Cc axt c t tn ph hp vi aion ca chng.

Phn cui ca ion b b i v thay th

vi cc hu t mi theo bng di y.
Phn cui anion Hu t axt
at axt+ ic
it axt +
ua axt + hiric
V d:
sulfat --> axt sulfuric
sulfit --> axt sulfur
sulfua --> axt sulfuhiric
peclorat --> axt pecloric
clorua --> axt clohiric
a) Axit khng c oxi
[1]

Tn axit: axit + tn phi kim + hiric.
Vd: HCl: axit clohiric ; H
2
S: axit sunfuhiric
Gc axit tng ng l: -Cl: clorua; =S: snfua.
b) Axit c oxi
[2]

-Axit c nhiu nguyn t oxi:
Tn axit: axit + tn ca phi kim + ic.
Vd:HNO
3
: axit nitric ; H
2
SO
4
: axit sunfuric ; H
3
PO
4
: axit photphoric
- NO
3
: nitrat ; = SO
4
: sunfat ; = PO
4
: photphat.
-Axit c t nguyn t oxi:
[2]

Tn axit: axit + tn phi kim + .
Vd: H
2
SO
3
: axit sunfur
= SO
3
: sunfit.
Axt v c mnh[sa | sa m ngun]
Axt brmhiric HBr
Axt clohiric HCl
Axit Iothiric HI
Axt nitric HNO
3

Axt sulfuric H
2
SO
4

Axt cloric HClO
3

Axt pecloric HClO
4

Axt selenicH
2
SeO
4

Axt v c yu hay trung bnh[sa | sa m ngun]
Axt boric H
3
BO
3

Axt phtphoric H
3
PO
4

Axt cacbonic H
2
CO
3

Axt pyrophtphoric H
4
P
2
O
7

Axt sunfurH
2
SO
3

Axt hu c yu[sa | sa m ngun]
Axt axtic CH
3
-COOH
Axt benzic C
6
H
5
-COOH
Axt butyric CH
3
-(CH
2
)
2
-COOH
Axt xitric COOH-CH
2
-C(COOH(OH))-CH
2
-COOH
Axt focmic H-COOH
Axt lactic CH
3
-CH(OH)-COOH
Axt malic COOH-CH2-CH(OH)-COOH
Axt prpionic CH
3
-CH
2
-COOH
Axt piruvic CH
3
-C(=O)-COOH (cha nhm chc xtn)
Axt valeric CH
3
-(CH
2
)
3
-COOH