CCNA3 Exploration Chapter 3. Study questions.

3.1
Why is it generally a good idea to split up a large network into smaller
networks?
Splits up broadcast domains, which cuts down traffic and should improve
performance. Allows different groups of users to have different facilities and
security regimes.
What is the advantage o implementing su!nets as "#ANs rather than using
routers to separate su!nets?
VLANs can be implemented using switches, which are cheaper and operate
more quickly that routers. !hough a layer " device such as a router is still
needed to route traffic between VLANs.# A VLAN can be implemented across
several switches in different locations, so that a group of users with the same
requirements does not have to be all together in the same place.
$ow many "#ANs %an there !e on a Catalyst &'(( series swit%h?
$%%
Whi%h "#ANs exist !y deault on a Catalyst &'(( swit%h) and whi%h o these
are intended or Ethernet networks?
VLAN & is for 'thernet. VLANs &(($ to &((% also e)ist, but are for use on
!oken *ing or +,,- networks.
* you %reate a normal range "#AN) where will the inormation a!out it !e
stored?
-n a file called vlan.dat which is in flash memory. Not in the running or startup
configuration.#
A new Catalyst swit%h has not yet !een %onigured. Are the Ethernet ports
asso%iated with any "#AN? * so) whi%h one?
.y default, all 'thernet ports are in VLAN &.
Should you %onigure the swit%h *+ address on "#AN ,?
/ou could, but it is better for security reasons to create another VLAN to be
the management VLAN and assign the -0 address to it. !his management
VLAN will be used only for managing the switch via !elnet, SS1 or the web
based interface.
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What name is given to the type o "#AN that %arries normal user trai% su%h
as iles) downloads and e2mails?
,ata VLAN or 2ser VLAN.
Whi%h type o "#AN needs spe%ial %oniguration so that its trai% has priority
over other trai%?
Voice VLAN.
What are the two methods o assigning an end devi%e to a "#AN) and whi%h
method is more %ommon? 3Assume that voi%e trai% is not required.4
0ort based or static VLANs are configured on switch ports and a device
connecting to a port belongs to the VLAN configured on that port. ,ynamic
VLANs assign devices to VLANs using the 3A4 addresses of the devices,
and these VLAN to 3A4 address matches need to be stored on a server.
Static VLANs are more common.
A +C atta%hed to a swit%h sends out a !road%ast A5+ request. Whi%h devi%es
will re%eive the A5+ request?
,evices on the same VLAN as the 04.
Whi%h devi%es allow inter2"#AN %ommuni%ation?
*outers or layer " switches.
What is a "#AN trunk?
A link that carries traffic for more than one VLAN. -t is a point to point link
between two switches or between a switch and a router.
What is rame tagging?
-t is a method of adding information to a frame to show which VLAN the frame
belongs to. -t is used only on VLAN trunk links.
Whi%h proto%ol is now most %ommonly used or rame tagging) and whi%h
other proto%ol may still !e in use?
-''' 5($.&6 is now the common protocol. -nter Switch Link -SL# is a 4isco
proprietary protocol that is no longer supported by newer 4isco switches, but
may still be in use.
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What is the purpose o the Ether6ype ield in a rame) whi%h is set to the
hexade%imal value o (x0,((?
-t signals to the device receiving the frame that this is a tagged -''' 5($.&6
frame containing VLAN information. -f the frame were untagged then the
device would find the length7type field in this position.
What does a swit%h port on a trunk link do i it re%eives a rame without a tag?
+orwards it on to the native VLAN. .y default this is VLAN &, but usually a
different native VLAN is configured on a trunk link.
Why %an native "#ANs and "#AN trunks give pro!lems when Cis%o devi%es
and non2Cis%o devi%es are mixed on a network?
4isco devices do not tag frames from the native VLAN when forwarding them
on a trunk link, but some non84isco devices do tag them. .y default, 4isco
switches drop tagged frames destined for the native VLAN, so frames from
non84isco devices may be dropped.
$ow %an you %onigure the astethernet intera%e a(., o swit%h SW, to !e a
trunk port?
S9&config#:int fa0/1
S9&config8if#:switchport mode trunk
$ow %an you %onigure the astethernet intera%e a(.& o swit%h SW, to !e a
port that handles trai% rom one "#AN only?
S9&config#:int fa0/2
S9&config8if#:switchport mode access
What is the purpose o 7ynami% 6runking +roto%ol?
-t allows linked switches to negotiate on whether or not the link between them
is a trunk link.
6wo swit%hes are %onne%ted. * !oth ends o the link are ports in dynami% auto
mode) will the link !e a trunk or not?
No, it will be an access link.
6wo swit%hes are %onne%ted. * !oth ends o the link are ports in dynami%
desira!le mode) will the link !e a trunk or not?
/es, it will be a trunk link.
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What is the %urrently approved method o %reating a "#AN) num!er ') %alled
8inan%e) on swit%h SW,?
S9&config#:vlan 6
S9&config8vlan#:name Finance
S9&config8vlan#:end
Whi%h other mode %ould !e used or %reating a "#AN?
,atabase configuration mode. /ou don;t go into global configuration mode.
Starting from privileged e)ec, you go straight into VLAN database mode. No
longer recommended.#
Whi%h %ommand will let you see a list o all existing "#ANs and the ports that
are asso%iated with ea%h one?
Show vlan brief or show vlan#
What inormation does the %ommand 9show vlan summary: give you?
-t tells you how many VLANs there are on the switch. No VLAN numbers,
names or detail.
Whi%h %ommand would show you whether or not "#AN / is up?
Show int vlan <
What is the ee%t o the %ommands;
SW,3%onig4<int fa0/12
SW,3%onig2i4<no switchport access vlan
SW,3%onig2i4<end
-nterface fa (7&$ will be removed from its e)isting VLAN and returned to the
default VLAN. VLAN & unless this has been changed.#
What is the ee%t o the %ommands;
SW,3%onig4<no vlan 7
SW,3%onig4<exit
VLAN = is deleted. -f any ports are assigned to VLAN = then they will become
inactive. !hey need to be assigned to another VLAN before they can be used
again.
What is the ee%t o the %ommand;
SW,3%onig4<delete flash:vlan.dat
!he VLAN database in flash memory is deleted. 9hen the switch is reloaded,
all configured VLAN information will have disappeared you hope>#.
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=ou %onigure intera%e 8a(., as ollows;
SW,3%onig2i4<switchport mode trunk
Whi%h is the native "#AN) and whi%h "#ANs %an this intera%e handle?
VLAN & is the native VLAN. !he trunk can handle traffic belonging to all
VLANs.
Whi%h additional %ommands would you give to make "#AN -( the native
"#AN and to permit trai% !elonging to "#ANs 3) / and 1 only?
S9&config8if#:switchport trunk native vlan 90
S9&config8if#:switchport trunk allowed vlan add 3,4,5
Whi%h %ommand would show you how intera%e 8a(., has !een %onigured
or trunking?
S9&: show interfaces fa(7& switchport
=ou give the %ommands;
SW,3%onig4<int fa0/1
SW,3%onig2i4<no switchport trunk allowed vlan
SW,3%onig2i4<end
Whi%h "#AN trai% %an now pass over the trunk link?
!raffic for all VLANs. ,efault condition is restored.#
$ow %an you stop intera%e 8a(., rom !eing a trunk link?
S9&config#:int fa0/1
S9&config8if#:switchport mode access
S9&config8if#:end
A trunk link is not working %orre%tly. What should you %he%k?
1ave the ports at both ends of the link been configured with the same native
VLAN?
Are the ports at both ends of the link working as trunk links or is there a
problem with their modes? '.g. one of them configured as an access port or
both of them in dynamic auto mode.#
Are all the required VLANs allowed on the trunk at both ends?
,o all the devices on a VLAN have addresses on the same subnet? 'asy to
get this wrong.#
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