164

3.10 EXERCCIO pg. 83

1 Para cada uma das seguintes funes, ache lim
x2

f ( x ) f ( 2)
:
x2

(a) f ( x) = 3 x 2

3 x 2 12
( x 2)(3 x + 6)
= lim
= 12
x2
x 2
x2
x2

lim

1
,x0
x
1 1
2x

( x 2) 1
1
lim x 2 = lim 2 x = lim

=
x2 x 2
x2 x 2
x2
2x
x2
4

(b) f ( x) =

2 2
x
3
4
2
2 2 8
( x 2) x +
x
3 4 4 8
3
3 = lim
= + =
lim 3
x2
x2
x2
x2
3 3 3

(c) f ( x) =

(d) f ( x) = 3 x 2 + 5 x 1

3 x 2 + 5 x 1 21
3 x 2 + 5 x 22
( x 2)(3 x + 11)
= lim
= lim
= 17
x2
x2
x2
x2
x2
x2

lim

1
, x 1
x +1
3 x 1
1
1

3( x + 1)
2 + x 1
1
lim x + 1 3 = lim
= lim

=
x2
x2
x 2 3( x + 1) x 2
x2
x2
9

(e) f ( x) =

(f) f ( x) = x 3

x3 8
( x 2)( x 2 + 2 x + 4)
= lim
= 12
x2 x 2
x2
x2

lim

2 -
Esboar o grfico das seguintes funes e dar uma estimativa dos limites
indicados

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(a) f ( x) =

x2 9
;
x3

lim f ( x) = 6
x 3

y
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1

x
-4

-3

-2

-1

-1
-2
-3

(b) f ( x) =

x3 3x + 2
;
x2 4

lim f ( x) =

x 2

9
.
4

y
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1

x
-4

-3

-2

-1

1
-1
-2
-3

(c) f ( x) =

x 1
;
x 1

lim f ( x) =
x 1

3
.
2

x
1

(d) f ( x) =

x 1
;
x3 1

1
lim f ( x) = .
x 1
3

166
y

x
-2

-1

3 Calcular os limites indicados no Exerccio 2 e comparar seus resultados com as

estimativas obtidas.

x2 9
( x 3)( x + 3)
= lim
= lim( x + 3) = 6.
x 3 x 3
x 3
x 3
x3

(a) lim

x3 3x + 2
( x + 2)( x 1) 2
( x 1) 2
9
= lim
= lim
= .
(b) lim
2
x 2
x

2
2
x 4
x2
( x + 2)( x 2)
4
(c) lim 3
x 1

x 1
u3 1
(u 1)(u 2 + u + 1)
(u 2 + u + 1) 3
= lim 2
= lim
= lim
= .
u 1
(u + 1)
2
x 1 u 1 u 1 u 1 (u 1)(u + 1)

x 1
x 1
1
= lim
= .
3
2
x 1 x 1
x 1 ( x 1)( x + x + 1)
3

(d) lim

Nos exerccios de 4 a 27 calcule os limites.

x3 +1
( x + 1)( x 2 x + 1) (1) 2 (1) + 1
3
lim
=
=
= .
2
x 1 x 1
x 1
( x 1)( x + 1)
2
11

4 - lim

t 3 + 4t 2 + 4t
(t + 2)(t 2 + 2t )
44
0
= lim
=
=
= 0.
5 - lim
t 2 (t + 2)(t 3)
t 2 (t + 2)(t 3)
23 5

x 2 + 3x 10
x+5
( x 2)( x + 5)
2+5
7
= lim
= lim
=
= = 1.
6 - lim 2
x2 3x 5 x 2
x 2 ( x 2)(3 x + 1)
x2 3x + 1
3 2 +1 7
7 - lim
t

5
2

2t 2 3t 5
(2t 5)(t + 1) 5
7
= lim
= +1 = .
5
2t 5
(2t 5)
2
2
t
2

167

8 - lim
xa

x 2 + (1 a ) x a
( x a )( x + 1)
= lim
= a +1.
x

a
xa
( x a)

3 x 2 17 x + 20
( x 4)(3 x 5) 12 5 7
9 - lim 2
= lim
=
= = 1.
x 4 4 x 25 x + 36
x 4 ( x 4)( 4 x 9)
16 9 7
x2 + 6 x + 5
( x + 1)( x + 5) 1 + 5
4
= lim
=
= .
2
x 1 x 3 x 4
x 1 ( x + 1)( x 4)
1 4
5

10 - lim

x2 1
( x 1)( x + 1) 1 1 2
= lim
=
=
= 2 .
2
x 1 x + 3 x + 2
x 1 ( x + 1)( x + 2)
1+ 2
1

11 - lim

12 - lim

x2 4
( x 2)( x + 2)
= lim
= 4.
x 2 x2
( x 2)

13 - lim

x 2 5x + 6
( x 2)( x 3)
2 3 1 1
= lim
=
=
= .
2
x

2
( x 2)( x 10) 2 10 8 8
x 12 x + 20

x2

x2

(2 + h) 4 16
h 4 + 8h3 + 24h 2 + 32h + 16 16
h/ (h3 + 8h 2 + 24h + 32)
lim
= lim
= lim
14 - h 0
h 0
h0
h
h
h/
= 32
15 - lim
t 0

(4 + t ) 2 16
16 + 8t + t 2 16
t/ (8 + t )
= lim
= lim
= 8.
t 0
t 0
t
t
t/

16 - lim

25 + 3t 5
25 + 3t/ 25
3
= lim
=
.
t 0 t ( 25 + 3t + 5)
t
10
/

17 - lim

a 2 + bt a
a 2 + bt/ a 2
b
, a>0.
= lim
=
t 0
t
t/ ( a 2 + bt + a ) 2a

18 - lim

h 1
h 1
1
= lim
= .
h

1
h 1
(h 1)( h + 1) 2

t 0

t 0

h 1

19 - lim

h 4

2( h 2 8 ) + h
2(h 2 8) h 2
2h 2 16 h 2
= lim
= lim
=
h 4
h+4
(h + 4)( 2(h 2 8) h) h4 (h + 4)( 2(h 2 8) h)
= lim

h 4

(h + 4)(h 4)
(h + 4)( 2(h 2 8 h)

8
= 1 .
8

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20 - lim
h 0

8+h 2
h
u3 = 8 + h h = u3 8
u2
u2
1
lim 3
= lim
=
.
2
u2 u 8
u 2 (u 2)(u + 2u + 4)
12

1
1+ x 1
1/ + x/ 1/
= lim
=
.
x

0
x
2
x/ ( 1 + x + 1)

21 - lim
x 0

x2 + a2 a

22 - lim

x 0

= lim

x +b b
3

23 - lim
xa

x 0

( x 2 + a 2 a 2 )( x 2 + b 2 + b)
2

( x + b b )( x + a + a )

2/ b b
= , a, b > 0 .
x 0 2
/a a

= lim

x 3 a
xa

Fazendo:
x = u3
a = b3
com b 0 e a 0 temos:
u b
u b
1
1
= lim
= 2
= 2.
3
3
2
2
2
2
u b u b
u b (u b)(u + bu + b )
b +b +b
3b
1
=
.
33 a 2

lim

24 - lim

x 1

x 1 4

x 1
Fazendo x = u 12
3

lim

x 1 4

25 - lim
x 1

x 1
x 1

x 1

u 4 1
(u 1)(u 3 + u 2 + u + 1) 4
=
lim
= .
u 1 u 3 1
u 1
3
(u 1)(u 2 + u + 1)

= lim

x 2 23 x + 1
( x 1) 2

Fazendo

lim

, u 0 temos:

x = u , temos:

x 2 23 x + 1
u 2 2u + 1
(u 1)(u 1)
1
=
lim
= lim
= .
2
3
2
2
2
2
u 1 (u 1)
u 1 (u 1) (u + u + 1)
9
( x 1)

169

2 1
3 5+ x
(9 5 x)(1 + 5 x
(4 x)(1 + 5 x )
.
= lim
= lim
=
=
x4 1 5 x
x 4 (1 5 + x )(3 + 5 + x
x 4 ( 4 + x )(3 + 5 + x )
6
3

26 - lim

27 - lim
x 0

1+ x 1 x
1/ + x 1/ + x
2x
2
= lim
= lim
= = 1.
x

0
x

0
x
x ( 1 + x) + 1 x )
x( 1 + x) + 1 x ) 2