Ko di tui th my bin p lc nh

theo di tt hn
My bin p lc l thnh phn thit yu ca h thng
truyn ti in v thng l ti sn gi tr nht trong
trm bin p. Kt cu cc cun dy my bin p da trn
cng ngh c kim nghim theo thi gian, l dy
dn ng bc trong cch in xenlul c tm k du
cch in.
ng bc trong cch in xenlul c tm k du cch in. Trong nhiu
thp k qua, nh ci tin cng c thit k v cng ngh ch to, ngi ta
gim ng k c tn tht, s dng vt liu mt cch ti u, nh gim
c kch thc my v gi thnh ch to. Vi mc thi gian trung bnh
gia hai s c (mean time between failure - MTBF) l trn 100 nm, my
bin p c xem l loi thit b c tin cy cao.
Tuy nhin, i ng my bin p Bc M hin ang ngy mt gi ci (tui
trung bnh ca my l khong 30 nm, nhiu my cn trn 50 nm). iu
ny t n lm tng ri ro s c, nhng km theo li l xu hng p
buc cc my bin p phi mang ti cao hn, trc sc p kinh t trong iu
kin h thng in c t do ha. Mt khc, p lc kinh t cng i hi
phi ko di tui th my bin p ng thi ct gim chi ph bo tr. Tht
may mn l a phn nhng yu cu i nghch ny xem ra vn c th p
ng c nu p dng rng ri cng ngh nh cao v phng php theo di
loi thit b lc mt ny. Theo di trc tuyn lin tc cho php pht hin
sm hin tng xung cp cch in c nguy c dn ti s c. Pht hin
sm s xung cp cch in my bin p s gip gim thiu s c nghim
trng c th dn ti ct in ngoi k hoch v yn tm hn trong trng
hp cho my lm vic qu ti nh mc.
Cc loi hnh s c
H thng theo di ton din phi bao qut nhng loi s c khc nhau c th
xy ra trong my bin p. Cc nguyn nhn chnh gy nn s c c th c
tm tt nh sau:
Lo ha cch in
Theo thi gian, v di tc dng ca nhit , mch phn t cch in dy







qun my bin p dn b t, lm gim bn c hc ca giy cch in.
m trong giy v kh xy trong du cch in cng l nhng yu t thc
y qu trnh xung cp ny. Gim c tnh c hc dn n nguy c ph hy
cch in dy qun khi my bin p chu tc ng ca lc in ng do
dng ngn mch gy nn. Nhng rn nt trong cch in ca cun dy lm
gim cng in mi v c th dn n phng in mt ngoi khi c in
p qu , thm ch ngay c trong iu kin lm vic bnh thng. Nhng
hin tng ny c th c theo di lin tc nh thut ton da trn cc c
tnh ca my bin p kt hp vi vic s dng nhng gi tr o c v nhit
du, dng ti v hm lng m trong du.
Suy gim bn in mi
Vi my bin p mi, cng in mi ca kt cu cch in c xc
nh bng cc th nghim in mi xc nh d an ton ca bn
cch in my bin p so vi cc iu kin vn hnh d kin. d an ton
ny c th b suy gim do b nhim bn nc, cc phn t ph phm ca s
xung cp du, hoc s xut hin cc bt kh t do thot ra t cch in t
qu bo ha. S xung cp ny c th dn n hin tng phng in theo
chu k trn b mt cch in. Vic nh gi yu t ny i hi phi theo di
lin tc cc lng cc nh ph phm kh do phng in to ra v ha tan
trong du.
im pht nng cc b
n nh nhit ca my bin p c chng minh mt phn bng th
nghim nhit thc hin khi mua my, nhng cng cn c th cn c vo qu
kh vn hnh ca my. Khi my bin p lo ha dn, cc im nng c th
s pht trin do c nhng im kt ni khng cht hoc vic lm mt b suy
gim cc b do c s chuyn v cun dy my bin p hay trng n cch
in. Cc im pht nng bt thng trn dy dn hoc trong kt cu cch
in s lm pht sinh kh ha tan vo trong du. C th pht hin cc im
nng cc b ny nh b cm bin t u dc theo ng tun hon du.
B iu chnh in p
a s cc my bin p u c trang b cun iu chnh v b iu chnh
in p thay i t s bin p sao cho ph hp vi iu kin vn hnh.
Trn thc t, l c cu c kh duy nht chuyn ng bn trong my bin
p v theo thi gian s b h mn.
Trn cc tip im ng c th hnh thnh lp mng mng lm gim b mt
tip xc. in tr tip xc tng dn s dn n tng nhit v hin tng
to kh, v s xung cp khng th o ngc ca cc tip im. Ni chung,
b iu chnh in p c lin quan n mt t l ln cc s c my bin p.
khc phc, ngi ta pht trin nhiu phng php theo di tnh trng
c kh ca chng nhm cnh bo sm ngi vn hnh my bin p.







Gim thiu s ln ct in
Mt phng cch gim thiu ri ro ct in l to ra d tha nng lc
bin p. Trong tin trnh pht trin, t cc cng ty cng ch phc v cc
khch hng c nh chuyn sang cc cng ty t nhn hot ng trn th
trng t do, c th nhn thy xu hng hin nay l s thay i t ch n
trnh ri ro chuyn sang qun l ri ro. Trc y nhiu cng ty in lc,
li truyn ti thng c trang b d tha my d phng trng hp
mt my bin p b s c vn m bo c ph ti m khng gy cng
thng qu mc ln cc my bin p cn li. Ngy nay, yu cu thc t v
kinh t buc cc cng ty phi khai thc tt hn cc thit b hin c. Xu
hng hin nay l lng ha gi tr ca ri ro s c bng cch xem xt xc
sut xut hin s kin v hu qu d kin v mt kinh t ca s kin ny.
Theo cch ny, c th lng ha li ch d kin thu c nh ci tin h
thng theo di nhm gim xc sut xy ra s c nghim trng.
Theo di trc tuyn my bin p lc khng phi l vn hon ton mi.
Ngay t thu ban u, my bin p c trang b mt s c cu c bn.
Trong s cc kt cu ny phi k n b ch th nhit dy qun my bin
p. Dng chung nht, c cu ny bao gm mt bu cm bin nhit , c
ci bn trong mt ng t trong lp du cch in pha trn cng ca my
bin p. Bao quanh bu ny l b gia nhit. Mt phn dng ti c dn qua
b gia nhit ny. Dng ti s khin bu cm bin nhit c c nhit
du cng vi s gia nhit m theo thit k s bng tng nhit cao nht
ca dy qun so vi nhit ca lp du trn cng. Cht lng trong bu dn
n qua mt ng mao dn ni vi mt ng h c thang o c trang b cc
tip im c th iu chnh trong phm vi di vn hnh. Mt thit b truyn
thng khc, l ng thu kh t bn trn thng du my bin p, dng
thu cc bt kh to ra trong dy qun my bin p hoc trong h thng cch
in.
H thng Intellix mo150
Ngy nay, nh c my vi tnh v kh nng truyn ti d liu, ngi ta c th
theo di lin tc trong phm vi ln hn rt nhiu. Dng sn phm Intellix do
cng ty GE Energy pht trin l v d in hnh ca h thng ny. H thng
c thit k o lin tc mt s thng s quan trng nh nhit du,
dng ti, in p t vo, hm lng nc trong du, kh ha tan trong du,
nhit ca b iu chnh in p v trng thi ca b tn nhit. Cc m
hnh ton hc chuyn i lin tc cc d liu th thnh cc thng s c
ngha, cho php pht hin nhng din bin ng lo ngi xy ra trong my
bin p.
Nhit trn tng dy qun my bin p c tnh ton c tnh n dng ti,
nhit du, cc c trng ca my bin p v hng s thi gian ca nhit







dy qun. Qu trnh lo ha cch in c tnh ton ty theo loi giy
cch in c s dng, hm lng m v kiu h thng dn n du.
Hm lng nc trong cch in rn c tnh t hm lng m trong du,
nhit cch in v hng s thi gian khuch tn gia du v giy. y l
thng s rt quan trng i vi cch in dy qun my bin p, v n nh
hng n tc lo ha v qui nh nhit ti hn gii phng cc bt kh
t do khi my b qu ti. Hm lng m trong mn chn cactng gia cc
dy qun cng l thng s ti quan trng. Hm lng nc trong vng ny
c th cao hn rt nhiu so vi trong dy qun do c s chnh lch nhit .
Hm lng nc ny tc ng trc tip ln bn in ca b phn chu
ng sut cao ny.
Php o kt hp kh hyr v xit cacbon (CO) ha tan trong du cch in
c phn tch lin tc sm pht hin du hiu phng in hoc pht
nng cc b trn dy qun, dy u ni hoc thng du my bin p.
Nhit trong khoang b iu chnh in p c theo di pht hin
nhng trng hp hng hc v cho php can thip trc khi xy ra phng
in b mt.
Hiu qu ca h thng lm mt c nh gi lin tc bng vic so snh
nhit thc ca du vi gi tr tnh ton da theo c tnh k thut ca h
thng lm mt, ph ti thc t v iu kin nhit mi trng xung quanh.
Cng c th nng cao nhy ca h thng lm mt bng cch kt ni h
thng iu khin vi ph ti, nhit cun dy my bin p v nhit du.
B iu khin in t
Trm iu khin Intellix c thit k vi cc c tnh k thut sau:
Gm cc b vi x l hon ton theo k thut s;
Hin th ch v s, iu khin phng cun;
Dung lng cha trn 100 ngy d liu qu kh ngn hn, trn 3.700
bn ghi chp s kin v trn 4.900 ngy hot ng trong qu kh;
V bc NEMA 4X bng thp khng g;
Giao thc trao i thng tin: DNP 3 (kt ni ni tip);
D dng lp t, cu hnh v a vo hot ng;
Phn mm giao din ngi-my bng ha (graphical user interface -
GUI), thn thin vi ngi dng;
T ng thu thp d liu;
Kt ni thng xuyn (qua DNP 3.0);
C t l tng tc v hin th d liu;
C kho lu tr d liu (c th nhp, xut);
C kh nng kt ni thng tin t xa qua mng LAN v modem.
Kh nng kt ni thng tin t xa c m bo bng mt moem hoc mt
fiber-modem truyn d liu t my bin p n thit b u cui xa







(RTU) trong phng iu khin trm bin p.
H thng ny c th c cung cp km theo mt mn hnh tinh th lng
(LCD) ha chiu sng lng (backlit). Bng hin th ti ch cng bao gm
cc phm tip xc ngi dng c th lt qua ton b d liu c sn, quan
st cc s o v tnh ton ang din ra. S dng bn phm, ngi dng cng
c th cu hnh li bo hiu h thng v cc im kim tra.
Mt phin bn sn phm Intellix c thit k vi bn tng cao thc
hin chc nng bo v. B Intellix ny c th tc ng tch my bin p
ra khi vn hnh nu nhit dy qun my bin p vt qu ngng chnh
nh.
Cc thit b theo di ny c ch to vn hnh lin tc ngoi tri trong
mi trng khc nghit ca cc trm cao p. GE cho bn h thng theo di
Intellix MO150, gm mt h thng cm bin tch hp, cc m hnh phn tch
v cc c tnh x l d liu, c th ng ph vi phn ln cc ch s
c thng gp. H thng ny c thit k to ra cc cng c nh gi
trng thi ch yu nhm qun l hiu qu v s dng ti u mt thnh phn
trng yu trong trm bin p. GE khng nh rng vi vic s dng h thng
ny, c th bin iu k vng tr thnh hin thc, l ct gim chi ph bo
tr ng thi ko di tui th, vi mc vng tin cn thit vt qua tnh
trng qu ti, v nh pht huy y nng lc ca my bin p