GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!

N"#
Pro$uct Name %on&i$entialit' #e(el
GSM INT!N"#
Pro$uct )er*ion Total ++ pa,e*
)--!-.
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink
Balance) Optimization Manual
/or Internal U*e Onl'
Prepared by GSM 0UMTS Per&ormance
!e*earc1 Department
2an,
3i4ian,
Date .--5-6-.7
Reviewed by Date
Reviewed by Date
Approved by Date
Huawei ec!nolo"ie# $o%& 't(%
"ll ri,1t* re*er(e$
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e 6< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
)e*i#ion )ecor(
Date Revision
version
Change Description Author
.--5-6-.7 -=8 Dra&t complete$ 2an, 3i4ian,
.--5-.-.7 6=- !e(i*e$ part o& t1e content an$ a$$e$ one
ca*e
2an, 3i4ian,
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e .< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization ManualKe+wor(#,
uplink-$ownlink >alance< uplink-$ownlink le(el< uplink le(el< $ownlink le(el< uplink-
$ownlink im>alance
-.#tract, T1i* $ocument $e*cri>e* t1e t1eor'< e(aluation< an$ t'pical ca*e* o& t1e uplink-
$ownlink >alance=
Ke+ wor(#,
)e/erence,
'i#t o/ a..re*iation#,
Abbreviation Full Spelling
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e +< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
Contents
1 Precondition and Assumption........................................................9
Principles o! "plin#$Downlin# %alance..........................................11
.=6 /un$amental* o& t1e Uplink-Downlink Balance==============================================================================================66
.=. (aluatin, t1e Uplink-Downlink Balance=======================================================================================================6.
.=.=6 T1eoretical %alculation o& Uplink-Downlink Balance on :uawei De(ice*===========================================6+
.=.=. (aluatin, t1e Uplink-Downlink Balance ;it1 t1e Uplink-$ownlink Balance Mea*urement==============67
.=.=+ (aluatin, t1e Uplink-Downlink Balance ;it1 t1e "(era,e Uplink-Downlink #e(el Di&&erence=======6?
.=.=7 (aluatin, t1e Uplink-Downlink Balance ;it1 t1e Uplink-Downlink #e(el Di*tri>ution===================69
.=.=? (aluatin, t1e Uplink-Downlink Balance ;it1 t1e Uplink-Downlink %umulati(e Di*tri>ution==========6@
.=+ &&ect* o& t1e Uplink-Downlink Im>alance=====================================================================================================65
& Factors A'ecting the "plin#$Downlin# %alance..............................19
+=6 In*tallation o& t1e /ee$er an$ "ntenna============================================================================================================68
+=. TM" In*tallation==============================================================================================================================================68
+=+ Incorrect Parameter Settin,*============================================================================================================================.-
+=7 :ar$ware /ault================================================================================================================================================.-
+=? !epeater===========================================================================================================================================================.6
+=9 "ntenna Matc1in, Pro>lem=============================================================================================================================.6
+=@ Be1a(ior o& Mo>ile P1one U*er*=====================================================================================================================..
( Analysis Procedure !or the "plin#$Downlin# %alance.....................&
7=6 ">i* Si,nalin, "nal'*i*===================================================================================================================================.+
7=. "nal'*i* Proce$ure==========================================================================================================================================.9
7=+ De*cription o& t1e "nal'*i* Proce$ure=============================================================================================================.5
) "plin#$Downlin# %alance *ptimi+ation Cases................................&,
?=6 %a*e 6A ">normal DDPU Gain========================================================================================================================+-
?=. %a*e .A DT!U So&tware Pro>lem====================================================================================================================+6
?=+ %a*e +A Inappropriate Parameter Settin,*========================================================================================================+.
- .n!ormation Re/uired !or "plin#$Downlin# %alance Problem
Feedbac#....................................................................................... &&
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e 7< Total ++
Figures
0i"ure 1-2 Uplink-$ownlink >alance le(el===========================================================================================================6?
0i"ure 1-1 Di*tri>ution o& $i&&erence* >etween t1e uplink le(el* an$ $ownlink le(el*========================================69
0i"ure 1-3 Di*tri>ution o& t1e uplink le(el* an$ $ownlink le(el*=========================================================================6@
0i"ure 1-4 %umulati(e $i*tri>ution o& t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el=========================================================65
0ables
a.le 1-2 Mappin, >etween t1e uplink-$ownlink >alance le(el an$ t1e recei(e le(el (BS%9---)=====================6+
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink
Balance) Optimization Manual
1 Precondition and Assumption
T1e uplink le(el (!4B#e(BUP) an$ $ownlink le(el (!4B#e(BUP) in t1i* $ocument re&er to
t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el a&ter t1e power $ecrea*e in t1e power control i*
compen*ate$= T1at i*A
)56'e*6UP 7 )5'e*UP 8 Power Decrea#e in Power $ontrol (MS)
)56'e*6D' 7 )5'e*D' 8 Power Decrea#e in Power $ontrol (BS)
Note: Onl' t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el in t1e M! on t1e ">i* inter&ace an$ t1e power
control in&ormation are con*i$ere$ in the calculation of the uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el in
t1e prece$in, &ormula= T1e *tatic power le(el o& t1e BTS $oe* not a&&ect t1e (alue* o& t1e
uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el on t1e ">i* inter&ace< an$ t1u* $oe* not a&&ect t1e uplink-
$ownlink >alance mea*urement= T1e *tatic power le(el o& t1e T!C i* counte$ in t1e
calculation o& t1e ca>inet-top power= /or e4ampleA
T1e M! o& t1e ">i* *i,nalin, con*i*t* o& t1e*e me**a,e*A !4#e(-&ul-UP< !4#e(-*u>-UP<
!4#e(-&ul-D#< !4#e(-*u>-D#< DTC-UP< DTC-D#< BS-Power-le(el< an$ MS-Power-le(el=
I& t1e uplink DTC i* ena>le$ in t1e cell< u*e t1e (alue o& !4#e(-*u>-UP in t1e calculation o&
t1e uplink le(elD ot1erwi*e u*e t1e (alue o& !4#e(-&ul-UP= I& t1e $ownlink DTC i* ena>le$ in
t1e cell< u*e t1e (alue o& !4#e(-*u>-D# in t1e calculation o& t1e $ownlink le(elD ot1erwi*e
u*e t1e (alue o& !4#e(-&ul-D#=
In a GSM8-- network< t1e MS-Power-le(el ? in$icate* a tran*mit power o& ++ $Bm (t1e
ma4imum tran*mit power o& t1e MS)= T1e MS tran*mit power $ecrea*e* >' . $B e(er' time
t1e MS power le(el increa*e* >' one &rom le(el ?=
In a GSM65-- network< t1e MS-Power-le(el - in$icate* a tran*mit power o& +- $Bm (t1e
ma4imum tran*mit power o& t1e MS)= T1e MS tran*mit power $ecrea*e* >' . $B e(er' time
t1e MS power le(el increa*e* >' one &rom le(el -=
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
/or t1e tran*mit power o& a BTS< t1e BS-Power-le(el - in$icate* t1e ma4imum tran*mit
power (t1e *tatic power *et &or t1e T!C)= T1e BTS tran*mit power $ecrea*e* >' . $B e(er'
time t1e power le(el increa*e* >' one &rom le(el -= /or e4ample< i& t1e ma4imum power o&
t1e T!C power ampli&ier i* 7@=5 $Bm (9- ;)< *et t1e *tatic power le(el to 79 $Bm (7- ;) i&
t1e T!C power ampli&ier i* in*talle$ in t1e cell= "&ter a call i* connecte$< t1e BTS *en$* a
$ownlink power control me**a,e< in w1ic1 t1e (alue o& BS-Power-le(el i* .< in$icatin, t1at
t1e tran*mit power o& t1e BTS i* 7. $Bm (79 $Bm E . 4 . $B F 7. $Bm)=
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e 6-< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
Principles o! "plin#$Downlin#
%alance
In GSM< a two-wa' communication *'*tem< >ot1 t1e uplink an$ $ownlink 1a(e a tran*mit
power an$ pat1 lo**= Balance* >etween t1e uplink an$ $ownlink in eac1 cell are reGuire$ to
ac1ie(e optimal *'*tem per&ormance an$ to pro(i$e ,oo$ (oice Gualit' $urin, t1e 1an$o(er
an$ call connection=
#ink* u*e$ &or tran*mi**ion* &rom t1e BTS to t1e MS are re&erre$ to a* $ownlink*=
#ink* u*e$ &or tran*mi**ion* &rom t1e MS to t1e BTS are re&erre$ to a* uplink*=
T1e uplink-$ownlink >alance mean* t1at t1e uplink *i,nal an$ $ownlink *i,nal co(er t1e cell
e$,e *imultaneou*l'=
T1e uplink-$ownlink im>alance mean* t1at t1e uplink *i,nal an$ $ownlink *i,nal cannot
co(er t1e cell e$,e *imultaneou*l'= "* a re*ult< t1e uplink re*triction or $ownlink re*triction
occur*=
.1 Fundamentals o! the "plin#$Downlin#
%alance
;1en t1e uplink an$ $ownlink are in >alance< t1e ma4imum uplink pat1 lo**
(Ma4BPat1B#o**BU#) *1oul$ >e t1e *ame a* t1e ma4imum $ownlink pat1 lo**
(Ma4BPat1B#o**BD#)=
Ma4imum $ownlink pat1 lo** F %a>inet-top power E BTS &ee$er lo** H BTS antenna ,ain H
MS antenna ,ain E MS &ee$er lo** E MS recei(er *en*iti(it' E :uman >o$' lo** E !emainin,
power
Ma4imum uplink pat1 lo** F MS power E MS &ee$er lo** H MS antenna ,ain E :uman >o$'
lo** H BTS antenna ,ain H Di(er*it' ,ain H TM" ,ain E BTS &ee$er lo** E BTS recei(er
*en*iti(it' E !emainin, power
T1e &ormula &or calculatin, t1e ca>inet-top power i*A %a>inet-top power F T!C tran*mit
power E %om>iner lo** E 3umper lo**= T1e remainin, power (u*uall' 6- $B) i* t1e power
reGuire$ to en*ure t1e (oice Gualit' an$ t1e connection rate takin, into account t1e
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e 66< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
inter&erence an$ lo**= T1e $i(er*it' ,ain con*i*t* o& t1e antenna $i(er*it' ,ain an$ t1e
&reGuenc' 1oppin, $i(er*it' ,ain=
Due to t1e reciprocit' o& t1e antenna< t1e antenna 1a* t1e *ame e&&ect on t1e $ownlink an$ t1e
uplink= In a$$ition< &reGuenc' $i&&erence >etween t1e uplink an$ $ownlink in a GSM network
i* *mallD t1ere&ore< t1e ra$io tran*mi**ion &eature* are *imilar= T1u*< t1e 1uman >o$' lo**
*1oul$ appro4imate to t1e remainin, power=
;1en t1e tower mounte$ ampli&ier (TM") i* not u*e$ an$ t1e uplink an$ $ownlink are in
>alanceA
$a.inet-top power 9 MS recei*er #en#iti*it+ 7 MS power 8 Di*er#it+ "ain 9 BS recei*er
#en#iti*it+
%1an,e t1e prece$in, &ormula in t1i* wa'A
$a.inet-top power 9 MS power 7 MS recei*er #en#iti*it+ 8 Di*er#it+ "ain 9 BS recei*er
#en#iti*it+
;1en t1e TM" i* u*e$ an$ t1e uplink an$ $ownlink are in >alanceA
$a.inet-top power 9 MS recei*er #en#iti*it+ 7 MS power 8 Di*er#it+ "ain 8 M- "ain 9
BS recei*er #en#iti*it+
%1an,e t1e prece$in, &ormula in t1i* wa'A
$a.inet-top power 9 MS power 7 MS recei*er #en#iti*it+ 8 Di*er#it+ "ain 8 M- "ain 9
BS recei*er #en#iti*it+
. 1valuating the "plin#$Downlin# %alance
:ow can 'ou e(aluate w1et1er t1e uplink an$ $ownlink are in >alanceI
One met1o$ i* to u*e t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el in t1e M!= T1e $etaile$ e(aluation
proce$ure i* $e*cri>e$ a* &ollow*A
Downlink recei(e le(el F %a>inet-top power E BTS &ee$er lo** H BTS antenna ,ain E
$ownlink pat1 lo** H MS antenna ,ain E MS &ee$er lo** E :uman >o$' lo**
Uplink recei(e le(el F MS power E MS &ee$er lo** H MS antenna ,ain E Uplink pat1 lo** E
:uman >o$' lo** H BTS antenna ,ain E BTS &ee$er lo**
Downlink pat1 lo** F Uplink pat1 lo**< 1ence< Downlink recei(e le(el E Uplink recei(e le(el
F %a>inet-top power E MS power /ormula 6
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e 6.< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
Ba*e$ on t1e $i&&erence calculate$ in /ormula 6< 'ou can e(aluate t1e >alance >etween t1e
uplink an$ $ownlink= T1e ra$io *i,nal i* &luctuatin,= :ence< *tati*tical anal'*i* on t1e ra$io
*i,nal *1oul$ >e >a*e$ on a lar,e amount o& $ata= " &luctuation o& + $B can >e con*i$ere$ in
t1e calculation= T1e anal'*i* re*ult o& a$eGuate te*t $ata recor$* can >e u*e$ to e(aluate t1e
>alance >etween t1e uplink an$ $ownlink=
..1 0heoretical Calculation o! "plin#$Downlin#
%alance on 2uawei Devices
To anal'ze t1e uplink-$ownlink >alance on :uawei $e(ice*< a**ume t1atA
!e M- i# not con#i(ere(:
!e #en#iti*it+ o/ t!e GSM;<< MS i# -2<4 (Bm:
Huawei BS recei*er #en#iti*it+ i# -223 (Bm:
!e antenna (i*er#it+ "ain i# 1%= (B%
!e tran#mit power o/ Huawei BS )> i# ?< @ (4A%AB (Bm):
!e com.iner lo## i# 4%= (B%
MS recei*er #en#iti*it+ 8 Di*er#it+ "ain 9 BS recei*er #en#iti*it+
7 -2<4 8 1%= 9 (-223)
7 22%= (B
%on*i$erin, t1e comple4 ra$io tran*mi**ion pat1< a &luctuation o& + $B i* pro(i$e$= It i*
conclu$e$ t1atA
!e a*era"e (i//erence .etween t!e uplink le*el an( (ownlink le*el ran"e# /rom B%= (B
to 24%= (B%
!e *alue# B%= (B an( 24%= (B corre#pon( to t!e uplink-(ownlink .alance le*el B an(
le*el ; re#pecti*el+%
0i"ure 2%2 Mappin, >etween t1e uplink-$ownlink >alance le(el an$ t1e recei(e le(el (BS%9---)
"plin#$Downlin# %alance
3evel
Downlin# Receive 3evel 4 "plin#
Receive 3evel $-
6 J-6? $B
. -67 $B<-6+ $B<-6. $B<-66 $B<-6- $B
+ -8 $B<-5 $B<-@ $B<-9 $B
7 -? $B<-7 $B<-+ $B
? -. $B<-6 $B
9 - $B
@ 6 $B< . $B
5 + $B< 7 $B< ? $B
8 9 $B< @ $B< 5 $B< 8 $B
6- 6- $B< 66 $B< 6. $B< 6+ $B< 67 $B
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e 6+< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
66 K6? $B
On :uawei BTS*< peak le(el* 5L8L6- in t1e uplink-$ownlink >alance M! in$icate t1at t1e
uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el compl' wit1 t1e eGuipment per&ormance *peci&ication an$ t1e
uplink an$ $ownlink are in >alance=
Take into account t1e ca>inet-top power an$ MS tran*mit powerA
$a.inet-top power 9 MS tran#mit power 7 )> tran#mit power 9 $om.iner lo## 9 MS
power
7 4A%AB - 4%=-33
7 2<%1B (B
C MS recei*er #en#iti*it+ 8 Di*er#it+ "ain 9 BS recei*er #en#iti*it+
T1e $e*i,n power o& :uawei BTS T!C* can maintain t1e uplink-$ownlink >alance< an$ t1u*
1elp* 'ou maintain *ecure network operation=
.. 1valuating the "plin#$Downlin# %alance 5ith
the "plin#$downlin# %alance 6easurement
"nal'ze t1e uplink-$ownlink >alance accor$in, to t1e Uplink-an$-Downlink Balance
Mea*urement per T!C in t1e M! Mea*urement= T1e uplink an$ $ownlink are not in >alance
i& eit1er o& t1e two &ormula* i* trueA
!ate o& Num>er o& M!* (Uplink-an$-Downlink Balance #e(el F 6) H !ate o& Num>er o&
M!* (Uplink-an$-Downlink Balance #e(el F .) M 6?N= It in$icate* t1at t1e uplink i* weaker
or t1e $ownlink i* *tron,er=
!ate o& Num>er o& M!* (Uplink-an$-Downlink Balance #e(el F 66) M +-N= It in$icate* t1at
t1e $ownlink i* *tron,er or t1e uplink i* weaker=
%ell* wit1 *eriou* uplink -$ownlink im>alance pro>lem can >e ea*il' *orte$ >' u*in, t1e two
&ormula*= /or t1e cell* in w1ic1 t1e uplink an$ $ownlink are *li,1tl' im>alance$< tracin, o&
t1e ">i* *i,nalin, i* reGuire$= 2ou can anal'ze t1e >alance >etween t1e uplink an$ $ownlink
>a*e$ on t1e M! in t1e *i,nalin, tracin, &ile*=
T1e &ollowin, e4ample e4plain* 1ow to e(aluate t1e >alance >etween t1e uplink an$
$ownlink >a*e$ on t1e Uplink-an$-Downlink Balance Mea*urement per T!C=
/i,ure 6 *1ow* t1e $i*tri>ution o& t1e uplink an$ $ownlink >alance le(el* in .7 1our* o& a $a'
>a*e$ on t1e Uplink-an$-Downlink Balance Mea*urement per T!C= T1e ca>inet-top power in
t1e cell i* 7+=7 $Bm=
na>le t1e ">i* *i,nalin, tracin, &unction to c1eck w1et1er t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink
le(el in t1e cell compl' wit1 t1e BTS per&ormance *peci&ication an$ w1et1er t1e uplink an$
$ownlink are in >alance= T1e calculation >a*e$ on t1e M!* in t1e *i,nalin, *1ow* t1at t1e
a(era,e $i&&erence >etween t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el i* 67 $Bm< an$ %a>inet-top
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e 67< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
power E MS power F 6-=7 $BD t1at i*< Di&&erence >etween t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el
E (%a>inet-top power E MS power) F +=9 $B= T1e re*ult +=9 $B i* wit1in t1e normal ran,e=
:ence< t1e &ormula !ate o& Num>er o& M!* (Uplink-an$-Downlink Balance #e(el F 66) M
+-N can >e u*e$ to Ou$,e w1et1er t1e uplink an$ $ownlink are in >alance=
0i"ure 2%2 Uplink-$ownlink >alance le(el
..& 1valuating the "plin#$Downlin# %alance 5ith
the Average "plin#$Downlin# 3evel Di'erence
To &acilitate t1e $e*cription< *elect *e(eral cell* un$er BS%Bte*t &or $ata anal'*i*= T1e a(era,e
ca>inet-top power in t1e cell i* 7-=9+ $Bm= Di*a>le t1e power control &unction &or all cell*=
T1en< trace t1e !S# *i,nalin, on t1e ">i* inter&ace o& t1e *electe$ cell* un$er BS%Bte*t=
"nal'ze t1e M!* o>taine$ &rom t1e ">i* *i,nalin, tracin, re*ult*< calculate t1e a(era,e
$i&&erence >etween t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el= T1e a(era,e (alue *1oul$
appro4imate to t1e $i&&erence >etween t1e ca>inet-top power an$ MS power= " $e(iation o&
P+ $B i* allowe$=
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e 6?< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
0i"ure 2%2 Di*tri>ution o& $i&&erence* >etween t1e uplink le(el* an$ $ownlink le(el*
"ccor$in, to t1e calculation o& t1e M! $ata< t1e a(era,e $i&&erence >etween t1e uplink le(el
an$ $ownlink le(el i* 7=@. $B= /i,ure . *1ow* t1at t1e peak $i&&erence i* 7 $B= %a>inet-top
power E MS power
F 7-=9+ - ++
F @=95 $B
In BS%Bte*t< Di&&erence >etween t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el E (ca>inet-top power -
MS power) F + $B= T1e (alue + $B i* wit1in t1e normal ran,e= T1ere&ore< t1e uplink an$
$ownlink in t1e BS% area are in >alance=
..( 1valuating the "plin#$Downlin# %alance 5ith
the "plin#$Downlin# 3evel Distribution
"nal'ze all M!* in t1e tracin, re*ult o& t1e ">i* *i,nalin, un$er BS%Bte*t< an$ t1en anal'ze
t1e $i*tri>ution o& t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el= T1e anal'*i* re*ult i* *1own in /i,ure
+=
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e 69< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
0i"ure 2%2 Di*tri>ution o& t1e uplink le(el* an$ $ownlink le(el*
/i,ure + *1ow* t1e peak (alue o& uplink le(el an$ t1at o& $ownlink le(el=
Peak (alue o& uplink recei(e le(el F 56 $Bm
Peak (alue o& $ownlink recei(e le(el F @+ $Bm
T1e $i&&erence >etween t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el i* 5 $B=
%a>inet-top power E MS power F 7-=9+ E ++ F @=9+ $B
In t1e $i*tri>ution o& t1e $ownlink le(el an$ uplink le(el< t1e $i&&erence >etween t1e peak
uplink le(el an$ t1e peak $ownlink le(el *1oul$ appro4imate to t1e $i&&erence >etween t1e
ca>inet-top power an$ MS power=
I& Di&&erence >etween t1e peak uplink le(el an$ peak $ownlink le(el E (%a>inet-top power E
MS power) M + $B< t1e uplink an$ $ownlink are con*i$ere$ to >e im>alance$=
..) 1valuating the "plin#$Downlin# %alance 5ith
the "plin#$Downlin# Cumulative Distribution
"nal'ze t1e $i*tri>ution o& t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el wit1 t1e cumulati(e
$i*tri>ution &unction in t1e a*cen$in, or$er o& t1e le(el proportion=
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e 6@< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
0i"ure 2%2 %umulati(e $i*tri>ution o& t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el
T1e (alue corre*pon$in, to t1e re$ line in &i,ure 44 *1oul$ appro4imate to t1e $i&&erence
>etween t1e ca>inet-top power an$ MS power= T1e >alance >etween t1e uplink an$ $ownlink
can ea*il' >e $etermine$ wit1 t1e cumulati(e $i*tri>ution=
I& t1e (alue corre*pon$in, to t1e re$ line in /i,ure 7 minu* t1e $i&&erence >etween t1e
ca>inet-top power an$ MS power i* ,reater t1an + $B< t1e uplink an$ $ownlink are con*i$ere$
to >e im>alance$=
.& 1'ects o! the "plin#$Downlin# .mbalance
Uplink re*trictionA
T1e uplink re*triction occur* w1en t1e cell e$,e i* co(ere$ >' t1e uplink *i,nal >ut not t1e
$ownlink *i,nal=
T1at i*< t1e uplink co(era,e i* wi$er t1an t1e $ownlink co(era,e= In *uc1 a ca*e< t1e MS
in*i$e t1e uplink co(era,e area >ut out*i$e t1e $ownlink co(era,e area will &ail to ori,inate a
call= (en i& t1e call i* *ucce**&ull' connecte$< t1e uplink (oice i* $i*continuou* (or t1e calle$
part' can >e 1ear$ >ut t1e callin, part' cannot >e 1ear$)< an$ t1u* cau*in, man' call $rop*=
Uplink re*triction lea$* to u*er complaint* an$ poor u*er e4perience= T1u*< in t1e network
$e*i,n< t1e tran*mit power o& t1e BTS i* $ecrea*e$ to pre(ent &rom t1e uplink re*triction=
Downlink re*trictionA
T1e $ownlink re*triction occur* w1en t1e cell e$,e i* co(ere$ >' t1e $ownlink *i,nal >ut not
t1e uplink *i,nal= T1at i*< t1e uplink co(era,e i* wi$er t1an t1e $ownlink co(era,e= In *uc1 a
ca*e< t1e co(era,e o& t1e BTS i* relati(el' *mall= I& t1e BTS pro(i$e* *eamle** co(era,e an$
t1ere i* no >lin$ co(era,e area< MS u*er* u*uall' are not aware o& t1e $ownlink re*triction<
an$ t1u* $o not complain a>out t1e *er(ice Gualit'=
:ence< w1en t1e $ownlink i* re*tricte$< part o& t1e $ownlink power i* wa*te$ >ecau*e t1e
BTS can tran*mit at a 1i,1er power= T1e network wit1 $ownlink re*triction i* relati(el'
*ecure=
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e 65< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
& Factors A'ecting the "plin#$
Downlin# %alance
Ba*e$ on t1e anal'*i* o& complaint* &or (ariou* network* an$ te*t e4perience* on *ite an$ in
t1e la>< t1e &ollowin, &actor* are $etermine$ to >e t1e maOor &actor* a&&ectin, t1e uplink-
$ownlink >alanceA
"ntenna an$ &ee$er in*tallation
TM" in*tallation
Incorrect parameter *ettin,*
:ar$ware &ault
!epeater
"ntenna matc1in, pro>lem
MS u*er >e1a(ior
&.1 .nstallation o! the Feeder and Antenna
T1e Oumper< li,1tnin, ro$< a$apter< ,roun$in, *ol$er Ooint< antenna< an$ occa*ionall'< power
$i(i$er are applie$ >etween t1e ca>inet top an$ t1e antenna= T1e in*tallation o& t1e*e $e(ice*
a&&ect* t1e recei(in, an$ tran*mittin, capa>ilit' o& a BTS=
/or e4ample< t1e loo*e connection >etween t1e Oumper an$ it* connector 1a* $i&&erent e&&ect*
on t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el= T'picall'< t1e $ownlink *i,nal i* *tron,= T1e *i,nal
*tren,t1 on t1e &ee$er i* a>out +- $Bm= T1e uplink *i,nal< 1owe(er< i* muc1 weaker
(,enerall' -5- $Bm)= T1ere&ore< loo*e connection re*ult* in *mall uplink le(el >ut 1a* no
*i,ni&icant impact on t1e uplink le(el=
&. 06A .nstallation
T1e TM" i* a t'pe o& acti(e $e(ice* u*e$ to ampli&' t1e uplink *i,nal onl'= Ne(ert1ele**< t1e
TM" can ampli&' >ot1 t1e uplink an$ $ownlink *i,nal*=
I& a TM" i* in*talle$< t1e Power -ttenuation 0actor parameter i* con&i,ure$ &or t1e !/ &ront
en$ mo$ule on t1e BS%9---= Generall'< Power -ttenuation 0actor i* *et to a (alue eGual to
t1e actual TM" ,ain *u>tracte$ >' 7 $B=
T1e (alue 7 $B i* an e*timate &or compen*atin, &or t1e &ee$er lo**=
:ence< i& an uplink TM" i* in*talle$< in t1e calculation o& t1e uplink-an$-$ownlink >alance
M!< t1e $i&&erence >etween t1e $ownlink le(el an$ uplink le(el i* $ecrea*e$ >' 7 $B= T1e
uplink le(el increa*e* >' 7 $B=
I& a two-wa' TM" i* in*talle$< t1e ampli&ication o& t1e $ownlink *i,nal *1oul$ al*o >e taken
into account= I& ,ain* in two wa'* are t1e *ame an$ t1e Power -ttenuation 0actor i*
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e 68< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
con&i,ure$< t1e $i&&erence >etween t1e $ownlink le(el an$ uplink le(el increa*e* >' a (alue
eGual to t1e actual TM" ,ain *u>tracte$ 7 $B=
In *ummar'< w1en a TM" i* in*talle$ in t1e BTS *'*tem< t1e uplink-an$-$ownlink >alance
mea*urement per T!C eit1er $ecrea*e* or increa*e*=
&.& .ncorrect Parameter Settings
T1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el parameter* in(ol(e$ are< t1e TM" Power -ttenuation
0actor an$ MS6>P@)6M->6$$H=
TM" Power "ttenuation /actor
T1e in*tallation o& a TM" re*ult* in an uplink ,ain< t1ere&ore< t1e TM" Power -ttenuation
0actor *1oul$ >e con&i,ure$= I& t1e TM" i* not in*talle$ >ut t1e TM" Power -ttenuation
0actor i* con&i,ure$< t1en t1e uplink le(el i* $ecrea*e$= T1e $i&&erence >etween t1e $ownlink
le(el an$ uplink le(el i* increa*e$= In *uc1 a ca*e< t1e ,ain in t1e uplink o& t1e BTS i*
$ecrea*e$= T1e $ecrea*e can &urt1er a&&ect t1e uplink recei(e capa>ilit' o& t1e BTS=
MS6>P@)6M->6$$H,
MS tran*mit power le(el* are interprete$ $i&&erentl' in GSM8-- an$ GSM65--= In GSM8--<
MS power le(el ? repre*ent* t1e &ull power ++ $Bm= In GSM65--< 1owe(er< MS power le(el
? repre*ent* .- $Bm an$ t1e &ull power +- $Bm i* repre*ente$ >' -=
Be cautiou* w1en 'ou con&i,ure t1e TM" Power -ttenuation 0actor= T1e &actor cannot >e
too 1i,1= I& t1e &actor i* *et to an e4ce**i(el' 1i,1 (alue< t1e uplink ,ain will >e in*u&&icient<
w1ic1 can &urt1er lea$ to uplink recei(in, pro>lem*= T1e TM" Power -ttenuation 0actor i*
u*uall' *et to a (alue eGual to t1e TM" ,ain *u>tracte$ >' 7 $B=
&.( 2ardware Fault
/ault* o& eit1er t1e tran*cei(er recei(in, mo$ule or tran*cei(er tran*mittin, mo$ule ma'
re*ult in uplink error< $ownlink error< an$ uplink-$ownlink im>alance*=
/ault* in t1e recei(in, mo$ule an$ tran*mittin, mo$ule o& t1e !/ &ront en$ ma' al*o a&&ect
t1e recei(in, capa>ilit' o& t1e uplink an$ $ownlink= One pro>lem ma' >e t1e uplink-$ownlink
im>alance*=
T1e uplink an$ $ownlink M!* are pro(i$e$ >a*e$ on t1e T!C= T1ere&ore< t1e uplink-
$ownlink >alance mea*urement per T!C can >e u*e$ to anal'ze w1et1er t1e uplink an$
$ownlink are in >alance=
/ault* mainl' e4i*t in t1e DDPU an$ t1e DT!U= T!C &ault* are u*uall' cau*e$ >' a &ault'
1ar$ware (er*ion or t1e 1ar$ware &ault o& a certain lot= T1e pro>lem* occurrin, are u*uall'
*o&tware pro>lem*< w1ic1 con*i*t o& t1e &ollowin,A
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e .-< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
DDPU (!/ &ront en$ mo$ule)A
Uplink ,ain i* ,reater t1an t1e $e*i,ne$ ,ain=
Uplink ,ain i* *maller t1an t1e $e*i,ne$ ,ain=
Inappropriate $ownlink tran*mit power i* applie$=
DT!U (T!C mo$ule)A
Inappropriate $ownlink tran*mit power i* applie$=
Uplink ,ain i* ,reater t1an t1e $e*i,ne$ ,ain=
Uplink ,ain i* *maller t1an t1e $e*i,ne$ ,ain=
" *pecialize$ anal'zer i* reGuire$ to te*t t1e a>normal uplink ,ain= T1ere&ore< a&ter
i$enti&'in, t1e uplink ,ain pro>lem< *en$ t1e relate$ 1ar$ware to :uawei &or &urt1er anal'*i*
wit1 t1e *pecialize$ anal'*i*=
&.) Repeater
" (ariet' o& met1o$* can >e u*e$ to implement t1e &unction o& a repeater= T1e application o& a
repeater will 1elp o>tain a certain amount o& ,ain in >ot1 t1e uplink an$ $ownlink= Generall'<
t1e uplink ,ain an$ $ownlink ,ain can >e a$Ou*te$= T1e a$Ou*tment &urt1er a&&ect* t1e >alance
>etween t1e uplink an$ $ownlink= Suppo*e a repeater i* in*talle$ un$er a BTS< t1e uplink ,ain
o& t1e repeater i* 9 $B< an$ t1e $ownlink ,ain o& t1e repeater i* 6- $B= In *uc1 a ca*e< t1e
$i&&erence >etween t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el i* 7 $B ,reater t1an t1e t1eoretical
(alue= T1at i*< t1e uplink i* 7 $B weaker t1an t1e $ownlink= Suc1 $e(iation $oe* not a&&ect t1e
KPID t1ere&ore< t1e a$Ou*tment i* not reGuire$=
">normal repeater ,ain in t1e uplink an$ $ownlink can al*o a&&ect t1e >alance >etween t1e
uplink an$ $ownlink=
I& uplink-$ownlink im>alance i* cau*e$ >' t1e repeater< *ol(e t1e pro>lem >' a$Ou*tin, t1e
repeater ,ain in t1e uplink an$ $ownlink= "lon, wit1 t1e repeater ,ain a$Ou*tment< t1e BTS
tran*mit power a$Ou*tment can al*o 1elp recti&' t1e uplink-$ownlink im>alance=
&.- Antenna 6atching Problem
/or t1e antenna wit1 $i&&erent antenna pattern* &or t1e uplink an$ $ownlink< t1e ,ain in t1e
uplink i* $i&&erent &rom t1at in t1e $ownlink= ;1en *uc1 antenna i* in*talle$< t1e uplink ,ain
i* $i&&erent &rom t1e $ownlink ,ain= In *uc1 a ca*e< t1e uplink-$ownlink im>alance can >e
(iewe$ &rom t1e tra&&ic *tati*tic*=
T1e te*t e4perience* an$ *tu$' on t1e antenna per&ormance *1ow t1at t1e $e(iation cau*e$ >'
t1e antenna matc1in, i* wit1in + $B= T1e $e(iation + $B i* wit1in t1e allowe$ &luctuation< an$
1a* no *i,ni&icant impact on t1e uplink-$ownlink >alance mea*urement=
2ou can *ol(e t1e uplink-$ownlink im>alance pro>lem cau*e$ >' t1e antenna matc1in, >'
a$Ou*tin, t1e antenna $irection or tilt an$ c1an,in, t1e antenna pattern &or t1e uplink an$
$ownlink= 2ou can al*o recti&' t1e uplink-$ownlink im>alance >' replacin, t1e antenna=
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e .6< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
&.7 %ehavior o! 6obile Phone "sers
Some mo>ile p1one u*er* inten$ to an*wer call* wit1out mo(in, t1e MS on t1e $e*k an$
an*wer call* t1rou,1 earp1one*= ;1en a mo>ile p1one i* not mo(in,< t1e propa,ation
c1aracteri*tic* o& t1e uplink are $i&&erent &rom t1o*e o& t1e $ownlink= "* a re*ult< t1e
$i*tri>ution o& t1e uplink le(el will >e $i&&erent &rom t1at o& t1e $ownlink le(el=
T1at i*< t1e uplink le(el i* 1i,1er t1an t1e $own link le(el in certain time= T1e oppo*ite i* true
in ot1er time=
T1e &i4e$ wirele** terminal u*e* t1e air inter&ace re*ource*= Bein, u*e$ to pro(i$e pu>lic
*er(ice*< t1e &i4e$ wirele** terminal can ,enerate a lar,e (olume o& tra&&ic= I& man' &i4e$
wirele** terminal* are in*talle$ in a cell< t1e*e terminal* can re*ult in a ,reat $i&&erence
>etween t1e uplink an$ t1e $ownlink= T1e con*eGuence i* t1at t1e uplink recei(e le(el or t1e
$ownlink recei(e le(el i* weak=
To recti&' t1e uplink-$ownlink im>alance< c1an,e t1e ra$io tran*mi**ion c1aracteri*tic* o& t1e
area w1ere t1e mo>ile p1one locate* >' a$Ou*tin, t1e antenna $irection an$ tilt o& t1e main
BTS=
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e ..< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
( Analysis Procedure !or the
"plin#$Downlin# %alance
(.1 Abis Signaling Analysis
"nal'*i* o& t1e *i,nalin, tracin, re*ult i* an e&&ecti(e wa' &or trou>le*1ootin, GSM network
pro>lem*= Generall'< t1e B"M anal'*i* tool i* u*e$ to anal'ze t1e *i,nalin,< >ut &ew B"M
anal'*i* tool* pro(i$e $etaile$ anal'*i* &or t1e M!* in t1e *i,nalin, tracin, re*ult=
T1e BS%9--- #MT pro(i$e* *i,nalin, tracin, &unction* a**ociate$ wit1 !S#< OM#<
BSSM"P< an$ *o on= T1e *in,le MS tracin, &unction i* t1e one o& t1e mo*t &reGuentl' u*e$
&unction* in t1e network optimization proce**=
2ou can re(iew t1e *i,nalin, tracin, re*ult on t1e #MT=
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e .+< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
I& 'ou *a(e t1e re(iewe$ *i,nalin, tracin, re*ult* a* =t4t &ile*< t1e =t4t &ile* can t1en >e
proce**e$ wit1 4cel=
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e .7< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
T1e &iel$* o& me**a,e* in t1e tracin, re*ult *1oul$ >e i$enti&ie$ w1en proce**in, an M!= To
i$enti&' t1e &iel$ o& a me**a,e< $o a* &ollow*A *elect a Mea*urement !e*ult me**a,e &or
e4ampleD $ou>le-click t1e me**a,eD t1e M#"D5plain $ialo, >o4 i* $i*pla'e$= T1e &iel$
in&ormation a>out all me**a,e* i* *1own in t1i* $ialo, >o4= /or e4ample< t1e !4le(-*u>-up
corre*pon$* to t1e *i4 lea*t *i,ni&icant >it* o& t1e 7.n$ >'te*< an$ t1e corre*pon$in, content i*
+/= 2ou can al*o i$enti&' t1e &iel$* o& ot1er me**a,e* in t1i* wa'= To anal'ze pro>lem*< 'ou
u*uall' nee$ to i$enti&' t1e &iel$* o& t1e*e me**a,e*A
r4le(Bup(*u>)
r4le(B$l(*u>)
r4GualBup(*u>)
r4GualB$l(*u>)
r4le(Bup(&ul)
r4le(B$l(&ul)
r4GualBup(&ul)
r4GualB$l(&ul)
BSBpower
MSBpower
mea*B(ali$
DTCBD#
DTCBU#
T"
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e .?< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
2ou ma' u*e t1e*e &unction* to proce** t1e &iel$*A
:e4.$ec()A %on(ert &rom 1e4a$ecimal to $ecimal=
:e4.>in()A %on(ert &rom 1e4a$ecimal to >inar'=
:e4.$ec()A %on(ert &rom >inar' to $ecimal=
Trunc()A Truncate* a num>er to a *peci&ie$ num>er o& $ecimal place*=
!i,1t()A !eturn* t1e *peci&ie$ num>er o& ri,1tmo*t c1aracter* o& a *trin,=
Mi$()A !eturn* a *peci&ie$ num>er o& c1aracter* &rom a *trin,=
Note t1at i& t1e Mi$() &unction i* applie$ to a num>er wit1 zero at t1e le&t-mo*t place< an error
will occur< >ecau*e t1e zero at t1e ri,1t-mo*t place i* not counte$ a* a c1aracter=
To u*e t1e*e &unction* in 4cel< c1oo*e ool# M -((-In#< an$ t1en *elect -nal+#i# oolPak
an$ -nal+#i# oolPak 9 EB-=
T1i* met1o$ can al*o >e applie$ to t1e anal'*i* o& 1an$o(er me**a,e* an$ imme$iate
a**i,nment me**a,e*=
(. Analysis Procedure
T1e anal'*i* proce$ure i* $e*i,ne$ >a*e$ on t1e &actor* a&&ectin, t1e uplink-$ownlink >alance
an$ t1e on-*ite optimization con$ition*=
Ba*e$ on t1e network optimization con$ition*< *uc1 a* $e(ice* an$ t1e per*onnel< certain
mo$i&ication* are allowe$ to e&&icientl' anal'ze t1e uplink-$ownlink >alance pro>lem=
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e .9< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e .@< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
(.& Description o! the Analysis Procedure
T1e &ollowin, *ection $e*cri>e* t1e proce$ure &or anal'zin, t1e uplink-$ownlink >alance
pro>lem=
"nal'ze t1e Uplink-an$-Downlink Balance Mea*urement per T!C counter in M!
Mea*urement< an$ t1en li*t t1e cell* wit1 t1e uplink-$ownlink im>alance= "ppl' t1e &ollowin,
&ormula to t1e cell* to c1eck &or t1e uplink-$ownlink im>alance=
!ate o& Num>er o& M!* (Uplink-an$-Downlink Balance #e(el F 6) H !ate o& Num>er o&
M!* (Uplink-an$-Downlink Balance #e(el F .) M 6?N=
I& t1i* i* true< it in$icate* t1at t1e uplink i* weaker or $ownlink i* *tron,er=
!ate o& Num>er o& M!* (Uplink-an$-Downlink Balance #e(el F 66) M +-N
I& t1i* i* true< it in$icate* t1at t1e $ownlink i* *tron,er or t1e uplink i* weaker=
2ou can al*o u*e t1e a(era,e $i&&erence >etween t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el to c1eck
&or t1e uplink-$ownlink im>alance o& t1e T!C in a cell=
I& "(era,e $i&&erence >etween t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el E (%a>inet-top power E MS
power) M + $B< t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el $o not compl' wit1 t1e BTS per&ormance
*peci&ication< an$ t1e uplink an$ $ownlink are im>alance$=
Di(i$e t1e cell* wit1 t1e uplink-$ownlink im>alance into two ,roup* >a*e$ on t1e KPIA t1e
,roup wit1 $ecrea*e$ KPI (1i,1 call $rop rate) take* prece$ence o(er t1e ,roup wit1 normal
KPI (normal call $rop rate)= T1e proce**in, &low* &or t1e two ,roup* are t1e *ame=
"nal'ze t1e connection* o& t1e 1ar$ware in t1e cell >' c1eckin, t1e BTS 1ar$ware t'pe<
com>inin, mo$e< TM" t'pe< repeater< antenna *peci&ication< an$ $e(ice* connecte$ to t1e
&ee$er= T1en< c1eck w1et1er TM" Power -ttenuation 0actor an$
MS6>P@)6M->6$$H are *et correctl'= %1eck w1et1er t1e repeater ,ain in t1e uplink
an$ $ownlink i* normal=
I& pro>lem* are &oun$ $urin, t1e anal'*i* proce**< c1eck w1et1er t1e pro>lem* are *ol(e$=
T1e anal'*i* &low i* complete$ i& t1e pro>lem* are *ol(e$=
I& no pro>lem* are &oun$ in t1e prece$in, anal'*i*< ,o to t1e ne4t *tep=
Te*t t1e ca>inet-top powerA %1eck w1et1er a $e(iation e4i*t* >etween t1e actual ca>inet-top
power an$ it* t1eoretical (alue= I& a $e(iation e4i*t*< c1eck w1et1er t1e $e(iation i* t1e cau*e
&or t1e uplink-$ownlink im>alance= /or e4ample< i& t1e ca>inet-top power i* + $B ,reater t1an
it* t1eoretical (alue< an$ t1e a(era,e $i&&erence >etween t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el i*
+ $B ,reater t1an it* t1eoretical (alue< t1e uplink-$ownlink im>alance i* cau*e$ >'
e4ce**i(el' 1i,1 ca>inet-top power= I& t1e ca>inet power i* normal< ,o to t1e ne4t *tep=
Trace t1e !S# *i,nalin, on t1e ">i* inter&ace in t1e cell* wit1 t1e uplink-$ownlink im>alance
>' $oin, t1e &ollowin,A retrie(e t1e M!D anal'ze t1e uplink le(el< $ownlink le(el an$ uplink-
an$-$ownlink >alance $i*tri>ution in t1e M! o& (ariou* u*er*= Si,nalin, o& in$i(i$ual u*er*
can >e e4tracte$ >' u*in, t1e Si,nal "nal'ze Tool= ;it1out t1e Si,nal "nal'ze Tool< 'ou can
*a(e t1e *i,nalin, tracin, re*ult a* a =t4t &ile t1rou,1 t1e )e*iew racin" &unction an$ t1en
anal'ze t1e &ile wit1 4cel= %1eck w1et1er t1e uplink le(el< $ownlink le(el< an$ $i&&erence
>etween t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el are normal= I& t1ere i* a pro>lem wit1 t1e*e
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e .5< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
(alue*< c1eck w1et1er t1e im>alance pro>lem occur* to part o& t1e u*er* or all u*er*= Go to t1e
ne4t *tep i& t1e im>alance pro>lem occur* to all u*er*=
/rom t1e tracin, re*ult o& t1e *i,nalin, on t1e ">i* inter&ace< 'ou can o>tain t1e &ollowin,
in&ormationA t1e M!* o& one u*er (mtl*-cc>)< t1e $i*tance >etween t1e u*er an$ t1e BTS (T")<
t1e mo>ilit' o& t1e u*er (&luctuation o& t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el)< an$ t1e le(el*
w1en t1e uplink-$ownlink im>alance occur*=
Trace t1e *i,nalin, o& t1e $ialin, te*t con$ucte$ at a &i4e$ po*itionA In t1e main lo>e co(era,e
area< $ial a &i4e$-line p1one u*in, t1e te*t MS in &reGuenc' lockin, mo$e in a place ?--m
awa' &rom t1e antenna= T1e antenna *1oul$ >e in *i,1t at t1e te*t po*ition= na>le t1e *in,le
MS tracin, &unction on t1e #MT to trace t1e *i,nalin, o& t1e te*t MS= Mo(e t1e te*t MS
aroun$ a circle ($iameterA +m) wit1 t1e te*t *pot a* t1e center an$ te*t &or a minimum o& 6-
minute*=
"nal'ze t1e M! in t1e *i,nalin, tracin, re*ult >' makin, calculation &or t1e uplink le(el an$
$ownlink le(el in t1e M!= I& t1e $i&&erence >etween t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el
eGual* t1e $i&&erence >etween t1e ca>inet-top power an$ MS power< 'ou can in&er t1at t1e
uplink-$ownlink im>alance i* cau*e$ >' t1e u*er >e1a(ior rat1er t1an t1e BTS eGuipment=
One po**i>le >e1a(ior i* t1at u*er* make call* wit1out mo(in, t1e MS*= T1e BTS eGuipment
i* t1e cau*e &or t1e im>alance i& eit1er o& t1e &ollowin, i* trueA
Di&&erence >etween t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el Q %a>inet-top power E MS power= It
in$icate* t1at t1e uplink ,ain i* ,reater t1an it* t1eoretical (alue=
Di&&erence >etween t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el M %a>inet-top power E MS power= It
in$icate* t1at t1e uplink ,ain i* *maller t1an it* t1eoretical (alue=
%on&irm t1at t1e uplink ,ain i* a>normal< an$ t1en return t1e &ault' DDPU an$ DT!U to
:uawei &or &urt1er anal'*i*=
T1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el in t1e te*t can >e u*e$ to $etermine t1e uplink ,ain an$
$ownlink ,ain= T'picall'< at a *pot ?--m awa' &rom t1e antenna< t1e ca>inet-top power i* 77
$Bm< t1e antenna ,ain i* 6@ $B< t1e uplink le(el i* a>out -@+ $Bm< an$ t1e $ownlink le(el i*
a>out -96 $Bm= T1e *i,nal *tren,t1 at a *pot wit1in ?--m &rom t1e antenna (arie* wit1
re&lection*D t1ere&ore< t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el are &or re&erence onl'= T1e
$i&&erence >etween t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el< 1owe(er< can >e u*e$ to anal'ze
w1et1er t1e uplink an$ $ownlink are in >alance=
I& "(era,e $i&&erence >etween t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el E (%a>inet-top power E MS
power) M + $B< t1e uplink an$ $ownlink are im>alance$=
I& t1e ca>inet-top power i* $etermine$ to >e normal in a cell w1ere t1e uplink an$ $ownlink
are im>alance$< 'ou can in&er t1at t1e uplink ,ain i* a>normal= T1en< ,o to t1e ne4t *tep=
"&ter 'ou in&er t1at t1e uplink ,ain on *ite i* a>normal< replace t1e DDPU wit1 a normal
DDPU to c1eck w1et1er t1e uplink ,ain in t1e DDPU or t1at in t1e DT!U i* a>normal=
I& t1e uplink an$ $ownlink are >alance$ a&ter replacin, t1e DDPU< t1e uplink ,ain a**ociate$
wit1 t1e DDPU in t1e pro>lematic cell i* a>normal=
I& t1e uplink an$ $ownlink are *till im>alance$ a&ter replacin, t1e DDPU< t1e uplink ,ain
a**ociate$ wit1 t1e DT!U in t1e pro>lematic cell i* a>normal=
;1en t1e 1ar$ware pro>lem i* con&irme$< return t1e 1ar$ware to :uawei in time &or &urt1er
anal'*i*=
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e .8< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
) "plin#$Downlin# %alance
*ptimi+ation Cases
).1 Case 18 Abnormal DDP" 9ain
Problem Description
T1e uplink-an$-$ownlink mea*urement re*ult* returne$ >' t1e BTS+-6. an$ BTS+--9% are
$i&&erent=
Analysis and Solution
T1e &ollowin, >ar c1art *1ow* t1e uplink-$ownlink >alance mea*urement $i*tri>ution &rom
5A-- to 67A-- on Dec=< .?t1< .--@ in two cell*< cell " an$ cell B=
Trace t1e *i,nalin, me**a,e* on t1e !S# o(er t1e ">i* inter&ace an$ anal'ze t1e M!*T1e
uplink-$ownlink >alance mea*urement re*ult* o& all u*er* in t1e two cell* $i&&erentiate ,reatl'=
%alculate t1e a(era,e $i&&erence >etween t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el in all M!* o&
t1e *i,nalin, tracin, re*ult* in t1e two cell*= In cell "< t1e $i&&erence i* + $BD in cell B< t1e
$i&&erence i* 66=.7 $B=
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e +-< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
Te*t t1e tran*mit power o& t1e two BTS* on *ite= T1e te*t *1ow* t1at t1e tran*mit power o& t1e
DT!U i* normal= T1e ca>inet-top power complie* wit1 t1e t1eoretical (alue= In cell "< t1e
ca>inet-top power i* 7 $BmD in cell B< t1e ca>inet-top power i* 7+ $Bm=
%alculate t1e $i&&erence >etween t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el wit1 &ormula +A Uplink
recei(e le(el - Downlink recei(e le(el F %a>inet-top power E MS power
%ell "A %a>inet-top power E MS power F 76 E ++ F 5
%ell BA %a>inet-top power E MS power F 7+ E ++ F 6-
O>(iou*l'< t1e uplink ,ain in cell " i* a>normal (7 $B? $B >e'on$ t1e normal ran,e)=
Mea*ure t1e uplink recei(e ,ain o& t1e DDPU wit1 a (ector anal'zer to en*ure t1at t1e uplink
,ain i* at lea*t + $B ,reater t1an t1e $e*i,ne$ (alue=
T1e *o&tware anal'*i* *1ow* t1at an error occur* w1en con&i,urin, t1e #N" ,ain &or t1i*
DDPU (er*ion=
NoteA
In t1e ol$ DDPU (75=6=6)< t1e #N" ,ain i* *et to an a>*olute (alue= No error occur* w1en
con&i,urin, t1e #N" ,ain= )er*ion 75=6=- an$ later (er*ion* o& t1e DDPU all work properl'=
In t1e new DDPU (75=6=-)< t1e #N" ,ain in *o&tware (er*ion* earlier t1an
)6--!--6%-@B..8 ()6--!--6%-@B..8 not inclu$e$) i* *et to an a>*olute (alue= "n error
occur* w1en con&i,urin, t1e #N" ,ain=
In t1e new DDPU (75=6=-)< t1e #N" ,ain in *o&tware (er*ion* later t1an )6--!--6%-@B..8
()6--!--6%-@B..8 not inclu$e$) i* *et to a relati(e (alue= No error occur* w1en
con&i,urin, t1e #N" ,ain=
To *ol(e t1e pro>lem< up,ra$e t1e *o&tware (er*ion=
). Case 8 D0R" So!tware Problem
Problem Description
)ariou* KPI* in a cell are normal< >ut t1e uplink-$ownlink >alance mea*urement on *e(eral
T!C* *1ow* t1at t1e rate o& Num>er o& M!* (Uplink-an$-Downlink Balance #e(el F 66)
account* &or more t1an ?-N=
Analysis and Solution
Trace t1e !S# *i,nalin, on t1e ">i* inter&ace in t1i* cell< an$ anal'ze t1e M!*= T1e anal'*i*
*1ow* t1at t1e uplink le(el i* ,reater t1an t1e $ownlink le(el &or all u*er* *er(e$ >' t1e
pro>lematic T!C= T1e a(era,e $i&&erence >etween t1e uplink le(el an$ $ownlink le(el i* 6@
$B< w1ic1 i* 9 $B ,reater t1an t1e $i&&erence >etween t1e ca>inet-top power an$ MS power=
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e +6< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
T1e ca>inet-top tran*mit power i* te*te$ an$ i* &oun$ to >e normal= T1u*< t1e $ownlink
tran*mit power i* normal=
"nal'ze t1e KPI* o& t1i* cell= T1e KPI* are &oun$ to >e normal= ;e *u*pect t1at t1e *o&tware
on t1e &ault' T!C i* not runnin, properl'D a* a re*ult< t1e reporte$ uplink le(el on t1e ">i*
inter&ace i* *maller compare$ wit1 it* actual (alue=
T1e &ault' T!C i* *ent to :uawei la> &or &urt1er anal'*i*= T1e anal'*i* *1ow* t1at w1en
reportin, t1e uplink recei(e$ *i,nal *tren,t1 in$icator (!SSI)< t1e ne,ati(e *'m>ol or po*iti(e
*'m>ol in t1e compen*ation (alue reporte$ >' t1e compen*ation pro,ram i* re(er*e$=
%on*eGuentl'< t1e mea*urement *1ow* t1e uplink-$ownlink im>alance=
To *ol(e t1e pro>lem< up,ra$e t1e *o&tware (er*ion an$ te*t in t1e la>= T1e *olution i*
incorporate$ into (er*ion )6--!--6%-@B.+8 an$ later (er*ion*=
).& Case &8 .nappropriate Parameter Settings
Problem Description
In a D%S65-- cell< t1e MS o& t1e callin, part' $i*pla'* ma4imum *i,nal *tren,t1< 1owe(er<
t1e callin, part' cannot >e 1ear$ or onl' $i*continuou* (oice can >e 1ear$ a&ter t1e call i*
connecte$=
Analysis and Solution
Trace t1e !S# *i,nalin, on t1e ">i* inter&ace in t1e cell= T1en< anal'ze t1e M!* in t1e tracin,
re*ult= T1e anal'*i* *1ow* t1at t1e uplink le(el o& all u*er* i* .- $B ,reater t1an t1e
corre*pon$in, $ownlink le(el=
T1e ca>inet-top tran*mit power i* te*te$ an$ i* &oun$ to >e normal=
"nal'ze t1e tracin, re*ult o& t1e ">i* *i,nalin, an$ t1e uplink le(el i* &oun$ to >e e4ce**i(el'
low=
%1eck t1e ma4imum tran*mit power o& t1e MS in t1e M!= T1e ma4imum tran*mit power i*
incorrectl' *et to ==
Mo$i&' t1e parameter *ettin,* o& t1i* cellA *et t1e ma4imum tran*mit power o& t1e MS to <=
T1e pro>lem i* *ol(e$=
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e +.< Total ++
GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink-Downlink Balance) Optimization Manual INT!N"#
- .n!ormation Re/uired !or "plin#$
Downlin# %alance Problem Feedbac#
In ca*e t1e uplink-$ownlink im>alance occur*< t1e &ollowin, in&ormation i* reGuire$ w1en
reGue*tin, t1e tec1nical a**i*tanceA
" li*t o& cell* wit1 t1e uplink-$ownlink im>alanceA " $e*cription o& t1e time t1at t1e uplink-
$ownlink im>alance occur* *1oul$ >e inclu$e$=
T1e con&i,uration &ile (D"T &ile) o& t1e BS% wit1 t1e uplink-$ownlink im>alance< BS%
(er*ion< an$ BTS *o&tware (er*ion
T1e mea*ure$ (alue o& t1e ca>inet-top power
In&ormation a>out t1e antenna an$ &ee$er u*e$ in t1e cell wit1 t1e uplink-$ownlink pro>lemA
antenna *peci&ication< TM" *peci&ication< an$ li*t o& ot1er eGuipment connecte$ to t1e &ee$er
T1e tra&&ic *tati*tic* $ata a>out t1e BS% (wit1 t1e uplink-$ownlink im>alance pro>lem) w1en
t1e BS% are >u*'A Uplink-an$-Downlink Balance Mea*urement per T!C in t1e M!
Mea*urement
Data o& !S# *i,nalin, tracin, in t1e cell*A Select *e(eral cell* wit1 *eriou* uplink-$ownlink
im>alance pro>lem an$ trace t1e !S# *i,nalin, on t1e ">i* inter&ace in t1e*e cell*=
Si,nalin, tracin, $ata o& t1e MS $ialin, te*tA In t1e main lo>e co(era,e area< $ial a &i4e$-line
p1one u*in, t1e te*t MS in &reGuenc' lockin, mo$e in a place ?--m awa' &rom t1e antenna=
T1e antenna *1oul$ >e in *i,1t at t1e place= na>le t1e *in,le MS tracin, &unction on t1e
#MT to trace t1e *i,nalin, o& t1e te*t MS= Mo(e t1e te*t MS aroun$ a circle ($iameterA +m)
wit1 t1e te*t *pot a* t1e center an$ te*t &or a minimum o& 6- minute*=
.-67--8-69 :U";I %on&i$ential Pa,e ++< Total ++