BLOOD

the average human has 5 litres of blood

it is a transporting fluid

it carries vital substances to all parts of the body

All blood cells are formed in the bone marrow

Red blood cells

White blood cells (leukocytes)
neutrophils
lymphocytes
monocytes
eosinophils
basophils

Platelets (megakaryocytes)
Leukocytes help fight infection

Phagocytes
neutrophils
monocytes/macrophages
phagocytes

Inflammation
neutrophils infiltrate site
monocytes/mactrophages help control
immune reactions
basophils release chemicals involved
in inflammation, allergy
White cell counts is normally 5000-10000/cc

Leukocytosis- elevated cell count

Leukopenia- count is depressed

Differential- neutrophils 50-75%
lymphocytes 20-40%
monocytes 5-10%
eosinophils 1-3%
basophils 0-1%

Hemostasis (clotting; stoppage of blood loss)

Platelets- plug formation; can repair small
wounds
Clotting factors (coagulation)

Roles of blood

oxygen transport
nutrient transport
waste transport
transport of other essential molecules
(antibodies, hormones, etc.)

regulation (temperature, metabolism, etc.)

fighting infection