..

( )

, ,
" ".
.

1990- .,
. . , ,
.
, : 1990-
 2000- . ( ),
.
15 , . ,
. " "(4- ),
- (5- ).
, ; - ,
.
, . ,
.
, .

c .. , 2008, 1996-2007

1

1.
1.1.

z = (x, y) ,

x, y R .

(x, y)
z . :

x = Re z ;

y = Im z .

C ,
. C  R.
x (x, 0) . (0, y)
.

z = (x, y) z =
(x, y) .
z = (x, y)

z = x + iy

1.2. .
1i
1. c =
.
1+i
B
(1 i)2
(1 i)2
1i
c=
=
=
= i
1+i
(1 + i) (1 i)
2
Re c = 0 , Im c = 1 C
2. :

(z)2 = z .

B z = x + iy , x, y R .
(x iy)2 = x + iy .
,

 2
x y2 = x ,
2xy = y .

1
x = .
2

1
3
.
x= y=
2
2


y=0

x=0
x = 1;

y = 0

1
3
3
1
: z = 0 ; z = 1 ; z = + i
; z = i
2
2
2
2
3. , n

Pn (z) = a0 z n + a1 z n1 + + an
ak z0 z0 .
B ,

Pn (z) = a0 z n + a1 z n1 + + an = a0 (z)n + a1 (z)n1 + + an = Pn (z) .

Pn (z0 ) = 0 , Pn (z 0 ) = Pn (z0 ) = 0 , C

1.3.
z = (x, y) R2 , C ( (0, 0), ..
- ).

1.4.
z = (x, y)
: (r, ), r  , z, ,  , - z

:
z = r (cos + i sin ) .

. z = 0 , r = 0 , .
r ,  z :
r = |z| , Arg z .

p
x
y
r = x2 + y 2 , cos = p
, sin = p
.
x2 + y 2
x2 + y 2
z : Arg z = {arg z + 2k} , k Z , arg z  , .. ,
2 . :
0 arg z < 2 < arg z .
, .

1.5.
1.

|z1 + z2 |2 + |z1 z2 |2 = 2 (|z1 |2 + |z2 |2 ) .

B 1- . z1 = x1 + iy1 , z2 = x2 + iy2 .
|z1 z2 |2 = (x1 x2 )2 + (y1 y2 )2 ,

|z1 + z2 |2 + |z1 z2 |2 = 2 (x21 + x22 + y12 + y22 ) = 2 (|z1 |2 + |z2 |2 ) .

2- , (z) z1 , z2 , z1 +
z2 , z1 z2 ( )
C
2.



z

 1 | arg z| .
 |z|

z

|z|
B , OB = 1. BC,
| arg z| . C
B A C z 1,

1.6.

ei = cos + i sin ,

z = r (cos + i sin ) = r ei ,
.

1.7
1. :
) c = 5 ; ) c = 2 ; ) c = i ; ) c = 1 i .

B ) |c| = 5 , arg c = 0 , c = 5 ei2k , k Z .

) |c| = 2 , arg c = , c = 2 ei (1+2k) , k Z .
1

) |c| = 1 , arg c = , c = ei ( 2 + 2k) , k Z .

2

) |c| = 2 , arg c = , c = 2 ei ( 4 + 2k) , k Z . C

4
. 1) )  ) Arg c .
- Arg c . (
) = arg c .
2) . )  )
.
2. . , :

n
z n = r ei = rn ein = rn (cos n + i sin n) ,
,

(cos + i sin )n = cos n + i sin n .

3. :
) (1 + i)n + (1 i)n ; ) (1 + cos + i sin )n .

2 ei 4 , 1 i = 2 ei 4 ,
 n

n 
c = (1 + i)n + (1 i)n = ( 2)n ei 4 + ei 4 =

B ) 1 + i =

n
n
n
n
n 
n
+ i sin
+ cos
i sin
= 2 1 + 2 cos
.
4
4
4
4
4
n
n
, Im c = 0 .
, Re c = 2 1 + 2 cos
4
) ,

n
c = (1 + cos + i sin )n = 1 + ei =



in
i
i n
n
n 

n
n
2
2
2
=e
e +e
= 2 cos
cos
+ i sin
.
2
2
2
n

= 22

cos

Re c = 2n cosn

n
cos
,
2
2

Im c = 2n cosn

n
sin
C
2
2

4. , , (arg z (; ])

z:

) z = cos + i sin .
) z = (1 + i 3)4 ;
4
4

B ) c = 1 + i 3 r = |c| = 2 , arg c = , z = c4 =
3
4
4 i 3
2 e
,


4
2
4
+ 2k , k Z ; arg z =
2 = .
|z| = 16 ; Arg z =
3
3
3

+ sin2 = 1 . tg = 1
4
4

3
3
Re z < 0 , Im z > 0 , Arg z =
+ 2k , k Z ; arg z =
. C
4
4
) , |z| =

cos2

1.8.
z n- c : z =
N , z n = c .

, n 0 = 0 .

c,

c = ei , c 6= 0,
:
arg c+2k

n c = n e
n
, k Z.

n  .

1.9.

1.

2i ;

1 .

B ) 1- . z = x+iy ,
z 2 = 2i .

x y + 2ixy = 2i


x = y,
x2 = 1

x2 y 2 = 0 ,
xy = 1

x = y ,
x2 = 1

(x y  !),
:


x = 1,
x = 1 ,

.. z1 = 1 i , z2 = 1 + i .
y = 1
y = 1,

2- . c = 2i = 2 ei ( 2 + 2k) ,

z1,2 =
..

c=

2 ei ( 4 + k) , k = 0, 1 ,


i
4
z1 = 2 e
= 1 i;
= 2 cos i sin
4
4


i 3
3
3
+ i sin
z2 = 2 e 4 = 2 cos
= 1 + i .
4
4
) c = 1 = ei ( + 2k) ,

zk =

+2k
1 = ei ( 4 ) , k = 0, 1, 2, 3 .

, :

1+i
z0 = ei 4 = ;
2

3
1 + i
z1 = ei 4 = ;
2

5
1+i
z2 = ei 4 = ;
2

7
1i
z3 = ei 4 =
2

2.
) z 3 = z ;
) z 6 + 7z 3 8 = 0 .

B ) z = r ei .
r3 e3i = r ei .
r = 0 , z = 0 ; r2 = e4i , r = 1 4 = 2k ,
k
k
.. =
, z = ei 2 .
2
k = 0, 1, 2 .
z = 1 ; z = i
) t = z 3

t=1
2
t + 7t 8 = 0
t = 8 .
,

z=

2k
1 = ei 3 ,

z=

8 =

+2k
8 ei 3 ,

k = 0, 1, 2,

6 :

z = 1, z =

1
(1 i 3) , z = 2 , z = 1 i 3
2

1.10. .
1. Re z , Im z , |z| , Arg z , arg z [0 ; 2) ,
!28

7
3
1
a) z =
3+i ;
i
b) z = 5i
;
2
2

(1 + i)9
i5 2
;
d) z =
c) z = 19
;
i 1
(1 i)5
!7
30
(1
+
i
3
3)
1
i
(1 + i)10 ;
f) z =
;
e) z =
45
4
4
(1 i)
g) z = 3i e5i ;
i) z =

h) z = 1 cos

+ i sin .
7
7

1 + cos + i sin
.
1 + cos i sin

2.

|z1 z2 + 1|2 + |z1 z2 |2 = (1 + |z1 |2 ) (1 + |z2 |2 ) .

3.

|z 1| ||z| 1| + |z| | arg z| .

4. |z1 | = |z2 | = |z3 | > 0 z1 +z2 +z3 = 0 . , ,
z1 , z2 , z3 , .
5. ,  :

a) arg z n = n arg z ;

b) Arg z n = n Arg z ;

c) Arg z n = n Arg z + 2k , k Z ?
6. Pn (z)  n- . ,
:
b) Pn (z) = Pn (z) ?
a) Pn (z) = Pn (z) ;
7.

z+

1
= 2 cos .
z

8. :
p

a) 3 64i ;
b)
2 2 3i;

zn +

1
= 2 cos n.
zn

c) 3 2 + 2i .

9. , n 1 .

10. :

a)
e)
g)
i)
l)

z 4 + 4 = 0 ; b) z 6 64 = 0 ; c) z 3 = 27 i ; d) z 4 + 8 = 8 3 i ;
z4 + i z2 + 2 = 0 ;
f ) z 4 + (2 i) z 2 2i = 0 ;
z 4 + 3i z 2 + 4 = 0 ;
h) z 5 + iz 3 8iz 2 + 8 = 0 ;
j) iz 2 + 2z Im z = 0 ;
k) (z)3 = 4 z ;
z2 + z = 0 ;
z |z|2 = 4i z ;
m) z 2 z = Re z ;
n) z 2 z = Im z .

2. .

2.1. .
C ( ), ( ),
C , .. C = C {}.
.
.

2.2.
t x(t) y(t) .

z(t) = x(t) + i y(t) , t [, ] .

(1)

.
z = z(t) , t [, ] , , . ,  [, ] .
(1) .
t. ,
(1). z() ,
z()  .
, ,
1 .
t1 , t2 ,
[; ], t1 6= t2 , z(t1 ) = z(t2 ) ,
.
( ) .
, ,
.

.
) z = t, t [0, 1].

z = 0 z = 1
) z = 1 t, t [0, 1]  1 
z = 1 z = 0
) z = t2 ,

t [1, 1] .

10

z = 1
, .
h i
) z = cos t, t 0,
 , . ).
2
) z = 2 e it , t [0, ] .
2
z = 2 z = 2.
) z = 1 + e it , t [0, 2] .
z = 1,
.  .



3
3

,
cos t + i sin t , t 0,
2 



) z =
4i
7
3

t
, t
, 2 .

4
2
, ,
, .. .

z(t) = x(t) + i y(t) , t [, ] , ,

x(t) y(t) [, ] ,
(x0 (t))2 + (y 0 (t))2 6= 0 . , , z(t)
z 0 (t) = x0 (t) + i y 0 (t) z 0 (t) 6= 0 t [, ].
, , z 0 ( + 0) = z 0 ( 0) .
z 0 (t0 ) = 0 t0 , z0 .
, .
, , , .

. ), ), ), ), ) ; . )
z = 0 ( z 0 (0) = 0 ); . )
z = 1, z = i.

2.3.
E ,
, E.
D , D 
.

().

C
 ( ) , ,
( ).
int ,
ext .

11

D ,
, D, D.
D .
D , , D, D.

.
) r > 0 z0 : {z : |z z0 | < r }.
) z0 : {z : 0 < |z z0 | < r }.
) : {z : |z z0 | r }.
) : {z : |z z0 | > r }.
) z0 r R
(0 < r < R) : {z : r < |z z0 | < R }.
) , :
{z : arg z = }.
) z0 : {z : < arg(z z0 ) < } ( < 2).
) : {z : Im z > 0 }.
) , : {z : Re z = x0 }; {z : Im z = y0 }
(x0 , y0 R).
) : {z : x1 Re z x2 }, x1 , x2 R.
) , :
{z : x1 Re z x2 , y1 Im z y2 }.

2.4. , .
1. : ) ; ) .

B )
bx + cy + d = 0 , b2 + c2 6= 0 , b, c, d R .
z+z
zz
x =
, y=
,
2
2i
b (z + z) ic (z z) + 2d = 0 (b ic) z + (b + ic) z + 2d = 0 ,

B z + B z + D = 0,
B = b + ic , B 6= 0 , D = 2d .
)
2

a (x + y ) + 2bx + 2cy + d = 0

b
x+
a

2

c 2 b2 + c2 ad
+ y+
=
,
a
a2


a 6= 0 , b2 + c2 ad > 0 .
z+z
zz
x =
, y=
, x2 + y 2 = z z , 2
2i

a zz + b (z + z) ic (z z) + d = 0 a zz + (b ic) z + (b + ic) z + d = 0 ,

A zz + B z + B z + D = 0 ,
A = a, B = b + ic , D = d , BB AD = b2 + c2 ad > 0 .

12

2. ,
( , ).
) |z 4| = |z + 4i| .

B 1- . |z z0 | z z0 ,
 , z = 4 z =
4i . , y = x , :
{z = x ix , x R}.
2- . z = x + iy ,
p
p
(x 4)2 + y 2 = x2 + (y + 4)2 8x + 16 = 8y + 16 y = x C

1
= c.
z
B , z 6= 0 . z = x + iy.
1
z
x iy
x

= 2 = 2
,

= c ,
z
|z|
x + y2
x2 + y 2
c = 0 x = 0 
z = 0;
 
2
1
x
1

x
c 6= 0 x2 + y 2 =
+ y 2 = 2 
c
2c
4c
1
1
z =

z = 0
C
2c
2 |c|
) Re

) |z| > 1 + Im z .

p
x2 + y 2 > 1 + y .
B
, y < 1 . y 1 x2 > 1 + 2y .
,  , 1
y = (x2 1) C
2

2.5.
1. )
; ) ?
2. .
3. , .
4. :

a) z = t2 ,
c) z = t2 ,

t [0; 1];
b) z = t3 , t [0; 1];
t [1; 1];
d) z = t3 , t [1; 1];
h i
;
f ) z = sin t, t [0; ];
e) z = sin t, t 0;
2
h i
(
it
1
+
e
,
t

; ,
g) z = 1 + e it , t [; ];
h) z =
2
t , t (; 2] ;
i) z = t + it2 ,

t [0; 1];

j) z = t2 + it4 ,

t [1; 1];

13

i
k) z = t + ,
t


1
t
;2 ;
2

1
l) z = + it,
t


1
t
;2 ;
2

1 t2
2t i
+
, t [1; 1];
2
1+t
1 + t2
o) z = aeit + beit , t [0; 2] , a, b  .
) ; ) ; ) ;
) ? ?

m) z = eat , t [0; 4] (a C); n) z =

5. :

b) x2 y 2 = a2 ,

a) y = ax, a R;
c) x2 + y 2 2x = 1.

a R;

6. . 2.3 ) ; ) ; )
; ) ? ?
7. UR () C; C ?
8. , :

a) 1 < |2z + 4i| < 4 ; b) 1 |z + 2i| 3 ; c) | arg (2z 2 )| < ;

4




 za 
 z 2i 
 1;
 = 1 , (|a| < 1) ;
f ) 
d) |z 1| |z| ;
e) 

2z i
1 az

g) |z|2 < Re z ;
h) |z|2 Im z ;
i) 2 |z| < Re z + 6 ;
(
(
1 < |z + 1| < 2 ,
1 |z + 2 i| < 3 ,

j)
k)
arg (z + 1) 0 ;
| arg (z + 2 i)| < ;
2
4


1
i
i
i
m) Im 5 ;
n) Im
1 < 1;
l) Re > ;
z
2
z
z


i
i
z1
z+1
o) Im
+
0;
q) Im
0;
1;
p) Re
z 2
z1
z+1
 
 
 
1
1
1
r) Re
+ Im
> 1;
s) Im
Im z ;
z
z
z
t) |z 2 1| < 1 ;

u) |z 2 i| < 1 .

9. a) u) :
) ;
) ?

3.
3.1.
. {zn } z0 (z0 6= ) :
lim zn = z0 , : zn z0 , n ,

 > 0 N () n > N |zn z0 | <  .

14

{zn } ,

M > 0 N (M ) n > N

|zn | > M

, {zn } z0 = .
zn = xn + iyn (n = 0, 1, 2, . . .) .

1.

lim zn = z0 , z0 6= ,

lim xn = x0 ,

lim yn = y0 .

2. zn = rn ein , rn = |zn | , n = arg zn , n = 1, 2 . . .

rn r0 n 0 , zn z0 = r0 ei0 n .

. :
n in
a) zn =
;
2in + 1

ein
b) zn = n , 0 ;
i n


c) zn =

i
1+
n

n
.

B a) ,
,
in
n in
n = 1 = i,
lim
= lim
1
n 2in + 1
n
2i
2
2i +
n
1

 n
i  1
 = 0
n n

b) > 0

n .

 in 
 e 
1
|zn | =  n  = 0 , n , ,
i n
n

lim zn = 0.
= 0

zn =

ein
1
= n (cos n + i sin n) .
n
i
i

, n ( : 1, i),
, {sin n}, {cos n} .

i
c) : cn = 1 + = rn ein ,
n
r
1
1

rn = 1 + 2 ,
tg n = .
n
n


n
1 2
n
R = lim (rn ) = lim 1 + 2
= 1 ; = lim n n = lim n tg n = 1
n
n
n
n
n
(
n n tg n ). 2

lim (cn ) n = R ei = ei = cos 1 + i sin 1

15

3.2.
.

zn ,

(1)

n=1

zn = xn + iyn , ,
n
X
{sn } : sn =
zk .
k=1

s = lim sn .
n

(1) ,

|zn | .

(2)

n=1

3. (1) ,

X
n=1

xn

yn

n=1

4 ( ).

(1) , 

n+p
 X



zk  <  .
 > 0 N () n > N, p N |sn+p sn | = 


k=n+1

5 ( ).
(1) , lim zn = 0 .
n

6.

(2), (1).

7 ( ).

(2) ( , , , ,
..)

. :
a)

X
5in2 + in
;
3n2 2ni
n=1

b)

X
n=1

3 + 4i
10i

n
;

c)

X
2i n i 2n
;
n2 + 1
n=1

B a)

in
5i + 2
5in2 + in
n = 5i =
lim
=
lim
6 0,
2
2i
n 3n 2ni
n
3
3
n
.
s
n



p



 1

1
n
n  3 + 4i 
n
3  3 + 4i 
3
n
n
3
|zn | = n
n)
b) n
=
(
 10i 
 10i  = 2 ( n) 2 < 1 ,
, .
c)
2i n i 2n
n
2
= (1)n+1 2
+i 2
,
2
n +1
n +1
n +1

16

X
n
2

(1)n+1 2
(2
n
+
1
n
+
1
n=1
n=1
,  ), ,
C

3.3.
1. {|zn |} {zn } ?
2. {|zn |}
{zn } ?
3. , , 2, .
?
4. : {zn = xn + iyn } , {xn } {yn }
?
5. , C .
6. lim zn ( ) :
n

a)
c)
e)
g)


2n
1+i
2
3n + 1
n
zn = n sin + i
;
b) zn = (1 i)
;
n
n
2i + 1




in
in
; d) zn = arg 2 +
;
zn = arg 2 +
n
n

n

n
1 + in
2
n
zn = (3 4i)
; f ) zn = 1 + i sin
;
2in + 1
n

n2
n

1
1 + cos + i sin
i
; h) zn =
, R.
zn =
2
n
2+i

7. z,
{cn }. :
zn
a) cn = (2iz)n ;
b) cn =
;
c) cn = nk z n k Z .
1 + zn
8. :

X
2n2 3nin
;
a)
3in2 5
n=1

X
1 i
en ;
d)
n
n=1

X
(4i)n
in

;
c)
b)
;
n!
i n + 2n
n=1
n=1

n

1 + ei
e)
n
, (0, 2).
2i
n=1

17

4. .
4.1.
. E, F C. , E

() f : E F , w = f (z), z E w F :
w = f (z) .

. w = f (z) G E,
z1 , z2 G , z1 6= z2 w1 6= w2 . (.. ).
E w = f (z). w = u+iv , z = x+iy (x, y, u, v R). w = f (z)
, Oxy, E (
E ).
.
) w = az + b , a, b C.
, C . a 6= 0 , wb
, C.
z =
a
) w = z 2 , C. ,
w(z) =w(z) . ,
C : z = w ( w 6= 0 ).
) w = z 2 , z C , u = x2 y 2 ; v = 2xy , Oxy.
z
z 6= 0,
) w =
z
, w(z) = w(z).
z
z2
x2 y 2
2xy

= 2 , u = 2
, v= 2
.
2
z
|z|
x +y
x + y2

4.2.
a) .
( )
w = zn ,

n N , n > 1 .

z C , n- C.

{z : < arg z < } ,

b)

w = n z (n N, n > 1)
C n-:

w=

p
n

|z| e ik ,

w(0) = 0 ,

k =

arg z + 2k
,
n

kZ

(z 6= 0) .

(1)

k, w = n z k . n .

2
.
n

18

c) .
:
ez = ex (cos y + i sin y) ,

z = x + iy.

(2)

(2) ez T = 2i k, k Z, k 6= 0 , , C
().

d)

w = Ln z , (2). C \ {0}. .

Ln z = ln |z| + i Arg z = ln |z| + i (arg z + 2 k) , k Z .

(3)

(3) k, (Ln z)k . ( k = 0), 1 :

ln z = ln |z| + i arg z .

(4)

e) .
:

cos z =

eiz + eiz
,
2

sin z =

eiz eiz
,
2i

tg z =

sin z
,
cos z

ctg z =

cos z
.
sin z

, .

f ) .
w = Arccos z w

z = cos w eiw + eiw = 2z

(. . 2),

Arccos z = i Ln (z z 2 1) ,

(5)

( -

2
z 1 ).

Arcsin z = i Ln (iz 1 z 2 ) ;
(6)

1 iz
i
Ln
, z 6= i.
(7)
2
1 + iz
g)
:
Arctg z =

ch z =

ez + ez
,
2

sh z =

ez ez
.
2

1
(3), (4) ln
|z|, .

19

( ):

ch2 z sh2 z = 1 ( )
cos (iz) = ch z ,

sin (iz) = i sh z ,

(8)

ch(z1 + z2 ) = ch z1 ch z2 + sh z1 sh z2 ,

(9)

sh(z1 + z2 ) = sh z1 ch z2 + ch z1 sh z2 .

(10)

(8) C sin z
cos z.

.
1.
:

a) sin(4 3i) ;
b) ln(1 + i) ;
c) Ln( 3 i) .

B a) c = sin(4 3i) = sin 4 cos 3i cos 4 sin 3i = sin 4 ch 3 i cos 4 sh 3 .

, Re c = sin 4 ch 3 , Im c = cos 4 sh 3 .

b) c = ln(1 + i) = ln |1 + i| + i arg(1 + i) = ln 2 + i ,
4
1

, Re c = ln 2 , Im c = .
2
4



c) c = Ln( 3 i) = ln | 3 i| + i Arg( 3 i) = ln 2 + i + 2k ,
6

k Z , Re c = ln 2 , Im c = + 2k
C
6
2. ch z
; b) ?

a) -

ch z = ch (x + iy) = ch x ch iy + sh x sh iy = ch x cos y + i sh x sin y,



sh x = 0
x=0

a) Im (ch z) = 0 sh x sin y = 0
sin y = 0
y = n , n Z;

b) Re (ch z) = 0 ch x cos y = 0 cos y = 0 y = + n, n Z C

2
3. ,

Ln (z1 z2 ) = Ln z1 + Ln z2 , z1 , z2 C, z1 , z2 6= 0.

B c1 = Ln z1 , c2 = Ln z2 , , , z1 =
e , z2 = e c2 .
z1 z2 = e c1 e c2 = e c1 +c2 , , c1 + c2 = Ln(z1 z2 ) ,
C
c1

4. :

a) sin z = 0 ;

b) cos z = i .

B a) sin z , t = eiz
t

1
= 0 t2 = 1 e2iz = 1 .
t

2iz = Ln 1 = i 2k z = k ,

k Z.

, ,
.

20

b)
t+

1
= 2i t2 2i t + 1 = 0 .
t

t=i


2

t1 = (1 + 2) i
t2 = (1 2) i .

t = eiz iz = Ln t z = i Ln t . t





z = i Ln(1 + 2) i = i ln |1 + 2| + i
+ 2k
=
2



+ 2k i ln(1 + 2) ,
=
2
:




=
z = i Ln(1 2) i = i ln |1 2| + i + 2k
2



= + 2k i ln( 2 1) , k Z C
2

4.3.
f (z)  , U z0 = x0 + iy0 . f (z) z0 , ,
( , ).

4.1. f (z) = u(x, y) + iv(x, y), z0 = x0 + iy0 , l = a + ib.


lim f (z) = l

zz0

u(x, y) a ,
v(x, y) b

x x0 ,
y y0 .

4.4.
. f (z) z0 E,
lim f (z) = f (z0 ) ,

zz0

..

 > 0 () > 0 z E : |z z0 | < |f (z) f (z0 )| <  .

. f (z) E,
E (: f C(E)).
4.3. f (z) = u(x, y) + iv(x, y) z0 = x0 + iy0 u(x, y) v(x, y)
(x, y) (x0 , y0 ).
, ,
.
f (z) E :

 > 0 () > 0 z1 , z2 E : |z1 z2 | < |f (z1 ) f (z2 )| <  ,

21

1. :
a) f (z) = z .
B z = x + iy, f (z) = x iy = u + iv .
u(x, y) = x ,

v(x, y) = y

 , R2 , f (z)
C C

b) f (z) = arg z , arg z [ 0; 2).

B f (z) = arg z , z 6= 0,
R+ . , z0 = x0 > 0.
i
i
zn zn0 , z0 , : zn = x0 + zn0 = x0
n
n
 arg zn 0 n , arg zn0 2 .
f (z) C C
c) f (z) = z n , n N .
B , f (z) = z C. n > 1
C (.
4.4) C

d) f (z) = ( z)0  (0 arg z <

2 ).
p
i
B (1) n = 2 , k = 0
f (z) = |z| e 2 arg z , z 6= 0, f (0) = 0 .
,
p 
arg z
arg z 
f (z) = u + iv = |z| cos
+ i sin
2
2
+
 , , R ( , ,
u v ).
arg z R+ (. b)), f (z)
. , z = x0 > 0.

lim
f (z) = x0 (cos 0 + i sin 0) = x0 = f (x0 ) ,
zx0 , Im z>0

lim

zx0 , Im z<0

f (z) =

x0 (cos + i sin ) = x0 ,

lim f (z) C

zx0

+
.
C \ R k - -

: f (z) = ( n z)k .

e) f (z) = ez .
B ez = ex (cos y + i sin y) ,
u(x, y) = ex cos y ,

v(x, y) = ex sin y .

u(x, y), v(x, y) R2 , , f (z) = ez

C C

22

f ) f (z) = sin z .
B C. , 4.5 z
eiz eiz
eiz eiz 4.4
C
2i
(
Re z
, z 6= 0 ,
g) f (z) =
z
1, z = 0.
Re z
x
x (x + iy)
=
= 2
. , (0, 0),
z
x iy
x + y2
xy
x2
, v(x, y) = 2
, , f (z)
u(x, y) = 2
2
x +y
x + y2
z 6= 0.
(0, 0) u(x, y), v(x, y).
, x = r cos , y = r sin , , v(x, y)

r2 cos sin
lim v(x, y) = lim 2
= lim cos sin ,
r0 r (cos2 + sin2 )
r0
(x,y)(0,0)
B

. z = 0
f (z) C

z Im z
, z 6= 0 ,
h) f (z) =
|z|
0, z = 0.

B z, Im z, |z| , 4.4 f (z) z 6= 0.

z = 0
(x + iy) y
z Im z
=p
,
|z|
x2 + y 2
, u(x, y) = p

lim

xy
x2 + y 2

y2

, v(x, y) = p

x2 + y 2

u(x, y) = lim

r2 cos sin
= lim r cos sin = 0 ,
r0
r

lim

r2 sin2
= 0.
r

r0

(x,y)(0,0)

v(x, y) = lim

(x,y)(0,0)

r0

lim f (z) = 0 = f (0) ,

z = 0, f (z) C

z0

2.
E = {z : 0 < |z| < 1 } :
Re z Im z
Re z Im z
a) f (z) =
;
b) f (z) =
.
|z|
|z|2

23

xy

B a) , f (z) = p

x2 + y 2

E.
lim f (z) =

z0

xy

lim
(x,y)(0,0)

x2 + y 2

=0

f (z) , 0 < |z| 1 ,

0, z = 0
E = {z : |z| 1}. F (z) E, , E .
E f (z).
xy
b) 1g), f (z) = 2

x + y2
x = 0, y = 0. , E.
1
1
(n)
(n)
z1 = (1 + i), z2 = , n N, n > 1,
n
n

 1
1
 (n)
(n) (n)
(n)
(n)
(n) 
z1 , z2 E, f (z1 ) = , f (z2 ) = 0. z1 z2  =
2
n
,

 1
 (n)
(n) 
C
f (z1 ) f (z2 ) =
2
(. 1h)),

F (z) =

. ,

z = 0,  .

4.5.
1. c Re c , Im c , Arg c , arg c :

a) c = 3i e5i ;

b) c = 2 e4+5i .

2. c Re c , Im c :

a) c = cos (13i) ;

b) c = sh (3+i) ;

c) c = ln (2ei) ;

d) c = Ln (2+i 2 3) .

3. (7)(9).
4. :

b) | sh y| | cos z| ch y

a) sin z = sin z;

(z = x + iy).

5. ez ; sin z
; ) ?
6. :

a) eiz = cos z ;

b) sin 2z = i ;

7. C

c) ch z = 0 ;
a) tg z = i ,

d) sh z =

i
.
2

b) th z = 1 ?

8. (4)(6).
9. ,

Ln

z1
= Ln z1 Ln z2 , z1 , z2 C, z1 , z2 6= 0.
z2

) -

24

10.
z 6= 0 ?

a) Ln z 2 = Ln z + Ln z ;

b) Ln z 2 = 2 Ln z ,

z C,

11. , :

a) lim f (z) = (z0 6= ) ;

zz0

b) lim f (z) = w0 (w0 6= ) ;

z

c) lim f (z) = .
z

12. :
sin 2z
e2z + 1
a) lim
;
b) limi z
;
z0 sh iz
z 2 e + i

c)

limi

ch z + sin iz
.
ch 2z

13. , , E, ?
14. , f (z) E, |f (z)|
. ?
15. :


a) f (z) = n z k ; b) f (z) = (Ln z)k
,

1) arg z [ 0; 2) ;

2) arg z ( ; ] .

16. :

b) f (z) = ln2 z; c) f (z) = ez ;

(
1
|z|
ch z
e
, z 6= 0,
d) f (z) =
; e) f (z) =
1 + sh2 z
0, z = 0;
2
(
1
z
z4 , z 6= 0,
, z 6= 0,
f ) f (z) = e
g) f (z) =
|z|2

0, z = 0;
1, z = 0.
a) f (z) = tg z;

17. E.
?
18.
E = {z : 0 < |z| < 1 } :

1
; b) f (z) = ctg z; c) f (z) = ln z;
1 + z2
1
z2
1
d) f (z) =
; e) f (z) = e z2 ; f ) f (z) = e |z|2 ;
|z|
a) f (z) =

g) f (z) = e z2 1 ;

h) f (z) = e |z|2 1 .
1

19. f (z) 
= e z

3
E1 = z : 0 < |z| < 1, | arg z| >
;
4
n
o

E2 = z : 0 < |z| < 1, | arg z| >

. arg z (, ].
2

25

20. E  , E  . ,
f (z), E,
E ,
E.

5. . -
5.1.
f  , z , z  , , z + z
; f (z) = f (z + z) f (z).

f 0 (z) = lim

z0

f (z)
,
z

f z , f (z)
.
f (z) E,
E (.. E f 0 (z)).

, .
.

5.2.
5.1. . f (z) = u(x, y) + iv(x, y) -

z = x + iy, , u(x, y) v(x, y)

(x, y)

u
v

(x, y) =
(x, y) ,
x
y
u
v

(x, y) = (x, y)
y
x
( -).

. 1) f 0 (z)

df
= ux + ivx = vy iuy = ux iuy = vy + ivx .
dz
2) , u(x, y) ux , uy .
f 0 (z) =

3) E : u D(E) .

5.3.

26

a) f (z) = z .
B f (z) = x iy = u + iv,
v(x, y) = y .

u(x, y) = x ,

u(x, y), v(x, y) D(R2 ), -

,
v
u
= 1 6=
= 1 .
x
y
, f (z) C

b) f (z) = z n , n N .
B z 6= 0 z = r ei ,
f (z) = rn ein ,
u(r, ) = rn cos n ,
u(r, ), v(r, ) D(R2 ).

v(r, ) = rn sin n .

u
= n rn sin n ,

u
= n rn1 cos n ,
r
v
= n rn1 sin n ,
r

v
= n rn cos n .

, -, (.
1 . 5.4), . , , f (z) ( z = 0)
,

f 0 (z) =

r
n rn1 cos n + i n rn1 sin n = n z n1 .
z

z n z = 0 :

(z)n
f (0)
1, n = 1
0
= lim
=
f (0) = lim
C
0, n > 1
z0
z0
z
z

c) f (z) = ez .
B ez = ex (cos y + i sin y) ,
u(x, y) = ex cos y ,

v(x, y) = ex sin y .

u(x, y), v(x, y) D(R2 ), - R2 (!) , f (z) = ez C,

f 0 (z) = ux + ivx = ex cos y + i ex sin y = ex (cos y + i sin y) = ez C

d) f (z) = sin z .
B C. ,
ez , iz ,
(eiz )0 = i eiz ,

(eiz )0 = i eiz ,

27

eiz eiz
.
2i
 iz
0
e eiz
eiz + eiz
0
(sin z) =
=
= cos z C
2i
2

e) f (z) = tg z .
B , sin z C. cos z. cos z 6= 0 ..

z 6= + n, n Z, tg z,
2

0
sin z
1
0
(tg z) =
C
=
cos z
cos2 z
f ) f (z) = z Im z .
B u(x, y) = xy ; v(x, y) = y 2 .
, u, v D(R2 ).
-


y = 2y ,
y = 0,

x=0
x = 0,
z = 0. f 0 (0) = ux (0, 0)+
ivx (0, 0) = 0 C

g) f (z) = (Im z)2 .

B u(x, y) = y 2 D(R2 ) ; v(x, y) = 0 D(R2 ) .
-

0 = 0,

y = 0.
2y = 0
,
: Im z = 0. z 1 f 0 (z) = 0
C
p
h) f (z) = | Re z Im z| .
p
B u(x, y) = |x y| ; v(x, y) = 0 D(R2 ) .
, , vx = vy = 0.
xy 6= 0. ,

: x < 0, y > 0. u(x, y) = x y 

y
, ux =
6= 0 = vy . ,
2 x
- .
.
, - , , (0; y),
y 6= 0. , :
p
p
|x| |y|
u(x, y) u(0, y)
ux (0, y) = lim
= lim
,
x0
x0
x
x
.

28

(0; 0). ,

ux (0, 0) = lim

x0

u(x, 0) u(0, 0)
= 0,
x

uy (0, 0) = lim

y0

u(0, y) u(0, 0)
= 0.
y

, - z = 0 .
u(x, y) (0, 0) ,
p
p
u(0, 0) = u(x, y) u(0, 0) = |x| |y|
p
= |x|2 + |y|2 0

u(0, 0) = ux (0, 0) x + uy (0, 0) y + o() ,

..

p
p

|x|

p
|y| = o( |x|2 + |y|2 )

lim
(x,y)(0,0)

|x|

|x|2

|y|

+ |y|2

= 0,

, , . , u(x, y)
(0; 0).
, f (z) . ( : z = 0 - , f 0 (0) u(x, y)) C

5.4.
1. , -

u = 1 v ,



u
v
r
r
r
0
+i
.
f (z) =
v
1 u

z
r
r

r
r

f
2. ,
= 0 , f z
z z, -.
3. ;
, :
z2
1
a) f (z) = ez ;
b) f (z) = 2
c) f (z) = ;
2 ;
z
ch z sh z
1
d) f (z) = ;
e) f (z) = z |z|2 ;
f ) f (z) = (z)2 ;
z
g) f (z) = sin z ;
h) f (z) = cos (z 2 ) ;

i) f (z) = cos x + i sin y

(z = x + iy) .
(

e z4 , z 6= 0;
z = 0 0,
z = 0,
-, .

4. ,

f (z) =

29

6. .
6.1.
.
f D,
.
: f A(D) .
. ""
: , .
f z0 ,
. : f A(z0 ) .
f D,
D1 , D D1 f A(D1 ) . : f A(D) .

. 5.3 b), c), d), e) ( C, tg z ,

, .. z 6= + n, n Z). f ), g) 2
, ; a), h) ,
, .

6.1 ( ).

) f A(D) f C(D) ;
) f, g A(D) f g A(D) ;
) f, g A(D) f g A(D) ;
f
) f, g A(D) , g 6= 0
A(D) .
g

6.2 ( ).

f D, g
G, D. g(f (z)) A(D).

6.3 ( ).

w = w(z) z0 , w0 (z0 ) 6= 0 .
w0 = w(z0 )
z = z(w), w0 ,

z 0 (w0 ) =

1
w0 (z0 )

. 6.3 .
, D w,
w0 (z) 6= 0 z D, .
.

B a) . 5.3 b), c), d), e) ( C, tg z ,

, .. z 6= + n , n Z). f ), g)
2
, ; a), h) , , .

30

b) n > 1 C.
,

, . 4.4,

arg z + 2k
( n z)k = n |z| (cos k + i cos k ) , k =
,
n
C \ R+ .

, f (z) . , w = ( n z)k ,
z = wn . w 6= 0 z 0 = nwn1 6= 0 ,
6.3 (1) :

w0 (z) =

1
z 0 (w)

1
1
=
,

n1
n
nw
n ( z)kn1

.. C \ R+ w0 (z).

c) C. . 4.2, 4.4 ,
w = Ln z ,

w = (Ln z)k = ln |z| + i (arg z + 2k) ,

k Z,

C \ R+ ( arg z [0 ; 2) ).

z 0 = ew 6= 0 , 6.3
w = (Ln z)k

w0 (z) = (Ln z)0k =

1
1
1
=
=
,
z 0 (w)
ew
z

, C \ R+ . , k C

6.2.
. u(x, y) D, u C 2 (D) u = 0 , (x, y) D. :
u H(D).
2u 2u
u =
+
 , u = 0  .
x2 y 2
u(x, y), v(x, y) ( ), D -.

6.4. w = f (z) = u + iv A(D) , u

v D.
6.3.
1. D -

u(x, y) v(x, y),

f (z) A(D). (
) :
Z (x,y)
uy dx + ux dy + C ,
v(x, y) =
(x0 ,y0 )

(x0 , y0 )  D, C R  .

31

. v(x, y) ,
- (. b)).
f (z) A(D), f (z) 6= 0 Ln f (z) A(D),
2. D
f (z) 6= 0 |f (z)| Arg f (z). ,
f (z), (
) .

. f (z) 12, , .. u(x, y) ( v(x, y)).

. f (z) ( )

a) Re f (z) = x2 ;
b) Im f (z) = x + y + xy ;
c) |f (z)| = e2xy .
B a) u(x, y) = x2 uxx + uyy = 2 6= 0 .
, 6.4 ,
, C
B b) , v(x, y) = x + y + xy H(R2 ), ,
f (z) A(C), v(x, y) = Im f (z).
u(x, y) -:

ux = 1 + x ,
uy = 1 y .
x2
x, u(x, y) = x +
+ C(y). C(y)
2
:
0

C (y) = 1 y ,

y2
C(y) = y
+C.
2

x2 y 2
+ C,
2
x2 y 2
1
f (z) =
+ (x y) + C + i (x + y + xy) = z 2 + (1 + i) z + C,
2
2

u(x, y) = x y +

C R

B c) -, , u(x, y) = ln |f (z)| = 2xy H(R2 ), f (z) A(C) .

v(x, y) = Arg f (z) (3):
Z (x,y)
v(x, y) =
uy dx + ux dy + c =
(0,0)
Z (x,y)
=
2x dx + 2y dy + c = x2 + y 2 + c.
(0,0)

f (z) = |f (z)| ei Arg f (z) = e2xy ei(x

6.4. .

2 +y 2 +c)

= ei z eic ,

cR C

32

1. f (z) A(D), f (z) 6= const.

f (z) f (z) ?

2. f (z) A(D) D :

a) Re f (z) = const ;
b) Im f (z) = const ;
c) |f (z)| = const ;
d) arg f (z) = const .
, f (z) D.
3. :

a) f (z) = z Re z ;

b) f (z) = Re (z 2 ) ;

d) f (z) = i (z)2 2 |z|2 ;

c) f (z) = z 2 Im z ;

e) f (z) = (z 2 + z 2 ) Re z ;

f ) f (z) =

z
;
z

i
+z;
h) f (z) = 2 |z|2 z (z + 4i) ;
z
i) f (z) = tg x + i tg y ;
j) f (z) = y 2 x2 + 2i |xy| ;
k) f (z) = shx cos y + i |chx sin y| (z = x + iy).
g) f (z) =

4. u, v H(D). , a) u + v H(D) ; b) u v H(D) ?

5. u(x, y) v(x, y)  D. , a u(x, y) b v(x, y) b u(x, y) + a v(x, y) , a, b R,
D.
6. u(x, y) v(x, y)  D. , u v D.
7. D  , v(x, y) = Im f (z), f (z) A(D). ,
u(x, y) = Re f (z) ( )

(x,y)

vy dx vx dy + C ,

u(x, y) =
(x0 ,y0 )

(x, y), (x0 , y0 ) D, C R.

8. f (z), z = x + iy, ( )
:

a) Im f (z) = 2y (x + 1) 1 ;
c) Im f (z) = sin x cos y x2 ;
e) Re f (z) = sin x chy y ;

y
g) Arg f (z) = + 2 arctg ;
2
x

b) Re f (z) = x3 3xy 2 + y ;
2x
d) Im f (z) = 2
;
x + y2
f ) Arg f (z) = x2 y 2 ;
2

h) |f (z)| = (x2 + y 2 ) ex .

33

2

7. .

7.1.
.

z0 6=
.
z0 = ,
1
0 = 0 = .
z

7.2.

w = f (z) z0 , f 0 (z0 ) 6= 0.
k = |f 0 (z0 )| > 0  (, k < 1 )
z0 f.
 z0 w = f (z)
( k ).

7.3.
arg f 0 (z0 )  z0 f.
1 2  , z0 , 1 2 
f .
= arg f 0 (z0 ), 1 2 z0
1 2 w0 .
 ( )
w = f (z).

7.4.
w = f (z) = u(x, y)+iv(x, y) D (z)
G (w). f (z) A(D), f 0 (z) 6= 0.
J = |f 0 (z)|2 (
) ( |f 0 (z)| 
).

7.5. .
w = f (z) z0 ,
( ) ,
.

34

w = f (z) D,
D.

1. f A(z0 ) f 0 (z0 ) 6= 0.

w = f (z) z0 .

2. f (z) , D
f 0 (z) 6= 0 z D. w = f (z) D.


. D G  C, . D G
,
1) D G;
2) D G;
3) .

7.6.
1) , ,
w = z 3 .
1
B w0 = 3z 2 .
k = 3 |z|2 > 1 |z| >
3
1
 , .
3
, C
2) , , z0 = i,
z1
.
w =
z+i
B

0
z1
i+1
i+1
1+i
0
w =
=
; w0 (i) =
=
.
2
2
z+i
(z + i)
(2i)
4

i1
1+i
z0 = i w0 =
=
,
2i
2
, z0 ,


1+i
3
0
= arg w (i) = arg
=
C
4
4
3) l(z) = a z + b, a 6= 0, b C,
.

B w = l(z) .
,
a (z1 z2 ) = 0 z1 = z2 ,
(. a) .4.1).

a 6= 0

35

w0 (z) = a 6= 0, l(z) A(C).

2
. () k = |a|
C
4) w = z 2 , z D = {Im z > 0}.

B D, z12 = z22
z1 6= z2 z2 = z1 , z (z)
.
D w0 = 2 z 6= 0, D .
, z0 = 0, w0 (0) = 0.
, 1 = {z : z = r ei1 , r > 0 } 2 = {z : z = r ei2 , r > 0 },
1 , 2 (0 ; )  , 1 = {w :
w = r2 e2i1 , r > 0 } 1 = {w : w = r2 e2i2 , r > 0 }.
, C
5) D = {0 Re z 1, 0 Im z 1}
f (z) = ez .

B f 0 (z) = ez 6= 0, |ez | = ex , (4)

ZZ
ZZ
2
S=
|f (z)| dxdy =
e2x dxdy =
D

=
0

6)

e2x dx

dy =
0
2

1 2
(e 1)
2

x2 + y 2y = 0 a) w = 2iz + 1 ;
z1
b) w =
.
z+1
B a) 1- . w = u + iv,

u = 2y + 1 ,
u + iv = 2i (x + iy) + 1 ,
v = 2x .
,
x2 + (y 1)2 = 1 ,
(3)


2
 v 2
1u

+
1 = 1 (u + 1)2 + v 2 = 4.
2
2
2- . (3) |z i| = 1.
w1
z =
,
2i


w 1



 2i i = 1 |w + 1| = 2 .

1
1
(z + z) , y = (z z) , x2 + y 2 = zz,
2
2i

zz + i (z z) = 0 .
w+1
w+1
, w(z), z =
. z =
1w
1w
, ,


w+1 w+1
w+1 w+1
= 0 ww + (w + w) + 2i (w w) = 0 ,

+i

1w 1w
1w 1w
b) , x =

36

..

u2 + v 2 + 2u 4v + 1 = 0 (u + 1)2 + (v 2)2 = 4

7.7.
1. z, f (z),
1 + iz
a) f (z) = 2z + i z 2 ; b) f (z) =
.
1 iz
2. f (z) z k; , ,

a) f (z) = i z 2 ; k = 2, = 0 ;
b) f (z) = 8z 3 ; k > 6, = ;

c) f (z) = i z 3 ; 1 k < 9, = ;
2
1
d) f (z) = ; k = 4, 0 < < .
z
3. w = az + b, z0 , z1 w1 ,

a) z0 = 1 + i, z1 = 2 + i, w1 = 4 + 3i;
b) z0 = i, z1 = 1 2i, w1 = 2 3i.
4. D f (z) = z 2 ,

a) D = {|z| < 1, Im z > 0}; b) D = {0 < Re z < 1, 0 < Im z < 1}.

5. :


1
1
a) f (z) = z 4 ; b) f (z) =
z+
;
2
z

c) f (z) = ez ;

d) f (z) = sin z.

6. D = {|z| < 1, Im z > 0}. f (z) = z 3

a) D ?
b) D ?
7. ,
w = f (z) , :

a) f (z) = e 3z ;

b) f (z) = sh(z 1);

c) f (z) = i z 2 .

8. {|zi 2| < 2}
w = 5zi + 3 .
9. 1) w = z 2 ;

: |z| = 2; b) : arg z = .
4

1
2) w = ,
z

a)

37

8. -
8.1. .
-

L(z) =

az + b
,
cz + d

a, b, c, d C,

 
d
w
= lim L(z) = ,
c
z dc

= ad bc 6= 0.

a
w() = lim L(z) = .
z
c

L : C C.
 
d

8.1. - C \
c
C .

8.2.
8.2. - {L} -

8.3.
8.3. (z1 , z2 , z3 ) (w1 , w2 , w3 )  ,

. - w = L(z) , wk = L(zk ) , k = 1, 2, 3.

z z1 z3 z1
w w1 w3 w1
:
=
:
.
z z2 z3 z2
w w2 w3 w2

(1)

z z1 z3 z1
:
z z2 z3 z2
, (1) - .
z, z1 , z2 , z3  .

8.4.
8.4. - -

8.5. ()
. z z ,  -

.
z z , ,
R z0 , z z , z0 , |z z0 |
|z z0 | = R2 .

1) , (z ) = z.
2) z = z z .
z z .

38

3)  |z| = R.
z 6= 0 z
R2
z =
.
z
z 6= z0 z : |z z0 | = R,

R2
z = z0 +
.
z z0
4) z0 z0 = .

8.5.  , z z

, L -. L(z) L(z ) = L().

8.6.
1) - ,
.
(1). , -
, , z1 , , (1),
z1 , 1.

L(z) =

z+a
.
z+b

(2)

- , (1, i, 1 + i) a) (1, , 1) ;
b) (0, , 2).

a) (1),
wi 2
z+1 2+i
:
=
: ,
zi
1
1
1

w = 1 +

z+1
2
2 (2 i) z + 1
(1 + 2i) z + (4 + 3i)

= 1 +

=
.
zi 2+i
5
zi
5 (z i)

b) (2), z = 1; i w = 0; , :
z+1
w=
.
zi

w(1 + i) = 2 =
, :

w=

2
.
2+i

2
z+1
2 (z + 1) (2 i)

=
2+i zi
5 (z i)

2) - . (
( , . . 7.4) - ).

39

a) D = {z : |z| < 1, Im z > 0 }
z+1
.
w=
1z



 1
1
b) , |z1| = 1 z  =

2
2
1

w= .
z

B a) 1- .
, D . D
. 8.4 w
.
w(1) = 0, w(0) = 1, w(1) = , w(i) = i.
, [1; 1] ,
.
, D (w)

2- . , D , z = 1, , w = .
, [1; 1] ,
. D
z = 1 , ,
w = 0.

b) , w(0) = .
1 2 , , , , , .. 1 2 , (w).
  :
1
3
2
w(1) = 1, w(2) = , , , w
= , ,
2
2
3
. ,
1 2 C
3) - ,
.
( )
- .

a) - - ,
{|z| < 1} {Re w > 0}.
B - |z| = 1 , ,
(w).
, L : (1, i, 1) (, i, 0) .
z+1
w = L(z). , 1a),
w=
1z
C
, . a) . .

40

b) - ,
{Im z > 0} {|w| < 1} , z0 : w(z0 ) = 0.
B 8.5:
z0 z 0
 |w| = 1  w = 0 w = .
,
, z w
.
w =

z z0
,
z z0

|w(
z )| = 1 .

z = x, x R,


 x z0 

 = 1 || = 1 = ei
|| 
x z0 

R,

|x z0 | = |x z 0 |.
, :

w = ei

z z0
,
z z0

R.

(3)

|w| < 1
(  ).
- ,  ,
z0 (3): = arg w0 (z0 ) C

c) - , {|z| < 1}
{|w| < 1} , z0
: w(z0 ) = 0.
B 8.5 : w(z0 ) = . , z0 =

w = 1

z z0
z 0 (z z0 )
z z0
= 1
=
,
1
z z0 1
1 z z0
z
z0

1
.
z0

= 1 z0 .

: z , .. |
z | = 1,
w
, |w|
= 1. z z = |
z |2 = 1,




 z z0 
 z z0 
z z0 |
 = || 
 = || |

=
|w|
= || 



1 z z 0
z z z z 0
|
z | z z0 

= ||
,

= ei

|
z z0 |
= || = 1 ,
|
z z0 |

|
z z0 | = |
z z0 | .

R. ,
w = ei

z z0
,
1 z z0

(4)

41

d) - {|z| < 2}
[i; 2i] {|w| < 1} [0; 1].
z
B =

2


i
i
; i . (4), 0 =
2
2
w = 0,
i
+
2 = ei 2 + i .
w = ei
i
2 i
1
2
R = i w = 1.
ei = i, ,
w=i

2 + i
z+i
2 (z + i)
= 2i
=
i 2
iz 4
z + 4i

e) w(z) {|z| < 1} {Re w < 0},

w(2i) = 1, w(i) = 0.
i
B z = z = 2i ,
2
w = 1 w = 1
Re w = 0.


i
8.5 w
= 1. (1), -
2
:
i 3i
2 : 2 = w+1 : 1 ,
z + 2i 3i
w 1 1
z+

w=

zi
3 (z + i)

8.7.
1. C.
2. w = l(z), D
{0 < Im w < 1} ,

a) D = {a < Re z < b} ;

b) D = {a < Im z Re z < b} .

3. w = f (z), {2 < |z| < 3}

{4 < |w| < 6} ,

a) w(2i) = 4 ;

b) w(2i) = 6 .

4. D w = f (z),
z
a) D = {Re z < 0} {Im z > 0} , f (z) =
;
z+3
1
b) D = {|iz|2 < 1} ,
f (z) = + i;
z

42

c) D = {|z 1| < 2} {Im z > 0} ,

f (z) =

z+1
;
z3

i
d) D = {|9i z 2 | < 4} , f (z) = ;
z


1
1
< Rez < 1 , f (z) = .
e) D =
2
z


f ) D = {Im z > 0} \ {|z + 1| < 1} \ {|z 1| < 1},
g) D = {|z 2| < 2} {|z 3| > 1} {Im z > 0},

z2
.
z
z2
f (z) =
.
z4
f (z) =

5. , z = 2 + i ,

a) = {|z| = 1} ; b) = {|z| = 3};

d) = {|z 2 i| = 1} .

c) = {|z i| = 3} ;

6. w = f (z), D
G ,

a) D = {Im z > 0},

G = {Re w < 0}, w(i) = 2, w(0) = ;

b) D = {|z + 1 + i| < 2}, G = {Re w > 0}, w(1 i) = 1, w(0) = i;

c) D = {Im z < 0}, G = {|w| > 2}, w(i) = 0, w(1) = 2;
d) D = {|z + 1| > 1}, G = {Im w > 0}, w(1) = i, w(2) = 0;
1
e) D = {|z 1| < 2}, G = {|w| < 1}, w(1) = , w(1) = 1;
2
i
f ) D = {|z| < 2}, G = {|w + i| < 1}, w(0) = , w(2i) = 0;
2

g) D = {Im z > 0}, G = {|w| < 1}, w(i) = 0, arg w0 (i) = ;

2

h) D = {|z| < 2}, G = {|w| < 1}, w(i) = 0, arg w0 (i) = ;

4
0
i) D = {Im z < 0}, G = {|w + i| < 2}, w(i) = i, arg w (i) = 0 ;
j) D = {Im z > 0}, G = {|w| > 1}, w(i) = , arg w0 (i) = ;
k) D = {Re z < 0}, G = {|w + 1| < 1}, w(2) = 1, w0 (0) = i ;
l) D = { |z| < 1} { |z 3i| < 2} ,
G  {0 < Im w < 1} ;
m) D = { |z| < 2} \ { |z i| < 1} , G = {1 < Re w < 1}.

9.
9.1.


w = zn,

n N, n > 1.

1. C < arg z < ,

2
, n <
n

43

arg w < n. , Dk =

2(k 1)
2k
z:
< arg z <
n
n


,

k = 2, . . . , n, C \ R+ .

9.2. w = n z

w = n z , n N, n > 1, z = wn .
G = C \ R+

( n z)0k =

1
1
1
=
=
6= 0.

n
0
n1
n
(w )
nw
n ( z)n1
k

. G f (z)

F (z), , f (z) G
F (z) .

2. w = n z C, z = 0 z = ,
n . G = C \ R+ n
, G
Dk .

9.3.

w = n z , .
G n Gk (""),
Dk z = wn . +
k k 
+
R .
: G1 "" G2 ,
G2 "" G3 .
k
+
k+1 , k = 1, . . . , n 1. , n- ""
.

w = n z.
R.
w : R C , z = 0 z = ,

, w = 0 w = . w =

n
z R.
R

w = n z.
z0 w = f (z),
, .

.

, z = 0 z = w = n z.

9.4.
1)
F (z)
?

3
a) F (z) = 3 2z 3i ; z1 = 0 ; z2 = i ;
2
p

b) F (z) = 1 z ; z1 = 0 ; z2 = 1.

44

B a) z1 = 0
.
3
z2 = i F (z), 2
.
b) z1 = 0
, .
z2 = 1 G(z) =
z, g1 (1) = 1 , g2 (1) = 1 . z2 = 1p
p , .. F (z) = 1 g1 (z),
C
F (z) = 1 g2 (z) z2 = 1

3
2) f (z) F (z) = z ,
f (i) = i f (8).


p
arg z+2k

2k
3
3
B F (z) = 3 |z| ei
, k = 0, 1, 2, F (i) = ei 6 + 3 = i = ei 2 ,
p
arg z+4
3
, ,
k = 2. , f (z) = 3 |z| ei
f (8) =

8 ei

+4
3

=2

3
1
i
=1i 3
2
2

3) ,



7
a)
< arg z <
;
3
12
b) {|z| < 1} {Im z > 0};
c) [i; i ];
d) [ 0; ih ], h > 0;
e) "" {|z| < 1} {|z i| < 1}.

B a)
:
3

= e 3 z . , 4

4
i
3+i 4
w = 4 , . . w = e 3 z 4 =
z . C
2
B b) - = L(z), (1) = 0,
(1) = . , ( ) = 0.
, (, ) , (0) = 1.
z+1
=
,
1z
.

2
z+1
2
w = , w =
C
1z
B c) - = L(z)
R+ .
z+i
(i; 0; i ) ( 0; 1; ) ,
=
.
iz

45

w =

r
z+i
w=
C
iz

. , -

B d) : = z 2 ,
s = + h2 , w = s.

, : w = z 2 + h2
C
B e) - = L(z), ( z2 ; 0; z1 )
( 0; 1; ) , . w = p , p
.

3+i
z1,2 =
|z| = 1
2
|z i| = 1 .

4


z z2 z1
2z + ( 3 i)
1
2z + ( 3 i) i

=
(1 + 3i) =
e 3 .
z z1 z2
2
2z ( 3 + i)
2z ( 3 + i)
= L(z) ,
(z), , .. = arg (i).

2
4
2
4
4
i
i
i
1+i 3 i
3+i i
3 e 3 =e 3 ,
e 3 =
(i) =
e 3 =e
2
i 3
2
3
. p = , w = 3/2 .
3
2
:

, =

s
w=

!3

3 4
i
2z + ( 3 i)

e 2 3 =
2z ( 3 + i)

!3

2z + ( 3 i)

2z ( 3 + i)

9.5.
1. D =

w = f (z),
a) f (z) = z 2 ;

b) f (z) = z 3 ;

2.

n
6

< arg z <

c) f (z) =

a) Re z = c;

o
{|z| > 2} ,
2

1
.
z2
b) Im z = c

w = z 2 .

3. , F (z)
:

a) F (z) = 5 z + 1 2i ; z1 = 0 ; z2 = 1 + 2i ; z3 = ;
p

b) F (z) = i + 4 z ; z0 = 1 ; z2 = 1 ; z3 = 1 .

46

4. f (z) w = 4 z ,
1
f (1) = (1 + i), {|z| < 4, 0 < arg z < }
2
f (z).
5.
a) [0; 1];
b) (; a] [a; +) (a R);
n

o
c) |z| = 1, arg z
;
2
2
n
o

d) |z| < 2,
< arg z < ;
2
e) {|z| < 1} {|z i| > 1}.

10.
10.1.

w = ez = ex (cos y + i sin y) .
1. C Dk = {2k < Im z < 2(k + 1)}
C \ R+ .

10.2.

w = Ln z = ln |z| + i Arg z = ln |z| + i (arg z + 2k) ,

k Z.

z = ew .
2. w = Ln z C, z = 0,
. G = C \ R+
, G
Dk .
k = 0
ln z = ln |z| + i arg z .

10.3.

Dk = {w : 2k < arg w 2(k + 1)} ,

k Z,

z = ew Gk =
G = C \ R+ , k = = {z : Re z > 0, Im z = 0}.
k = {w : Im w = 2k}. k k+1

Dk +
k k
(z).
R w = Ln z
+
Gk ""
k k+1 k Z.
w : R C ,

. z = 0 z = w = Ln z.

47

10.4.
1) w = ez :
a) {z : 0n < Im z < };
o
b) z : Re z < 0, 0 < Im z <
;
4
c) {z : c < Re z < d, a < Im z < b} , 0 < b a < 2.
B .
{0 < Im z < 2} C
2) {z : |z| > 1, Im z > 0}
3
i.
f (z) F (z) = Ln z , f (ei) = 1
2
B




Ln (ei) = ln e + i
+ 2k = 1 + i
+ 2k ,
2
2
k = 1.
D1 .
, ,
: {Re z > 0 ; 2 < Im z < } C

10.5.
1. D w = ez ,

a)
b)
c)
d)

D = { < Im z < } , 0 < 2 ;

D = {0 < Im z < , Re z < 0} ;
D = { < Im z < 2 , Re z > 0} ;
D  Im z = Re z .

2. , D,
n
o
o n

a) D = 0 < Im z <
\ Im z = , Re z 0 ;
2
4
b) D = { Re z > 2 , 0 < Im z < 2} ;
o
n

c) {0 < Re z < } \ 0 < Re z , Im z = 0 ;

2
d) D = { |z| < 2} \ { |z i| < 1} .

e) D  { |z| < 1} { |z 3i| < 2} .

3. D w = ln z,

a)
b)
c)
d)

D = { < arg z < } , 0 < 2 ;

D = {0 < arg z < , |z| > 1} ;
D = { < arg z < 2 , |z| < 2} ;
D  {e < |z| < e2 } (e; e2 ).

4. {z : |z| < 1, Im z > 0}

 
i
5
f (z) F (z) = Ln z , f
= ln 2 +
i.
2
2

48

11.
11.1.


1
1

w=
z+
.
2
z
D1 =
{|z| > 1} D2 = {|z| < 1} , D3 = {Im z > 0} D4 = {Im z < 0}.

1. w = G(z) C \ {0} Dk , k = 1, . . . 4.
10.2. Dk
2. D1 D2 (.. -

) [1 ; 1] (w).
r = 1 [1 ; 1].

3. D3 = {Im z > 0} C \ (I I + ),
Im z = 0 , .
D4 .
11.3.
1) D = {|z| < 1 , Im z > 0} w = G(z).
B 1 1 = {1
Re w 1} ; 2 = {0 < Re z 1}  2 = I + ,
3 = {1 Re z < 0}  3 = I .
, G(D) = {Im w < 0}
C


n
o
1
Re z < 1 , Im z = 0
2) z : |z| < 1 \
2
.
B .
 
1
5
) = G(z), (1) = 1 ,
= ;
2
4
) s = L() , - L


5
5 ( + 1)
1 ; 0 ;
(0 ; 1 ; ) s =
;
4
4

) w = s.
s
5 (z 2 + 2z + 1)
: w =
C
2 (2z 2 5z + 2)
3) {0 < Re z < , Im z > 0} w = cos z.
B

1 iz
e + eiz = G(iz) ,
2
:

) = iz  ;
2
) s = e  ;
w = cos z =

49

w = G(s) 

11.4.
1. D ,


1
a) D = {|z| = 1};
b) D = {|z| = 2};
c) D = |z| =
;
2

d) D = {Im z = 0};

e) D = {Re z = 0}.

2. , D,


1
a) D  {Im z > 0} { |z| < 1}
0 < Im z , Re z = 0 ;
2

b) D 

{1 Im z 2 , Re z = 0} ;


1
c) D  {|z| < 1}
| Re z| < 1; Im z = 0 ;
2
n
o
o n

d) D = 0 < Im z <
\ Im z = , Re z > 0 .
2
4

{Im z > 0}{|z| > 1}

3. D w = f (z),

a) D = {0 < Im z < , Re z > 0} , f (z) = ch z;

n
o

b) D = < Re z < , Im z > 0 ,

f (z) = sin z.
2
2

50

3

12.
12.1.
 - :

z(t) = x(t) + i y(t) ,

t [, ] .

A = z()  B = z().
12.1. f (z)  - .
,
Z
Z
Z
f (z) dz =
u dx v dy + i
v dx + u dy ,
(1)

f (z(t)) z 0 (t) dt ,

f (z) dz =

(2)

f (z) |dz| =

u ds + i

v ds ,

(3)

f (z(t)) |z 0 (t)| dt .

(4)

f (z) |dz| =

12.2.

12.2.
:
Z
Z
)

f (z) dz =
AB

f (z) dz ;
BA

) (3, 4) ; (4) t ;
) 1 2  , ,
Z
Z
Z
f (z) dz =
f (z) dz +
f (z) dz ,

;
) f g  , a , b C  ,

Z
Z
Z
(a f (z) + b g(z)) dz = a
f (z) dz + b
g(z) dz ;

) f , |f | ,

Z
 Z


 f (z) dz 
|f (z)| |dz| .



51

12.3.

Z
f (z) dz ,

a) f (z) = Im z ,  ,
z = 0 z = 1 + 2i;
z
b) f (z) = , 
z
;
c) f (z) = (z a)n , n Z, = r : |z a| = r 
;

3
d) f (z) = 4 z + 1 , ,

4 1 = i;
 {|z| = 4, Re z 0}, z = 4i
z = 4i.
B a) y = a x2 , (0; 0)
(1; 2) , : x = t , y = 2t2 , .. z = t + 2i t2 ,
t [0 ; 1] .
(1)
Z
Z 1
Z 1
1 2
2 3
2
4 
Im z dz =
y dz =
2t (1 + 4t i) dt = t + 2t i = + 2 i .
3
3
0

0
0
b) 1 2 . .
1 z = x, x [1 ; 1], z = x,
Z
Z 1
I1 =
f (z) dz =
dx = 2 .
1

2 z = eit , t [0 ; ]. z = eit ,
f (z) = e2ti , dz = i eit dt,
Z
Z 0
Z 0
0

it
I2 =
f (z) dz =
i e dt =
i (cos t i sin t) dt = (i sin t cos t) = 2 .
2

I1 + I2 = 2 2 = 4 .

c) r z = a + r eit , t [0; 2].

dz = i r eit dt, ,
Z
Z 2
Z 2
n
n+1 i(n+1)t
(z a) dz =
ir
e
dt =
i rn+1 (cos(n + 1)t + i sin(n + 1)t) dt =
r

2
i rn+1

(sin(n + 1)t i cos(n + 1)t)  = 0 , n 6= 1 .
=
n+1
0
n = 1
Z
Z 2
Z 2
dz
i r eit
=
dt = i
dt = 2i .
r eit
r z a
0
0

52

, ,
. p
i

, 4 z = 4 |z| e 4 (arg z + 2k)

k = 1,
h
i

4
1 = i. z , z = 4 eit , t ;
, ,

2 2


i (t + 2) 3

3t
f (z) =
2e 4
+ 1 = 2 2 i3 e i 4 + 1 .

d)

/2

f (z) dz =

4i

/2

3t
i
2 2 i e 4 + 1 eit dt =

/2

Z
=8 2


Z /2
7t
7t
cos
(cos t + i sin t) dt =
+ i sin
dt + 4i
4
4
/2
/2
Z /2
Z /2
64
7t
7
cos t dt =
dt + 8i
C
= 16 2
cos
2 sin
4
7
8
0
0


12.4.
1.
Z )  ) 12.2

f (z) |dz|.

2.  Z z = aZ z = b.
,
dz

|dz| .

3.

f (z) dz,

a) f (z) = z Re z,

 z = 0 z = 2 + i;

b) f (z) = z Re z,

 x = 2y 2 z = 0 z = 2+i;

c) f (z) = (z a)n , n Z,

= {|z a| = r, arg (z a) 0};

5
d) f (z)  Ln z, Ln i = i;
2
= {|z| = 2, Im z 0}.
Z
4.
f (z) |dz|,

z
a) f (z) = ,
z

 ;

1
b) f (z)  z, i = (1 + i) ;
2



3
.
|z| = 2,
arg z
4
4

53

5. f (z) = {|z| = R, Im z 0}, |f (z)| M

z . ,
Z



iz
 f (z) e dz  M R.



,
6.

= {|z| = R, Im z 0} ?

,
Z



iz
 f (z) e dz  < M.



. sin

, 0 .

13.
13.1.
13.1 (). D  , f (z)  -

, f A(D). D
I
f (z) dz = 0 .

1. D  D, f (z) A(D).
I
f (z) dz = 0 .
D

2. D Z , f (z) A(D).
z2

z1 , z2 D

f (z) dz (-

z1

D).

13.2.
13.2 ( ). D  n-

D, 
1 , . . . , n1 , . f (z)
A(D),
I
Z
n1 Z
X
f (z) dz =
f (z) dz +
f (z) dz = 0 ,
k=1
k

(..
).

. 13.2
I
f (z) dz =

n1 I
X
k=1
k

f (z) dz ,

54

(, ).

13.3.
I

1)

n Z,  -

(z a)n dz ,

I=

, z = a.

B ) a ext . f (z) = (z a)n A(int ),

13.1 I = 0.
) a int . r :
|z a| = r , (. 53).
13.2 c) . 12.3,

I
I
0 , n 6= 1 ,
n
n
(z a) dz =
(z a) dz =
C
I=
2i , n = 1

2)

I=

dz
,
2z + i

 x2 +

y2
= 1 , 4

i
int. , , 2
1) .)
I
dz
1
1
I=
C
i = 2i = i
2 z+2
2
B ,

z=

3)

z e sin

I=

 , -

dz ,

z = i z = i.
2

B f (z) = z e sin z A(C), I ,

,
z = i z = i. , z = it, t [1; 1],
Z 1
Z 1
2
sin2 (it)
I=
it e
i dt =
t e sh t dt = 0
1

13.4.
1.

I
I=

f (z) dz ,

1
, : |x| + |y| = 4 ;
2iz + 5
1
b) f (z) =
, : |x| + |y| = 4 ;
(2iz + 5)3
1
c) f (z) =
, : |x| + |y| = 1
2iz + 5
( ).
a) f (z) =

55

2.

e sin z cos z dz ,

= {|z| = 2, Im z 0} ,

z = 2 z = 2.
3. D = {z : 1 < |z| < 2} , f (z) A(D),
I

f (z) dz ?

I
f (z) dz = 2i .
|z|=2

|z|=1

4. D  , If (z) A(D), D  .
f (z) dz ?

5. f (z) D z0 ,
lim (z z0 ) f (z) = 0 . ,
zz0
Z
D, z0
/ ,
f (z) dz = 0.

14.
14.1.
14.1. f (z)  D,

 , z0 int D.
I
1
f (z)
f (z0 ) =
dz .
2i z z0

(1)

(1) .

14.2. D  n- D = 1 . . . n1 ,
f (z) A(D). z0 D
Z
f (z)
1
dz ,
f (z0 ) =
2i D z z0

D.

( ). R : |z z0 | = R  ,
f (z).
Z 2


1
f (z0 ) =
f z0 + R ei d .
2 0
14.2.
(1) .
I
dz
1)
I=

2
z (z 1)
( z = 0, 1, 1).

56

B ) z0 = 0 int , z = 1, 1 ext . f (z) =

(1)

z2

1
,
1

f (z)
dz = 2i f (0) = 2i .
z

I1 =

) z0 = 1 int , z = 0, 1 ext . f (z) =

(1)

I
I2 =

z (z + 1)

f (z)
dz = 2i f (1) = i .
z1

) , z0 = 1 int , z = 0, 1
1
, f (z) =

z (z 1)
I
f (z)
dz = 2i f (1) = i .
I3 =
z+1
) , z = 0, 1 int , z = 1 ext .
(. 13.2)
.. ), ) .
I
I
I
dz
dz
dz
I=
=
+
= I1 + I2 = i .
2
2
2
z (z 1)
1 z (z 1)
2 z (z 1)
. C
I


sin z

2)
I=
dz,

:
z
+

 = 1.
2
2
2z + z

sin z
2z dz, (1),
B I =

z+
2

sin z
, z0 = , f (z) =
, f (z) A(int ) .
2
2z
I
2i
sin z
dz = 2i f (z0 ) =
= 2i
C
I=
2

2z + z
I

14.3.
14.2 f (z) A(D) D.

|f (z)| D.

1. D  , f (z) A(D) C(D),

max |f (z)| = max |f (z)| .
D

2. D  , f1 , f2 A(D) C(D) f1 (z) =

f2 (z) z D. f1 (z) f2 (z) D.
3. f (z) A(D) D f (z) 6=
0. |f (z)|
D.

57

14.4.
1.
,

ez
dz,
z 2 + 2i z

 ,

a) z = 0 int , z = 2i ext ;
b) z = 2i int , z = 0 ext ;
c) z = 0 ext , z = 2i ext ;
d) z = 0 int , z = 2i int .
Z
cos z
2.
dz,  ,
2
2+z z
,
a) z = 1 int , z = 2 ext ;
b) z = 2 int , z = 1 ext ;
c) z = 1 ext , z = 2 ext ;
d) z = 1 int , z = 2 int .
Z
z dz
, 
3.
z
(e + 1)(2iz + )
:
a) : |z| = 1 ; b) : |z| = 3 .
4. D = {z : |z| < 10} , f (z) A(D), f (2i) = 2i.
I
f (z)

dz , C : |z + 1| = 5 .
C z 2i
Z
dz
1
,
0 < a < 1,
5.
2i |z|=1 (z a)(z a1 )

Z 2
2
d
=
.
2
1 2a cos + a
1 a2
0
6. , C f (z) ( ).
Z
f (z)
.
dz, |a|, |b| < R, a 6= b,
|z|=R (z a)(z b)
R .
7. {|z| < 2} f (z), ,
z = i, |f (i)| = 3 ,
arg f (i) = .
8. , f (z) 6= 0 ( 3 . 14.3).
9. D  D, f (z) A(D) C(D)
D, |f (z)| const z D. ,
z D, f (z) = 0.

58

15.
15.1.
.  - , f  , -

1
g(z) =
2i

f ()
d ,
z

z
/

(1)

15.1. f C(). g A(C \ ), n N

(n)

n!
(z) =
2i

f ()
d .
( z)n+1

15.2.
.
15.2. f (z), D,
,
I
n!
f ()
(n)
f (z) =
d ,
(2)
2i ( z)n+1

 , z int D.

( ).

KR = { : | z| R},
MR = max |f (z)| .

R = { : | z| = R} ,

f (z) A(KR ) ,

zR

|f (n) (z)|

n! MR
.
Rn

15.3.
. f (z) A(C) .
15.3 (). , C,

15.3.
1)

I
I=

B z0 = i,
I
I=

2)

f (z) =

ez
,
(z + i)2

ez
dz ,
(z 2 + 1)2

i int , i ext .

(2)

f (z)
0
z z +i2
dz = 2i f (z0 ) = 2i e
 = ei (1 i)
2
3
(z i)
(z + i) z=i
2
f (z) A(C), |f (z)| e|z|

z C.

B |f (z)| 1 z C.
f (z) const. |z| f (z) 0 , f (z) 0 C

59

15.4.
1. (  ):
Z
Z
Z
sin z1
cos z
sh z
dz .
a)
dz ;
b)
dz ;
c)
2
2
2
z2
|z|=1
|zi|=2 z (z + 4)
|z+1|= 12 (z 1)(z + 1)
Z
ez
2.
dz,

4x2 + y 2 = 2y,
2 + 1)3
(z

.
3. ,
f ()
Z
f ()
d = z sin z , z
/ . ,

Z
f ()

d .
3
( z)
4. f (z) :
Z
f ()
d = 2 cos z , |z| < 5 ; f () = 1.
2
||=5 ( z)
5. f (z), f (z) = O(|z|1 )
z .

16. .
16.1.
16.1 f C(D) D -

I
f (z) dz = 0 .

(1)

z0 , z D

F (z) =

f () d

(2)

z0

D, F 0 (z) = f (z).

( ). f (z)  D D (1).
f (z) A(D).
16.2.
. F (z)

f (z) D, F 0 (z) = f (z).

f (z)

1. D  , f (z) A(D)
, (2).

60

2. F (z) (z)  f (z) D

, F (z) (z) = C z D.
3. 16.1 -
Z b
f (z) dz = (b) (a) ,
(3)
a

a, b D, (z)  - f (z).

16.3.
, . 5.1, 5.3 , . .
-
(. 1), , (. 2, 3).
, F (z) f (z)
D (1) f (z) ( F (z) 15.2).
Z1
Z1
1)
a)
eiz dz ;
b)
z n dz , n N.
0

B , :
Z1
1

2i
i
i i

a)
eiz dz = eiz  =
e 1 = .

0
0

Z1

1
1
1

z n+1  =
C
n+1
n+1
0
0
Z
1
2)
d
, = 1 = z,

b)

z n dz =

= 0.
1
B f () =
D = C \ {0}.
.
a) 1 . arg (; ], C
. f ()
Zz
Z
z
d
d

ln (. . 10.2).
=
= ln  = ln z ln 1 = ln z.

1
1

b) 2 n . 1 n ,

I
d
= 0. . 13.3:
= 2i ,

Z
2

d
= 2n i +

Z
1

d
= 2n i +

Zz
1

d
= ln z + 2n i.

61

, D = C \ {0}
1
f (z) =
- C
z
3) , f (z) D:
1
a) f (z) = 2 , D  , z = 0
/ D;
z
1
b) f (z) = 2 , D = C \ {0};
z
c) f (z) = z , D = C.

1
D,
z2
1
D (. 1). , , F (z) = .
z
I
dz
b)
= 0,
 D. ,
2
z
z = 0,
. 0 int , . 13.3.
1
, 16.1, F (z) =  z
f (z) D = C \ {0}.
c) f (z) = z , , ,
C
B a)

f (z) =

16.4.
1.

a) cos az;

b) sh az;

c) ez sin az.

2. , f (z) D :
1
1
1
, D = C \ {1};
b) f (z) =
+ , D = {0 < |z| < 1};
a) f (z) =
z1
z1 z
1
1
1
1
c) f (z) =

, D = {|z| < 1}; d) f (z) =

, D = {|z| > 1};

z1 z+1
z1 z+1
1
1
, D = {|z| < 1};
f ) f (z) = 2
, D = {0 < |z + i| < 2};
e) f (z) = 2
z +1
z +1
z
g) f (z) = , D = {|z| > 0};
h) f (z) = z Re z, D = C.
z
3. D  Z, z = i. ,
z
d
1
arctg z =


f
(z)
=
.
2
1 + z2
0 1+