYY{YvZ]Zbv{p|kbYdx-yuvpYv
Zzc{ Yz.usz]yY|B]sY|]`oZyuvY]bz-bu]Yybsz]]Y#
Z]pyu{ZloZy uz ]Z^ Zd]zZyuZ^^Z]WoZyuZ
Yy v Z] ZZ | z.u ` Z v# `^ v v v ] o _uZM vu{ uyY x]y
_uZM|vd|[kyuZZzc{Ysz]dov uYubZop]vd
vu]v]oYz]p]d
Yyw]v Yy\ ]YyyY|B]Yz.Zt^yuu]Mz]]YYvYdt
ZYYv^Y
d
Yv^Ymd
z^ryZc
Z
Z
Yuzzwv{YyY|]uzyuYz]ZdoYYvYYyo
yP z]]YYyv]YvZsb
|yY|
]btz-p vdZbvZs_v z.Zyyu vY]u zvY]]o
dvz^v uz]v]uZdYayZY ]o]Y ZWyvdZb
nYvzZ=
YuY~v d-Y]ZvuyMv]d]ZduZ]Yyo]Y
Zl.kdb.o]Y Zv]n Yu^Z|z{Yp=Y~bY ] o Z- u] vzz] Ws yu Yy Z^ p vv z]y p Yz Z] Z
]b
-pbYuyM,kYZkz]kYyz^sWz^kZMb
-Y] vz
b
.LY|dY] { yMyMuZyuu ]vYsvYz{y{zYbYd nu]vYz{yZY~
Z^{Y WZt] v uz ~Wy Yy Z Z ] { yY|] o ]Y ayZY {Y v]
v]YvZs{Z]v z.]ZdYv{YZcvvMuz-Zyu]|vYB {YZ
,k Y _yZ]yu b
y Z ,k ] vu] v bZY yu Z^ v Zp.k Zc Z]
bZbZvvpd.aZczuvvyZ]uz^yuvyv
Yz]vvzz] b
-z]v]{zz^sZ]vZsvvyYdZz
` Yz{vuY{MYyyY|]YzY o]Y vy^lvz`^YuzYyM
bMz.uayvuz-ut]vZvyuoYv.ZyY| bz-YyM|ZY{Y~bzxYyv{YbZYYvZlYZ]cYzYx
c]yua^vmZlo]yua^v
z{Y{zYu]vYvlBzp]ZZd]zz`oZyuu]{zZ
zZZ^zdYz]ZZbucbzyZ]zo]zayZY{Yt]d
v#z]|zzsZz]zoayZYudzWYYZcu]vuYucZd]z
v u] Z z]] Z^{Y dt ZsZ {z Yyu u ] Y YzY Z{z yuyu v
Yyun\
^o]YZgD~ Z]o] `^ { Yuz bZzd-{ZloyuYWZZyu
uzZuY vZ =Y D y Yy us Y vYd
u z ^c voc u Yz] {z
uzvYtYzYz]l]YyoaYyZ^Yu y MoYz]vMu|]dz
Yv^Ymd
z^ryZcZ
z^ryZc
z^ryZcYv^Ymd
z^ryZc
Z]Y
z^zcZ
d
z^ryZcZ
Z]Y
z^ryZc
Z]YYv^YmdZ
z^ryZc
Yv^Ymd
z^ryZc
Z]v,kv vuZMvz],kyubzYz]vu]vZyuvbZY]Z.$
Zd]z ZzB Zc u] ]y Z] zB ,k ] v Zu Z] ZZ ,
k
ukZ]c]Z^u]MY`^kzc\Zkv u],kYyuv{zZYs
vZsvvZz]vvyZZYyuvu]zB {Y#vu]d]duZZ]
uysz]Z]z{Yduz]Yyzz]vZ]uzz.ZZYyMYz]v]Y
vy{YZ.u |uz-Zkyubz.vZz]]YyYbzoz^suYvZdoY
YyMvZsz]Yz]yuvvz]z{Yo]u ]u{uyYzu|yuYvz^svZs
yZ$ {Y ] u ] . yZ] v Z aZc vv yZ] vZs Z] o] ,
k vuYu
uZdY o] b
u ] ZyuZ# bZ b vZs vdy d ] yZY zkZ Zl.k
vuzbZZdtzz.ut]vuZyYz]ZZZ{Yt]v uz]ayZY]z
v#zZyYz u]zB ]y`zub]Zyv uzcYy,k`ldvZ
sz] |Mc ZuZz c vu] uYu yYz ] c o] vv Zd]z z{yu
WZo Z# vZs Zz uz^ u yuyu v d-z] uz^ Yv ] yZ]u vM us ] ZYyZ{Y
vuzzyu]\]y^lYyZzvuYuZus{Y
Yz{ bY dM ZyY|- v] ] ZlY{Y uz {z ] v^c .# vZs Yy b ZY
vubYyYuZZk`oyuYz]vZsvYdYuYz.yY| c Zz vZ z v Yx v] Yy u] na
^
yu v~ uz
vvYyZ]yu]ZMdsYuzYzyZd\c]ZZvMyuZ{YZ{YvYzc
vdZcvv.kZMZ]yvMvdyZ]Z]yYu{Y
v uy WZuZ vZs v vv z^s vZs aYzYx {Y z^
Y]uZzuYuYsZ]|##v]c]YyZz-Y~b-uzY]u]
nu Yv [Yk Z.M vv] uy Y ] o Z Zc vYuz.z] Yy y Y vuz
{YvYzcyuvZsYuz{Yv ]Yy=Yub -YyZ]vZsZ-ZZ.d-Zyu
z^Z[ZpY{Yz.ubsZ{YyYvY]yu{YzcbYuyZ]ayZ
Z]yuZz]dyZ]n+zZ]~ZyYu{YZZM{Y~u {z]YyzdsZcYz]
n^|kWyZ#vu]uYubu{YYyZz^ZYo]Yz vu- z vu]
Yv^YmdZ
z^ryZc
Z
] v v] Yy Z vZ] v yYx.kZ] bz- vc ZM{Y M {Y ~ vZs vdYv
uyMyubzo
vMz] Zd]zyu Z^Z]vZ,kyuzl Z`Zc ZzYz
vZ]Yszz.u{Y~YyZZZdZtYv WY{oz]Z]ZcbZZ]v]YvZs
uyMbu]o]Z]~yY|] vY
]Z],kyuZsyuZ{z{Y~vZs
]WvYzZt^Z]Yv u]uzyZZYZ] vY|YZ^uz^c]u]
YzYb
sZvYz[zZ^ZcZyuYybouyMuyYWYZ^Y{YyZ]
Zc u| yYuz] Z btM Z#yu .z Z vY{ cMyu v{ v{ uz yZ Yy Z^
vYsZyZdYyudz#v{YbZY]ZcvayyuvYv] [zYzz.u
yuZvcM]Zv]YvZsYyvu]v{yuYZ]Zvz^u]
]vZZcyuZZbtN.zZ#yuZuzaz{YZuzv,z{
,u {Yz z] Yy ZZt Zz u] M vZs Z z.u{Y u yN d ] ZY zdl
ydu]|Z^Yz{Y] v uYvZkvvuyuZ]YzdMdMZcbz.[Zk
v uyMv]dz-Yy WZlBvyw]v dyd]lZY]z]]Yt
b
scMyuv{v{YvvcM ]vZ-{Z{YW-yuYzuYuyduz]]Y
v{Yyuzv|YyZ-vZv]YvZsvuYuz^sz]]Y]vyw]
u zYtZ]YybYdsMYzZzz]=Yzb-Yv Y{cMyuv{
z]]Yydu]Yyvu]uzazyZYzYz^Z+z{YZ-v `^Z{{Ycv#do
vvz]YyZZZZduvuzz.du
YyuZd]zZ^+y|]`luZd[Zc{Z]
Z^`u]yZzz]vyuZayvzpdbuzlZ`yu
yYzdYz#yZzYzbuvvzz]# bYubZYyuYyZd]z
Yu]M{YZ]M Z- uyYu^Zd]zdkYzcb
YuYuc]z
Z
Z
Z
Yv^Ymd
Z
Z
y^lYsZYsWYzyuZ]zYz{u yMuk]Zd]zyuYyWYucZ^gvYd]bu
uuz-z]ZZ]Z[M]Zd]z{Z] vdYY||d]Z-Yz#oZozZt]vu]
,cZY{Yizs]{Zvu]dyu Zd]zZ^ u vvcvbuYuaZ^g
tyZcayz
J |sY v dYuZd]z{Yz]Z{zyu]uzd-|sZd]z
dZ zl Zyuvd|zu ^M{Y|z-"bz.aybZ^u]
|sY]vt]bkYyyuyY|]YzcvMyZbYdu] vt]Zd]zZ^]cvo
yu Z]z |s bk uz Yz] | yY|]Y zcvMyZ v vZ] yz tyZc
tyZc+y|]|syuYyZd]zZ^bYdM]{ZduZ]u]n=Yu~MbYuyZdsY
uy Myubzo]
{Yvj]vz^y]]yzB v]duztyZc+y|]|sYyu
yuZdZ]ZvcdyuZ]ZcvuZdYYy]vdqYzZu]Zd]z,cZ{z
`^ "
WZ v Z^ |k v]du Y Z{Y v ]Z ZY vc Z{z
Zd]zZ^`bYvWZMu]{ZlotZdZ]bsZYyYuz.u
z^ZZM[ZdZcYyMzZZvd-vcZ{zyu]v|sZ]Yz
ZMu]dZ[Zc{Z]MzyuzdvZ yZYZ] vdYu=Y_u ZdzZcYyY
+y|]v]duYZ]Yzldyuv ]buZus`zuZd{YvdYdvu]
z.uyubYdYv$uZv|sZ^ZdkY`
z]ZYZ]tu
u{Zus[xoYyz.uZuuz-ZuY
Yzvd--yM]Z^ZQy \kYz]vYyP zlZyu
Zd]zYzY]vZzyubz Yz] .kZovY]
Z^{YyZ]
uY ,z zcdkz] jox uz zcvz [zv ]Y z vuz -uZM {Yz]Y
uYzYYt]Z]zYZ]Yb
yv]ZzyuY^uYubzYz]u]
]Yyl]Y^|=Yv^]YzzkuYz]kZZzYzZcbyv]us`^
vZzbpcYyv`^|~]YfYu {ybzZzyuZcuYuZdY{Zloyu
usm|
uY`se
v^]Y~u -Yz]oYz]ZcuYuyYz
YZbvs]Y^{Yt]Z]usv^Yyv{YbZYbYuMyuYyY^
]YyuYzYY`v vZm]Y~~M{YYbZzcm]yvZvMyu
ZM{Y]vuYsYzaZodyuuZyuYz-uZkZzyuZZ^Z]u{
ZyusZo]sYuZYZvZ YZ] b
Z Ys Z }Zo yZ] \Z yu Yy
ZZZLUDQWDULN KFRP lsozY
z^ryZcyuvz.]ZYYz]
ZZzsMyuvd-n
RYY`~z]{pWZYyYuY],kYyuvy
buyuZ|MZczl Z{Y YyZ^uyYybZoZzl
vdyd]Myu[zyY|uZduZdYYy],kldyuvyvz]bYu
vZlY bo Zzk ] ,k `ld bYv {z ,k Yyu zu {Y Yv$
]Oyzl ZZyZyuzuZ ^cayZb{Y~Z\tdYyYu
`Z]]Yz{vd.nZh`~ ZYyYuY],kYyuv uYubs{YyZz]
yuvvvZn`~ |ZZov u]dZsz],k]vz]ZhYts
auZ]vvvZniyYs~Yus]ZyYuY]Z YczlZZy
zZ]u]v[ZtdYZ^{Yt]cY{Y~]Yovyzc vy
]zl ZZuyukYYvkYvZsZyYyusYZ
z]Z]zZcMZ^u]vyYx-YZ]bsZyMyuvZlYp
ZY Yv{z Z] v uYu b] bu nRYzY~ Y] Z Z] v
yumYZ{Y{Y v dsZby]Yydsuzb]ZZ]|oZYt
`u]MmYYZu]nb
ZkbY~ MvMvvZZ]zZ
zc{YvZZbZk]Zcuzzz^Zb{YvY uzb]ZZ]Z
{Yt]vu]uzb]ZZ]
#|ZYuYoZYvYdtzz-yu
kZ.kyuvu]ZYyYuYZ]ZZ]Z{Y{Yvu]nb
ZkbY~
vuznzcu]Z]Z_vz]{vu]uzbzoZYZkzZ,k
`dyuZd^YvYn]Yzc~ n]Yzc`~ vYu ]oz]oZYZY
u]n[Yzc]Y~ZY[ZY{YYz{u]
Myuz.uZkZz] Z]z Yz{ W yZY o ZY Z ] ZlY yu
]zyu v u]YYzZYYvZsZY {Y cuZduvo Z] oZYvdYvbz
vvyauZ]ZuZZzZ]Yvv{zzcuZ{=Yv^Zz]
vuzbZsZ]yuz]{v{z=Yv^bx-yuv| ZWYYyu
`~z]{=Yv^bsYyYuYv uZdzYYz]YyZ]|z]Z]zv uzb]YZ]
Yv^czl ZZcvsZyz]{=Yv^vdz-Znz]{~ nz]{
Yyub
YuzyuYyYzY{Yt]YzZd]zvdYuz]Z{YgiZloYz
Zs{YuZdYZ]by]gyZdtZ]WZ{Yuzzl ZyuZ
Yv Mz]bZocuvyuuzvZ{ZYy]ZZu]uyMZ^u]v|+z
ZZZLUDQWDULN KFRP lsozY
]Yvpb-uzz o]Y]z \
Z]Y]Y]Yvp_vZYyus
v dYvZM[u]ZY_%YuZ Z
Z]{yuv bYnv~ nZY~
zdYZzYz]YZuzzcvzk{YWYvZ
{Yt]yZ]yZdt
cu{Ydz-Yyvu]uzbz]zyZdyu ZZcuz[zYyZZt
aZodZ{{YvuYvcYz[kyZ^c
YyMZWZdy|YyYZz{Yt]vYyxvuY{MYyZ-v uz]YuzmzYyZZYz]Yz]yZdtv u]vv^cZ]zZ-uz]]]z
[zyuM{Y~zdYYz]Yu^YyY-YZoZ]zYx]Y u Y
-Yz]uZ{=Yv^vZz]Z{YYyYzdouzbzyZdtZZt
M{Y~vZ WYvyuZzZ]uzZyYyyZdtbYyuZ{=Yv^uYubu]v
z]{=Yv^yuYz]\zyuvcyZdtvvz]yZdt{Y|Z{Yt]
Z]M{Yv]|zdYZzYz]Yv uz-ddZb]zl ZZyu
ZvZzYvz]Y zYv^ Zyubz]{\]Y^
vuz-dz]{\yZyuYzYv^Z],kyuu]\
uyz]{=Yv^ ZZcvbYu{Z]z]{=Yv^cyu|o]Yvp
b{zbpcvuz-dbz-yYz]YiZlovZz]YzYv^Z`o
| vu] d yZdt b ] v bZY zx Yz [k ZyZ^cYyM
yuvu]WuyYu yyZ]ZdYyYuvu]vuyMyuY]bp{Yv#z
b^ u ]Zus]t
|uyYyubYu Yt Z vZ Z] uyY
blo.ukayz$ZYyZ]z]vyyZdY
Z-
- `ZY Yv Z# u ] ZY u `zu Zd
Y t] { yz] ZM
ZZ`dsYuzdsZ.yuZ{c{Yv- {zZdYu
Z.z.YzZZdYu
{c{cvYdYuYz[k`yuu]n{Y_yY|yuz
vuz-dZMZubu]Ykyuu] zyZ^c
ZM}vZz^Z
pdZcYz[kuzu {Zu]ZYyZMZuuuz-z]Z k]Yu]Mz]yv
{Yz]YY{YbZoYz]vu|zz]vuzyYuY|{cYz]{cZ{Y{yuZvv
{c |.Zk Yy n Z bp yu ~ vv d-{Z] ZYs vuz -uZM
|bYzZoZk uyYuvZkzZMbloWYuyoZdYuvuz
YzY[ZYz^ryZcyuvz.]yZdtYz]
yZ^sY
YzY[ZYz^ryZcyuvz.]YYz]
Yv^YluZ^YyZ^sYu^YyZgMyYayo]Y
dZsZ]vYz-Z]Z{yyuv{vcZbYu{Z]Z^ZQy{YyZ]
.Zs Z.k Y bs ZY .dM Z yu Zzk Y {Y v] Z vuz. d
sz]u]dZbuWZ]ZZ]YzYzyu]Y^kZ{yubszz]ZY
{Y Z] Zzp yu }
Z^ uY \Z]Y uY Z] $ Z^ ZQy {Y
YyusYvvb]buZYY]=Yv^]YvpZ]oZYuY{YZYZ-uY
Y [ZtdY Z]
uZ zk ZY vp ]Y zk vv \ nv p M v~ n{ ~~
nvpMv~YyYuY`Zt^cZdZZ]Yzu z.yZZ
Z{YuzbZt
Yyzl Z{ZMZcuz]Z-]Z-]Y^kYz[zZ^Zyu
{~yvM{Y~vv cYyZ^bsu{YvY
z]YyYbsvzc
v{zZ]}Z^
]b]uz]\
Z]Y]Y]Yo]Yo]Y=Yv^
Y { YvvY]yumZ u yMuZmZ=Yv^]Yy{~v
vbsbZYZuYuyZ]Yz]Yyb]{~uz.
vZbs]]YcZ^`suY]yzk]Yv]Zj{Yzd
o{~z{Yu]uYub]buvZYY]{~Z]yuyv
u]uZdYZYzYbu]]zbuyYZ{]Y[YZ]Yz]b
YvvZYz^y
~v u]vzpZ]ZZ{ZdY{Y[zZ^vu]vyZdYzYyu[zyY|Zu
v z.]b]Z^ZQy{YvbZYbZYYz]ZcuZdzYzZ^Z]YyZ^{
nbYyvZyvZv~b.bZyZdYz^ZZ]{{YhuZoYZ{Yyu
yuvvd-z^ZZ]{{Yu]=Yv^]YvpbYuyZY{~]Zd
Z^Z.Z^dYZ]{~aZYvYv YvYsz]YyykuzvYsZZ{zsM
Zz] {~_uYZsZY{YyZZyvZoyuvuz-kYYz
]Yz
Z^bZoz.dZ]zl ZyuYvv dZ Yv{bYu{Z]ys
W ^syuu] WYz-
YzYv|s]Z^v|sZcY|sbZsZ
yZyuZYzY|sYZ]]Zyuu vPcYz]uzuYzYvyuZ{yyu
bZo{~{YZYzsZ]z doYzZ]zYt]vdz-yYzyzk]Y
yuYz] { ~ v d do b ZZ ` h | Z Y Zkz vu
u]ZyuoZYYvZsZY{YyZ]Yz]Y
]ryZcd
^ZYcZz^ryZcyuvz.]YYz]
vMYzYzYyuZYz-[zZYz- YzYWyZyZzkY{Yv]z
z^y]ZYzY,kYyuvZlYv zYyZYv{z
YPs,k]
ZvZ{Y~u]vP]zz]zkc~szYZdcy{
YzZ]zvdz- yYzPzbyuu]uZusz]Yysz]Y]z
{Yt]YZ]sz,kyu]Y[Yyud^Y vuZdYYzbyu
v]v vZYzYYvYZ^dvYv]usMv]vu]ZYzYyZyuZYzs`Z]{uZ]z
Y]]YYyYwzZu ]Z]zZYzYW yZyzd-y|]Y]Y[Y{Y
YoYvyuyyZyudtZd{Y~zZuZdzYz]PZvZz
b b
dz- Yy Y uyMyu ztc ] uz zZp Yy uYv] uyM uyY ZYz.]z z]
yuZ^Z^]YZ]ZYZ-uY{Y{YYzZ]zvfZ],kYyuZYz.]z
vZYZ^Z^]Yv uyYzzszyuYyzsYZuZdyuZYzYZuyZduuzbZo
yYvZz]Yyzk
]YZYv{z{YZck{YZYZ-uYuYubucyu
uZdzv]YyYyPszzsYZ]]ZYz]u Zdz{ZloZd{s
zzlZ{yZkYzyuPuzauz]Yyzk]YZ]Y
ZzYvYYZ]Yzu z[svY]nZzY~ \Z]YyYu]ZyZyu
Z]vuyMuyYZz]dtZdYz[kyuszY|Y
YZ^u]vyzcZZuYzYbu]szZzkY{Y~vYv uYuZZ
buYyuszZ.d]YZ-vuz-v} yubzgYyuZyZY
vdYu
yu uZ zk ZY Z-uY {Y z^y ] +y|] ^k z zl Zyu
Zcvo{YbYznZz^k~ ZZ]^kYu ZdYYy]Zd]zzZ
bsZsYyZZZ]Z][zZ^Yt]Z{yuvuz-zdYyzp]
Yz]Z^cyYYvzdZc`u zuZlYZ^buYz]YyvkyZ]zs
vy^lzlyZ#zWYYyuZ^ yZ]yu vZlY yZ]b
sZd]zsYZ]kY
uYu{ZkYzbu_vZ]dovZ]by]zyZyuYybuYz
yYzdY z ] u|
l yYzY c Zc bu Y u zd uYv] yu
{Yz.ut]u ]ZMZoWYvuYv]yuZ]zbZouyyYbYu
zvuYubZocvdZzMZ]zlzzsYYyu|Zz
{Y]vuYucYyZvzbuvuzdzZ]YyZdudz-Yyzv]
ZcbuYu ]zyuZzMZ{Yt]ZzbYuyYzdYZbu
vdYcYzyu]zZZo|uyyuuyM]Z^bu{YvYz]Yz]z.
]YzZpYyuZYvuz]yZ]ZYzYz]YvcZ]vuyYzYyZ^`sdz-YyuYv]
YzYyuZ]zj]Yz]WZcdoZbuzzsYYyuvvZZZZbu
] Z
{Yz-YyYyubz-ZlYZbu]YzYZpY{Z{zZt]
yu ]ZmZ^oZZ]YyYZu]ZZY_&_vZZus{YYz
[M]zyuZyZ]yuvyzcZZYZ{yubyuv v-YzY
|YzYsYuyu vvZ zp z bZo {Y z- mZ^ o byz sYu ,k
yu dZb
u Z%u yu Zus {Y bZo Yz] vv y^l v \ dZo vdYd
Z]yYbYuYuY{YyuZd^avYzYyuyuZYZdZv z.]ZdZ
bub
z.ZlYlbuayvZ^ycZzpc]zd]u]YzWZyzc
kuyZZ ]zYZ z}ZYz] \x {Y bZo #z l
yYz[zuynz~ ZcYbpcYyYzYyuzbzo-zu]dz-uz]YyY|
Yz-\dYz\x
|dZYzYY\YyYyuZ]zzd]#uYv
Z^zcYyuyuZ`vu]YzY
YzYyYx.Z]vZYYsY
zzY]lbucZ^cZ.ducvvY{ZZZ[zuyz
uyYuZ-YvkyZd-]{ZbYYvdY{Yuz zvdsYuzZyXcvc]zyuyZ#zyuY{Yuzz
zYyuus`]]|vu]vY]joxZ^{YZu Yv] yu
bz-YysZ\xzlyZ#zZZZcvvZyXcvc
{Yyu yZ]fuZoYu]Zk Z{Zu]ZYz]{yZ^ \x ZY
vduyY
YzYY
uZdY-uz]bZo][zYz-uZk Zz y{]zlbtzyuZYzY
y zu Y ] zdu vyZ z-yZ vyY|Y Y] Z vv uYu ZY z] yu
Z{yY Zd Z] v dYuYyZus uZ{yYZd| v vZjyvc ] vuyM
Yz] zl u z WYY Zc | ZY ldyu b
Yv Yt vuZ v]du {Y Yv$
Ybz-us]n|d~Zu]yZ-{ZZ]zYzZ]vdsZYyyZ#YZus
ZYzYYz^yZcbYvdsZY\xzczdzcvYuY{MY]\d
dMvyZ]y]ZYzYZyuv]]uZz{YYvu] z] Z _vZ
WYyYYzY sYu Z]zc]zZYZ]Yz]d^Yu ]Y bZ yZdY
Z]|d ZdYuY v zcz.uYZdz{Yu]Y||dyuv
YzyuYz.]zZZzkczlyZ#ZzyuYzYYz-vYuY{MY
Zzc YzY ZyZ^c[zdv] lZzyuM |MbsyZ] [z ~
]z.ubzyuvZ uyYu {ZZ-YvkyZd-]bYZlZ|Z{yuZo
{Yuz]M
zcY
Zzc yYzY vuz-{ZMYzY]zcYY+y|]Z|szllz yu
bYuuYvdYzZMYYZcz.u{YuZc{YZYuvcl
vuz ztc Yy Yz YzY Z Yv Z# vy iY ] y Z] |s Y
vvZusZ]Yy uZd{YWl Zzc b
YuyYzdYZzYzYz]Z
]YyZusuZdvvZdZYu ]vuZdzccdzZz]ZY
vdsZzZMYzYzYyuYylYvuz Zk uyYY{Yt]Y
v uz Zy Yy Zus W^ ]Z Zcc d^Y ZY u Yv [Zc{Z] Yy Zu Zd
zcYz]uZY
yZsayvYyYuYyZMvuZZccYZk]YyZ^uyZYz^y
udzzay]vuYuv]]z{YZYuu]YvdYvaZWZyYyu
bzz}vcz]ZYbYuzZYzZ]YyvvZnc~$MbZ
u]YyYvZZsZZs}vcY`b