ISTQB CTFL Syll+2011

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Testing
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11
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Revis

Version
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01-May-2007
01-J uly-2005
J uly-2003
25-Feb-1999

pr-2011
Mar-2010
7
Page 3 of 7
Remarks

Certified
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ASQF Sy
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Version 2
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Table

Acknowl
Introduct
Purpo
The C
Learn
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Accre
Level
How t
1. Fun
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.6
2. Tes
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.4
3. Sta
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.3
4. Tes
4.1
4.2
fied Teste
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of Conte
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tion to this S
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Certified Test
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Examination .
editation ........
of Detail ......
this Syllabus
ndamentals o
Why is Te
.1 Softwa
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.4 Testing
.5 How M
What is T
Seven Te
Fundame
4.1 Test Pl
4.2 Test An
4.3 Test Im
4.4 Evalua
4.5 Test Cl
The Psych
Code of E
sting Throug
Software
.1 V-mode
.2 Iterative
.3 Testing
Test Leve
2.1 Compo
2.2 Integra
2.3 System
2.4 Accept
Test Type
3.1 Testing
3.2 Testing
3.3 Testing
3.4 Testing
Maintenan
atic Techniqu
Static Tec
Review P
2.1 Activitie
2.2 Roles a
2.3 Types o
2.4 Succes
Static Ana
st Design Te
The Test
Categorie
er
yllabus

ents
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Syllabus ........
ocument ......
ter Foundatio
es/Cognitive
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is Organize
of Testing (K
esting Neces
re Systems C
s of Software
f Testing in S
g and Quality
uch Testing
esting? (K2)
sting Princip
ntal Test Pro
anning and C
nalysis and D
mplementatio
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losure Activit
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Ethics ...........
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Developmen
el (Sequentia
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els (K2) ........
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ation Testing
m Testing (K2
ance Testing
es (K2) .........
g of Function
g of Non-func
g of Software
g Related to
nce Testing (
ues (K2) .......
chniques and
rocess (K2) .
es of a Form
and Respons
of Reviews (
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alysis by Too
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Developmen
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Level of Kno
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d ..................
K2)................
sary (K2) .....
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Software Dev
y (K2) ...........
is Enough?
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ples (K2) .......
ocess (K1) ...
Control (K1)
Design (K1) .
on and Execu
teria and Rep
ties (K1) ......
sting (K2) ....
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nt Models (K2
al Developm
al Developm
e Cycle Mod
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(K2) ............
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ctional Softw
e Structure/A
Changes: Re
(K2) .............
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d the Test Pr
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mal Review (K
sibilities (K1)
(K2) ..............
or Reviews (K
ols (K2) ........
K4) ................
nt Process (K
esign Techniq
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ent Model) (
ent Models (
el (K2) ........
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Testing) (K2
ware Characte
Architecture (
e-testing and
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2) .................
eristics (Non
Structural Te
d Regression
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Certif
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Version 2
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4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.4
4.4
4.4
4.4
4.5
4.6
5. Tes
5.1
5.1
5.1
5.2
5.2
5.2
5.2
5.2
5.2
5.2
5.3
5.3
5.3
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.6
6. Too
6.1
6.1
6.1
6.1
6.1
6.1
6.1
6.1
6.1
6.2
6.2
6.2
6.3
7. Re
Stand
Books
8. Ap
Histor
Objec
Objec
Novem
Entry
fied Teste
ation Level Sy
2011
Specificat
3.1 Equiva
3.2 Bounda
3.3 Decisio
3.4 State T
3.5 Use Ca
Structure-
4.1 Statem
4.2 Decisio
4.3 Other S
Experienc
Choosing
st Managem
Test Orga
.1 Test O
.2 Tasks o
Test Plan
2.1 Test Pl
2.2 Test Pl
2.3 Entry C
2.4 Exit Cr
2.5 Test Es
2.6 Test St
Test Prog
3.1 Test Pr
3.2 Test Re
3.3 Test Co
Configura
Risk and T
5.1 Project
5.2 Produc
Incident M
ol Support fo
Types of T
.1 Tool Su
.2 Test To
.3 Tool Su
.4 Tool Su
.5 Tool Su
.6 Tool Su
.7 Tool Su
.8 Tool Su
Effective U
2.1 Potenti
2.2 Specia
Introducin
ferences ......
dards ............
s...................
pendix A S
ry of this Doc
ctives of the F
ctives of the I
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Requiremen
er
yllabus

tion-based or
lence Partitio
ary Value An
on Table Tes
Transition Te
ase Testing (
-based or Wh
ment Testing a
on Testing an
Structure-bas
ce-based Tec
Test Techni
ent (K3) ......
anization (K2
rganization a
of the Test L
ning and Est
anning (K2)
anning Activ
Criteria (K2) .
iteria (K2) ....
stimation (K2
trategy, Test
gress Monitor
rogress Mon
eporting (K2
ontrol (K2) ...
ation Manage
Testing (K2)
t Risks (K2) .
ct Risks (K2)
Management
or Testing (K2
Test Tools (K
upport for Te
ool Classifica
upport for Ma
upport for Sta
upport for Te
upport for Te
upport for Pe
upport for Sp
Use of Tools
al Benefits a
l Considerat
ng a Tool into
....................
....................
....................
Syllabus Bac
cument ........
Foundation C
International
....................
nts for this Qu

r Black-box T
oning (K3) ...
nalysis (K3) ..
sting (K3) .....
sting (K3) ....
(K2) ..............
hite-box Tec
and Coverag
nd Coverage
sed Techniqu
chniques (K2
iques (K2) ....
....................
2) ..................
and Independ
Leader and T
timation (K3)
....................
vities (K3) .....
....................
....................
2) .................
t Approach (K
ring and Con
itoring (K1) ..
) ...................
....................
ement (K2) ...
....................
....................
....................
(K3) ............
2).................
K2) ...............
esting (K2) ...
ation (K2) .....
anagement o
atic Testing
est Specificat
est Execution
erformance a
pecific Testin
s: Potential B
and Risks of
ions for Som
o an Organiz
....................
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kground .......
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Certificate Q
Qualification
....................
ualification ...
Page 5 of 7
Techniques (
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hniques (K4
ge (K4) ........
e (K4) ...........
ues (K1) ......
2) .................
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dence (K2) ..
Tester (K1) ...
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K2) ..............
ntrol (K2) .....
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of Testing an
(K1) ............
tion (K1) ......
n and Loggin
and Monitorin
ng Needs (K1
Benefits and
Tool Suppor
me Types of T
zation (K1) ...
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ualification ..
n (adapted fr
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(K3) .............
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nd Tests (K1)
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ng (K1) .........
ng (K1) .........
1) .................
Risks (K2) ..
rt for Testing
Tools (K1) ....
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rom ISTQB m
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Q

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meeting at So
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31-Mar
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Certif
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Version 2
Internationa

Backg
9. Ap
Level
Level
Level
Level
10. A
Found
10.
10.
10.
10.
11. A
12. A
Relea
Relea
13.

fied Teste
ation Level Sy
2011
ground and H
pendix B L
1: Rememb
2: Understa
3: Apply (K3
4: Analyze (
Appendix C
dation Syllab
.1.1 Genera
.1.2 Curren
.1.3 Learnin
.1.4 Overall
Appendix D
Appendix E
ase 2010 ......
ase 2011 ......
Index ...........
er
yllabus

History of the
Learning Obje
er (K1) ........
nd (K2) .......
3) .................
(K4) .............
Rules App
bus ...............
al Rules .......
t Content ....
ng Objectives
l Structure ...
Notice to T
Release N
....................
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....................

e Foundation
ectives/Cogn
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plied to the IS
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s ..................
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Training Prov
otes .............
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Page 6 of 7
n Certificate i
nitive Level o
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STQB ...........
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n Software T
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esting
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Certif
Founda

Version 2
Internationa

Ackno
Internatio
Thomas
Armin Be
Schaefe
the curre
Internatio
Thomas
review te
Tuula P
Veenend
Internatio
Thomas
team tha
Petterss
Internatio
Thomas
Geoff Th
suggesti
fied Teste
ation Level Sy
2011
owledge
onal Softwar
Mller (chai
eer, Rex Bla
r, Stephanie
ent version o
onal Softwar
Mller (chai
eam (Rex Bla
kknen, M
daal) and all
onal Softwar
Mller (chai
anks the revie
on, and Won
onal Softwar
Mller (chai
hompson and
ons.
er
yllabus

ments
re Testing Qu
r), Debra Fri
ck, J ulie Gar
Ulrich, Erik
of the syllabu
re Testing Qu
r), Rahul Ve
ack, Mette B
Meile Posthum
National Boa
re Testing Qu
r), Dorothy G
ew team (Ha
nil Kwon) and
re Testing Qu
r), Rex Black
d Erik van Ve

ualifications
edenberg. T
rdiner, J udy
van Veenen
s.
ualifications
rma, Martin K
Bruhn-Peders
ma, Hans Sc
ards for their
ualifications
Graham, Deb
ans Schaefer
d all the Nati
ualifications
k, Sigrid Eldh
eenendaal an
Page 7 of 7
Board Work
The core team
McKay, Tuul
daal) and all
Board Work
Klonk and Ar
son, Debra F
chaefer, Step
r suggestions
Board Work
bra Friedenb
r, Stephanie
onal Boards
Board Work
h, Dorothy G
nd the review
78
ing Group Fo
m thanks the
la Pkkne
National Bo
ing Group Fo
rmin Beer. T
Friedenberg,
phanie Ulrich
s.
ing Group Fo
erg, and Erik
Ulrich, Meile
for their sug
ing Group Fo
Graham, Klau
w team and a
Q

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1.

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1.1

Terms
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31-Ma
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1.1.5
Deciding
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1.2

Terms
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31-Ma
30 minut
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Certif
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1.3

Terms
Exhaust

Princip
A numbe
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31-Ma
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Certif
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1.4

Terms
Confirma
test cove
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Page 15 of
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78
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keholders.
Internatio
Software Te
Qualifications
31-Ma
35 minut
s, test condit
icy, test suite
test plans sh
ng for execut
ce concurren
usually requir
on of test ac
and reportin
meet the mis
ld be monitor
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level), risk
specification
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performance,
nal
esting
s Board
ar-2011
tes
tion,
e, test
hould
ion
ntly.
red.
ctivities
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ssion
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Certif
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1.4.3
Test imp
combinin
executio

Test imp
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Page 16 of
xecution (
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78
K1)
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confirmation
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milestones su
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Internatio
Software Te
Qualifications
31-Ma
s are specifie
needed for t
n of test data
preparing te
est cases
ccording to th
ns of the sof
h their cause
in the way th
example, re-
testing), exe
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nal
esting
s Board
ar-2011
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test
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Certif
Founda

Version 2
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Test clos
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Page 17 of
major tasks:
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78
vered
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Q

main open
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Qualifications
31-Ma
ture for later
and projects
nal
esting
s Board
ar-2011
reuse
Certif
Founda

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1.5

Terms
Error gue

Backgr
The mind
software
responsi
an indep
carried o

A certain
at finding
develope
be define
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team
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Page 18 of
sting (K
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are able to te
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78
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n though it is
requires curio
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bad feelings
This applies t
cate factual i
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only as mess
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Internatio
Software Te
Qualifications
31-Ma
25 minut
ile developin
eparation of t
al benefits, su
testing may b
er more effec
amiliarity, an
ndependence
of independ
independent
outsourcing
the objectiv
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Founda

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o Start
qual
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pers
findi
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fied Teste
ation Level Sy
2011
t with collabo
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Page 19 of
s remind e
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78
everyone of th
ct-focused w
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Q

he common
way without cr
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as they do
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Internatio
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Qualifications
31-Ma
goal of bette
riticizing the
s and review
ersa
nal
esting
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ar-2011
er
w
Certif
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1.6

Involvem
code of e
inapprop
following

PUBLIC

CLIENT
of their c

PRODUC
and syst

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1.2 Beiz
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1.4 Hetz
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2011
Code o
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Myers, 1979
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Page 20 of
viduals to lea
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ensure that th
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all advance
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78
rn confidenti
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of ethics for
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engineers, th
blic interest
manner that is
les they prov
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dependence
subscribe to
and reputatio
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regarding the
e profession
Internatio
Software Te
Qualifications
31-Ma
10 minut
eged informa
s not put to
he ISTQB st
s in the best
vide (on the p
in their profe
and promot
on of the pro
colleagues, a
e practice of
n
nal
esting
s Board
ar-2011
tes
ation. A
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interests
products
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Certif
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2. T
Cycle

Learni
The obje

2.1 Sof
LO-2.1.1
LO-2.1.2
LO-2.1.3

2.2 Tes
LO-2.2.1

2.3 Tes
LO-2.3.1
LO-2.3.2
LO-2.3.3
LO-2.3.4
LO-2.3.5

2.4 Ma
LO-2.4.1
LO-2.4.2
LO-2.4.3
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2011
Testing
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Page 21 of
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78
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non-function
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of testing (K
on, migration
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Internatio
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Qualifications
31-Ma
115 min
Life Cycle
h module.
k products in
types (K2)
ed to the con
ycle model (K
cts of testing,
rk products,
al and chang
K1)
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K2)
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s Board
ar-2011
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Certif
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2.1

Terms
Commer
verificati

Backgr
Testing d
Different
2.1.1
Although
correspo

The four
o Com
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Softwa
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Internatio
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20 minut
dation,
ent activities
levels,
nd testing,
omponent
ystem testing
specification
f testing in on
y Model Integ
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Certif
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integratio
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2011
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Page 23 of
tems, or sys
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78
stem deploym
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ment) and ac
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Software Te
Qualifications
31-Ma
cceptance tes
nal
esting
s Board
ar-2011
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Certif
Founda

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2.2

Terms
Alpha te
integratio
test envi

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For each
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and spec

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2.2.1
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Page 24 of
g, driver, field
l requiremen
opment, use
be identified
cases (i.e., th
be found, tes

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programs, o
rest of the sy
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or memory le
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design or the
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pare and aut
elopment. Th
en building a
y issues and
78
d testing, fun
nt, robustness
er acceptance
: the generic
he test basis
st harness re
d during test
am testing) s
objects, class
ystem, depe
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nd specific no
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nctional requ
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quirements a
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may be used
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ustness testin
om work prod
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sted and with
g tool. In pr
are typically
cases before
h is highly ite
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Software Te
Qualifications
31-Ma
40 minut
uirement,
ub, system te
the work
bject (i.e., wh
and tool supp
defects in, an
t are separat
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d.
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ducts such as
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actice, comp
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rative and is
ces of code, a

nal
esting
s Board
ar-2011
tes
esting,
hat is
port,
nd
tely
he
tics,
s
s a
t of a
ponent
on as
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and
Certif
Founda

Version 2
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2.2.2
Test bas
o Softw
o Arch
o Wor
o Use

Typical t
o Subs
o Data
o Infra
o Inter
o Syst

Integratio
system,

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testing a

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testing. B

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tests are
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2011
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cases
test objects:
systems
abase implem
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on Testing

stem design

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than one lev
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testing
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pe of integrat
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on strategies
al tasks, tran
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functionality
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nfiguration d
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may be done
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may be bas
nsaction proc
fault isolation
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l characterist
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ers concentr
odule B they
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nents or syste
testing.
Page 25 of
data
omponents,
ystem and ha
tion testing a
nteractions b
actions betwe
e after system
f the interfac
rkflows may
e difficult it b
reased risk a
sed on the sy
cessing sequ
n and detect
tics (e.g., pe
rate solely on
are intereste
idual module
ches may be
ecture and inf
ems are buil
78
interactions
ardware, and
and it may be
between softw
een different
m testing. In
e. This migh
involve a ser
becomes to is
and additiona
ystem archite
uences, or so
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fluence integ
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with differen
interfaces b
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ware compo
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this case, th
ht be conside
ries of system
solate defect
al time for tro
ecture (such
ome other as
ly, integration
may be includ
tion itself. Fo
the commun
s done during
gration plann
mponents can
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Software Te
Qualifications
31-Ma
nt parts of a
between syst
on test objec
onents and is
between
e developing
ered as a risk
ms. Cross-pl
ts to a specif
oubleshooting
as top-down
spect of the s
n should nor
ded in integr
or example, if
nication betw
g component
ning. If integra
n be built in th
nal
esting
s Board
ar-2011
tems.
cts of
s done
g
k.
atform
fic
g.
n and
system
rmally
ration
f they
ween
t
ation
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Certif
Founda

Version 2
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2.2.3
Test bas
o Syst
o Use
o Func
o Risk

Typical t
o Syst
o Syst

System t
be clearl

In system
environm
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data qua
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decision
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An indep
2.2.4
Test bas
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Typical t
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Accepta
stakehol

The goa
specific
acceptan
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2011
System T
sis:
tem and softw
cases
ctional specif
k analysis rep
test objects:
tem, user an
tem configura
testing is con
ly addressed
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ment as muc
und in testing
testing may
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ons with the
testing shou
ality characte
ments. System
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table may b
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to a structura
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Acceptan
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test objects:
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rational and
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ms
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l in acceptan
non-function
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Testing (K

ware require
fication
ports

d operation m
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ncerned with
d in the Mast
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include tests
es, or other h
operating sy
ld investigate
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m testing of f
(black-box) te
be created fo
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al element, s
team often c
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ports

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ata
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Acceptance t

K2)
ement specifi
manuals
nfiguration d
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nment shoul
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s based on ri
igh level text
ystem, and sy
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functional re
echniques fo
r combinatio
ay then be us
such as menu
carries out sy
ng (K2)
integrated sy
e processes
esponsibility
s well.
s to establish
istics of the s
testing may
Page 26 of
cation
data
or of a whole
vel Test Plan
d correspond
minimize the
sks and/or o
t descriptions
ystem resou
and non-func
d to deal with
quirements s
or the aspect
ns of effects
sed to asses
u structure o
ystem testing
ystem
of the custo
h confidence
system. Find
assess the s
78
system/prod
n for that tes
d to the final
e risk of envi
on requireme
s or models
rces.
ctional requir
h incomplete
starts by usin
t of the syste
s described in
ss the thorou
or web page n
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mers or user
in the system
ding defects i
systems read
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duct. The tes
t level.
target or pro
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of system be
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e or undocum
ng the most a
em to be teste
n business ru
ghness of th
navigation (s
rs of a system
m, parts of th
s not the ma
diness for de
Internatio
Software Te
Qualifications
31-Ma
sting scope s
oduction
ecific failures
ations, busine
ehavior,
he system, a
mented
appropriate
ed. For exam
ules. Structu
he testing wit
see Chapter
m; other
he system or
ain focus in
eployment an
nal
esting
s Board
ar-2011
shall
s not
ess
nd
mple, a
re-
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4).
r
nd
Certif
Founda

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use, alth
integratio

Accepta
o A CO
o Acce
o Acce

Typical f

User acc
Typically

Operatio
The acce
o Test
o Disa
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Contract
custom-d
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to, such

Alpha a
Develop
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field-test

Organiza
testing fo
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2011
hough it is no
on test may c
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OTS softwar
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forms of acce
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onal (accept
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a load and m
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med at the d
ting, is perfor
ations may u
or systems th
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ot necessarily
come after th
may occur at
e product ma
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eptance testi
esting
fitness for u
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up/restore
ry
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sks
migration task
of security v
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oftware. Acc
acceptance
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hat are teste

y the final lev
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ay be accept
ability of a co
functional en
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se of the sys
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ulnerabilities
tance testin
erformed aga
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testing is pe
safety regula
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software ofte
the software
rganizations
tomers or po
ms as well, s
d before and
Page 27 of
vel of testing
ce test for a
es in the life
tance tested
omponent m
nhancement
he following:
stem by busi
administrato
s
ng
ainst a contra
eria should b
erformed aga
ations.
en want to g
e product is p
s site but not
otential custo
such as facto
d after being
78
. For examp
system.
cycle, for exa
when it is in
ay be done d
t may come b

ness users.
ors, including
acts accepta
be defined wh
ainst any regu
et feedback
put up for sa
by the deve
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le, a large-sc
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during comp
before system
g:
ance criteria
hen the parti
ulations that
from potentia
le commercia
loping team.
r own locatio
ce testing an
customers s
Internatio
Software Te
Qualifications
31-Ma
cale system
tegrated
onent testing
m testing
for producin
ies agree to t
must be adh
al or existing
ally. Alpha te
Beta testing
ons.
nd site accep
site.
nal
esting
s Board
ar-2011
g
g
the
hered
g
esting
g, or
ptance
Certif
Founda

Version 2
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2.3

Terms
Black-bo
maintain
stress te

Backgr
A group
on a spe

A test typ
o A fun
o A no
o The
o Cha
for u

A model
model or
security
or a plain
2.3.1
The func
products
be undoc

Function
testers) a
tests for

Specifica
functiona
behavior

A type of
detection
interoper
specified
2.3.2
Testing
Non-func
testing, u
testing o

Non-func
the tests
varying s
quality m
fied Teste
ation Level Sy
2011
Test Ty
ox testing, co
nability testing
esting, structu
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of test activi
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pe is focused
nction to be
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structure or
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of the softw
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Testing o
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s such as a re
cumented. T
nal tests are
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components
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rability testin
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Testing o
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usability test
of how the s
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s required to
scale, such a
model such a
er
yllabus

ypes (K2
ode coverage
g, performan
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ties can be a
or target for
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performed by
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system, subs
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oftware or sy
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ts or systems
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2)
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usability test
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testing.
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on (Functio
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nctional S
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Page 28 of
testing, inter
portability tes
ting, white-bo
ifying the sof
ective, which
re
uch as reliabi
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ects have bee
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nd/or used in
nal testing (e
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omponent are
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features (des
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Chapter 4). Fu
nvestigates t
alicious outs
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Software C
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all test levels
of systems a
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78
roperability te
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ox testing
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h could be an
ility or usabil
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ct to interact
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ing, load tes
portability tes
on-functiona
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e tests can b
tware Produ
Internatio
Software Te
Qualifications
31-Ma
40 minut
testing,
ecurity testin
of a system)
owing:
sting) and loo
a control flow
usability mo
te transition
cribed in wo
ation, or they
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ting, stress
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al testing des
quantified o
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esting
s Board
ar-2011
tes
g,
based
oking
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model
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SO
Certif
Founda

Version 2
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9126). N
uses bla
2.3.3
Structura
used afte
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Coverag
percenta
to test th
Chapter

At all tes
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Regress
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Tests sh
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Page 29 of
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Internatio
Software Te
Qualifications
31-Ma
in most case
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ness of testin
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s Board
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can
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Certif
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2.4

Terms
Impact a

Backgr
Once de
system,
planning
made be
operatio
system.

Modifica
emergen
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Maintena
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Mainte
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3. S

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3.1 Sta
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3.2 Rev
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31-Ma
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3.1
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31-Ma
15 minut
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3.2

Terms
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review, review
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ents, includin
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Inspecti
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3.3

Terms
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4. T

Learni
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niques, what
be measured
K2)
e, and give re
onent testing
t and decisio
ss with respe
experience an
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to a given co
2)
Internatio
Software Te
Qualifications
31-Ma
85 minu
h module.
on and test
equirements
n at a level o
e-based (wh
es for each (K
specification-
ioning, bound
K3)
t level and ty
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ect to defined
nd knowledg
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nal
esting
s Board
ar-2011
utes
s and
of
ite-
K1)
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dary
ype of
these
n
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es (K2)
e test
Certif
Founda

Version 2
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4.1

Terms
Test cas
script, tra

Backgr
The test
informal
formality
processe

During te
i.e., to id
verified b
element)

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of action
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The Te
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developmen
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dentify the tes
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a certain tes
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as regression
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straints, safe
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states, and
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be defined pr
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IEEE STD 8
test. If tests a
pt (which is a
automated t
the order in w
uted. The te
tization, and
Page 38 of
nt Proces
cution sched
his section ca
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ng, including
tory requirem
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dition is defin
nction, transa
back to the s
ments change
ailed test ap
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are run using
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test scripts a
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technical an
78
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the maturity
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If expected r
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ure).
ently formed
ocedures, an
ll take into a
pendencies.
Internatio
Software Te
Qualifications
31-Ma
15 minut
ification, test
ways, from ve
The level of
nd developm
volved.
ne what to te
hat could be
stic or structu
ements enab
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case consists
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Test
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results have
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into a test
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nal
esting
s Board
ar-2011
tes
t
ery
ent
est,
ural
bles
erage
test
pter 5
s of a
efined
tputs,
not
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ence
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Certif
Founda

Version 2
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4.2
(K2)

Terms
Black-bo
white-bo

Backgr
The purp

It is a cla
techniqu
condition
includes
any infor
test desi
analysis
combine
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softw
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Common
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case

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Catego
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pose of a tes
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knowledge a
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n technique,
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experience-
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Page 39 of
sign Tec
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identify test c
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an analysis o
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re of the com
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of informatio
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78
chnique
design techni
conditions, te
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are a way to d
of the test ba
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mponent or s
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the experien
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techniques
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Q

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ddition exper
s include:
f the problem
clude:
ve the test ca
ting test case
include:
test cases
ers about the
ource of infor
Internatio
Software Te
Qualifications
31-Ma
15 minut
sign techniqu
nd test data.
ck-box test de
elect test
ntation. This
n, does not u
tested. Whit
based on an
sting may als
opers, testers
than one
chniques and
rience-based
m to be solved
ases (e.g., c
es, and furthe
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rmation
nal
esting
s Board
ar-2011
tes
ue,

esign
s
use
te-box
so be
s and
d
d test
d, the
code
er test
ts
Certif
Founda

Version 2
Internationa

4.3
Techn

Terms
Boundar
case tes
4.3.1
In equiva
expected
Equivale
accepted
outputs,
paramet
designed
testing.

Equivale
to huma
4.3.2
Behavior
the partit
minimum
valid bou
designed
each bou

Boundar
finding c
boundar

This tech
test desi
for exam
table siz
4.3.3
Decision
to docum
system i
and actio
such a w
condition
each com
defines a
associat
have at l
triggering

fied Teste
ation Level Sy
2011
Specifi
niques (
ry value anal
sting
Equivale
alence partiti
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ence partition
d and invalid
internal valu
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capability is h
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way that they
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er
yllabus

cation-b
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similar behav
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a good way t
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based or
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applied at al
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entified. The
e or false (B
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Each column
conditions an
verage stand
n in the table
Page 40 of
r Black-b
ng, equivalen
K3)
ware or syste
are likely to b
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hould be reje
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K3)
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78
box
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be processed
valid data, i.
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or after an e
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It is relativel
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speed requi
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put conditions
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Q

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ion testing). T
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rements) or t
contain logic
mplex busine
ion is analyz
ons are mos
ble contains
s, and the res
s to a busine
ecution of th
h decision ta
s covering all
Internatio
Software Te
Qualifications
31-Ma
150 minu
nsition testin
ps that are
e way.
at should be
be identified
r interface
Tests can be
cable at all le
It can be ap
ation testing.
han behavior
e maximum
id partition is
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ply and its d
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other black-b
creen as wel
table ranges
cal conditions
ss rules that
zed, and cond
st often state
the triggerin
sulting action
ess rule that
e actions
ble testing is
l combination
nal
esting
s Board
ar-2011
utes
ng, use
e
d for
e
vels of
pplied
within
and
s a
can be
or
efect-
box
l as,
s (e.g.,
s, and
t a
ditions
d in
g
ns for
s to
ns of
Certif
Founda

Version 2
Internationa

The stre
might no
the softw
4.3.4
A system
state). In
the teste
that trigg
states of

A state t
transition

Tests ca
transition

State tra
automat
having s
scenario
4.3.5
Tests ca
systems
describe
the syste
precond
terminate
the use c
and alter

Use case
cases de
real-worl
custome
and inter
Designin
techniqu
fied Teste
ation Level Sy
2011
ngth of decis
ot have been
ware depend
State Tra
m may exhibi
n this case, th
er to view the
ger state cha
f the system
able shows t
ns that are in
an be designe
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ansition testin
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ld use of the
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sion table tes
exercised d
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hat aspect of
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conditions w
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the techniqu
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hich are the
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ponents, wh
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Page 41 of
t creates com
g. It may be a
sions.
3)
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can be show
states, trans
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separate, ide
the states a
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very useful fo
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combined w
78
mbinations o
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Q

of conditions
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business proc
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fully. Each u
inal state of t
eam (i.e., mo
s actual likel
n the proces
acceptance
ts caused by
t testing wou
ecification-ba
Internatio
Software Te
Qualifications
31-Ma
that otherwis
when the actio
vious history
diagram. It a
e inputs or e
se transitions
mber.
ight possible
, to exercise
s.
echnical
siness object
ons or busine
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ase has
se case
the system a
st likely) sce
y use, so the
ss flows durin
tests with
y the interact
uld not see.
ased test
nal
esting
s Board
ar-2011
se
on of
y (its
allows
events
s. The

every
ess
rs or
be
or at
after
enario
e test
ng
tion
Certif
Founda

Version 2
Internationa

4.4
Techn

Terms
Code co

Backgr
Structure
system,
o Com
or ev
o Integ
mod
o Syst

In this se
statemen
may be u
4.4.1
In compo
statemen
test case

Stateme
or execu
4.4.2
Decision
outcome
case sui
Branche
locations

Decision
executed
test.

Decision
decision
guarante
4.4.3
There ar
coverage

The conc
level the
suite cou

Tool sup
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2011
Structu
niques
overage, deci
round
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as seen in th
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Statemen
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Decision
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te. The decis
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s in the code
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points. Deci
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re stronger le
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cept of cove
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ure-base
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ision coverag
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Page 42 of
hite-box
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nsfer of contr
mes covered
utcomes in th
c flow of cont
ge; 100% de
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example, at
een exercised
Internatio
Software Te
Qualifications
31-Ma
60 minut
tware or the
cisions, branc
s call other
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tes
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4.5

Terms
Explorat

Backgr
Experien
experien
techniqu
techniqu
yield wid

A comm
defects b
enumera
approac
available

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test char
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fied Teste
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2011
Experie
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round
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only used ex
based on exp
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failure data,
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Page 43 of
chniques
derived from
nologies. Wh
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and failure li
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test executio
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are found.
78
s (K2)
the testers
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skill and intu
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uilt based on
t why softwar
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vere time pre
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Software Te
Qualifications
31-Ma
30 minut
uition and the
stematic
captured by f
technique m
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que is to
This system
n experience
re fails.
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the test proc
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esting
s Board
ar-2011
tes
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formal
may
atic
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on a
t is
order
cess,
Certif
Founda

Version 2
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4.6

Terms
No spec

Backgr
The cho
system,
objective
cycle, us

Some te
all test le

When cr
rule and

Refere
4.1 Crai
4.2 Beiz
4.3.1 Co
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4.3.3 Be
4.3.4 Be
4.3.5 Co
4.4.3 Be
4.5 Kan
4.6 Beiz
fied Teste
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2011
Choosi
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round
ice of which
regulatory st
e, documenta
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chniques are
evels.
reating test c
data-driven
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ig, 2002, Het
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opeland, 200
opeland, 200
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yllabus

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test techniqu
tandards, cu
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els and prev
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cases, testers
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opeland, 200
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Copeland, 20
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979
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Page 44 of
ques (K
epends on a
ontractual req
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ence with typ
tain situation
use a combin
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9-1998
78
K2)
number of fa
quirements,
ters, time and
es of defects
s and test le
nation of test
erage of the o
Q

actors, includ
level of risk,
d budget, de
s found.
vels; others
techniques
object under
Internatio
Software Te
Qualifications
31-Ma
15 minut
ding the type
type of risk,
evelopment li
are applicab
including pro
test.
nal
esting
s Board
ar-2011
tes
e of
test
ife
ble to
ocess,
Certif
Founda

Version 2
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5. T

Learni
The obje

5.1 Tes
LO-5.1.1
LO-5.1.2
LO-5.1.3
LO-5.1.4

5.2 Tes
LO-5.2.1
LO-5.2.2
LO-5.2.3
LO-5.2.4
LO-5.2.5
LO-5.2.6
LO-5.2.7
LO-5.2.8
LO-5.2.9

5.3 Tes
LO-5.3.1
LO-5.3.2
LO-5.3.3

5.4 Co
LO-5.4.1

5.5 Ris
LO-5.5.1
LO-5.5.2
LO-5.5.3
LO-5.5.4
LO-5.5.5
fied Teste
ation Level Sy
2011
Test Ma
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ectives identi
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1 Recogni
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3 Recogni
(K1)
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Page 45 of
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risk analysis
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Software Te
Qualifications
31-Ma
70 minu
h module.
organization
ion of a test
cification and
ocumentatio
analytical, m
onsultative a
cheduling tes
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e.g., defects f
K2)
ment accord
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ay be used f
nal
esting
s Board
ar-2011
utes
(K2)
team
d test
on
model-
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st
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cs-
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ity
found
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for test
Certif
Founda

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5.6 Inc
LO-5.6.1
LO-5.6.2
fied Teste
ation Level Sy
2011
cident Man
1 Recogni
Test Doc
2 Write an
er
yllabus

nagement
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(K3)
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(IEEE Std 8
port covering
Page 46 of
dent report a
829-1998) (K
the observa
78
according to t
K1)
ation of a failu
Q

the Standard
ure during te
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Software Te
Qualifications
31-Ma
d for Softwar
esting. (K3)
nal
esting
s Board
ar-2011
re
Certif
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5.1

Terms
Tester, t
5.1.1
The effe
testers. O
o No in
o Inde
o Inde
exec
o Inde
o Inde
certi
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For large
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testers s
mandate

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Testing t
another
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5.1.2
In this sy
performe
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Sometim
may be p
the mana
manager
defined i

Typical t
o Coo
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fied Teste
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2011
Test O
est leader, te
Test Org
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Options for in
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all of the lev
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in Section 1.
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finding defe
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elopers test t
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Leader an
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Page 47 of
)
pendence
g and review
e following:
their own cod
ent teams
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rganization o
est types suc
re product ag
nal to the org
it is usually b
t testers. De
f objectivity o
o require and
roles only in
ent defects, a
ptions people
reated as tot
sibility for qua
bottleneck or
ecific testing
ality manager
nd Tester (
d, test leader
nd on the pro
anager or tes
evelopment
s two positio
nitors and co
h project ma
oject, and tes
78
e (K2)
ws can be imp
de
on, reporting
or user comm
ch as usabili
gainst standa
ganization
best to have
velopment s
often limits th
d define test
the presence
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manager, a q
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nagers and o
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Q

proved by us
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munity
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delays in rele
y be done by
business an
The activitie
oduct contex
r. The role of
quality assur
t: test leader
sting activitie
others
he organizati
Internatio
Software Te
Qualifications
31-Ma
30 minut
sing indepen
anagement o
ecurity tester
ulations)
els of testing
ticipate in tes
ness. The
and rules, bu
management
on and
ease
y someone in
nd domain ex
s and tasks
xt, the people
f the test lea
rance manag
r and test
es and tasks
ion
nal
esting
s Board
ar-2011
tes
dent
or
rs or
, with
sting,
ut
t
n
xpert,
e in the
der
ger or
s as
Certif
Founda

Version 2
Internationa

o Cont
o Plan
inclu
reso
o Initia
resu
o Adap
and
o Set u
o Intro
and
o Deci
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man
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the d
o Use
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specialis
project, d
Typically
acceptan
testing w
fied Teste
ation Level Sy
2011
tribute the te
n the tests c
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ources, defini
ate the specif
lts and chec
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take any act
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nt and integr
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Page 48 of
er project act
and understa
mating the tim
nd planning in
plementation
d progress (s
nsate for pro
ment of testwa
test progress
at degree, a
ize any traini
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developer or
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n, specific te
test level and
le of tester, k
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78
tivities, such
anding the te
me, effort an
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and executi
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as integratio
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ocumented in
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nistration an
uate the resu
tools as requ
mation expert
est automatio
elated to the p
me degree of
elopers, test
ers for operat
Internatio
Software Te
Qualifications
31-Ma
on planning
s and risks
ting, acquirin
monitor the te
n status repo
ality of the tes
s
r testability
d network
ults and docu
uired
t)
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product and
independen
ters at the
tional accept
nal
esting
s Board
ar-2011
ng
est
orts)
sting
ument
the
ce.
tance
Certif
Founda

Version 2
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5.2

Terms
Test app
5.2.1
This sec
and for m
test plan
planning
1998).

Planning
constrain
progress

Test plan
Feedbac
5.2.2
Test plan
o Dete
o Defin
exit c
o Integ
(acq
o Mak
activ
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and
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5.2.3
Entry cri
tests is r

Typically
o Test
o Test
o Test
o Test
5.2.4
Exit crite
achieved

fied Teste
ation Level Sy
2011
Test Pl
proach, test s
Test Plan
ction covers t
maintenance
ns for test lev
g document is
g is influence
nts, criticality
s, more inform
nning is a co
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Test Plan
nning activiti
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ning the ove
criteria
grating and c
uisition, sup
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vities should
eduling test a
eduling test i
gning resour
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ecting metrics
risk issues
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Entry Cr
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ready for exe
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table code av
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Exit Crite
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yllabus

lanning
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the purpose o
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activities is u
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test procedu
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r the followin
and readine
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Page 49 of
timation
ing within de
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est activities,
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Internatio
Software Te
Qualifications
31-Ma
40 minut
entation proje
n and in sepa
ne of a test-
(IEEE Std 8
objectives, ri
nd test plann
n the plan.
and activities
can be adju
els and entry
ctivities
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mentation
n, defect reso
mation to sup
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a set of tests
nal
esting
s Board
ar-2011
tes
ects,
arate
829-
sks,
ning
s.
sted.
y and
st
olution
pport
t of
s has
Certif
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Typically
o Thor
o Estim
o Cost
o Resi
o Sche
5.2.5
Two app
o The
proje
o The
tasks

Once the

The test
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Page 50 of
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78
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Certif
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5.3
(K2)

Terms
Defect d
5.3.1
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Page 51 of
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Qualifications
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20 minut
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measure exit
the planned
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Certif
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5.4

Terms
Configur

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intained
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nal
esting
s Board
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tes
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sted
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5.5

Terms
Product

Backgr
Risk can
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likelihood
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Page 53 of
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78
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Internatio
Software Te
Qualifications
31-Ma
30 minut
ng and result
ined by the
that event).
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nal
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s Board
ar-2011
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Certif
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Product
provides
and of co

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risk, star
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Page 54 of
success of a
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It involves th
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78
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sk-control act
al defect rem
vels of produ
ct risks and th
of tests. In a
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akeholders t
ivities provid
mine what risk
nal
esting
s Board
ar-2011
tivity
moval
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risk-
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to
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ks
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5.6

Terms
Incident

Backgr
Since on
expected
out to be
and defe
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manage

Incidents
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requirem
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78
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at revealed t
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Qualifications
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40 minut
n actual and
ated and ma
e defined. Inc
confirmation
stablish an in
product. The
on including
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nal
esting
s Board
ar-2011
tes
y turn
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ncident
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Certif
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Refere
5.1.1 Bl
5.1.2 Bl
5.2.5 Bl
5.3.3 Bl
5.4 Crai
5.5.2 Bl
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Hetzel, 1988
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EEE Std 829
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IEEE Std 829
Hetzel, 1988
9-1998
1998
Page 56 of
9-1998, Kan
8, IEEE Std 8
78
er 2002
829-1998
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esting
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Certif
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6. T

Learni
The obje

6.1 Typ
LO-6.1.1
LO-6.1.3

6.2 Effe
LO-6.2.1
LO-6.2.2

6.3 Intr
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Page 57 of
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80 minu
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Certif
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6.1

Terms
Configur
manage
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31-Ma
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6.2
Bene

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6.3
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78
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7.
Stand
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[CMMI] C
and Prod
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[IEEE St
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[IEEE 10
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[IEEE 12
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Books
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LO-1.1.5 has
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LO-
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5. S
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Internationa
13.
action w
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2011
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acceptance
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1, 58, 60, 62
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developed so
w ..................
ven approach
ven testing ...
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table testing
testing ........
0, 11, 13, 14,
1, 32, 33, 34
4, 45, 47, 49
9
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9, 32, 33, 36
5, 59, 67
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29, 37, 38,
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16, 18, 21,
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12, 13, 14,
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....................
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....................
ol .................

............ 63
...... 24, 27
25, 28, 29
...... 17, 30
............ 29
............ 47
............ 62
...... 24, 27
37, 39, 40
............ 39
............ 28
............ 25
............ 40
............ 11
............ 62
...... 34, 35
............ 44
37, 42, 58
............ 22
............ 36
36, 50, 59
25, 29, 59,
, 29, 37, 41,
45, 48, 52
............ 58
21, 28, 29
............ 27
36, 37, 42
39, 40, 42,
............ 58
............ 27
............ 36
............ 63
............ 62
24, 29, 58
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............ 42
24, 26, 28,
39, 40, 41,
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............ 59
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49, 50, 52,
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............ 24
...... 58, 60
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unctional test
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cident mana
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dependence
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59, 60, 69
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........... 28, 5
nal
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s Board
ar-2011
32, 36
.... 30
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43, 50
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.... 62
.... 33
7, 45,
58, 60
Certif
Founda

Version 2
Internationa

load test
maintain
maintena
manage
maturity
metric ...
mistake
modellin
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non-func
non-func
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49, 50
risk-base
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risks .....
risks of u
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root caus
scribe ...
scripting
security
fied Teste
ation Level Sy
2011
ting tool ........
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....................
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8, 10, 11, 13,
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s Board
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.... 38
60, 62
58, 60
38, 49
Certif
Founda

Version 2
Internationa

test lead
test lead
test leve
44, 45
test log .
test man
test man
test man
test mon
test obje
test orac
test orga
test plan
test plan
test plan
test proc
test proc
test prog
test repo
test repo
test scrip
test strat
test suite
test sum
test tool
test type
test-drive
tester 10
62, 67
tester tas
test-first

fied Teste
ation Level Sy
2011
der ................
der tasks .......
l . 21, 22, 24,
5, 48, 49
....................
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cle ................
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....................
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44, 48, 51
............ 60
............ 47
52, 53, 54
49, 52, 54
............ 49
38, 45, 49
...... 37, 38
............ 51
...... 45, 51
...... 45, 51
16, 32, 38
............ 47
............ 29
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............ 58
30, 48, 75
............ 24
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............ 48
............ 24
Page 78 of
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ser acceptan
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....................
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Internatio
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................. 1
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ent of testing
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................. 5
...................
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........... 24, 5
................. 5
...................
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................. 2
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........... 37, 4
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...................
...................
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................. 2
nal
esting
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ar-2011
.... 11
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57, 62
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.... 59
itoring 60
.... 59
ging60
.... 59
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.... 25
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.... 25
57, 58
58, 60
58, 60
.... 30
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28, 45
37, 40
40, 41
28, 41
.... 27
.... 22
.... 22
.... 52
.... 22
33, 34
39, 42
28, 42

ISTQB CTFL Syll+2011

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